EP0164437B1 - Solution for replenishing the salt content of molten-salt baths - Google Patents

Solution for replenishing the salt content of molten-salt baths Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0164437B1
EP0164437B1 EP84106831A EP84106831A EP0164437B1 EP 0164437 B1 EP0164437 B1 EP 0164437B1 EP 84106831 A EP84106831 A EP 84106831A EP 84106831 A EP84106831 A EP 84106831A EP 0164437 B1 EP0164437 B1 EP 0164437B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coal dust
supply
lines
transport
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP84106831A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0164437A1 (en
Inventor
William G. Wood
John F. Pilznienski
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Evonik Operations GmbH
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Degussa GmbH
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Priority to DE8484106831T priority Critical patent/DE3466019D1/en
Priority to EP84106831A priority patent/EP0164437B1/en
Priority to AT84106831T priority patent/ATE29528T1/en
Publication of EP0164437A1 publication Critical patent/EP0164437A1/en
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Publication of EP0164437B1 publication Critical patent/EP0164437B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
    • C23G1/28—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with molten salts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the metered conveyance of dusty goods, in particular coal dust, for. B. in ovens, in particular for small and very small quantities, with a filling opening for the material to be conveyed, with a diffusion cone closing the conveyor on the output side, with at least one outlet opening for the material to be conveyed, with injector pipes penetrating the conveyor, which supply the compressed gas serve and are arranged opposite the outlet openings.
  • incinerators An area of application for the use of a device mentioned above is incinerators.
  • incinerators as well as in steelmaking furnaces, e.g. B. in cupola furnaces, oil or coke is usually used.
  • This coke or oil use could be reduced considerably by adding coal dust.
  • This coal dust is available in abundance as a waste product and has a higher calorific value in terms of weight unit than coke, it is cheaper and generally has a lower sulfur content than coke.
  • coal dust is added to the combustion of coke, reduced melting times can be achieved, and the storage and transportation of the coal dust are less problematic than that of coke.
  • a device for the pulverization of concrete consisting of a tubular conveying device and a transport device with an atomizing nozzle.
  • the material to be atomized is entered via a shaft and fed to the atomizing area by means of a screw, the special feature here being that this atomizing area initially widens in order to then narrow, so that a so-called blocking area is created in which the atomizing area Material is pressed through the screw and atomized by the atomizing nozzle and transported on.
  • the atomizer nozzle consists of a tube which is arranged inside the screw conveyor and which is supplied with compressed air.
  • a device for the simultaneous feeding of several burners with controllable amounts of a pulverized combustible substance.
  • the combustible pulverized substance is filled into a collector, after which a certain amount of air or gas is added to the burners in controllable quantities.
  • a collector for which a certain amount of air or gas is added to the burners in controllable quantities.
  • a fan tube extends in each of the lines leading to the burner, in which there is a higher air pressure than in the air flow in the pulverized fuel.
  • the nozzles are provided with regulating devices with which the additionally blown-in air can be regulated.
  • the pulverized fuel is entrained into the individual lines and led to the burner by the injected air, which has an injector effect.
  • an increased amount of pulverized fuel is automatically fed to the burner when the air output is increased, so that a regulation of the fuel-air mixture is obtained at the same time.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device of the type mentioned for a metered supply of coal dust in furnaces, with which even the smallest quantities can be metered supplied to the furnace.
  • this object is achieved by a pressure application of the material to be conveyed into the conveying device, by one or more outlet openings, which continuously increase in the direction of the coal dust supply, and by the number of outlet openings corresponding injector pipes, which are adjustable relative to the respective outlet openings , solved.
  • the coal dust is fed continuously to the conveyor, the feed openings advantageously being connected to a storage container which is under pressure, so that the continuous feed is ensured. It has also been found to be advantageous to fluidize the coal dust in the outlet opening of the storage container, as a result of which disturbances in the continuous supply of the coal dust to the conveying device are avoided.
  • the coal dust is moved towards the exit opening, which is closed by a diffusion cone.
  • This diffusion cone has one or more openings to which the delivery lines are connected, which lead the coal dust to the furnace. These openings are flared towards the delivery opening, so that proper flow behavior of the coal dust in the delivery device and in the delivery lines is obtained.
  • Injector tubes which open into the diffusion cone are used to transport the coal dust, an injector tube being assigned to each outlet opening.
  • the distance of the front end of the injector tube relative to the outlet opening is adjustable, with all injector tubes being at the same distance from the outlet openings so that the delivery rate in the delivery lines is always the same.
  • the amount of coal dust conveyed in each case is set in a conveyor device according to the invention in two ways.
  • the amount can be regulated by the size of the pressure in the injector pipes, the smaller the delivery, the greater the selected injector pipe pressure.
  • Another possibility of adjusting the delivery rate is that the distance between the ends of the injector tubes from the outlet openings is changed. If the distance is increased, more coal dust is produced. With a corresponding reduction, the amount is reduced. With this mechanical fine adjustment, the amount of coal dust conveyed can be adjusted very precisely.
