EP0156536B1 - Membrane soudable et ruban de transmission à utiliser dans sa fabrication - Google Patents

Membrane soudable et ruban de transmission à utiliser dans sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0156536B1
EP0156536B1 EP85301438A EP85301438A EP0156536B1 EP 0156536 B1 EP0156536 B1 EP 0156536B1 EP 85301438 A EP85301438 A EP 85301438A EP 85301438 A EP85301438 A EP 85301438A EP 0156536 B1 EP0156536 B1 EP 0156536B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet material
adhesive
heat
sheet
adhesive layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85301438A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0156536A2 (fr
EP0156536A3 (en
Inventor
Dennis L. C/O Minnesota Mining And Levens
Richard L. C/O Minnesota Mining And Renstrom
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3M Co
Original Assignee
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US06/592,711 external-priority patent/US4732635A/en
Application filed by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Publication of EP0156536A2 publication Critical patent/EP0156536A2/fr
Publication of EP0156536A3 publication Critical patent/EP0156536A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0156536B1 publication Critical patent/EP0156536B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
    • E04D5/12—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form specially modified, e.g. perforated, with granulated surface, with attached pads

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the sealing of overlapped rubbery olefinic polymer (i.e., homopolymer, copolymer, terpolymer, etc.) sheets to each other, to spliceable sheets, to a method of making such sheets, and to the fabrication of a roof covering using such sheets.
  • overlapped rubbery olefinic polymer i.e., homopolymer, copolymer, terpolymer, etc.
  • Rubbery olefinic polymer sheet material finds widespread industrial use in applications where it is necessary to contain or exclude liquids. Compared to vinyl sheet material, the rubbery olefinic polymer sheet materials have longer life, greater flexibility and resilience at low temperatures, ability to withstand high temperatures without stretching or softening unduly, and superior resistance to ultraviolet light.
  • the most widely used rubbers for formulating these sheets are polymers of ethylene, propylene, and diene monomers (commonly known as EPDM), butyl rubber, and blends of the two.
  • EPDM polymers of ethylene, propylene, and diene monomers
  • butyl rubber butyl rubber
  • the olefinic polymers are commonly blended with desired fillers, coloring agents, extenders, vulcanizing or crosslinking agents, antioxidants, etc.
  • membranes typically on the order of 1.5 millimeters thick and 2 to 6 meters wide. These membranes are then heated to perhaps 150°C. for 2 hours to effect vulcanization.
  • spliced rubbery membranes are laid over new or existing roofs and typically either fastened down (e.g., at 40-centimeter intervals) with metal battens or ballasted with round river-washed stones.
  • roof temperatures may approach the boiling point of water when exposed to the summer sun, and they may sink to -30°C. - or even lower- during the winter.
  • US-A-3,650,874 discloses heat-sealable rubber products e.g. rubberised fabric, which are coated with a thin layer of polyolefin, the polyolefin having a melt index of less than 0.15 "when measured according to the standard ASTM 1238-57T modified by adding a supplementary load of 3 kg". It is taught that only low melt-index polyolefins can be adhered to rubber. Furthermore, it is taught that a layer of high melt-index polyolefin can be indirectly adhered to the rubber by sealing it to the coating of low melt-index polyolefin on the surface of the rubber.
  • DE-A-2,752,490 discloses a composite roofing membrane comprising a lower thermoplastic sheet having a softening point between 100° and 200°C and a protective rubber sheet laid on top of the thermoplastic sheet so as to leave a border area of the thermoplastic sheet exposed. This border area can be heat-sealed to the edge portion of the thermoplastic sheet of a similar composite roofing membrane to form a lapped seam.
  • the protective rubber sheet of the disclosed roofing membrane is not firmly bonded to the polyolefin sheet and it is stated that "the limited adhesive strength between the upper and the lower layers also has the advantage, that strips of the upper layer may be separated from the composite sheet during the installation of the roofing sheets".
  • GB-A-1,382,826 discloses a spliceable sheet material suitable for use in the fabrication of lapped-seam membrane roofing, comprising in combination: a rubbery water-impermeable membrane consisting essentially of thermoset elastomeric olefin polymer, said membrane having on one side, at least in a border area along one edge, an adhesive layer of heat-sealable polyolefin that is capable of wetting the thermoset olefin polymer, and is firmly bonded thereto.
  • the present invention provides a spliceable sheet material as disclosed in GB-A-1,382,826 characterised in that said heat-sealable polyolefin has a softening point of at least 120°C, and a melt index of 0.5 or greater.
  • the resultant splices are strong, resistant to temperature extremes, and able to withstand the expansion and contraction that results from exposure to summer and winter conditions, all the while maintaining a water-tight seal.
  • the invention also provides a method of making the above sheet material, comprising applying said adhesive layer to an uncured sheet of elastomeric olefin polymer, and then applying heat and pressure to the resulting assembly sufficient to cure the elastomeric olefin polymer and simultaneously bond the adhesive layer thereto.
