EP0156536B1 - Schweissbare Membran und Übertragungsband zum Gebrauch bei der Herstellung derselben - Google Patents

Schweissbare Membran und Übertragungsband zum Gebrauch bei der Herstellung derselben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0156536B1
EP0156536B1 EP85301438A EP85301438A EP0156536B1 EP 0156536 B1 EP0156536 B1 EP 0156536B1 EP 85301438 A EP85301438 A EP 85301438A EP 85301438 A EP85301438 A EP 85301438A EP 0156536 B1 EP0156536 B1 EP 0156536B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet material
adhesive
heat
sheet
adhesive layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85301438A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0156536A3 (en
EP0156536A2 (de
Inventor
Dennis L. C/O Minnesota Mining And Levens
Richard L. C/O Minnesota Mining And Renstrom
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3M Co
Original Assignee
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US06/592,711 external-priority patent/US4732635A/en
Application filed by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Publication of EP0156536A2 publication Critical patent/EP0156536A2/de
Publication of EP0156536A3 publication Critical patent/EP0156536A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0156536B1 publication Critical patent/EP0156536B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
    • E04D5/12—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form specially modified, e.g. perforated, with granulated surface, with attached pads

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the sealing of overlapped rubbery olefinic polymer (i.e., homopolymer, copolymer, terpolymer, etc.) sheets to each other, to spliceable sheets, to a method of making such sheets, and to the fabrication of a roof covering using such sheets.
  • overlapped rubbery olefinic polymer i.e., homopolymer, copolymer, terpolymer, etc.
  • Rubbery olefinic polymer sheet material finds widespread industrial use in applications where it is necessary to contain or exclude liquids. Compared to vinyl sheet material, the rubbery olefinic polymer sheet materials have longer life, greater flexibility and resilience at low temperatures, ability to withstand high temperatures without stretching or softening unduly, and superior resistance to ultraviolet light.
  • the most widely used rubbers for formulating these sheets are polymers of ethylene, propylene, and diene monomers (commonly known as EPDM), butyl rubber, and blends of the two.
  • EPDM polymers of ethylene, propylene, and diene monomers
  • butyl rubber butyl rubber
  • the olefinic polymers are commonly blended with desired fillers, coloring agents, extenders, vulcanizing or crosslinking agents, antioxidants, etc.
  • membranes typically on the order of 1.5 millimeters thick and 2 to 6 meters wide. These membranes are then heated to perhaps 150°C. for 2 hours to effect vulcanization.
  • spliced rubbery membranes are laid over new or existing roofs and typically either fastened down (e.g., at 40-centimeter intervals) with metal battens or ballasted with round river-washed stones.
  • roof temperatures may approach the boiling point of water when exposed to the summer sun, and they may sink to -30°C. - or even lower- during the winter.
  • US-A-3,650,874 discloses heat-sealable rubber products e.g. rubberised fabric, which are coated with a thin layer of polyolefin, the polyolefin having a melt index of less than 0.15 "when measured according to the standard ASTM 1238-57T modified by adding a supplementary load of 3 kg". It is taught that only low melt-index polyolefins can be adhered to rubber. Furthermore, it is taught that a layer of high melt-index polyolefin can be indirectly adhered to the rubber by sealing it to the coating of low melt-index polyolefin on the surface of the rubber.
  • DE-A-2,752,490 discloses a composite roofing membrane comprising a lower thermoplastic sheet having a softening point between 100° and 200°C and a protective rubber sheet laid on top of the thermoplastic sheet so as to leave a border area of the thermoplastic sheet exposed. This border area can be heat-sealed to the edge portion of the thermoplastic sheet of a similar composite roofing membrane to form a lapped seam.
  • the protective rubber sheet of the disclosed roofing membrane is not firmly bonded to the polyolefin sheet and it is stated that "the limited adhesive strength between the upper and the lower layers also has the advantage, that strips of the upper layer may be separated from the composite sheet during the installation of the roofing sheets".
  • GB-A-1,382,826 discloses a spliceable sheet material suitable for use in the fabrication of lapped-seam membrane roofing, comprising in combination: a rubbery water-impermeable membrane consisting essentially of thermoset elastomeric olefin polymer, said membrane having on one side, at least in a border area along one edge, an adhesive layer of heat-sealable polyolefin that is capable of wetting the thermoset olefin polymer, and is firmly bonded thereto.
  • the present invention provides a spliceable sheet material as disclosed in GB-A-1,382,826 characterised in that said heat-sealable polyolefin has a softening point of at least 120°C, and a melt index of 0.5 or greater.
  • the resultant splices are strong, resistant to temperature extremes, and able to withstand the expansion and contraction that results from exposure to summer and winter conditions, all the while maintaining a water-tight seal.
  • the invention also provides a method of making the above sheet material, comprising applying said adhesive layer to an uncured sheet of elastomeric olefin polymer, and then applying heat and pressure to the resulting assembly sufficient to cure the elastomeric olefin polymer and simultaneously bond the adhesive layer thereto.
