EP0158011B1 - Circuit arrangement for monitoring the presence of railway vehicles in predetermined section blocks - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement for monitoring the presence of railway vehicles in predetermined section blocks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0158011B1
EP0158011B1 EP85100757A EP85100757A EP0158011B1 EP 0158011 B1 EP0158011 B1 EP 0158011B1 EP 85100757 A EP85100757 A EP 85100757A EP 85100757 A EP85100757 A EP 85100757A EP 0158011 B1 EP0158011 B1 EP 0158011B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit arrangement
evaluation circuit
frequency divider
oscillators
oscillator
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EP85100757A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0158011A3 (en
EP0158011A2 (en
Inventor
Gert Miller
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Scheidt and Bachmann GmbH
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Scheidt and Bachmann GmbH
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Priority to AT85100757T priority Critical patent/ATE54630T1/en
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Publication of EP0158011A3 publication Critical patent/EP0158011A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
    • B61L1/02—Electric devices associated with track, e.g. rail contacts
    • B61L1/08—Electric devices associated with track, e.g. rail contacts magnetically actuated; electrostatically actuated
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/042—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using inductive or magnetic detectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for monitoring the presence of rail vehicles within certain track sections by means of two induction loops, the changes in inductance of which are each detected by an oscillator, the oscillations of which are converted into square-wave pulses and divided in a frequency divider, and are fed to an evaluation circuit connected downstream of the frequency dividers, which are supplied as a function of the emits a busy or clear message for each change in inductance, the circuit arrangement also having means which enable the direction of travel to be determined by comparing the two messages originating from the evaluation circuit over time.
  • a circuit arrangement of the type described above is known from DE-A-31 00 724, both oscillators being connected to a common evaluation circuit via a changeover switch.
  • the oscillators operating at different frequencies vibrate constantly, although only one oscillator frequency is evaluated at a time.
  • An electronic counter is used as the switch, which receives its switch pulse from the oscillator frequency currently being evaluated. This has the disadvantage that there is no switching process if the oscillator currently being evaluated fails. Since the failed oscillator remains connected to the evaluation circuit, the entire system becomes ineffective.
  • Another disadvantage of the known circuit arrangement is that when the oscillator frequency changes, for example due to environmental influences, the changeover switch switches in a time interval which is changed in the same way, because the changeover process is dependent on the respective oscillator frequency. Monitoring the switch is therefore not possible.
  • the known circuit arrangement finally has the disadvantage that couplings, referred to as beats, can occur between the two constantly oscillating oscillators via the iron masses of the rail vehicles, as a result of which Difference between the different oscillator frequencies is canceled and a clear assignment of the individual frequencies to their respective oscillators is no longer sufficiently possible.
  • this assignment is absolutely necessary for determining the direction of the rail vehicles. Even if the frequencies of the oscillators change significantly due to a failure of frequency-determining elements, spatial allocation and thus direction determination in the evaluation circuit is no longer clearly possible.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a circuit arrangement for monitoring the presence of rail vehicles within certain track sections of the type assumed to be known, with the avoidance of the disadvantages described above, a clear determination of direction and at least a detection of the rail vehicles possible even if an oscillator circuit fails is.
  • the solution to this problem by the invention is characterized in that two galvanically separated clock generators alternately switch the oscillators ineffective, that the oscillators are galvanically separated from one another, that the clock generators are connected to one another via galvanically separated coupling links, are quartz-stabilized and mutually synchronized, that each oscillator is followed by a frequency divider, which is brought into a defined position dynamically, and that the two frequency dividers connected downstream of the oscillators are each assigned their own evaluation circuit.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention has the advantage that the use of a separate evaluation circuit means that different oscillator frequencies are no longer required and that mutual interference between the oscillators is avoided in the case of induction loops installed closely next to one another in the track by the fact that the two galvanically separated clocks alternate the oscillators switch ineffective.
  • a mutual electrical influence of the two oscillator circuits is prevented by the fact that the oscillators are electrically isolated from one another and the clock generators are connected to one another via electrically isolated coupling elements.
  • the clock generators are quartz-stabilized and mutually synchronize, with a frequency divider downstream of each oscillator being dynamically brought into a defined position.
  • the correct functioning of the clock generator can be monitored by the two evaluation circuits in that on the one hand the distances between the pulse trains in each evaluation circuit and on the other hand the opposite sense between the individual pulse trains of both evaluation circuits are monitored as a function of the frequency of the clock generator. Interference pulses occurring between the pulse trains acting in the manner of data telegrams are recognized as such because the frequency of the clock generator and thus the pulse train interval times per system are known. Since both systems are completely galvanically isolated from each other, there is no dependency of the systems on each other.
  • the coupling elements are operated with constant current.
  • the function of the clock generator can also be monitored in this way.
  • the coupling elements are designed as optocouplers and the light-emitting diode is connected to a freely programmable output of the corresponding frequency divider.
  • the coupling links are designed as optocouplers, commercially available components can be used.
  • each phototransistor is operated with the voltage of the other sub-arrangement and is connected to the reset input of the corresponding frequency divider. This prevents the entire system from becoming ineffective in the event of a clock failure and a permanent pulse that may be present.
  • a further development according to the invention consists in that the freely selectable output of the frequency divider, which is connected downstream of the clock generator, blocks the oscillator.
  • the invention proposes to provide each evaluation circuit with a microcomputer, as a result of which some of the functions are replaced by appropriate programming of the microcomputer instead of expensive hardware.
  • the illustration shows two oscillators 1a, 1b, each of which comprises an induction loop 2a, 2b laid within a track section.
  • Each oscillator 1a or 1b is followed by a frequency divider 3a, 3b, which changes the frequency of the oscillations of the oscillators 1a or 1b converted into rectangular pulses and passes them on to an amplifier 4a or 4b in order to reliably transmit the pulse trains via commercially available, wire-like cables from to be able to transmit the oscillator side to the evaluation circuit and to be independent of the coupling capacitances of the cables.
  • each evaluation circuit 6a or 6b comprises a signal output 7a, 7b, which is designed as an element galvanically separated from the system, for example as a relay contact or as a DIN interface for data systems.
  • each evaluation circuit 6a or 6b is assigned a voltage source 8a or 8b, which at the same time, via the two-wire line 5a or 5b with the aid of a constant voltage regulator 9a or 9b, the oscillator 1a or 1b, the frequency divider 3a or 3b and the amplifier 4a or 4b supplied with voltage.
  • An operational amplifier 10a or 10b is arranged in each of the lines 5a or 5b leading to the evaluation circuit 6a or 6b and is likewise supplied with voltage by the voltage source 8a or 8b.
  • a clock generator 11a or 11b is additionally supplied with constant voltage via the constant voltage regulator 9a or 9b.
  • the exemplary embodiment in each case is a quartz.
  • a frequency divider 12a or 12b is connected downstream of this clock generator 11a or 11b.
  • These frequency dividers 12a and 12b are connected to one another via coupling elements 13a, 13b, which in the exemplary embodiment are each formed by a light-emitting diode and a photo transistor.
  • the associated frequency divider 12a and 12b is connected to the photo transistor via a dynamic input.
  • the coupling elements 13a, 13b thus result in synchronization with simultaneous electrical isolation of the clock generators 11a and 11b and thus both systems.
  • the oscillators 1a and 1b oscillate with an induction formed by the induction loops 2a and 2b and the corresponding capacitor. These vibrations are converted into rectangular pulses in frequency divider 3a and 3b and their frequency is changed. Due to the frequency of the clock generators 11a and 11b, which mutually synchronize, one light-emitting diode of the coupling elements 13a and 13b is operated alternately in the forward direction. The associated phototransistor switches the applied voltage to the associated frequency divider 12a or 12b. The output Q x of the frequency divider 12a or 12b disables the oscillator 1a or 1b and sets the associated frequency divider 3a or 3b of the useful signal dynamically in a defined position.
  • the clock generators 11a and 11b effect, via the coupling elements 13a and 13b, that only one oscillator circuit emits pulse trains to the associated evaluation circuit 6a or 6b.
  • the light-emitting diodes By operating the light-emitting diodes with constant current, it is possible to monitor the functionality of the clock generators 11a and 11b in the evaluation circuit 6a or 6b by means of the upstream operational amplifier 10a or 10b.
  • This directional Detection is used to switch signals or level crossing protections assigned to the track section on and off.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