  • the amount conveyed is also dependent on how the feed pressure of the coal dust is selected in the conveyor. For constant control, this feed pressure should always be maintained evenly.
  • This is according to the invention, for. B. achieved in that the task of coal dust takes place via a pressure vessel, wherein a predetermined pressure is constantly maintained in this container.
  • the delivery lines are connected to a compressed air line via a bypass line. These bypass lines are used to then blow the delivery lines free, should there be any blockages in the delivery line due to the consistency of the coal dust.
  • the device for conveying coal dust is designated 1.
  • This device consists of a delivery pipe 2, which is provided with a laterally located filling opening 3 and is closed on its outlet side with a diffusion cone 4. Compressed air for transporting the coal dust is supplied to the device 1 via a supply line 5.
  • a valve 8 is flanged to the filling opening 3 of the device 1, on the other side of which a storage container 9 is fastened.
  • This storage container 9 receives the coal dust, which is fed through a filling opening 10, which can also be closed via a valve 11.
  • the reservoir 9 is further provided with a vent valve 12 and with two measuring probes 13 and 14, by means of which the fill level of the reservoir 9 can be determined with coal dust.
  • the reservoir 9 further has a connection 15 for a compressed air line 16, into which a control valve 17 is switched on to control the pressure. Furthermore, a check valve 18 is installed in the compressed air line 16. Via the compressed air line 16, the reservoir 9 is pressurized with compressed air, so that the coal dust is pressed out of the container 9 not only due to its own weight, but also due to the prevailing air pressure.
  • a compressed air supply line 20 is also inserted into the outlet opening 19 of the storage container 9, via which compressed air is introduced for fluidizing the coal dust, which improves the fluidity of the coal dust.
  • a check valve 21 is also installed in the compressed air line 20.
  • the compressed air lines 16 and 20 are connected to a pressure supply line 23 via a pressure control valve 22.
  • the supply line 5 for the device 1 is connected to the same pressure supply line 23 via a further pressure control valve 24.
  • a check valve 25 is installed between the pressure control valve 24 and the device 1.
  • a further compressed air line 26 which is provided with a shut-off valve 27, is connected to the supply line 23.
  • the compressed air line 26 branches into four bypass lines 28 which open into the delivery lines 6. The task of these bypass lines is to remove any blockages in the delivery lines 6 by briefly releasing a sufficiently high pressure.
  • the device according to the invention for metering the delivery rate for the coal dust is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 on an enlarged scale.
  • the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the conveyor device 1 consists of a conveyor tube 2, which is closed on its rear side except for a bore for receiving the supply line 5.
  • a stuffing box 29 is used for the pressure-tight sealing of supply line 5 and delivery pipe 2.
  • the supply pipe 5 is slidably arranged in the delivery pipe 2.
  • the supply pipe 5 extends through the entire delivery pipe 2 into the diffusion cone 4, which in this example is provided with four outlet openings 30. These outlet openings widen conically towards the feed side of the coal dust, so that the cross section towards the outlet openings 30 decreases continuously until the clear cross section of the delivery lines 6 is reached.
  • a distributor pipe 31 is connected to the supply line 5, which is provided with four injector pipes 32 which provide the outlet openings 30 open opposite.
  • the distance of the injector pipes 32 from the inlet openings 30 is also changed so that the delivery volume can be finely adjusted.
  • a measuring device 33 is attached to the delivery pipe 5, which is guided in a bushing 34 which is attached to the delivery pipe 2.
  • the filling opening 3 is arranged radially on the delivery pipe 2 and closed with a valve 8 which has a flange 35 for attachment to the storage container 9.
  • This valve 8 serves to shut off the influx of coal dust. This valve 8 is always closed when the reservoir 9 is loaded again. In the short period of time required for this, the supply is maintained by removing the coal dust from the device 1.
  • the device works as follows.
  • the coal dust is introduced into the storage container 9 from a bunker, wherein the ventilation of the storage container 9 occurs via the ventilation valve 12.
  • the valve 11 is closed and pressure in the reservoir 9 is built up via the line 16.
  • the valve 8 is then opened so that the coal dust from the storage container 9 can enter the feed pipe 2 of the device 1 via the fill opening 3.
  • the amount delivered depends on the one hand on the pressure in the storage container 9 and on the other hand on the pressure in the supply line or in the injector tubes 32 and also on the distance of the injector tubes from the outlet openings 30. The greater the pressure in the injector tubes is chosen, the more the amount subsidized is smaller.
  • the amount of coal dust conveyed increases, the greater the distance between the injector tubes 32 and the outlet openings 30.
  • the injector pressure is otherwise set so that a so-called flight promotion occurs in the delivery lines 6, d. H. that the extracted coal dust cannot be deposited in these lines.
  • the coal dust enters line sections 36 with a larger cross section, which act as so-called decompression units, so that the speed of the coal dust is thereby reduced and this is blown uniformly into the cupola furnace 7.
  • the delivery lines 6 are of the same length.
  • the maximum throughput of a conveying device is determined by the cross section of the conveying lines, the outlet openings and the pressure and the diameter of the injector pipes.
  • the dosage i.e. H. the minimal changes in quantity depend on the one hand on the choice of cross-sections. In any case, the quantity change is possible in grams.
  • the tests have shown that in the range from 0.1 kg / min to 20 kg / min there is a reliable change in quantity within the aforementioned range. This very precisely metered blowing of coal dust into furnaces ensures considerable energy savings, since here the usual heating agents such as gas, oil and coke can be substituted to a considerable extent.

