EP0154939B1 - Oil-cooled, two-piece linked piston - Google Patents

Oil-cooled, two-piece linked piston Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0154939B1
EP0154939B1 EP85102582A EP85102582A EP0154939B1 EP 0154939 B1 EP0154939 B1 EP 0154939B1 EP 85102582 A EP85102582 A EP 85102582A EP 85102582 A EP85102582 A EP 85102582A EP 0154939 B1 EP0154939 B1 EP 0154939B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
oil
cooling
cylinder
lower section
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EP85102582A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0154939A2 (en
EP0154939A3 (en
Inventor
Ludwig Elsbett
Günter Elsbett
Klaus Elsbett
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/08—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of lubricant jetting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/11—Thermal or acoustic insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/11—Thermal or acoustic insulation
    • F02B77/13—Acoustic insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/006—Camshaft or pushrod housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
    • F01M5/002—Cooling
    • F01M2005/004—Oil-cooled engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P2003/006—Liquid cooling the liquid being oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F2200/00—Manufacturing
    • F02F2200/06—Casting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0448—Steel

Definitions

  • the proposal has already been made to equip the lower part of the piston with oil guide surfaces in a two-part piston (cf. DE-OS 25 434 78).
  • the heat can be dissipated from the cylinder via the lower piston part and the oil spray cooling to the inside of the oil, and heat can also be transferred from the upper cylinder part to the lower cylinder part, which brings about a standardization of the cylinder temperature (cf. DE-ES 33 14 543) .
  • the state of the art with regard to the internal oil spray cooling and the lower piston part of a two-part piston has the result that, although the cylinder temperature is standardized in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, a uniform temperature level is not achieved in the cylinder circumference. However, it is precisely the internal oil spray cooling which is to be able to be aligned uniformly or comparatively to the temperature of the entire inner surface of the cylinder. Because only the thermal roundness of the cylinder enables the installation of completely round pistons and thus the sealing play between piston and cylinder is reduced to a minimum.
  • the newly developed proposal is to improve the internal oil cooling of the cylinder by staggering the backflow of the sprayed cooling oil in the lower part of the piston by 90 °.
  • the lower piston part should have several guide surfaces, with at least one inner guide surface (along the pin) aligning the cooling oil to the pin and past it towards the upper piston part in a known manner, while at least one outer guide surface ensures the return flow of the oil, specifically across the pin axis, so that the cooling oil (in the previously not cooled area) is drained off on the cylinder wall.
  • the oil spraying up from below cools indirectly via the inner oil guide surface (s) the cylinder areas, which are in the longitudinal position of the pin, while the returning oil, which is not steered on the upper part of the piston, cools the cylinder areas diagonally to the position of the pin.
  • thermal out-of-roundness of cast-in cylinder bushes can be compensated for by the proposed internal cooling and the piston lower part; stronger cooling across the pin axis results in an even tempering of the cylinder as a whole.
  • Fig. 1 In Fig. 1, the inner and outer oil flushing of the cylinder is shown, part (1) representing the motor housing with the oil channel (2). On the oil channel (2), which is fed with lubricating oil, one or more oil splashes (3) are arranged, which spray the interior of the cylinder (4) in the plane of motion of the connecting rod.
  • the spray oil (5) is controlled by guide vanes (6) in the direction of the upper piston part (7) and from there is conveyed back from above (5a) to the lower piston part (8).
  • the piston lower part (8) On the inside of the cylinder, better oil cooling is achieved over the entire circumference of the cylinder.
  • the piston lower part (8) has on its inside next to the mentioned guide vanes (6), which run in the direction of the piston pin (20), on its outside, guide surfaces (31) (Fig. 2), which are transverse to the piston pin (20) stand. Oil cooling thus reaches the entire cylinder circumference and approximately 80% of the cylinder length of the inner cylinder surface up to the level of the upper piston part.
  • the inner cooling oil does not reach the cylinder surface covered by the piston sealing jacket (22), which is why the sealing jacket is cooled on its inner surface with spray oil (5a).
  • An annular channel (10) is inserted approximately as deep as the length of the sealing jacket, so that good oil cooling is guaranteed on both sides of this important upper cylinder part.
  • a combustion process is provided in the piston combustion chamber (27), in which the excess air (29) rotates around the hot combustion zone (28), which provides good protection against high temperatures in the upper piston part (7).
  • Fig. 2 shows a section of the lower piston part (8) in the direction of the piston pin with the outer guide surfaces (31) which catch the spray oil (5a) (Fig. 1) thrown back by the upper piston part (7) (Fig. 1) .
  • the oil is held here briefly by the lower oil sealing edge (33) in order to achieve more intensive cooling of the cylinder wall in this plane. It then flows through the holes or a slot (34) into the lower part of the cylinder (4).
  • the arrows (5a) show the oil (5) previously sprayed up on the guide surfaces (6), which is deflected back by the piston top and transversely to the injection plane (offset by 90 °) through the new guide surfaces (31) its outflow to the lower part of the cylinder ( 4) takes place.
  • more or fewer guide surfaces including those that are divided or at an angle to one another can be used for other application examples; as well as the shape of the inner or outer guide surfaces should not be determined by this example and also not the type of bore or the dissipating slot.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Description