1. A circuit arrangement for monitoring the presence of rail vehicles within certain track sections by means of two induction loops (2a, 2b), the changes in the inductivity of which are detected in each case by an oscillator (1a, 1b), the oscillations of which are converted to square pulses and are divided in each case in a frequency divider (3a, 3b) and are fed to an evaluation circuit (6a, 6b) following the frequency dividers (3a, 3b), said evaluation circuit delivering an occupied or free signal depending upon the inductivity change at any time, the circuit arrangement also comprising means which allow the direction of travel to be determined by comparing the times of the two signals originating from the evaluation circuit (6a, 6b), characterised in that two d.c. separated clocks (11a, 11b) alternately switch the oscillators (1a, 1b) to the inoperative state, in that the oscillators (1a, 1b) are d.c. separated from one another, in that the clocks (11a, 11b) are interconnected via d.c. -separated coupling networks (13a, 13b), are quartz-stabilized and mutually synchronize one another, in that each oscillator (1a, 1b) is followed by a frequency divider (3a, 3b) which is dynamically set to a defined position, and in that a separate evaluation circuit (6a, 6b) is associated with each of the two frequency dividers (3a, 3b) following the oscillators (1a, 1b).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Überwachen des Vorhandenseins von Schienenfahrzeugen innerhalb bestimmter Gleisabschnitte mittels zweier Induktionsschleifen, deren Induktivitätsveränderungen jeweils mit einem Oszillator erfaßt werden, dessen Schwingungen in Rechteckimpulse umgeformt und in einem Frequenzteiler geteilt sowie einer den Frequenzteilern nachgeschalteten Auswerteschaltung zugeführt werden, die in Abhängigkeit der jeweiligen Induktivitätsveränderung eine Besetzt-oder Freimeldung abgibt, wobei die Schaltungsanordnung noch Mittel aufweist, welche durch den zeitlichen Vergleich der beiden von der Auswerteschaltung herrührenden Meldungen eine Bestimmung der Fahrtrichtung ermöglichen.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for monitoring the presence of rail vehicles within certain track sections by means of two induction loops, the changes in inductance of which are each detected by an oscillator, the oscillations of which are converted into square-wave pulses and divided in a frequency divider, and are fed to an evaluation circuit connected downstream of the frequency dividers, which are supplied as a function of the emits a busy or clear message for each change in inductance, the circuit arrangement also having means which enable the direction of travel to be determined by comparing the two messages originating from the evaluation circuit over time.