Abstract

1. Use of an aqueous solution containing at least one alkali hydroxide and at least one alkali nitrate for making up the salt content of molten salt baths which contain alkali hydroxide and alkali nitrate by atomising the solution onto the hot bath surface, characterized in that the solution is saturated in alkali hydroxide alkaki nitrate and optionally further compounds to such an extent that it is liquid at 508C, is still sufficiently viscous for atomisation and is stable and is free from sediment at between 50 and 1108C.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung für eine dosierte Förderung von staubförmigen Gütern, insbesondere von Kohlenstaub, z. B. in Öfen, insbesondere für kleine und kleinste Mengen, mit einer Einfüllöffnung für das zu fördernde Gut, mit einem die Fördereinrichtung an der Ausgangsseite verschließenden Diffusionskonus, mit mindestens einer Austrittsöffnung für das zu fördernde Gut, mit die Fördereinrichtung durchsetzenden Injektorrohren, die der Druckgaszufuhr dienen und den Austrittsöffnungen gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind.The invention relates to a device for the metered conveyance of dusty goods, in particular coal dust, for. B. in ovens, in particular for small and very small quantities, with a filling opening for the material to be conveyed, with a diffusion cone closing the conveyor on the output side, with at least one outlet opening for the material to be conveyed, with injector pipes penetrating the conveyor, which supply the compressed gas serve and are arranged opposite the outlet openings.

Ein Anwendungsgebiet für den Einsatz einer vorstehend genannten Einrichtung sind Verbrennungsöfen. In Verbrennungsöfen wie auch in Öfen für die Stahlherstellung, z. B. in Kupolöfen, wird in der Regel Öl oder Koks eingesetzt. Dieser Koks- oder Öleinsatz könnte durch Zugabe von Kohlenstaub in beachtlichem Umfange vermindert werden. Dieser Kohlenstaub ist in reichlicher Menge als Abfallprodukt vorhanden und hat auf die Gewichtseinheit bezogen einen höheren Heizwert als Koks, er ist billiger und hat in der Regel einen geringeren Schwefelgehalt als Koks. Bei Zusatz von Kohlenstaub bei der Verbrennung von Koks können verringerte Schmelzzeiten erreicht werden, des weiteren sind die Lagerung und der Transport des Kohlenstaubes unproblematischer als derjenige von Koks.An area of application for the use of a device mentioned above is incinerators. In incinerators as well as in steelmaking furnaces, e.g. B. in cupola furnaces, oil or coke is usually used. This coke or oil use could be reduced considerably by adding coal dust. This coal dust is available in abundance as a waste product and has a higher calorific value in terms of weight unit than coke, it is cheaper and generally has a lower sulfur content than coke. When coal dust is added to the combustion of coke, reduced melting times can be achieved, and the storage and transportation of the coal dust are less problematic than that of coke.

Ersetzt man z. B. die Kokszugabe zu 30 % bei Kupolöfen durch Kohlenstaub, so ist hierdurch eine große Kostenersparnis zu erreichen. Das Problem der Kohlenstaubzugabe liegt dabei nicht in der Zugabe großer Mengen, sondern in der dosierten Zugabe kleiner Mengen, die zudem noch an den momentanen Bedarf anpaßbar sein müssen.If you replace z. B. 30% addition of coke to cupola furnaces due to coal dust, a great cost saving can be achieved. The problem of adding coal dust is not the addition of large quantities, but the metered addition of small quantities, which also have to be adaptable to the current demand.

Aus der FR-A-23 57 452 ist eine Vorrichtung für die Pulverisierung von Beton bekannt, bestehend aus einer rohrförmigen Fördereinrichtung sowie einer Transporteinrichtung mit einer Zerstäuberdüse. Das zu zerstäubende Material wird über einen Schacht eingegeben und mittels einer Schnecke zu dem Zerstäubungsbereich zugeführt, wobei hier die Besonderheit besteht, daß dieser Zerstäuberbereich sich zunächst erweitert, um dann sich zu verengen, so daß hier ein sogenannter Blockierbereich entsteht, in dem das zu zerstäubende Material durch die Schnecke gepreßt und von der Zerstäuberdüse zerstäubt und weitertransportiert wird. Die Zerstäuberdüse besteht aus einem Rohr, das innerhalb der Förderschnecke angeordnet ist und das mit Preßluft versorgt wird.From FR-A-23 57 452 a device for the pulverization of concrete is known, consisting of a tubular conveying device and a transport device with an atomizing nozzle. The material to be atomized is entered via a shaft and fed to the atomizing area by means of a screw, the special feature here being that this atomizing area initially widens in order to then narrow, so that a so-called blocking area is created in which the atomizing area Material is pressed through the screw and atomized by the atomizing nozzle and transported on. The atomizer nozzle consists of a tube which is arranged inside the screw conveyor and which is supplied with compressed air.