  • the adhesive layer of heat-sealable polyolefin is a thin layer e.g. of thickness 90 urn. Further preferred embodiments are claimed in the dependent claims.
  • a presently preferred material for the rubbery olefin polymer membrane is EPDM
  • a presently preferred adhesive is linear low density polyethylene having a softening point (as defined in ASTM Test D-16, Procedure 19) of at least 120°C.
  • polyethylene may include the normally employed stabilizers, filers, extenders, processing aids, pigments, and the like.
  • Other suitable adhesives can be formulated from thermoplastic blends of polyethylene and polypropylene, homopolymers of olefin monomers, polymers of two or more olefin monomers, etc., provided that the softening point meets the stated temperature requirement.
  • the melt index of the adhesive is desirably at least 0.5 a melt index of about 1 being presently preferred.
  • the softening point of the heat-sealable adhesive should not exceed 250°C., and preferably is significantly lower, to minimize the possibility of degrading the rubbery membrane.
  • a presently preferred spliceable sheet material of the type described in the preceding paragraph is one in which linear low density polyethylene is adhered to the border area on one side of the rubbery sheet material adjacent a lateral edge and also on the border area on the other side adjacent the opposite lateral edge, this arrangement lending itself to a natural shingling type of overlapping.
  • a simple but unique transfer tape having particular utility in making the spliceable border areas of the sheet material just described comprises a release liner having strippably adhered to one face a thin layer of heat-sealable adhesive.
  • a preferred transfer tape construction comprises a polyester film release liner, e.g., biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate, carrying a heat-sealable thermoplastic polyolefin layer, e.g., linear low density polyethylene.
  • Spliceable rubbery sheet material may then conveniently be fabricated by placing the adhesive surface of the transfer tape in contact with the appropriate area or areas of the rubbery membrane and applying sufficient heat and pressure to melt the adhesive and bond it to the membrane.
  • a particularly preferred method is to place the transfer tape in contact with the unvulcanized sheet material, apply sufficient pressure to maintain intimate contact between the tape material and heat the assembly to a temperature high enough to vulcanize (i.e., crosslink, or thermoset) the olefin polymer and, at the same time, soften the adhesive, thereby permitting it to wet and upon cooling, bond firmly to the olefinic polymer sheet.
  • the release liner may then remain in place to protect the adhesive from contamination and be removed at the time a splice is to be made.
  • the sheet material of the invention may be used to form a roof covering by a method as claimed in claim 14.
  • a linear low density polyethylene (Union Carbide "G-Resin 7047 Natural 7"), having a melt index of 1.0, was extruded through a slot die having an opening of 0.56 mm at a die head temperature of 250°C.
  • the extruded polyethylene film was contacted by a 38- micrometer polyester film; the resulting laminate was pulled between a rubber roll and metal roll, located approximately 75 mm from the die opening. The rolls were driven at a considerably faster surface speed than the rate at which the polyethylene was extruded, so that the polyethylene thickness was reduced to approximately 90 micrometers. Samples approximately 75 mm x 100 mm were then cut from the laminate and used for further testing. The polyethylene was tack-free at room temperature.
  • a sample of the laminate was positioned with the polyethylene layer against a smooth sheet of 1.5-mm cured EPDM rubber, and placed for 30 seconds in a press heated to 218°C. under a pressure of approximately 35 kPa. The sample was then removed from the press and allowed to cool to room temperature, after which the polyester release liner was stripped away, exposing the heat-sealable polyethylene surface.
  • the stripping force required was about 0.03 N/cm width. Values of at least about 0.02 N/cm are desirable for ease in processing, values somewhat in excess of 0.1 N/cm being satisfactory but not preferred. Significantly higher stripping values make the product more difficult for the end user to remove the release liner.
  • a polyethylene-polypropylene blend (Eastman Chemical Company "Tenite” 5321E polyallomer) was extruded through a 0.38-mm 240°C. die head and processed as in Example 1.
  • one entire side of the rubber membrane may be coated with heat-sealable coating.
  • rolls of the membrane may be slit to any desired width, e.g., to fit narrow portions of a roof, while still maintaining heat-sealable coating adjacent each edge.
  • Another advantage achieved by overall coating with heat-sealable adhesive is the ability to seal directly to the upper surface of batten strips that have been nailed or otherwise affixed to the roof substrate, thereby permitting completely imperforate roofing membrane construction.
  • batten strips made of polyethylene which are not only moisture- and rust-resistant but also inherently possess heat-sealable properties and are compatible with the thermoplastic olefinic heat-sealable coating on the roofing membrane. If, of course, the polyethylene batten strips are used only in the spliced areas, it is adequate to have heat-sealable adhesive only in the border area of the lower membrane, where it will contact the batten strip.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (17)