Eine Schaltungsanordnung der voranstehend beschriebenen Art ist aus der DE-A-31 00 724 bekannt, wobei beide Oszillatoren über einen Umschalter auf eine gemeinsame Auswerteschaltung geschaltet sind. Die mit unterschiedlicher Frequenz arbeitenden Oszillatoren schwingen ständig, obwohl nur jeweils eine Oszillatorfrequenz ausgewertet wird.A circuit arrangement of the type described above is known from DE-A-31 00 724, both oscillators being connected to a common evaluation circuit via a changeover switch. The oscillators operating at different frequencies vibrate constantly, although only one oscillator frequency is evaluated at a time.

Als Umschalter wird ein elektronischer Zähler verwendet, der seinen Umschaltimpuls jeweils von der gerade in der Auswertung befindlichen Oszillatorfrequenz erhält. Hierdurch ergibt sich der Nachteil, daß ein Umschaltvorgang unterbleibt, wenn der gerade in der Auswertung befindliche Oszillator ausfällt. Da der ausgefallene Oszillator mit der Auswerteschaltung verbunden bleibt, wird das gesamte System unwirksam.An electronic counter is used as the switch, which receives its switch pulse from the oscillator frequency currently being evaluated. This has the disadvantage that there is no switching process if the oscillator currently being evaluated fails. Since the failed oscillator remains connected to the evaluation circuit, the entire system becomes ineffective.

Ein weiterer Nachteil der bekannten Schaltungsanordnung besteht darin, daß der Umschalter bei einer Veränderung der Oszillatorfrequenz, beispielsweise durch Umwelteinflüsse, in einem in gleicher Weise veränderten Zeitintervall schaltet, weil der Umschaltvorgang von der jeweiligen Oszillatorfrequenz abhängig ist. Somit ist eine Überwachung des Umschalters nicht möglich.Another disadvantage of the known circuit arrangement is that when the oscillator frequency changes, for example due to environmental influences, the changeover switch switches in a time interval which is changed in the same way, because the changeover process is dependent on the respective oscillator frequency. Monitoring the switch is therefore not possible.