Aus der FR-A-648 588 ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt für die gleichzeitige Speisung mehrerer Brenner mit regelbaren Mengen eines pulverisierten brennbaren Stoffes. Der brennbare pulverisierte Stoff wird in einen Sammler gefüllt, wonach dieser nach Zugabe einer gewissen Menge Luft oder Gas den Brennern in regelbaren Mengen zugeführt wird. Für diesen Zweck sind an ein Sammelrohr, in das das brennbare Gut eingeblasen wird, ebenso viele Rohre angeschlossen wie es Brenner zu versorgen gilt. In jede der zu dem Brenner führenden Leitungen reicht ein Gebläserohr, in dem ein höherer Luftdruck herrscht als in dem Luftstrom im pulverisierten Brennstoff. Die Düsen sind mit Regelvorrichtungen versehen, mit denen die zusätzlich eingeblasene Luft regelbar ist. Durch die eingeblasene Luft, die lnjektorwirkung hat, wird der pulverisierte Brennstoff in die einzelnen Leitungen mitgerissen und zu dem Brenner geführt. Bei dieser Vorrichtung wird bei einer Erhöhung des Luftausstoßes automatisch eine erhöhte Menge an pulverisiertem Brennstoff dem Brenner zugeführt, so daß hierdurch gleichzeitig eine Einregulierung des Brennstoff-Luftgemisches erhalten wird.From FR-A-648 588 a device is known for the simultaneous feeding of several burners with controllable amounts of a pulverized combustible substance. The combustible pulverized substance is filled into a collector, after which a certain amount of air or gas is added to the burners in controllable quantities. For this purpose, as many pipes as there are burners to be supplied are connected to a collecting pipe into which the combustible material is blown. A fan tube extends in each of the lines leading to the burner, in which there is a higher air pressure than in the air flow in the pulverized fuel. The nozzles are provided with regulating devices with which the additionally blown-in air can be regulated. The pulverized fuel is entrained into the individual lines and led to the burner by the injected air, which has an injector effect. In this device, an increased amount of pulverized fuel is automatically fed to the burner when the air output is increased, so that a regulation of the fuel-air mixture is obtained at the same time.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs ganannten Art für ein dosiertes Zuführen von Kohlenstaub in Öfen vorzuschlagen, mit der dem Ofen auch kleinste Mengen dosiert zugeführt werden können.The invention has for its object to provide a device of the type mentioned for a metered supply of coal dust in furnaces, with which even the smallest quantities can be metered supplied to the furnace.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Druckaufgabe des zu fördernden Gutes in die Fördereinrichtung, durch eine oder mehrere Austrittsöffnungen, die sich in Richtung auf die Aufgabe des Kohlenstaubes hin stetig vergrößern und durch der Anzahl der Austrittsöffnungen entsprechende Injektorrohre, die relativ zu den jeweiligen Austrittsöffnungen verstellbar sind, gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a pressure application of the material to be conveyed into the conveying device, by one or more outlet openings, which continuously increase in the direction of the coal dust supply, and by the number of outlet openings corresponding injector pipes, which are adjustable relative to the respective outlet openings , solved.

Der Kohlenstaub wird der Fördereinrichtung kontinuierlich zugeführt, wobei die Zufuhröffnungen vorteilhaft mit einem Vorratsbehälter verbunden sind, der unter Druck steht, so daß die kontinuierliche Zuführung gewährleistet ist. Vorteilhaft hat sich weiterhin herausgestellt, den Kohlenstaub in der Auslauföffnung des Vorratsbehälters zu fluidisieren, wodurch Störungen in der kontinuierlichen Zufuhr des Kohlenstaubes zur Fördereinrichtung vermieden sind. In der Fördereinrichtung wird der Kohlenstaub zur Ausgangsöffnung hin bewegt, die durch einen Diffusionskonus verschlossen ist. Dieser Diffusionskonus weist eine oder mehrere Öffnungen auf, an denen die Förderleitungen angeschlossen sind, die den Kohlenstaub zu dem Ofen führen. Diese Öffnungen sind konisch entgegen der Förderöffnung erweitert, so daß ein einwandfreies Strömungsverhalten des Kohlenstaubes in der Fördereinrichtung und in die Förderleitungen erhalten wird. Zum Transport des Kohlenstaubes dienen in den Diffusionskonus mündende Injektorrohre, wobei jeder Austrittsöffnung ein Injektorrohr zugeordnet ist. Der Abstand des vorderen Endes des Injektorrohres relativ zur Austrittsöffnung ist einstellbar, wobei sämtliche Injektorrohre zu den Austrittsöffnungen den gleichen Abstand haben sollten, damit die Fördermenge in den Förderleitungen stets die gleiche ist.The coal dust is fed continuously to the conveyor, the feed openings advantageously being connected to a storage container which is under pressure, so that the continuous feed is ensured. It has also been found to be advantageous to fluidize the coal dust in the outlet opening of the storage container, as a result of which disturbances in the continuous supply of the coal dust to the conveying device are avoided. In the conveyor, the coal dust is moved towards the exit opening, which is closed by a diffusion cone. This diffusion cone has one or more openings to which the delivery lines are connected, which lead the coal dust to the furnace. These openings are flared towards the delivery opening, so that proper flow behavior of the coal dust in the delivery device and in the delivery lines is obtained. Injector tubes which open into the diffusion cone are used to transport the coal dust, an injector tube being assigned to each outlet opening. The distance of the front end of the injector tube relative to the outlet opening is adjustable, with all injector tubes being at the same distance from the outlet openings so that the delivery rate in the delivery lines is always the same.

