EP0163520B1 - Procédé et dispositif de fabrication des paliers à glissement - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de fabrication des paliers à glissement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0163520B1
EP0163520B1 EP19850303751 EP85303751A EP0163520B1 EP 0163520 B1 EP0163520 B1 EP 0163520B1 EP 19850303751 EP19850303751 EP 19850303751 EP 85303751 A EP85303751 A EP 85303751A EP 0163520 B1 EP0163520 B1 EP 0163520B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
strip
die
forming
cylindrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19850303751
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0163520A2 (fr
EP0163520A3 (en
Inventor
Nigel Henry New
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AE PLC
Original Assignee
AE PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB848413761A external-priority patent/GB8413761D0/en
Priority claimed from GB848413760A external-priority patent/GB8413760D0/en
Application filed by AE PLC filed Critical AE PLC
Priority to AT85303751T priority Critical patent/ATE32842T1/de
Publication of EP0163520A2 publication Critical patent/EP0163520A2/fr
Publication of EP0163520A3 publication Critical patent/EP0163520A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0163520B1 publication Critical patent/EP0163520B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/10—Making other particular articles parts of bearings; sleeves; valve seats or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
    • B21C37/0807—Tube treating or manipulating combined with, or specially adapted for use in connection with tube making machines, e.g. drawing-off devices, cutting-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
    • B21C37/0818—Manufacture of tubes by drawing of strip material through dies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of plain bearings, particularly semi-cylindrical shells and cylindrical bushes.
  • Some of the known methods of forming semi-cylindrical bearing shells include coining or bend punching. These methods suffer the disadvantage that it is often difficult to avoid an increased thickness along the axial edges. Furthermore, if an overlay is required, this can only be applied in practice after the forming operation and therefore requires a relatively complicated jigging and plating operation.
  • a method of manufacturing plain bearings from a bearing strip (11) in the form of a metal backing (12) having a lining (13) of bearing material comprising forming the strip into a cylindrical tube or part-cylindrical form (29) and subsequently cutting formed strip (29) to the required lengths, characterised in that the forming step comprises drawing the strip (11) through a forming die (14).
  • the leading end of the strip may be preformed to allow itto enterthe die and the die and strip may be subjected to ultrasonic vibration in order to assist its passing through the die, though this is not essential. However, if high reductions are required, 50% ultrasonic vibration could be used to reduce the load and hence reduce the possibility of the tube fracturing.
  • the length of the die may be relatively short, for example from 2 to 5 times the diameter of the finished tube, but for larger sizes the length may be as little as the diameter.
  • the method comprises passing the strip through a tube rolling apparatus and subsequently drawing the rolled strip through a die. The formed strip is then cut to the required lengths.
  • Such methods may be capable of producing very large quantities of bearings at a very high rate to an accuracy which is expected to be higherthan that normally achieved by coined bushes and without the need to resort to expensive progressive machine tooling.
  • the strip may be finished to size on the internal and external diameter.
  • the backing may be steel, copper, bronze, aluminium or an alloy of aluminium.
  • the lining may be a soft metal alloy such as aluminium/tin, aluminium/lead, copper/lead, aluminium/silicon/ tin, aluminium/silicon/zinc or may be a plastics material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyphenylene sulphide (PPS), polyetherether- ketone (PEEK), or alloys of these materials e.g. PTFE/PEEK/graphite/bronze.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PPS polyphenylene sulphide
  • PEEK polyetherether- ketone
  • Other materials may of course be used for the backing and for the lining and the lining may be coated with an overlay.
  • the formed strip may be fully cylindrical or partly cylindrical, in particular semi-cylindrical.
  • semi-cylindrical form two sections are preferably drawn through the die togetherto form a cylindrical tube.
  • a major advantage of drawing two halves together as a tube is that it allows simple circular tooling and the possibility of finishing to wall and peripheral length in one operation.
  • the method may produce close wall tolerance half bearings to finished wall thickness without creating joint face swell, thus allowing for thinner linings and may be capable of operating at high production rates.
  • Another advantage of this method may be the elimination of jigging and plating of the half bearings since the option of strip plating or casting on an overlay is viable.