Sofern die Induktionsschleifen der beiden Oszillatoren räumlich eng nebeneinander im Gleis installiert und durch Kurzschlußverbinder elektrisch voneinander getrennt sind, besteht bei der bekannten Schaltungsanordnung schließlich der Nachteil, daß über die Eisenmassen der Schienenfahrzeuge als Schwebungen bezeichnete Kopplungen zwischen den beiden ständig schwingenden Oszillatoren auftreten können, wodurch der Unterschied zwischen den unterschiedlichen Oszillatorfrequenzen aufgehoben wird und eine eindeutige Zuordnung der einzelnen Frequenzen zu ihren jeweiligen Oszillatoren nicht mehr ausreichend möglich ist. Diese Zuordnung ist aber für eine Richtungsbestimmung der Schienenfahrzeuge zwingend erforderlich. Auch wenn durch einen Ausfall von frequenzbestimmenden Elementendie Frequenzen der Oszillatoren stark verändert werden, ist eine räumliche Zuordnung und damit eine Richtungsbestimmung in der Auswerteschaltung nicht mehr eindeutig möglich.If the induction loops of the two oscillators are installed spatially close to one another in the track and are electrically separated from one another by short-circuit connectors, the known circuit arrangement finally has the disadvantage that couplings, referred to as beats, can occur between the two constantly oscillating oscillators via the iron masses of the rail vehicles, as a result of which Difference between the different oscillator frequencies is canceled and a clear assignment of the individual frequencies to their respective oscillators is no longer sufficiently possible. However, this assignment is absolutely necessary for determining the direction of the rail vehicles. Even if the frequencies of the oscillators change significantly due to a failure of frequency-determining elements, spatial allocation and thus direction determination in the evaluation circuit is no longer clearly possible.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Überwachen des Vorhandenseins von Schienenfahrzeugen innerhalb bestimmter Gleisabschnitte der als bekannt vorausgesetzten Art zu schaffen, mit dem unter Vermeidung der voranstehend beschriebenen Nachteile eine eindeutige Richtungsbestimmung und auch bei Ausfall eines Oszillatorkreises zumindest noch eine Erfassung der Schienenfahrzeuge möglich ist.The invention has for its object to provide a circuit arrangement for monitoring the presence of rail vehicles within certain track sections of the type assumed to be known, with the avoidance of the disadvantages described above, a clear determination of direction and at least a detection of the rail vehicles possible even if an oscillator circuit fails is.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabenstellung durch die Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei galvanisch voneinander getrennte Taktgeber die Oszillatoren abwechselnd unwirksam schalte, daß die Oszillatoren galvanisch voneinander getrennt sind, daß die Taktgeber über galvanisch voneinander getrennte Koppelglieder miteinander verbunden sind, quarzstabilisiert sind und sich wechselseitig synchronisieren, daß jedem Oszillator ein Frequenzteiler nachgeschaltet ist, der dynamisch in eine definierte Stellung gebracht wird, und daß den beiden den Oszillatoren nachgeschalteten Frequenzteilern jeweils eine eigene Auswerteschaltung zugeordnet ist.The solution to this problem by the invention is characterized in that two galvanically separated clock generators alternately switch the oscillators ineffective, that the oscillators are galvanically separated from one another, that the clock generators are connected to one another via galvanically separated coupling links, are quartz-stabilized and mutually synchronized, that each oscillator is followed by a frequency divider, which is brought into a defined position dynamically, and that the two frequency dividers connected downstream of the oscillators are each assigned their own evaluation circuit.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung besitzt den Vorteil, daß durch die Verwendung jeweils einer eigenen Auswerteschaltung unterschiedliche Oszillatorfrequenzen nicht mehr erforderlich sind und daß eine gegenseitige Beeinflussung der Oszillatoren bei räumlich eng nebeneinander im Gleis installierten Induktionsschleifen dadurch vermieden wird, daß die beiden galvanisch voneinander getrennten Taktgeber die Oszillatoren abwechselnd unwirksam schalten. Eine gegenseitige elektrische Beeinflussung der beiden Oszillatorkreise wird dadurch verhindert, daß die Oszillatoren galvanisch voneinander getrennt sind und die Taktgeber über galvanisch getrennte Koppelglieder miteinander verbunden sind. Die Taktgeber sind quarzstabilisiert und synchronisieren sich wechselseitig, wobei ein jedem Oszillator nachgeschalteter Frequenzteiler dynamisch in eine definierte Stellung gebracht wird. Die ordnungsgemäße Funktion der Taktgeber kann über die beiden Auswerteschaltungen dadurch überwacht werden, daß einerseits die Abstände zwischen den Impulsfolgen in jeder Auwerteschaltung und andererseits die Gegensinnigkeit zwischen den einzelnen Impulsfolgen beider Auswerteschaltungen in Abhängigkeit von der Frequenz der Taktgeber überwacht werden. Zwischen den in der Art von Datentelegrammen wirkende Impulsfolgen auftretende Störimpulse werden als solche erkannt, weil die Frequenz der Taktgeber und damit die lmpulsfolgeabstandszeiten pro System bekannt sind. Da beide Systeme absolut galvanisch voneinander getrennt sind, ergibt sich keinerlei Abhängigkeit der Systeme voneinander.The circuit arrangement according to the invention has the advantage that the use of a separate evaluation circuit means that different oscillator frequencies are no longer required and that mutual interference between the oscillators is avoided in the case of induction loops installed closely next to one another in the track by the fact that the two galvanically separated clocks alternate the oscillators switch ineffective. A mutual electrical influence of the two oscillator circuits is prevented by the fact that the oscillators are electrically isolated from one another and the clock generators are connected to one another via electrically isolated coupling elements. The clock generators are quartz-stabilized and mutually synchronize, with a frequency divider downstream of each oscillator being dynamically brought into a defined position. The correct functioning of the clock generator can be monitored by the two evaluation circuits in that on the one hand the distances between the pulse trains in each evaluation circuit and on the other hand the opposite sense between the individual pulse trains of both evaluation circuits are monitored as a function of the frequency of the clock generator. Interference pulses occurring between the pulse trains acting in the manner of data telegrams are recognized as such because the frequency of the clock generator and thus the pulse train interval times per system are known. Since both systems are completely galvanically isolated from each other, there is no dependency of the systems on each other.

