EP0162528B1 - Lichtkasten zur Herstellung einer Hintergrundbeleuchtung mit der Dichte eines mit diesem Lichtkasten zu betrachtenden Transparentes mit lokal angepassten Helligkeitswerten - Google Patents

Lichtkasten zur Herstellung einer Hintergrundbeleuchtung mit der Dichte eines mit diesem Lichtkasten zu betrachtenden Transparentes mit lokal angepassten Helligkeitswerten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0162528B1
EP0162528B1 EP85200802A EP85200802A EP0162528B1 EP 0162528 B1 EP0162528 B1 EP 0162528B1 EP 85200802 A EP85200802 A EP 85200802A EP 85200802 A EP85200802 A EP 85200802A EP 0162528 B1 EP0162528 B1 EP 0162528B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screen
transparency
photosensitive
light source
detection means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85200802A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0162528A1 (de
Inventor
Ronald Jan Geluk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Optische Industrie de Oude Delft NV
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Optische Industrie de Oude Delft NV
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Publication of EP0162528A1 publication Critical patent/EP0162528A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/02—Viewing or reading apparatus
    • G02B27/022—Viewing apparatus
    • G02B27/024—Viewing apparatus comprising a light source, e.g. for viewing photographic slides, X-ray transparancies
    • G02B27/026—Viewing apparatus comprising a light source, e.g. for viewing photographic slides, X-ray transparancies and a display device, e.g. CRT, LCD, for adding markings or signs or to enhance the contrast of the viewed object