1. Matériau en feuille soudable convenant pour l'utilisation dans la fabrication de couverture de toit à membranes jointes en recouvrement, comprenant en combinaison: une membrane caoutchouteuse imperméable à l'eau, constituée essentiellement d'un polymère d'oléfine élastomère thermodurci, ladite membrane comportant sur une face, au moins dans une région de bordure le long d'un bord, une couche adhésive de polyoléfine thermosoudable qui est capable de mouiller le polymère d'oléfine thermodurci et est liée solidement à celui-ci, caractérisé en ce que ladite polyoléfine thermosoudable a un point de ramollissement d'au moins 120°C, et un indice d'écoulement à l'état fondu de 0,5 ou plus.
2. Bande de matériau en feuille suivant la revendication 1, dans laquelle ladite couche est limitée à une région de bordure adjacente à un bord latéral de la bande.
3. Bande de matériau en feuille suivant la revendication 2, dans laquelle il est prévu deux telles couches adhésives, l'une étant limitée à une région de bordure adjacente à un bord latéral de la bande, et l'autre étant limitée à une autre région de bordure adjacente au bord latéral opposé de la bande sur la face opposée de la bande.
4. Rouleau de matériau en feuille suivant la revendicaiton 1.
5. Matériau en feuille suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite couche adhésive a une épaisseur de 90 pm environ.
6. Matériau en feuille suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le polymère d'oléfine est constitué essentiellement de monomère d'éthylène, de propylène et de diènes polymérisés (EPDM).
7. Matériau en feuille suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit adhésif est un homopolymère d'oléfine.
8. Matériau en feuille suivant la revendication 6, dans lequel l'adhésif thermosoudable est du polyéthylène linéaire basse densité ayant un indice d'écoulement à l'état fondu de 1,0 environ.
9. Matériau en feuille suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'adhésif thermosoudable est recouvert d'une doublure de protection séparable.
10. Matériau en feuille suivant la revendication 9, dans lequel la doublure séparable est un film de téréphtalate de polyéthylène orienté biaxialement.
11. Matériau en feuille suivant la revendication 6, dans lequel ledit adhésif est un mélange de polyéthylène et de polypropylène.
12. Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau en feuille suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 et 11, comprenant l'application de ladite couche adhésive à une feuille non durcie de polymère d'oléfine élastomère, puis l'application de chaleur et de pression à l'assemblage résultant, suffisamment pour durcir le polymère d'oléfine élastomère et lier simultanément la couche adhésive à celui-ci.
13. Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau en feuille suivant la revendication 9 ou la revendication 10, comprenant les opérations de:
a. préparation d'une feuille non durcie mais durcissable de composé polyoléfinique,
b. mise en contact, avec une bordure latérale sur une face de ladite feuille, d'un ruban de transfert comprenant une couche oléfinique thermoplastique portée par une doublure de protection décollable, la couche oléfinique du ruban ayant un point de ramollissement d'au moins 120°C et un indice d'écoulement à l'état fondu d'au moins 0,5, et étant en contact avec ladite feuille, pour constituer un ensemble, et
c. soumission dudit ensemble à une pression et une température élevées pendant un temps suffisant pour durcir ledit composé et lier solidement la couche oléfinique thermoplastique thermosoudable au matériau en feuille durci.
14. Procédé de formation d'une couverture de toit, comprenant les opérations de pose d'une feuille de matériau suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10 sur un toit, de pose d'une autre feuille de matériau suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, de sorte que la couche adhésive d'une desdites feuilles soit superposée à l'autre desdites feuilles, de chauffage de la couche adhésive pour engendrer une liaison entre les feuilles, et de répétition desdites opérations avec d'autres feuilles semblables, comme nécessaire pour former ladite couverture de toit.
15. Procédé suivant la revendication 14, dans lequel lesdites feuilles sont posées et collées sur des lattes en matière plastique préalablement fixées au substrat du toit.
16. Membrane composite comprenant deux feuilles et plus de matériau en feuille suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, liées les unes aux autres par une dite couche adhésive en relation de chevauchement.
17. Membrane composite suivant la revendication 16, qui est une membrane de couverture de toit.
EP85301438A 1984-03-23 1985-03-01 Membrane soudable et ruban de transmission à utiliser dans sa fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0156536B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US59262084A 1984-03-23 1984-03-23
US592711 1984-03-23
US06/592,711 US4732635A (en) 1984-03-23 1984-03-23 Method of making spliceable sheet material
US592620 1984-03-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0156536A2 EP0156536A2 (fr) 1985-10-02
EP0156536A3 EP0156536A3 (en) 1987-01-28
EP0156536B1 true EP0156536B1 (fr) 1990-07-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85301438A Expired - Lifetime EP0156536B1 (fr) 1984-03-23 1985-03-01 Membrane soudable et ruban de transmission à utiliser dans sa fabrication