  • the adhesive layer of heat-sealable polyolefin is a thin layer e.g. of thickness 90 urn. Further preferred embodiments are claimed in the dependent claims.
  • a presently preferred material for the rubbery olefin polymer membrane is EPDM
  • a presently preferred adhesive is linear low density polyethylene having a softening point (as defined in ASTM Test D-16, Procedure 19) of at least 120°C.
  • polyethylene may include the normally employed stabilizers, filers, extenders, processing aids, pigments, and the like.
  • Other suitable adhesives can be formulated from thermoplastic blends of polyethylene and polypropylene, homopolymers of olefin monomers, polymers of two or more olefin monomers, etc., provided that the softening point meets the stated temperature requirement.
  • the melt index of the adhesive is desirably at least 0.5 a melt index of about 1 being presently preferred.
  • the softening point of the heat-sealable adhesive should not exceed 250°C., and preferably is significantly lower, to minimize the possibility of degrading the rubbery membrane.
  • a presently preferred spliceable sheet material of the type described in the preceding paragraph is one in which linear low density polyethylene is adhered to the border area on one side of the rubbery sheet material adjacent a lateral edge and also on the border area on the other side adjacent the opposite lateral edge, this arrangement lending itself to a natural shingling type of overlapping.
  • a simple but unique transfer tape having particular utility in making the spliceable border areas of the sheet material just described comprises a release liner having strippably adhered to one face a thin layer of heat-sealable adhesive.
  • a preferred transfer tape construction comprises a polyester film release liner, e.g., biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate, carrying a heat-sealable thermoplastic polyolefin layer, e.g., linear low density polyethylene.
  • Spliceable rubbery sheet material may then conveniently be fabricated by placing the adhesive surface of the transfer tape in contact with the appropriate area or areas of the rubbery membrane and applying sufficient heat and pressure to melt the adhesive and bond it to the membrane.
  • a particularly preferred method is to place the transfer tape in contact with the unvulcanized sheet material, apply sufficient pressure to maintain intimate contact between the tape material and heat the assembly to a temperature high enough to vulcanize (i.e., crosslink, or thermoset) the olefin polymer and, at the same time, soften the adhesive, thereby permitting it to wet and upon cooling, bond firmly to the olefinic polymer sheet.
  • the release liner may then remain in place to protect the adhesive from contamination and be removed at the time a splice is to be made.
  • the sheet material of the invention may be used to form a roof covering by a method as claimed in claim 14.
  • a linear low density polyethylene (Union Carbide "G-Resin 7047 Natural 7"), having a melt index of 1.0, was extruded through a slot die having an opening of 0.56 mm at a die head temperature of 250°C.
  • the extruded polyethylene film was contacted by a 38- micrometer polyester film; the resulting laminate was pulled between a rubber roll and metal roll, located approximately 75 mm from the die opening. The rolls were driven at a considerably faster surface speed than the rate at which the polyethylene was extruded, so that the polyethylene thickness was reduced to approximately 90 micrometers. Samples approximately 75 mm x 100 mm were then cut from the laminate and used for further testing. The polyethylene was tack-free at room temperature.
  • a sample of the laminate was positioned with the polyethylene layer against a smooth sheet of 1.5-mm cured EPDM rubber, and placed for 30 seconds in a press heated to 218°C. under a pressure of approximately 35 kPa. The sample was then removed from the press and allowed to cool to room temperature, after which the polyester release liner was stripped away, exposing the heat-sealable polyethylene surface.
  • the stripping force required was about 0.03 N/cm width. Values of at least about 0.02 N/cm are desirable for ease in processing, values somewhat in excess of 0.1 N/cm being satisfactory but not preferred. Significantly higher stripping values make the product more difficult for the end user to remove the release liner.
  • a polyethylene-polypropylene blend (Eastman Chemical Company "Tenite” 5321E polyallomer) was extruded through a 0.38-mm 240°C. die head and processed as in Example 1.
  • one entire side of the rubber membrane may be coated with heat-sealable coating.
  • rolls of the membrane may be slit to any desired width, e.g., to fit narrow portions of a roof, while still maintaining heat-sealable coating adjacent each edge.
  • Another advantage achieved by overall coating with heat-sealable adhesive is the ability to seal directly to the upper surface of batten strips that have been nailed or otherwise affixed to the roof substrate, thereby permitting completely imperforate roofing membrane construction.
  • batten strips made of polyethylene which are not only moisture- and rust-resistant but also inherently possess heat-sealable properties and are compatible with the thermoplastic olefinic heat-sealable coating on the roofing membrane. If, of course, the polyethylene batten strips are used only in the spliced areas, it is adequate to have heat-sealable adhesive only in the border area of the lower membrane, where it will contact the batten strip.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (17)