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an assembly for viewing a transparency such as an X-ray photograph positioned in front of a light emitting screen and a light source means being capable of forming light emission at controlled locations and of controlled intensity on said screen; and comprising means for controlling the light source means to make the screen emit light in accordance with a two-dimensional pattern corresponding to local densities of the transparency and comprising a photosensitive detection means for scanning the transparency; and a control device connected to the photosensitive detection means and the light source means.
  • a transparency is disposed in front of or on the light emitting screen.
  • the photograph on the transparency is disposed on the screen, which screen provides a substantially uniform background illumination.
  • the luminous flux incident per unit of film area should be relatively high, for example 1000 to 10000 lux.
  • this prior art assembly has a technical disadvantage. This lies in the requirement for the photosensitive detection means to have a fixed directional orientation and mounting position before the screen during the viewing process in order to continuously view the entire screen. Consequently, a certain volumetric area in front of the screen is inaccessible for any physical means. This is because undesired "shadows" in the image to be viewed are to be avoided because such "shadows" cause the beam to produce areas having an undesired high brightness. For example, physical means, such as a stick or finger used to indicate a specific portion of the photographic image, leads to such an undesired shadow. Further with the above prior art assembly it is impossible for an observer to bring his eyes closely in front of the screen for close inspection of the X-ray photograph under examination.
  • An assembly thus claimed inherently has the characteristic to remove the photosensitive detection means from the area in front of the screen after having initially detected and determined the "pixel" brightness levels of the photographic image to be viewed.
  • the present invention enables an observer to instantaneously view a transparency, such as an X-ray photograph being positioned in front of the viewing screen, without any of the restrictions as have been described in connection with the afore-mentioned prior art.
  • An assembly to which the present invention relates comprises a controllable light source capable of forming a light spot of controllable location and intensity on a screen, which screen serves as the background for a transparency to be viewed, such as a transparent plate-, sheet- or film-shaped image bearing medium.
  • a controllable light source capable of forming a light spot of controllable location and intensity on a screen, which screen serves as the background for a transparency to be viewed, such as a transparent plate-, sheet- or film-shaped image bearing medium.
  • a 67 cm television picture tube designated by 1 in Fig. 1 may be used for this purpose.
  • a transparent screen 2 operative as a diffusor is mounted in front of the face plate of tube 1.
  • the electron beam scans the face plate at a rate of, for example, 50 rasters per second, resulting in a substantially uniform illumination of the face plate.
  • the beam intensity is constant and has a value to illuminate the film placed on screen 2 at a normal level of illumination.
  • An assembly of the invention is further provided with a random access image memory 4.
  • the arrangement and the number of the locations of this image memory are decisive of a matrix division of the screen and the image to be viewed.
  • the screen and the image are divided into a plurality of rows and columns defining a number of elementary regions (pixels) corresponding to the number of locations (addresses) of the image memory.
  • the (average) brightness more in particular the transmission level value of each of these elementary regions or pixels is measured.
  • This procedure can be qualified as the pick-up mode.
  • a photosensitive detector 5 is placed in front of the transparency.
  • this detector is in the form of an easily manipulable rod having a photosensitive strip of a length adapted to the width of the transparency to be viewed.
  • each one of the locations of the image memory With an image signal representative of the average brightness (transmission value) of an elementary region or pixel of the imaginary matrix overlying the transparency.
  • the image memory has a "depth" of, for example, 5 bits, so that one of 32 different image brightness levels can be stored at each memory location.
  • the matrix in question has a format of 100x100, so that an image to be viewed is divided into 10000 pixels.
  • Each one of the thus-stored image signals b can be transformed by a suitable function f(b).
  • the resultant control signals f(b) are then used for modulating the electron beam of tube 1 during the illumination mode succeeding the pick-up mode.
  • the light spot formed on the face plate and the diffusor screen 2 by the scanning electron beam is modulated accordingly, so that a background illumination is achieved that is adjusted to the density range of the transparency, which results in enhanced viewability of the transparency.
  • either the intensity or the velocity of the electron beam and hence the light spot can be modulated in dependence upon the control signals.
  • Velocity modulation is preferred as it permits maintaining the intensity of the electron beam and hence the light spot at an optimally favourable, substantially constant value, with the contrast range being essentially determined by the beam velocity modulation range.
  • a detector having a photosensitive surface area sufficient to cover the entire transparency need only be mounted opposite to the transparency for filling the image memory with the signals representative of the observed image.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of an embodiment of the invention in which the above- described principle of velocity modulation is used.
  • These code signals are used to control a programmable frequency divider 8, which are driven from the main clock 7.
  • This frequency divider is so arranged that the dividing ratio, for example a power of 2, is determined by the code presented from converter 6.
  • the respective one frequency f u is a measure for the average brightness of a respective pixel.
  • Frequency signals f u produced at the output of the divider are applied to an address generator 9. This address generator 9 is arranged for allocating the locations of the image memory 4 in dependence upon the instantaneous position of the light spot formed by the electron beam on diffusor screen 2.
  • a memory location allocated by generator 9 is then filled via the write-in path is with a 5-bit pattern defined by the control frequency f u applied to generator 9 and hence by the average brightness of the pixel corresponding with the allocated memory address.
  • a deflection generator 10 for realizing horizontal (x-direction) and vertical (y-direction) electron beam deflection is preferably so arranged that the face plate of the tube is scanned in accordance with zigzag-shaped rasters, in other words without flyback blanking, preferably at a rate of more than 50 rasters per second.