Bei Ausfall eines Systems läuft das andere selbständig weiter, so daß auch in diesem Fall von dem in Betrieb befindlichen System Datentelegramme in Form von zeitlich im Abstand aufeinanderfolgenden Impulsfolgen erzeugt werden, die für die Besetzt- oder Freimeldung des überwachten Gleisabschnittes ausgewertet werden können.If one system fails, the other continues to run independently, so that in this case, too, data telegrams are generated by the system in operation in the form of successive pulse sequences at intervals, which are used for the busy or free signaling of the monitored track section can be evaluated.

Gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung werden die Koppelglieder mit konstantem Strom betrieben. Durch eine Überwachung des Stromflusses in der Auswerteschaltung durch einen Operationsverstärker kann auf diese Weise ebenfalls die Funktion der Taktgeber überwacht werden.According to a further feature of the invention, the coupling elements are operated with constant current. By monitoring the current flow in the evaluation circuit by an operational amplifier, the function of the clock generator can also be monitored in this way.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Koppelglieder als Optokoppler ausgebildet und die Leuchtdiode an einem frei programmierbaren Ausgang des entsprechenden Frequenzteilers angeschlossen. Durch die Ausbildung der Koppelglieder als Optokoppler können handelsübliche Bauteile verwendet werden.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the coupling elements are designed as optocouplers and the light-emitting diode is connected to a freely programmable output of the corresponding frequency divider. By designing the coupling links as optocouplers, commercially available components can be used.

Gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung wird jeder Fototransistor mit der Spannung der anderen Teilanordnung betrieben und mit dem Rücksetzeingang des entsprechenden Frequenzteilers verbunden. Hierdurch wird vermieden, daß bei einen Ausfall eines Taktgebers und einem unter Umständen anstehenden Dauerimpuls das ganze System unwirksam wird.According to a further feature of the invention, each phototransistor is operated with the voltage of the other sub-arrangement and is connected to the reset input of the corresponding frequency divider. This prevents the entire system from becoming ineffective in the event of a clock failure and a permanent pulse that may be present.

Eine erfindunsgemäße Weiterbildung besteht darin, daß der frei wählbare Ausgang des jeweils dem Taktgeber nachgeschalteten Frequenzteilers den Oszillator sperrt. Schließlich wird mit der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, jede Auswerteschaltung mit einem Mikrocomputer zu versehen, wodurch anstelle kostenaufwendiger Hardware ein Teil der Funktionen durch eine entsprechende Programmierung des Mikrocomputers ersetzt wird.A further development according to the invention consists in that the freely selectable output of the frequency divider, which is connected downstream of the clock generator, blocks the oscillator. Finally, the invention proposes to provide each evaluation circuit with a microcomputer, as a result of which some of the functions are replaced by appropriate programming of the microcomputer instead of expensive hardware.

Auf der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung dargestellt.In the drawing, an embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the invention is shown.