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0156536B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3578504D1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0196267A2 (fr) * 1985-03-25 1986-10-01 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Feuille de revêtement en caoutchouc avec bord adhésif intégré
EP0316497A1 (fr) * 1987-11-19 1989-05-24 Soprema S.A. Système pour l'isolation thermique et l'étanchéité des toitures, et feuille d'étanchéité pour sa mise en oeuvre
FR2623542A2 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1989-05-26 Soprema Sa Systeme pour l'isolation des toitures
EP0352394A1 (fr) * 1988-07-29 1990-01-31 Soprema S.A. Système pour l'isolation thermique et l'étanchéisation des toitures, et feuille d'étanchéité pour sa mise en oeuvre
FR2634808A2 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1990-02-02 Soprema Sa Systeme pour l'isolation des toitures
GB2286148A (en) * 1994-02-02 1995-08-09 Glynwed Plastics Securing thermosetting elastomeric and thermoplastics components together
WO2003011573A1 (fr) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-13 Cooperative Research Centre For Advanced Composite Structures Ltd Methodes de soudage pour composants polymeres ou polymeres composites

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1663617A4 (fr) * 2003-09-18 2010-03-10 Cooperative Res Ct For Advance Techniques de fa onnage de surfaces fonctionnelles pour des composants composites polymeres

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB865806A (en) * 1960-02-19 1961-04-19 Dunlop Rubber Co Method of bonding ethylene polymers or copolymers to elastomers
US3650870A (en) * 1968-09-05 1972-03-21 Inventa Ag Process for the continuous manufacture of capillary blocks
GB1382826A (en) * 1971-03-19 1975-02-05 Dunlop Ltd Bonding polyolefin rubbers

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1848076A (en) * 1929-02-04 1932-03-01 Carey Philip Mfg Co Method of applying waterproof sheets
FR1511612A (fr) * 1966-12-19 1968-02-02 Perfectionnements aux feuilles en caoutchouc de butyle, en particulier pour leur pose sur les toits
SE331347B (fr) * 1967-06-26 1970-12-21 Trelleborgs Gummifabriks Ab
DE2752490A1 (de) * 1977-11-24 1979-05-31 Phoenix Ag Abschlussbahn

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB865806A (en) * 1960-02-19 1961-04-19 Dunlop Rubber Co Method of bonding ethylene polymers or copolymers to elastomers
US3650870A (en) * 1968-09-05 1972-03-21 Inventa Ag Process for the continuous manufacture of capillary blocks
GB1382826A (en) * 1971-03-19 1975-02-05 Dunlop Ltd Bonding polyolefin rubbers

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2623542A2 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1989-05-26 Soprema Sa Systeme pour l'isolation des toitures
FR2634808A2 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1990-02-02 Soprema Sa Systeme pour l'isolation des toitures
EP0196267A2 (fr) * 1985-03-25 1986-10-01 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Feuille de revêtement en caoutchouc avec bord adhésif intégré
EP0196267A3 (fr) * 1985-03-25 1989-04-26 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Feuille de revêtement en caoutchouc avec bord adhésif intégré
EP0316497A1 (fr) * 1987-11-19 1989-05-24 Soprema S.A. Système pour l'isolation thermique et l'étanchéité des toitures, et feuille d'étanchéité pour sa mise en oeuvre
EP0352394A1 (fr) * 1988-07-29 1990-01-31 Soprema S.A. Système pour l'isolation thermique et l'étanchéisation des toitures, et feuille d'étanchéité pour sa mise en oeuvre
GB2286148A (en) * 1994-02-02 1995-08-09 Glynwed Plastics Securing thermosetting elastomeric and thermoplastics components together
GB2286148B (en) * 1994-02-02 1997-10-01 Glynwed Plastics Securing elastomeric and thermoplastics components together
WO2003011573A1 (fr) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-13 Cooperative Research Centre For Advanced Composite Structures Ltd Methodes de soudage pour composants polymeres ou polymeres composites
KR100917851B1 (ko) * 2001-07-31 2009-09-18 어드밴스드 콤포지트 스트럭쳐즈 리미티드 고분자 또는 고분자 복합체 제품의 결합 기술
US8790486B2 (en) 2001-07-31 2014-07-29 Advanced Composite Structure Australia Party Ltd Welding techniques for polymer or polymer composite components

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3578504D1 (de) 1990-08-09
EP0156536A2 (fr) 1985-10-02
EP0156536A3 (en) 1987-01-28

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