1. Spleißbares Blattmaterial, das für die Verwendung bei der Herstellung von Membrandachbelag mit Überlappfugen geeignet ist, umfassend, im Kombination: eine gummiartige, wasserundurchlässige Membran, die im wesentlichen aus einem duroplastischen elastomeren Olefinpolymer besteht und die auf einer Seite mindestens im Bereich eines Randes mit einer Klebstoffschicht aus einem heißsiegelbaren Polyolefin versehen ist, das zum Benetzen des duroplastischen Olefinpolymers befähigt und stoffschlüssig fest damit verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das heißsiegelbare Polyolefin einen Erweichungspunkt von mindestens 120°C und einen Schmelzindex von 0,5 oder mehr hat.
2. Band aus einem Blattmaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Klebstoffschicht nur im Bereich eines Seitenrandes des Streifens vorgesehen ist.
3. Band aus einem Blattmaterial nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei derartige Klebstoffschichten vorgesehen sind, von denen die eine nur im Bereich eines Seitenrandes des Bandes und die andere nur auf der entgegengesetzten Fläche des Bandes im Bereich des entgegengesetzten Seitenrandes des Bandes vorgesehen ist.
4. Rolle aus Blattmaterial nach Anspruch 1.
5. Blattmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Klebstoffschicht eine Dicke von etwa 90 um hat.
6. Blattmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch das Olefinpolymer im wesentlichen aus polymerisiertem Monomeren des Ethylens, Propylens und Diens (EPDM) besteht.
7. Blattmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Klebstoff ein Olefinhomopolymer ist.
8. Blattmaterial nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der heißsiegelbare Klebstoff ein lineares Polyethylen von geringer Dichte und mit einem Schmelzindex von ungefähr 1,0 ist.
9. Blattmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der heißsiegelbare Klebstoff mit einer abziehbaren Abdeckung geschützt ist.
10. Blattmaterial nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antihaftabdeckung aus einer Folie aus biaxial orientiertem Polyethylenterephthalat besteht.
11. Blattmaterial nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Klebstoff ein Gemisch aus Polyethylen und Polypropylen ist.
12. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Blattmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 und 11, in dem die Klebstoffschicht auf ein ungehärtetes Blatt aus einem elastomeren Olefinpolymer aufgetragen und die so erhaltene Anordnung der Einwirkung von Wärme und Druck in einem solchen Maße unterworfen wird, daß das elastomere Olefinpolymer gehärtet und gleichzeitig die Klebstoffschicht stoffschlüssig damit verbunden wird.
13. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Blattmaterial nach Anspruch 9 oder 10 mit folgenden Schritten:
a. es wird en ungehärtetes, aber härtbares Blatt aus einer polyolefinischen Verbindung beschafft,
b. ein Übertragungsband mit einer thermoplastischen olefinischen Schicht auf einer abziehbaren Antihaftauflage wird mit einem Randbereich auf einer Seite des Blattes in Berührung gebracht, wobei die olefinische Schicht des Bandes einen Erweichungspunkt von mindestens 120°C und einen Schmelzindex von mindestens 0,5 hat und mit dem Blatt in Berührung steht, so daß eine Anordnung erhalten wird,
c. diese Anordnung wird solange einem erhöhten Druck und einer erhöhten Temperatur unterworfen, daß die genannte Verbindung gehärtet und die heißsiegelbare thermoplastische olefinische Schicht mit dem gehärteten Blattmaterial fest stoffschlüssig verbunden wird.
14. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Dachbelages mit folgenden Schritten: ein Blatt aus einem Material nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 wird auf ein Dach gelegt, ein weiteres Blatt aus einem Material nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 wird so gelegt, daß die Klebstoffschicht eines der Blätter auf dem anderen Blatt liegt, durch Erhitzen der Klebstoffschicht werden die Blätter stoffschlüssig miteinander verbunden, und diese Schritte werden mit weiteren derartigen Blättern wiederholt, soweit es zur Bildung des Dachbelages notwendig ist.
15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Blätter auf Fugendeckleisten aus Kunststoff gelegt und mit ihnen verklebt werden, die vorher auf der Dachunterlage befestigt worden sind.
16. Verbundmembran mit zwei oder mehreren Blättern aus einem Blattmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, wobei diese Blätter einander überlappend durch die Klebstoffschicht formschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind.
17. Verbundmembran nach Anspruch 16, die eine Dachbelagmembran ist.
EP85301438A 1984-03-23 1985-03-01 Schweissbare Membran und Übertragungsband zum Gebrauch bei der Herstellung derselben Expired - Lifetime EP0156536B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US59262084A 1984-03-23 1984-03-23
US592620 1984-03-23
US592711 1984-03-23
US06/592,711 US4732635A (en) 1984-03-23 1984-03-23 Method of making spliceable sheet material