Die Darstellung zeigt zwei Oszillatoren 1a, 1b, die jeweils eine innerhalb eines Gleisabschnittes verlegte Induktionsschleife 2a, 2b umfassen. Jedem Oszillator 1a bzw. 1b ist ein Frequenzteiler 3a, 3b nachgeschaltet, der die in Rechteckimpulse umgeformten Schwingungen des Oszillators 1a bzw. 1b hinsichtlich ihrer Frequenz verändert und an einen Verstärker 4a bzw. 4b weitergibt, um die Impulsfolgen sicher über handelsübliche, adrige Kabel von der Oszillatorseite zur Auswerteschaltung übertragen zu können und unabhängig von den Koppelkapazitäten der Kabel zu sein. Mit Hilfe dieses Verstärkers 4a bzw. 4b werden die Impulsfolgen aus Rechteckimpulsen mittels einer zweiadrigen Leitung 5a, 5b an eine Auswerteschaltung 6a, 6b weitergegeben, die in einer beliebigen Entfernung zu den Induktionsschleifen 2a und 2b angeordnet ist. Jede Auswerteschaltung 6a bzw. 6b umfaßt eine Signalausgabe 7a, 7b, die als ein vom System galvanisch getrenntes Element, beispielsweise als Relaiskontakt oder als DIN-Schnittstelle für Datensysteme ausgebildet ist. Jeder Auswerteschaltung 6a bzw. 6b ist schließlich eine Spannungsquelle 8a bzw. 8b zugeordnet, die gleichzeitig über die zweiadrige Leitung 5a bzw. 5b unter Zuhilfenahme eines Konstantspannungsreglers 9a bzw. 9b den Oszillator 1a bzw. 1b, den Frequenzteiler 3a bzw. 3b und den Verstärker 4a bzw. 4b mit Spannung versorgt. In der zur Auswerteschaltung 6a bzw. 6b führenden Leitung 5a bzw. 5b ist jeweils ein Operationsverstärker 10a bzw. 10b angeordnet, der ebenfalls von der Spannungsquelle 8a bzw. 8b mit Spannung versorgt wird.The illustration shows two oscillators 1a, 1b, each of which comprises an induction loop 2a, 2b laid within a track section. Each oscillator 1a or 1b is followed by a frequency divider 3a, 3b, which changes the frequency of the oscillations of the oscillators 1a or 1b converted into rectangular pulses and passes them on to an amplifier 4a or 4b in order to reliably transmit the pulse trains via commercially available, wire-like cables from to be able to transmit the oscillator side to the evaluation circuit and to be independent of the coupling capacitances of the cables. With the aid of this amplifier 4a or 4b, the pulse sequences from rectangular pulses are passed on by means of a two-wire line 5a, 5b to an evaluation circuit 6a, 6b, which is arranged at any distance from the induction loops 2a and 2b. Each evaluation circuit 6a or 6b comprises a signal output 7a, 7b, which is designed as an element galvanically separated from the system, for example as a relay contact or as a DIN interface for data systems. Finally, each evaluation circuit 6a or 6b is assigned a voltage source 8a or 8b, which at the same time, via the two-wire line 5a or 5b with the aid of a constant voltage regulator 9a or 9b, the oscillator 1a or 1b, the frequency divider 3a or 3b and the amplifier 4a or 4b supplied with voltage. An operational amplifier 10a or 10b is arranged in each of the lines 5a or 5b leading to the evaluation circuit 6a or 6b and is likewise supplied with voltage by the voltage source 8a or 8b.

Über den Konstantspannungsregler 9a bzw. 9b wird zusätzlich ein Taktgeber 11 a bzw. 11b mit konstanter Spannung versorgt. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich hierbei jeweils um einen Quarz. Diesem Taktgeber 11 a bzw. 11b ist jeweils ein Frequenzteiler 12a bzw. 12b nachgeschaltet. Diese Frequenzteiler 12a und 12b sind über Koppelglieder 13a, 13b miteinander verbunden, die beim Ausführungsbeispiel jeweils durch eine Leuchtdiode und einen Fototransistor gebildet sind. An den Fototransistor ist der zugehörige Frequenzteiler 12a und 12b über einen dynamischen Eingang angeschlossen. Durch die Koppelglieder 13a, 13b erfolgt somit eine Synchronisation bei gleichzeitiger galvanischer Trennung der Taktgeber 11 a und 11b und somit beider Systeme.A clock generator 11a or 11b is additionally supplied with constant voltage via the constant voltage regulator 9a or 9b. The exemplary embodiment in each case is a quartz. A frequency divider 12a or 12b is connected downstream of this clock generator 11a or 11b. These frequency dividers 12a and 12b are connected to one another via coupling elements 13a, 13b, which in the exemplary embodiment are each formed by a light-emitting diode and a photo transistor. The associated frequency divider 12a and 12b is connected to the photo transistor via a dynamic input. The coupling elements 13a, 13b thus result in synchronization with simultaneous electrical isolation of the clock generators 11a and 11b and thus both systems.

Im Betriebszustand schwingen die Oszillatoren 1a bzw. 1b miteinerdurch die Induktionsschleifen 2a bzw. 2b gebildeten Induktion und dem zugehörigen Kondensator entsprechenden Frequenz. Diese Schwingungen werden im Frequenzteiler 3a bzw. 3b in Rechteckimpulse umgewandelt und hinsichtlich ihrer Frequenz verändert. Durch die Frequenz der Taktgeber 11a und 11b, die sich wechselseitig synchronisieren, wird abwechselnd jeweils eine Leuchtdiode der Koppelglieder 13a und 13b in Durchlaßrichtung betrieben. Der dazugehörige Fototransistor schaltet die angelegte Spannung auf den zugehörigen Frequenzteiler 12a bzw. 12b. Der Ausgang Qx des Frequenzteilers 12a bzw. 12b schaltet den Oszillator 1a bzw. 1b unwirksam und setzt den zugehörigen Frequenzteiler 3a bzw. 3b des Nutzsignals dynamisch in eine definierte Stellung.In the operating state, the oscillators 1a and 1b oscillate with an induction formed by the induction loops 2a and 2b and the corresponding capacitor. These vibrations are converted into rectangular pulses in frequency divider 3a and 3b and their frequency is changed. Due to the frequency of the clock generators 11a and 11b, which mutually synchronize, one light-emitting diode of the coupling elements 13a and 13b is operated alternately in the forward direction. The associated phototransistor switches the applied voltage to the associated frequency divider 12a or 12b. The output Q x of the frequency divider 12a or 12b disables the oscillator 1a or 1b and sets the associated frequency divider 3a or 3b of the useful signal dynamically in a defined position.