  • the rolling apparatus preferably comprises a series of tube forming mill stands. There may be as few as three or as many as fifteen or more, particularly in the case of relatively thick-walled, fully cylindrical bushes. Not all of the rollers in the roll stands need be driven and so some or all may be idler rolls, though these may have a shaping function.
  • the apparatus may also include a device for attaching a tab or other protrusion to the outside of the formed strip which can serve, in the finished bearing, as a means for accurately locating the bearing in its housing.
  • the tab may be attached by any suitable means such as stud-welding, spot welding, electron beam or laser beam welding, or by an adhesive.
  • the attachment operation can be carried out simply and at accurate spacings as the formed strip leaves the forming apparatus prior to severance. Such an operation is easier to perform than the presently generally used operation in which a nick is punched from the inner surface of formed bearings, and lends itself to the process of the invention since separate formed bearings do not need to be accurately positioned individually for the operation to be performed. Furthermore, the bearing surface of the formed bearing remains unaffected.
  • the strip may be drawn to form the finally formed tube in a closed pass, in which the final sizing/shaping die includes an internal mandrel, or in an open pass, in which the die has no internal mandrel.
  • the strip may be lubricated prior to drawing.
  • the die is preferably a cylindrical carbide die with a conical inlet form over an internal plug. Constraining both inner and outer surface whilst carrying out cold work, may be the means by which high wall thickness tolerances can be achieved.
  • the initial and replacement tooling cost can be quite low and since wear of the carbide die is slow it tends to have a long life. As the die reaches top limit it can be refurbished for the next larger size so increasing its useful life further.
  • the finished blanks are severed by means of cutting rollers having helical cutting edges, which are causes to rotate about the formed tube thus pulling the tube past the cutting rollers and progressively severing the finished blanks.
  • parting off the tube could be achieved by bar feed autos.
  • the tube may first pass through a die in an open pass that causes the outside diameter of the tube to be reduced, though the bore may still be larger than that of the final bush.
  • the tube may then be drawn through a second die in a closed pass, i.e. with an internal mandrel. The outside diameter may thus be reduced further and the bore constrained by the mandrel.
  • the tube may be drawn by a system of two continuously reciprocating jaws which grip the tube alternately; these may be driven by hydraulic rams to give continuous motion.
  • the tube may be cut into lengths by means of a flying saw. These may be accelerated away and transferred to a run-out table. Subsequently they may be formed into bushes of the required length.
  • the invention also extends to apparatus as defined in claim 9 for carrying out a method in accordance with the invention.
  • a bearing strip 11 comprising a steel backing 12 and a lining 13 of copper/lead is introduced to a carbide die 14 located in a steel housing (not shown) and drawn through by means to be discussed in more detail below.
  • the die 14 has a tapered entry portion 15 which tapers down to a cylindrical final forming surface 16.
  • An elongate plug or mandrel 17 is located in the bore thus defined and is fixed relative to the die 14. Although shown as extending beyond the upstream end of the die 14, the mandrel 17 may begin within the die 14.
  • the die 14 and plug 17 are polished to a high finish.
  • Ultrasonic vibration apparatus 18 is located around the die which may optionally be used to assist in the passage of the strip 11 through the die 14.
  • the die 14 is mounted on a draw bench 21.
  • a gripper unit 22 having self-gripping jaws shown diagrammatically at 23 grips the end of the tube form 29 and is pulled along the draw bench 21 by suitable means such as a hook 24 the gripper unit 22 engaging a draw chain 25 in the draw bench 21. Drawing speeds of perhaps 5 to about 30 metres per minute may be achieved with such an arrangement.
  • a tab attachment device -130 may be provided.
  • the tube 29 so produced is cut to the desired length to give finished bushes.
  • a drawing rate of 5.5m/min it should be possible to produce 15,000 bushes per hour of 20mm nominal length with 5% allowance for parting off etc. There is no indication, however, that this is the maximum drawing speed attainable.
  • the mechanism comprises a cylindrical frame 41 which houses three equi-spaced cutting rollers 42.
  • the frame 41 is rotatably mounted about its axis on idle wheels 43 and the cutting rollers 42 are rotatable mounted in the frame 41 about axes generally parallel to that of the frame 41 in bearings 44.