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0156536A2 EP0156536A2 (de) 1985-10-02
EP0156536A3 EP0156536A3 (en) 1987-01-28
EP0156536B1 true EP0156536B1 (de) 1990-07-04

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EP85301438A Expired - Lifetime EP0156536B1 (de) 1984-03-23 1985-03-01 Schweissbare Membran und Übertragungsband zum Gebrauch bei der Herstellung derselben

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0156536B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3578504D1 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0196267A2 (de) * 1985-03-25 1986-10-01 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Bekleidungsbogen aus Gummi mit integriertem Klebrand
EP0316497A1 (de) * 1987-11-19 1989-05-24 Soprema S.A. Bauweise zur Wärmedämmung und Dichtung von Dächern und Dichtungsschicht zu ihrer Verwendung
FR2623542A2 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1989-05-26 Soprema Sa Systeme pour l'isolation des toitures
EP0352394A1 (de) * 1988-07-29 1990-01-31 Soprema S.A. Bauweise zur Wärmedämmung und Dichtung von Dächern und Dichtungsschicht zu deren Verwendung
FR2634808A2 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1990-02-02 Soprema Sa Systeme pour l'isolation des toitures
GB2286148A (en) * 1994-02-02 1995-08-09 Glynwed Plastics Securing thermosetting elastomeric and thermoplastics components together
WO2003011573A1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-13 Cooperative Research Centre For Advanced Composite Structures Ltd Welding techniques for polymer or polymer composite components

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7985365B2 (en) 2003-09-18 2011-07-26 Cooperative Research Centre For Advanced Composite Structures Limited Functional surface shaping techniques for polymer composite components

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB865806A (en) * 1960-02-19 1961-04-19 Dunlop Rubber Co Method of bonding ethylene polymers or copolymers to elastomers
US3650870A (en) * 1968-09-05 1972-03-21 Inventa Ag Process for the continuous manufacture of capillary blocks
GB1382826A (en) * 1971-03-19 1975-02-05 Dunlop Ltd Bonding polyolefin rubbers

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1848076A (en) * 1929-02-04 1932-03-01 Carey Philip Mfg Co Method of applying waterproof sheets
FR1511612A (fr) * 1966-12-19 1968-02-02 Perfectionnements aux feuilles en caoutchouc de butyle, en particulier pour leur pose sur les toits
SE331347B (de) * 1967-06-26 1970-12-21 Trelleborgs Gummifabriks Ab
DE2752490A1 (de) * 1977-11-24 1979-05-31 Phoenix Ag Abschlussbahn

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB865806A (en) * 1960-02-19 1961-04-19 Dunlop Rubber Co Method of bonding ethylene polymers or copolymers to elastomers
US3650870A (en) * 1968-09-05 1972-03-21 Inventa Ag Process for the continuous manufacture of capillary blocks
GB1382826A (en) * 1971-03-19 1975-02-05 Dunlop Ltd Bonding polyolefin rubbers

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2623542A2 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1989-05-26 Soprema Sa Systeme pour l'isolation des toitures
FR2634808A2 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1990-02-02 Soprema Sa Systeme pour l'isolation des toitures
EP0196267A2 (de) * 1985-03-25 1986-10-01 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Bekleidungsbogen aus Gummi mit integriertem Klebrand
EP0196267A3 (de) * 1985-03-25 1989-04-26 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Bekleidungsbogen aus Gummi mit integriertem Klebrand
EP0316497A1 (de) * 1987-11-19 1989-05-24 Soprema S.A. Bauweise zur Wärmedämmung und Dichtung von Dächern und Dichtungsschicht zu ihrer Verwendung
EP0352394A1 (de) * 1988-07-29 1990-01-31 Soprema S.A. Bauweise zur Wärmedämmung und Dichtung von Dächern und Dichtungsschicht zu deren Verwendung
GB2286148A (en) * 1994-02-02 1995-08-09 Glynwed Plastics Securing thermosetting elastomeric and thermoplastics components together
GB2286148B (en) * 1994-02-02 1997-10-01 Glynwed Plastics Securing elastomeric and thermoplastics components together
WO2003011573A1 (en) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-13 Cooperative Research Centre For Advanced Composite Structures Ltd Welding techniques for polymer or polymer composite components
KR100917851B1 (ko) * 2001-07-31 2009-09-18 어드밴스드 콤포지트 스트럭쳐즈 리미티드 고분자 또는 고분자 복합체 제품의 결합 기술
US8790486B2 (en) 2001-07-31 2014-07-29 Advanced Composite Structure Australia Party Ltd Welding techniques for polymer or polymer composite components

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0156536A3 (en) 1987-01-28
EP0156536A2 (de) 1985-10-02
DE3578504D1 (de) 1990-08-09

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