  • This deflection generator is further fed back, in a manner not specified, to address generator 9 so that each position of the electron beam and hence that of the light spot formed thereby on diffusor screen 2 is translated by this address generator into an address of image memory 4 which corresponds with that position.
  • the detector may be provided with a second photosensitive strip 5' extending parallel to photosensitive strip 5.
  • the two photosensitive detector strips 5 and 5' are combined into a structural unit. When this unit is moved past the transparency, the light spot performing the zigzag scanning movement (from left to right and vice versa in the drawing) can be caused to remain captured within the region bounded by the two photosensitive detector strips 5 and 5'.
  • the signals derived from the two detector strips 5 and 5' can (after each having been integrated in an appropriate manner) be compared to each other.
  • deflection generator 10 is so controlled that the electron beam and hence the light spot is reset to a starting position which is preferably related to the position of the light spot at the moment it left the region.
  • the detector can be put aside and the illumination mode can be initiated.
  • the image memory is read out via the read-out path u s .
  • the light spot positions are again translated by address generator 9 into image memory addresses (locations), and a thus-allocated memory address is read out via path u s .
  • the resultantly obtained brightness value associated with the allocated pixel is converted by a function former into a respective one of the f(b,) signals referred to above.
  • These f(b,) signals are determinative of the instantaneous dividing ratio introduced by divider 8. In this manner, each time a subclock frequency f " is developed which is a measure for the brightness value read out at that moment.
  • These subclock frequency signals f u are operative via address generator 9 to control a velocity modulating auxiliary generator 11.
  • the auxiliary generator 11 is arranged for developing a modulation signal m s corresponding with the control signal Ss applied thereto.
  • Such a modulation signal causes deflection generator 10 to have the electron beam scan the face plate at a velocity corresponding with the instantaneously applying and derived f(b j ) value.
  • a pixel for which a high brightness value was stored during the pick-up mode is illuminated with a low level luminous flux during the illumination mode
  • a pixel for which a low brightness value was stored during the pick-up mode is illuminated with a high level luminous flux during the illumination mode, in dependence upon the selected function f.
  • the electron beam is moved past the pixel in question at a relatively high and a relatively low velocity, respectively.
  • the brightness level of the light box during the illumination mode can thus be locally adjusted to the density of the transparency.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Light Sources And Details Of Projection-Printing Devices (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Vorrichtung zum Betrachten eines Transparents (3) wie z.B. einer Röntgenaufnahme, das vor einem lichtemittierenden Schirm (2) und einer Lichtquelleneinrichtung (1) angeordnet ist, die in der Lage ist, die Lichtemission an bestimmten Stellen und mit bestimmter Intensität auf dem Schirm (2) auszubilden, mit Mitteln (10) zur Steuerung der Lichtquelleneinrichtung, um den Schirm zu veranlassen, Licht in Übereinstimmung mit einem zweidimensionalen Muster auszustrahlen, das lokalen Dichten des Transparents entspricht, und mit einer fotoempfindlichen Erfassungseinrichtung (5, 5') für die Abtastung des Transparents und einer Steuereinheit, die mit der fotoempfindlichen Erfassungseinrichtung und der Lichtquelleneinrichtung verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einer ersten Betriebsart die Lichtquelleneinrichtung (1) bewirkt, daß der Schirm Licht mit konstanter Intensität über der Oberfläche des Schirms (2) ausstrahlt, während er von der fotoempfindlichen Erfassungseinrichtung (5, 5') abgetastet wird, daß in der ersten Betriebsart die fotoempfindliche Erfassungseinrichtung (5, 5') die Durchlaßwerte des Transparents (3) mißt, daß ein Speicher (4) mit wahlfreiem Zugriff (RAM) mit der fotoempfindlichen Erfassungseinrichtung (5, 5') verbunden ist, wobei der Speicher Speicherplätze aufweist, die Bildpositionen auf dem Schirm entsprechen und Mittel (9) umfaßt, um in der ersten Betriebsart in den Speicherstellen die Durchlaßwerte abzuspeichern, die von der fotoempfindlichen Erfassungseinrichtung (5, 5') gemessen werden, daß die Speichereinrichtung (4) mit wahlfreiem Zugriff (RAM) weiter eine Ausleseeinrichtung (us) umfaßt, um in einer zweiten Betriebsart den Mitteln zur Steuerung der Lichtquelle Signale zuzuführen, die den in den Speicherstellen abgespeicherten Durchlaßwerten entsprechen, und daß die Steuereinheit ein Steuersignal (ms) erzeugt, um die Lichtquelle (1) in Übereinstimmung mit dem Signal zu steuern, das von der Ausleseeinrichtung (ms) bereitgestellt wird.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Lichquelleneinrichtung (1) eine Quelle eines Elektronenstrahls in einer Kathodenstrahlröhre umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuereinrichtung die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit des Elektronenstrahls über den Schirm in Übereinstimmung mit den Durchlaßwerten, die aus dem Speicher mit wahlfreiem Zugriff ausgelesen werden, moduliert.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die fotoempfindliche Erfassungseinrichtung (5, 5') einen geradlinigen fotoempfindlichen Streifen aufweist.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die fotoempfindliche Erfassungseinrichtung (5) einen weiteren fotoempfindlichen Streifen (5') einschließt, wobei beide fotoempfindlichen Streifen sich im wesentlichen parallel zueinander erstrecken.
EP85200802A 1984-05-18 1985-05-17 Lichtkasten zur Herstellung einer Hintergrundbeleuchtung mit der Dichte eines mit diesem Lichtkasten zu betrachtenden Transparentes mit lokal angepassten Helligkeitswerten Expired EP0162528B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8401605A NL8401605A (nl) 1984-05-18 1984-05-18 Lichtkast voor het geven van een achtergrondverlichting met helderheidswaarden die plaatselijk zijn aangepast aan de zwarting van een via de lichtkast te bekijken doorzichtbeeld.
NL8401605 1984-05-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0162528A1 EP0162528A1 (de) 1985-11-27
EP0162528B1 true EP0162528B1 (de) 1989-03-22

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EP85200802A Expired EP0162528B1 (de) 1984-05-18 1985-05-17 Lichtkasten zur Herstellung einer Hintergrundbeleuchtung mit der Dichte eines mit diesem Lichtkasten zu betrachtenden Transparentes mit lokal angepassten Helligkeitswerten

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US4637150A (de)
EP (1) EP0162528B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS61159616A (de)
DE (1) DE3569045D1 (de)
NL (1) NL8401605A (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61159616A (ja) 1986-07-19
NL8401605A (nl) 1985-12-16
DE3569045D1 (en) 1989-04-27
US4637150A (en) 1987-01-20
EP0162528A1 (de) 1985-11-27

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