Was die Fördermenge betrifft, so ist diese zum einen abhängig von dem lichten Durchmesser der Förderleitungen sowie dem Durchmesser und dem Druck des Fördergases in den Injektorleitungen. Die Wahl dieser Parameter bestimmt die maximale Fördermenge je Austrittsöffnung, d. h. je Förderleistung. Die Einstellung der jeweils geförderten Menge Kohlenstaub in einer erfindungsgemäßen Fördereinrichtung erfolgt in zweierlei Weise. Zum einen kann die Menge durch die Größe des Druckes in den Injektorrohren reguliert werden, wobei die Förderung desto kleiner wird je größer der Injektorrohrdruck gewählt wird. Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Verstellung der Fördermenge besteht darin, daß der Abstand der Enden der Injektorrohre von den Austrittsöffnungen verändert wird. Wird der Abstand vergrößert, so wird mehr Kohlenstaub gefördert. Bei einer entsprechenden Verkleinerung wird die Menge reduziert. Mit dieser mechanischen Feineinstellung läßt sich die geförderte Kohlenstaubmenge sehr genau einregulieren.As far as the delivery rate is concerned, this depends on the one hand on the clear diameter of the Delivery lines and the diameter and pressure of the delivery gas in the injector lines. The choice of these parameters determines the maximum flow rate per outlet opening, ie per flow rate. The amount of coal dust conveyed in each case is set in a conveyor device according to the invention in two ways. On the one hand, the amount can be regulated by the size of the pressure in the injector pipes, the smaller the delivery, the greater the selected injector pipe pressure. Another possibility of adjusting the delivery rate is that the distance between the ends of the injector tubes from the outlet openings is changed. If the distance is increased, more coal dust is produced. With a corresponding reduction, the amount is reduced. With this mechanical fine adjustment, the amount of coal dust conveyed can be adjusted very precisely.

Die geförderte Menge ist weiterhin davon abhängig, wie der Aufgabedruck des Kohlenstaubes in die Fördereinrichtung gewählt wird. Für eine konstante Steuerung sollte dieser Aufgabedruck immer gleichmäßig beibehalten werden. Dies wird gemäß der Erfindung z. B. dadurch erreicht, daß die Aufgabe des Kohlenstaubes über einen Druckbehälter erfolgt, wobei in diesem Behälter ein vorbestimmter Druck ständig aufrechterhalten wird.The amount conveyed is also dependent on how the feed pressure of the coal dust is selected in the conveyor. For constant control, this feed pressure should always be maintained evenly. This is according to the invention, for. B. achieved in that the task of coal dust takes place via a pressure vessel, wherein a predetermined pressure is constantly maintained in this container.

Gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung sind die Förderleitungen über eine Bypass-Leitung an eine Druckluftleitung angeschlossen. Diese Bypass-Leitungen dienen dazu, die Förderleitungen dann freizublasen, falls es infolge der Konsistenz des Kohlenstaubes eventuell zu Verstopfungen in der Förderleitung kommen sollte.According to a further proposal of the invention, the delivery lines are connected to a compressed air line via a bypass line. These bypass lines are used to then blow the delivery lines free, should there be any blockages in the delivery line due to the consistency of the coal dust.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gehen aus den Ansprüchen in Verbindung mit Zeichnung und Beschreibung hervor.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the claims in conjunction with the drawing and description.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben, in dieser zeigen :

  • Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung für eine dosierte Förderung von Kohlenstaub im Einsatz bei einem Kupolofen,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt nach Linie A-B in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 einen Längsschnitt durch eine Fördereinrichtung gemäß der Erfindung und
  • Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf die Fördereinrichtung gemäß Fig. 3, teilweise im Schnitt.
An embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which:
  • 1 shows a device according to the invention for the metered conveying of coal dust in use in a cupola furnace,
  • 2 shows a section along line AB in FIG. 1,
  • Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a conveyor according to the invention and
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of the conveyor device of FIG. 3, partly in section.

In Fig. 1 ist die Vorrichtung zur Förderung von Kohlenstaub mit 1 bezeichnet. Diese Vorrichtung besteht aus einem Förderrohr 2, das mit einer seitlich liegenden Einfüllöffnung 3 versehen ist und an seiner Auslaufseite mit einem Diffusionskonus 4 verschlossen ist. Über eine Versorgungsleitung 5 wird der Vorrichtung 1 Druckluft für den Transport des Kohlenstaubes zugeführt.In Fig. 1, the device for conveying coal dust is designated 1. This device consists of a delivery pipe 2, which is provided with a laterally located filling opening 3 and is closed on its outlet side with a diffusion cone 4. Compressed air for transporting the coal dust is supplied to the device 1 via a supply line 5.

Vom Diffusionskonus 4 gehen im Ausführungsbeispiel vier Förderleitungen 6 ab, die hier z. B. zu einem Kupolofen 7 führen und diesen mit dem Kohlenstaub versorgen.From the diffusion cone 4 go in the embodiment four delivery lines 6, which are here z. B. lead to a cupola 7 and supply it with the coal dust.