  • the cutting rollers 42 are each formed with a helical cutting edge 45 whose pitch is equal to the desired length ofthefinished bushes 34.
  • the depth of each cutting edge 45 gradually increases along its length until it is slightly greater than the thickness of the strip 11.
  • the finished tube in its final cylindrical form 29 is introduced along the axis of the frame 41 and between the three cutting rollers 42 until it encounters the cutting edges 45.
  • the frame 41 is rotated on the idle wheels 43 by means of a toothed belt (not shown) co-operating with a rack 46 extending around the perimeter of the frame 41.
  • This causes the cutting rollers to travel around the tube 29 and to rotate about their axes thus drawing the tube 29 in the direction of arrow A in Figure 4.
  • the tube encounters the shallowest part of the cutting edges 45 and as it progresses through the frame 41 the cutting edges 45 bite deeper until a finished blank 34 is severed.
  • the cutting edges 45 may be of constant depth but the cutting rollers may be inclined with respect to the axis of the frame 41 so that the extent of their penetration increases as the tube is drawn through the frame 41.
  • a pair of -preforming rollers may be employed upstream of the die 14 to give a small amount of curvature to . the strip 11 to aid drawing.
  • the finished tube or bushes may be split. More preferably, however a pair of half strips are fed to the die 14, one on either side of the plug 17. These are then drawn together to form effectively a cylindrical tube in two halves which can then be cut to length as required.
  • a strip of bimetal 1.5mm thick comprising a steel backing lined with an alloy of copper 70% and lead 30% was slit to a width of 62mm. The end was swaged and was then inserted into a highly polished carbide die located in a steel housing, the die having a tapering entry portion followed by a cylindrical final form. The diameter of the die was 19.44mm and a polished steel plug having a diameter of 16.74mm was located in the die, around which the swaged strip was located.
  • the strip was gripped on the far side of the die by a self-gripping device in a gripper unit mounted on a draw bench.
  • the gripper unit was pulled by a chain driven by an electric motor at 5.5m/min and the passage of the strip through the die was assisted by an EP lubricating oil. Individual bushes were cut from the tube produced.
  • Example 1 the procedure of Example 1 was repeated but two similar strips 31 mm wide were swaged and introduced into the die. After drawing, individual half-bushes were cut off and again both internal and external surfaces exhibited a high finish.
  • a bearing strip 111 comprising a steel backing 112 and a lining 113 of copper/lead is passed through successive roll stands 114, 115, 116, 117.
  • the strip is formed in four corresponding stages 124, 125, 126, 127 to a cylindrical form 127 which is practically closed, having only a small gap 128.
  • the upper roll engages the lining surface 113 and the lower roll acts on the backing 112 to bend particularly the outer edges of the strip 111 to form the curved section shown as 124.
  • the upper roll again engages the lining surface 113 and the lower roll on the backing 112, but in this case, the upper roll bends the centre of the bent strip 124, forming it further to the section 125.
  • the rolls are arranged horizontally and both act on the backing surface 112, thus bending the strip 111 to the near cylindrical section 126.
  • the two rolls combine to close the section 126 into the almost fully cylindrical form 127, leaving only a small gap 128.
  • the final forming and sizing stage comprises a die 131 having an internal mandrel 132.
  • the almost cylindrical form 127 is passed through the die 131 while the mandrel 132 effectively passes along the inside of the almost cylindrical form 127, though of course, the mandrel 132 is maintained stationary with respect to the die 131, by means of a wire or chain 135 which is secured to the apparatus, possibly via a pulley 136 or the like, located somewhere between the second roll stand 115 and the fourth roll stand 117 as shown diagrammatically at 137.
  • the mandrel 132 is secured to a bar which is attached to the apparatus via a screw thread connection for adjustability. This is then cut at 133 to the required lengths, given the finished bushes 134.
  • the severing mechanism may be similar to that described with reference to Figures 3 and 4.
  • the apparatus comprises a sinking die 212, a drawing die 213 and a mandrel 214 supported by a shaft 215 so that it is operatively located within the drawing die 213.
  • the partly-formed tube 211 passes through the sinking die 212 which causes the outside diameter to be reduced, though the internal diameter is still larger than the required bore of the finished bushes.