Auf diese Weise bewirken die Taktgeber 11 a und 11 b über die Koppelglieder 13a bzw. 13b, daß jeweils nur ein Oszillatorkreis Impulsfolgen an die zugehörige Auswerteschaltung 6a bzw. 6b abgibt. Durch das Betreiben der Leuchtdiodenmit konstantem Strom ist es möglich, in der Auswerteschaltung 6a bzw. 6b mittels des vorgeschalteten Operationsverstärkers 10a bzw. 10b die Funktionsfähigkeit der Taktgeber 11 a und 11 b zu überwachen.In this way, the clock generators 11a and 11b effect, via the coupling elements 13a and 13b, that only one oscillator circuit emits pulse trains to the associated evaluation circuit 6a or 6b. By operating the light-emitting diodes with constant current, it is possible to monitor the functionality of the clock generators 11a and 11b in the evaluation circuit 6a or 6b by means of the upstream operational amplifier 10a or 10b.

Sobald ein Schienenfahrzeug mit seiner Eisenmasse eine im Gleis verlegte Induktionsschleife 2a bzw. 2b überfährt, ändert sich die Induktivität dieser Induktionsschleife 1a bzw. 1b und damit die Oscillatorfrequenz des zugehörigen Oszillators 1a bzw. 1b. Diese Änderung wird in der zugehörigen Auswerteschaltung 6a bzw. 6b festgestellt und als Besetztmeldung für den überwachten Gleisabschnitt gewertet.As soon as a rail vehicle with its iron mass passes over an induction loop 2a or 2b laid in the track, the inductance of this induction loop 1a or 1b changes and thus the oscillator frequency of the associated oscillator 1a or 1b. This change is ascertained in the associated evaluation circuit 6a or 6b and evaluated as a busy message for the monitored track section.

Durch den zeitlichen Vergleich der in den beiden Auswerteschaltungen 6a und 6b festgestellten Induktivitätsveränderungen wird weiterhin die Richtung des Schienenfahrzeugs im überwachten Gleisabschnitt erkannt. Diese Richtungserkennung dient dazu, dem Gleisabschnitt zugeordnete Signale oder Bahnübergangssicherungen ein- und auszuschalten.By comparing the inductance changes detected in the two evaluation circuits 6a and 6b over time, the direction of the rail vehicle in the monitored track section is also recognized. This directional Detection is used to switch signals or level crossing protections assigned to the track section on and off.

Bezugsziffernliste:

  • 1a Oszillator
  • 1b Oszillator
  • 2a Induktionsschleife
  • 2b Induktionsschleife
  • 3a Frequenzteiler
  • 3b Frequenzteiler
  • 4a Verstärker
  • 4b Verstärker
  • 5a Leitung
  • 5b Leitung
  • 6a Auswerteschaltung
  • 6b Auswerteschaltung
  • 7a Signalausgabe
  • 7b Signalausgabe
  • 8a Spannungsquelle
  • 8b Spannungsquelle
  • 9a Konstantspannungsregler
  • 9b Konstantspannungsregler
  • 10a Operationsverstärker
  • 10b Operationsverstärker
  • 11 Taktgeber
  • 11b Taktgeber
  • 12a Frequenzteiler
  • 12b Frequenzteiler
  • 13a Koppelglied
  • 13b Koppelglied
List of reference numbers:
  • 1a oscillator
  • 1b oscillator
  • 2a induction loop
  • 2b induction loop
  • 3a frequency divider
  • 3b frequency divider
  • 4a amplifier
  • 4b amplifier
  • 5a line
  • 5b line
  • 6a evaluation circuit
  • 6b evaluation circuit
  • 7a signal output
  • 7b signal output
  • 8a voltage source
  • 8b voltage source
  • 9a constant voltage regulator
  • 9b constant voltage regulator
  • 10a operational amplifier
  • 10b operational amplifier
  • 11 clocks
  • 11b clock
  • 12a frequency divider
  • 12b frequency divider
  • 13a coupling link
  • 13b coupling link

Claims (6)