An der Einfüllöffnung 3 der Vorrichtung 1 ist ein Ventil 8 angeflanscht, auf dessen anderer Seite ein Vorratsbehälter 9 befestigt ist. Dieser Vorratsbehälter 9 nimmt den Kohlenstaub auf, der über eine Einfüllöffnung 10 beschickt wird, die gleichfalls über ein Ventil 11 verschließbar ist. Der Vorratsbehälter 9 ist des weiteren mit einem Entlüftungsventil 12 sowie mit zwei Meßsonden 13 und 14 versehen, über die der Füllstand des Vorratsbehälters 9 mit Kohlenstaub feststellbar ist. Der Vorratsbehälter 9 weist des weiteren einen Anschluß 15 für eine Druckluftleitung 16 auf, in die ein Regelventil 17 zur Steuerung des Druckes eingeschaltet ist. Des weiteren ist in die Druckluftleitung 16 ein Rückschlagventil 18 eingebaut. Über die Druckluftleitung 16 wird der Vorratsbehälter 9 mit Druckluft beaufschlagt, so daß der Kohlenstaub nicht nur aufgrund seines Eigengewichtes, sondern zusätzlich durch den herrschenden Luftdruck nach unten aus dem Behälter 9 herausgedrückt wird.A valve 8 is flanged to the filling opening 3 of the device 1, on the other side of which a storage container 9 is fastened. This storage container 9 receives the coal dust, which is fed through a filling opening 10, which can also be closed via a valve 11. The reservoir 9 is further provided with a vent valve 12 and with two measuring probes 13 and 14, by means of which the fill level of the reservoir 9 can be determined with coal dust. The reservoir 9 further has a connection 15 for a compressed air line 16, into which a control valve 17 is switched on to control the pressure. Furthermore, a check valve 18 is installed in the compressed air line 16. Via the compressed air line 16, the reservoir 9 is pressurized with compressed air, so that the coal dust is pressed out of the container 9 not only due to its own weight, but also due to the prevailing air pressure.

In die Ausflußöffnung 19 des Vorratsbehälters 9 ist des weiteren eine Druckluftzuleitung 20 eingesetzt, über die Druckluft zur Fluidisierung des Kohlenstaubes eingeführt wird, die das Fließvermögen des Kohlenstaubes verbessert. In die Druckluftleitung 20 ist des weiteren ein Rückschlagventil 21 eingebaut. Die Druckluftleitungen 16 und 20 sind über ein Druckregelventil 22 an eine Druckversorgungsleitung 23 angeschlossen.A compressed air supply line 20 is also inserted into the outlet opening 19 of the storage container 9, via which compressed air is introduced for fluidizing the coal dust, which improves the fluidity of the coal dust. A check valve 21 is also installed in the compressed air line 20. The compressed air lines 16 and 20 are connected to a pressure supply line 23 via a pressure control valve 22.

An die gleiche Druckversorgungsleitung 23 ist über ein weiteres Druckregelventil 24 die Versorgungsleitung 5 für die Vorrichtung 1 angeschlossen. Zwischen Druckregelventil 24 und der Vorrichtung 1 ist ein Rückschlagventil 25 eingebaut.The supply line 5 for the device 1 is connected to the same pressure supply line 23 via a further pressure control valve 24. A check valve 25 is installed between the pressure control valve 24 and the device 1.

Des weiteren ist an die Versorgungsleitung 23 eine weitere Druckluftleitung 26 angeschlossen, die mit einem Absperrventil 27 versehen ist. Die Druckluftleitung 26 verzweigt sich in vier Bypass-Leitungen 28, die in den Förderleitungen 6 münden. Die Aufgabe dieser Bypass-Leitungen besteht darin, eventuelle Verstopfungen in den Förderleitungen 6 durch kurzzeitige Aufgabe eines ausreichend hohen Druckes zu beseitigen.Furthermore, a further compressed air line 26, which is provided with a shut-off valve 27, is connected to the supply line 23. The compressed air line 26 branches into four bypass lines 28 which open into the delivery lines 6. The task of these bypass lines is to remove any blockages in the delivery lines 6 by briefly releasing a sufficiently high pressure.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Dosierung der Fördermenge für den Kohlenstaub ist in den Fig. 3 und 4 in vergrößertem Maßstab dargestellt. Gleiche Teile sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Die Fördervorrichtung 1 besteht aus einem Förderrohr 2, das an seiner Hinterseite bis auf eine Bohrung für die Aufnahme der Versorgungsleitung 5 verschlossen ist. Zur druckdichten Abdichtung von Versorgungsleitung 5 und Förderrohr 2 dient eine Stopfbuchse 29. Das Versorgungsrohr 5 ist in dem Förderrohr 2 verschiebbar angeordnet. Das Versorgungsrohr 5 erstreckt sich durch das gesamte Förderrohr 2 bis in den Diffusionskonus 4, der in diesem Beispiel mit vier Austrittsöffnungen 30 versehen ist. Diese Austrittsöffnungen erweitern sich zur Aufgabeseites des Kohlenstaubes hin konisch, so daß sich der Querschnitt zu den Austrittsöffnungen 30 hin stetig verkleinert, bis der lichte Querschnitt der Förderleitungen 6 erreicht ist. An die Versorgungsleitung 5 ist im Bereich des Diffusionskonus ein Verteilerrohr 31 angeschlossen, das mit vier Injektorrohren 32 versehen ist, die den Austrittsöffnungen 30 gegenüberliegend münden. Durch Verschiebung des Versorgungsrohres 5 relativ zum Förderrohr 2 wird gleichfalls der Abstand der Injektorrohre 32 von den Eintrittsöffnungen 30 verändert, so daß hierdurch das Fördervolumen fein eingestellt werden kann. Zur Bestimmung des Abstandes der Injektorrohre 32 von den Austrittsöffnungen 30 ist am Förderrohr 5 eine Meßeinrichtung 33 angebracht, die in einer Buchse 34 geführt ist, die am Förderrohr 2 befestigt ist.The device according to the invention for metering the delivery rate for the coal dust is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 on an enlarged scale. The same parts are provided with the same reference numerals. The conveyor device 1 consists of a conveyor tube 2, which is closed on its rear side except for a bore for receiving the supply line 5. A stuffing box 29 is used for the pressure-tight sealing of supply line 5 and delivery pipe 2. The supply pipe 5 is slidably arranged in the delivery pipe 2. The supply pipe 5 extends through the entire delivery pipe 2 into the diffusion cone 4, which in this example is provided with four outlet openings 30. These outlet openings widen conically towards the feed side of the coal dust, so that the cross section towards the outlet openings 30 decreases continuously until the clear cross section of the delivery lines 6 is reached. In the area of the diffusion cone, a distributor pipe 31 is connected to the supply line 5, which is provided with four injector pipes 32 which provide the outlet openings 30 open opposite. By shifting the supply pipe 5 relative to the delivery pipe 2, the distance of the injector pipes 32 from the inlet openings 30 is also changed so that the delivery volume can be finely adjusted. To determine the distance of the injector pipes 32 from the outlet openings 30, a measuring device 33 is attached to the delivery pipe 5, which is guided in a bushing 34 which is attached to the delivery pipe 2.