  • the tube 211 is then drawn through the drawing die 213 and over the mandrel 214.
  • the outside diameter is reduced still further but the internal diameter is constrained by the mandrel 214. This leads to cold work being performed on the tube enabling closer tolerances to be maintained.
  • the tube 211 may be drawn by an alternative form of drawing apparatus illustrated schematically in Figures 11 to 15 in which motion of the tube 211 is in the direction of the arrow C in Figure 11.
  • the apparatus comprises a pair of crossheads fitted with clamping jaws 221, 222 arranged to grip the formed tube 211.
  • the crossheads and jaws 221, 222 are driven reciprocally by a pair of hydraulic rams (not shown).
  • the gripping and releasing of the tube by the jaws 221, 222 are synchronised with respect to their motion to produce continuous linear movement of the tube 211.
  • the tube 211 is gripped by the jaw 221 as it is moving to the right.
  • jaw 222- has released the tube 211.
  • the jaw 221 pulls the tube 211 to the right as shown in Figure 12 while the jaw 222 moves to the left.
  • the jaw 222 then reverses its direction and grips the tube 211 as shown in Figure 13, and the jaw 221 releases the tube 211.
  • the jaw 222 continues to pull the tube 211 to the right while the jaw 221 moves to the left as shown in Figure 14.
  • the jaw 221 reverses its direction and grips the tube 211, and the jaw 222 releases the tube 211.
  • a flying saw 223 is provided as shown schematically in Figure 13.
  • the saw 223 is mounted on a linear bearing slide 224 and is arranged to cut the tube 211 into lengths of for example 3 metres on the fly.
  • Saw jaws 225, 226 are arranged to grip the tube 211 on each side of the saw 223 causing the saw unit to travel with the tube whereupon the saw 223 cuts the tube 211.
  • a pair of accelerator rolls (not shown) move the cut lengths away onto a run-out table. In the meantime, the saw 223 resets and returns to its start position.
  • This system can produce tube at a rate of 15m/ min with a wall thickness tolerance of 0.025mm or better.
  • the strip is first tapered to a point and a drawbar is welded to this end.
  • the drawbar is inched through the machine by the second jaws 222 until the formed tube 211 has passed the first jaw 221.
  • the first jaw 221 is then made to grip the tube 211 and the tube 211 is inched forward, while the second jaw 222 is inched back, until the drawbar has passed the saw 223.
  • the operator can then cut off the drawbar and the leading end of the tube 211 and begin normal operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Procédé pour fabriquer des paliers à glissement à partir d'une bande de matière de palier (11) ayant la forme d'une base en métal (12) portant une garniture (13) en matière antifriction, ce procédé consistant à façonner la bande en un tube cylindrique ou en un objet en partie cylindrique (29) et à couper ultérieurement la bande façonnée (29) aux longueurs requises, caractérisé en ce que l'opération de façonnage comprend un étirage de la bande (11) à travers une filière de façonnage (14).
2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, lors du démarrage, l'extrémité antérieure de la bande est préfaçonnée de manière à lui permettre de pénétrer dans la filière (14) et la filière (14) ainsi que la bande (11) sont alors soumises à des vibrations ultrasoniques pendant le façonnage afin de faciliter le passage de la bande (11) à travers la filière (14).
3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'avant son passage à travers la filière (131), la bande (111) est passée à travers un appareil à laminer des tubes ayant la forme d'une série de cages de façonnage de tubes (114, 115, 116, 117).
4. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la bande amenée à la filière est en deux parties, de sorte que deux sections sont étirées ensemble à travers la filière pour former un tube cylindrique en deux moitiés.
5. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'opération de façonnage à la filière consiste à faire passer le tube à travers une première filière (212) dans une cannelure ouverte, puis à faire passer le tube à travers une seconde filière (213) dans une cannelure fermée.
6. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tube (211) est étiré par un système de deux mâchoires (221, 222) animées continuellement d'un mouvement de va-et-vient qui agrippent le tube (211) en alternance.
7. Procédé suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le tube (211) est coupé en tronçons au moyen d'une scie volante (223).
8. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les ébauches finies (34) sont sectionnées à l'aide de molettes (42) comportant des tranchants hélicoïdaux (45) qui sont mus en rotation autour du tube (29) façonné, ce qui fait progresser le tube (29) en regard des molettes (42) et sectionne progressivement les ébauches finies (34).
9. Appareil pour façonner des paliers à glissement (134) à partir d'une bande de matrière de palier (111) comprenant une base métallique (112) et une garniture (113) en matière antifriction, qui comprend un mécanisme façonneur propre à façonner le tube en un objet cylindrique ou en partie cylindrique et un mécanisme sectionneur (133) propre à sectionner le tube façonné (129) en des tronçons (134), caractérisé en ce le mécanisme façonneur comprend un poste de laminage de tube (114, 115, 116, 117) propre à laminer la bande en un objet de forme en partie cylindrique (127), un poste de façonnage à la filière (131) propre à amener la bande laminée (127) à une configuration cylindrique étirée finale (129) et un mécanisme d'étirage propre à étirer la bande à travers les postes de laminage de tube et de façonnage à la filière.
10. Appareil suivant la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le poste de laminage de tube comprend plusieurs cages de façonnage de tube (114, 115, 116, 117).
11. Appareil suivant la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que le poste de façonnage à la filière comprend une filière à cannelure ouverte (212) et une filière suivante à cannelure fermée (213).
12. Appareil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme d'étirage comprend deux mâchoires (221, 222) animées continuellement d'un mouvement de va-et-vient et propres à agripper la bande étirée (211) en alternance.
13. Appareil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme sectionneur est une scie volante (223) propre à se déplacer en synchronisme avec la bande étirée (211) pendant son opération de sectionnement.
14. Appareil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 13, caractérisé par des rouleaux accélérateurs propres à transporter les longueurs sectionnées de bande façonnée sur une table d'évacuation.
15. Appareil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 14, caractérisé par un dispositif destiné à attacher une patte à la surface extérieure de la bande façonnée.
EP19850303751 1984-05-30 1985-05-29 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication des paliers à glissement Expired EP0163520B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85303751T ATE32842T1 (de) 1984-05-30 1985-05-29 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von gleitlagern.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848413761A GB8413761D0 (en) 1984-05-30 1984-05-30 Manufacturing plain bearings
GB8413761 1984-05-30
GB8413760 1984-05-30
GB848413760A GB8413760D0 (en) 1984-05-30 1984-05-30 Manufacturing plain bearings

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0163520A2 EP0163520A2 (fr) 1985-12-04
EP0163520A3 EP0163520A3 (en) 1986-08-13
EP0163520B1 true EP0163520B1 (fr) 1988-03-09

Family

ID=26287795

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850303751 Expired EP0163520B1 (fr) 1984-05-30 1985-05-29 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication des paliers à glissement

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0163520B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4305385A (fr)
BR (1) BR8502570A (fr)
DE (1) DE3561791D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8607771A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113441562A (zh) * 2021-07-01 2021-09-28 兴化市顺杰高温合金制品有限公司 一种电阻丝加工用粗拉装置

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE764512C (de) * 1937-01-13 1952-09-22 Ver Deutsche Metallwerke Ag Lagerschale und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US2387051A (en) * 1942-04-24 1945-10-16 Bead Chain Mfg Co Method of making tubing
DE967924C (de) * 1951-09-18 1957-12-27 Hoeveler & Dieckhaus Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stahlverbund-Gleitlagern
CH434169A (fr) * 1963-06-21 1967-04-30 Aeroprojects Inc Procédé d'étirage d'un article de section constante et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre
AT246082B (de) * 1964-09-08 1966-03-25 Verfahren zur Erleichterung spanloser Ziehverformung durch Ultraschall
US3397445A (en) * 1965-09-30 1968-08-20 Ulmer Method of making bimetal tubing
GB1473384A (en) * 1973-04-25 1977-05-11 Stephanois Rech Mec Bearing and method for manufacturing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3561791D1 (en) 1988-04-14
AU4305385A (en) 1985-12-05
BR8502570A (pt) 1986-02-04
EP0163520A2 (fr) 1985-12-04
ES8607771A1 (es) 1986-06-01
ES543685A0 (es) 1986-06-01
EP0163520A3 (en) 1986-08-13

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