1. A circuit arrangement for monitoring the presence of rail vehicles within certain track sections by means of two induction loops (2a, 2b), the changes in the inductivity of which are detected in each case by an oscillator (1a, 1b), the oscillations of which are converted to square pulses and are divided in each case in a frequency divider (3a, 3b) and are fed to an evaluation circuit (6a, 6b) following the frequency dividers (3a, 3b), said evaluation circuit delivering an occupied or free signal depending upon the inductivity change at any time, the circuit arrangement also comprising means which allow the direction of travel to be determined by comparing the times of the two signals originating from the evaluation circuit (6a, 6b), characterised in that two d.c.- separated clocks (11 a, 11b) alternately switch the oscillators (1a, 1b) to the inoperative state,
in that the oscillators (1a, 1b) are d.c.-separated from one another,
in that the clocks (11 a, 11 b) are interconnected via d.c.-separated coupling networks (13a, 13b), are quartz-stabilized and mutually synchronize one another,
in that each oscillator (1a, 1b) is followed by a frequency divider (3a, 3b) which is dynamically set to a defined position, and
in that a separate evaluation circuit (6a, 6b) is associated with each of the two frequency dividers (3a, 3b) following the oscillators (1a, 1b).
2. A circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the coupling networks (13a, 13b) are operated with a constant current.
3. A circuit arrangement according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the coupling networks (13a, 13b) are constructed as opto-couplers and the LED is connected to a freely programmable output of a frequency divider (12a, 12b) following each of the clocks (11 a, 11b).
4. A circuit arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that each phototransistor is operated with the voltage of the other sub-assembly and is connected to the reset input of the corresponding frequency divider (12a, 12b).
5. A circuit arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the freely selectable output (Qx) of each frequency divider (12a, 12b) following the clocks (11a, 11b) cuts off the oscillator (1a, 1b).
6. A circuit arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that each evaluation circuit (6a, 6b) is provided with a microcomputer.
EP85100757A 1984-03-31 1985-01-25 Circuit arrangement for monitoring the presence of railway vehicles in predetermined section blocks Expired - Lifetime EP0158011B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85100757T ATE54630T1 (en) 1984-03-31 1985-01-25 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR MONITORING THE PRESENCE OF RAILWAY VEHICLES WITHIN SPECIFIC TRACK SECTIONS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3412152A DE3412152C2 (en) 1984-03-31 1984-03-31 Circuit arrangement for monitoring the presence of rail vehicles within certain track sections
DE3412152 1984-03-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0158011A2 EP0158011A2 (en) 1985-10-16
EP0158011A3 EP0158011A3 (en) 1987-09-30
EP0158011B1 true EP0158011B1 (en) 1990-07-18

Family

ID=6232304

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85100757A Expired - Lifetime EP0158011B1 (en) 1984-03-31 1985-01-25 Circuit arrangement for monitoring the presence of railway vehicles in predetermined section blocks

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0158011B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE54630T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3412152C2 (en)
DK (1) DK163808C (en)
NO (1) NO161426C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011103183A1 (en) * 2011-06-01 2013-05-29 Yevgen Berson Device for researching geo-pathogenic zones, has two strips, and high-frequency generators arranged at ends of respective strips, where outputs of generators are connected with mixer by helical spacers

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT397792B (en) * 1990-06-05 1994-06-27 Manfred Dipl Ing Uttenthaler Signal system for protecting a single-track route section
CN106274982B (en) * 2016-07-28 2018-05-29 宁波市江北九方和荣电气有限公司 Car wheel-set dynamic on-line monitoring system cable loop sensor driving circuit

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3863206A (en) * 1974-03-12 1975-01-28 Lee C Rabie Digital Vehicle Detector
DE2840929C2 (en) * 1978-09-20 1982-07-01 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Method for determining an occupied or vacant message for a route section
DE2929494B1 (en) * 1979-07-20 1980-07-17 Siemens Ag Method and circuit arrangement for determining the entry and / or exit of a vehicle, in particular a road transport vehicle, into or from a defined monitoring area
DE3100724A1 (en) * 1981-01-13 1982-07-29 Scheidt & Bachmann GmbH, 4050 Mönchengladbach Method for monitoring the presence of vehicles within certain traffic areas
DE3115863C2 (en) * 1981-04-21 1983-01-05 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Track circuit for railway safety systems
DE3127672C2 (en) * 1981-07-13 1984-05-17 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Equipment in shunting systems for track clearance measurement
DE3139068A1 (en) * 1981-10-01 1983-04-14 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Track circuit arrangement

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011103183A1 (en) * 2011-06-01 2013-05-29 Yevgen Berson Device for researching geo-pathogenic zones, has two strips, and high-frequency generators arranged at ends of respective strips, where outputs of generators are connected with mixer by helical spacers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0158011A3 (en) 1987-09-30
NO161426C (en) 1989-08-16
NO161426B (en) 1989-05-08
EP0158011A2 (en) 1985-10-16
NO850696L (en) 1985-10-01
ATE54630T1 (en) 1990-08-15
DK143585D0 (en) 1985-03-29
DE3578679D1 (en) 1990-08-23
DE3412152C2 (en) 1986-01-30
DK163808B (en) 1992-04-06
DE3412152A1 (en) 1985-10-03
DK163808C (en) 1992-09-07
DK143585A (en) 1985-10-01

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