Die Einfüllöffnung 3 ist radial am Förderrohr 2 angeordnet und mit einem Ventil 8 verschlossen, das einen Flansch 35 für die Befestigung an dem Vorratsbehälter 9 aufweist. Dieses Ventil 8 dient zur Absperrung des Zustroms von Kohlenstaub. Dieses Ventil 8 wird immer dann geschlossen, wenn der Vorratsbehälter 9 neu beschickt wird. In der hierfür kurzen benötigten Zeitspanne wird die Versorgung dadurch aufrecht erhalten, daß der Kohlenstaub aus der Vorrichtung 1 entnommen wird.The filling opening 3 is arranged radially on the delivery pipe 2 and closed with a valve 8 which has a flange 35 for attachment to the storage container 9. This valve 8 serves to shut off the influx of coal dust. This valve 8 is always closed when the reservoir 9 is loaded again. In the short period of time required for this, the supply is maintained by removing the coal dust from the device 1.

Die Vorrichtung arbeitet wie folgt. Der Kohlenstaub wird aus einem Bunker in den Vorratsbehälter 9 eingeführt, wobei über das Entlüftungsventil 12 eine Entlüftung des Vorratsbehälters 9 eintritt. Nach dem Füllen des Vorratsbehälters 9 wird das ' Ventil 11 geschlossen und Druck in den Vorratsbehälter 9 über die Leitung 16 aufgebaut. Anschließend wird das Ventil 8 geöffnet, so daß der Kohlenstaub aus dem Vorratsbehälter 9 über die Einfüllöffnung 3 in das Förderrohr 2 der Vorrichtung 1 eintreten kann. Die geförderte Menge hängt zum einen vom Druck im Vorratsbehälter 9 ab und zum anderen vom Druck in der Versorgungsleitung bzw. in den Injektorröhren 32 ab und des weiteren vom Abstand der Injektorrohre von den Austrittsöffnungen 30. Je größer der Druck in den Injektorrohren gewählt wird, desto kleiner ist die geförderte Menge. Des weiteren wird die geförderte Menge an Kohlenstaub größer, je größer der Abstand der Injektorrohre 32 von den Austrittsöffnungen 30 ist. Der Injektordruck wird im übrigen so eingestellt, daß in den Förderleitungen 6 eine sogenannte Flugförderung eintritt, d. h. daß sich der geförderte Kohlenstaub nicht in diesen Leitungen ablagern kann. Aus den Leitungen 6 tritt der Kohlenstaub in Leitungsabschnitte 36 mit einem größeren Querschnitt ein, die als sogenannte Dekomprimierungseinheiten wirken, so daß die Geschwindigkeit des Kohlenstaubes hierdurch vermindert wird und dieser gleichmäßig in den Kupolofen 7 eingeblasen wird. Um eine gleichmäßige Einbringung des Kohlenstaubes in den Kupolofen 7 zu gewährleisten, ist es darüberhinaus erforderlich, daß die Förderleitungen 6 gleichlang ausgebildet sind.The device works as follows. The coal dust is introduced into the storage container 9 from a bunker, wherein the ventilation of the storage container 9 occurs via the ventilation valve 12. After the reservoir 9 has been filled, the valve 11 is closed and pressure in the reservoir 9 is built up via the line 16. The valve 8 is then opened so that the coal dust from the storage container 9 can enter the feed pipe 2 of the device 1 via the fill opening 3. The amount delivered depends on the one hand on the pressure in the storage container 9 and on the other hand on the pressure in the supply line or in the injector tubes 32 and also on the distance of the injector tubes from the outlet openings 30. The greater the pressure in the injector tubes is chosen, the more the amount subsidized is smaller. Furthermore, the amount of coal dust conveyed increases, the greater the distance between the injector tubes 32 and the outlet openings 30. The injector pressure is otherwise set so that a so-called flight promotion occurs in the delivery lines 6, d. H. that the extracted coal dust cannot be deposited in these lines. From the lines 6, the coal dust enters line sections 36 with a larger cross section, which act as so-called decompression units, so that the speed of the coal dust is thereby reduced and this is blown uniformly into the cupola furnace 7. In order to ensure a uniform introduction of the coal dust into the cupola 7, it is also necessary that the delivery lines 6 are of the same length.

Die maximale Durchsatzmenge einer Fördervorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung wird durch den Querschnitt der Förderleitungen, der Austrittsöffnungen sowie dem Druck und dem Durchmesser der Injektorrohre bestimmt. Die Dosierung, d. h. die minimalen Mengenänderungen, hängen zum einen von der Wahl der Querschnitte ab. In jedem Fall ist die Mengenänderung grammweise möglich. Die Versuche haben gezeigt, daß im Bereich von 0,1 kg/min bis 20 kg/min eine Mengenänderung im vorgenannten Rahmen zuverlässig gegeben ist. Dieses höchst genau dosierte Einblasen von Kohlenstaub in Öfen gewährleistet eine erhebliche Energieeinsparung, da hier die bisher üblichen Heizmittel wie Gas, Öl und Koks in erheblichem Umfange substituiert werden können.The maximum throughput of a conveying device according to the invention is determined by the cross section of the conveying lines, the outlet openings and the pressure and the diameter of the injector pipes. The dosage, i.e. H. the minimal changes in quantity depend on the one hand on the choice of cross-sections. In any case, the quantity change is possible in grams. The tests have shown that in the range from 0.1 kg / min to 20 kg / min there is a reliable change in quantity within the aforementioned range. This very precisely metered blowing of coal dust into furnaces ensures considerable energy savings, since here the usual heating agents such as gas, oil and coke can be substituted to a considerable extent.

Claims (14)

1. A device for the metered transportation of powdered matter, more particularly coal dust, e. g. to furnaces, more particularly for small and minuscule quantities, having a feed opening for the matter to be transported, a diffusion cone (4) sealing the transport device on the outlet side, with at least one outlet opening (30) for the matter to be transported, having injector tubes (32) which penetrate the transport device, are used to supply pressure gas and are arranged so as to face the outlet openings (30), characterised by pressure delivery to the transport device (2) of the matter to be transported, via one or more outlet openings (30) which steadily increase in size in the opposite direction to the direction of travel of the coal dust, and via injector tubes (31) corresponding to the number of outlet openings (30) displaceable relative to the respective outlet openings (30).
2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the injector tubes (32) are connected to a common distributor tube (31) which is fed by a central supply tube (5) penetrating the transport device along its length.
3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the feed opening (3) for the coal dust supply is radial to the supply pipe in the transport device (2).
4. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the supply pipe (5) is displaceably mounted in a guide (27) of the transport device (2).
5. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that to each outlet opening (30) a transport line (6) can be connected, which is connected to controllable by-pass lines (28).
6. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the transport lines (6) are connected to supply lines (36) having a larger section than the transport lines (6).
7. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the pressure in the supply line (5) is adjustable.
8. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the feed opening (3) for the coal dust can be sealed by a valve (8).
9. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the feed opening (3) is provided with a flange (35) for connecting a supply container (9) for the coal dust.
10. A device according to claim 9, characterised in that the supply container (9) is a pressure tank.
11. A device according to either of claims 9 or 10, characterised in that the supply container is connected to a controllable line (16) for the pressure gas supply.
12. A device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterised in that a second controllable pressure gas supply line (20) discharges into the outlet opening (19).
13. A device according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterised in that the container is provided with a sealable feed opening (10).
14. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that non-return valves (18, 21, 25) are built into the lines carrying the pressure gas.
EP84106831A 1984-06-15 1984-06-15 Solution for replenishing the salt content of molten-salt baths Expired EP0164437B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8484106831T DE3466019D1 (en) 1984-06-15 1984-06-15 Solution for replenishing the salt content of molten-salt baths
EP84106831A EP0164437B1 (en) 1984-06-15 1984-06-15 Solution for replenishing the salt content of molten-salt baths
AT84106831T ATE29528T1 (en) 1984-06-15 1984-06-15 SOLUTION FOR SUPPLEMENTING THE SALT CONTENT OF MOLTEN SALT BATHS.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP84106831A EP0164437B1 (en) 1984-06-15 1984-06-15 Solution for replenishing the salt content of molten-salt baths

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EP0164437A1 EP0164437A1 (en) 1985-12-18
EP0164437B1 true EP0164437B1 (en) 1987-09-09

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AT (1) ATE29528T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3466019D1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE69117927T2 (en) * 1991-04-02 1996-08-01 Unitika Ltd Process for treating a molten salt bath

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1477220A (en) * 1966-04-25 1967-04-14 Kolene Corp Method and composition for cleaning metals
US4109897A (en) * 1976-04-05 1978-08-29 Ajax Electric Company Salt reclamation system
DE2633772A1 (en) * 1976-07-28 1978-02-02 Degussa PROCEDURE FOR THE REMOVAL OF HARDENED AND GALVANIC WASTE
US4113511A (en) * 1977-01-17 1978-09-12 Shoemaker Robert H Liquid additions to fused chemical baths
US4455251A (en) * 1982-09-20 1984-06-19 Kolene Corporation Aqueous solution of alkali metal compositions

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ATE29528T1 (en) 1987-09-15
EP0164437A1 (en) 1985-12-18
DE3466019D1 (en) 1987-10-15

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