Hohe Motorleistungen können heute mit Ölkühlung bei Brennkraftmaschinen gefahren werden, deren Kolben und Brennverfahren so gestaltet sind, daß nur wenig Wärme aus dem Brennraum an die Zylinderwand fließt. Im Zusammenhang mit den Möglichkeiten der Ölkühlung erfährt auch die Ausgestaltung der inneren Ölspritzkühlung zunehmend an Bedeutung, zumal sie die äußere Umlaufkühlung bis in die Höhe des Ringträgers des Kolbenoberteils zu ersetzen vermag (vgl. DE-OS 33 14 543).Today, high engine outputs can be operated with oil cooling in internal combustion engines, whose pistons and combustion processes are designed so that only little heat flows from the combustion chamber to the cylinder wall. In connection with the possibilities of oil cooling, the design of the internal oil spray cooling is becoming increasingly important, especially since it can replace the external circulation cooling up to the level of the ring carrier of the piston upper part (cf. DE-OS 33 14 543).

Es wurde bereits der Vorschlag gemacht, bei einem Kolben zweiteiliger Bauart das Kolbenunterteil mit Ölleitflächen zu bestücken (vgl. DE-OS 25 434 78). Die Wärmeabfuhr vom Zylinder kann dabei über das Kolbenunterteil und über die Ölspritzkühlung nach innen in das Öl erfolgen, und es kann auch Wärme vom oberen Zylinderteil zum unteren Zylinderteil verbracht werden, was eine Vereinheitlichung der Zylindertemperatur herbeiführt (vgl. DE-ES 33 14 543).The proposal has already been made to equip the lower part of the piston with oil guide surfaces in a two-part piston (cf. DE-OS 25 434 78). The heat can be dissipated from the cylinder via the lower piston part and the oil spray cooling to the inside of the oil, and heat can also be transferred from the upper cylinder part to the lower cylinder part, which brings about a standardization of the cylinder temperature (cf. DE-ES 33 14 543) .

Leistungsbegrenzungen dieser Ölkühlung sind nach dem Stand der Technik allerdings dadurch gegeben, daß mittels der bisher bekannten Ölleitflächen (Prallflächen) zwar der Bolzen gut geschmiert werden kann, der Wärmeentzug vom Zylinder im Bereich des Kolbenunterteils aber intensiv nur entlang dieser Ölleitflächen geschieht, quer zum Kolbenbolzenlager aber die Abkühlung des Zylinders noch gesteigert werden muß.However, according to the prior art, the power cooling of this oil cooling system is limited by the fact that the bolt can be well lubricated using the previously known oil guide surfaces (baffle surfaces), but the heat removal from the cylinder in the area of the lower piston part occurs intensively only along these oil guide surfaces, but across the piston pin bearing the cooling of the cylinder still needs to be increased.

Dieser Nachteil macht sich in der Motorpraxis namentlich im Falle zusammengegossener Zylinder bemerkbar, wo die Nachteile einer minderen Kühlung in Kurbelwellenrichtung aufgrund der zusammengegossenen Zylinder und der fehlenden äußeren Kühlung mit den Nachteilen einer minderen inneren Ölkühlung quer zur Kolbenbolzenrichtung im Bereich des Kolbenunterteils aufgrund der im letzten Absatz geschilderten Mängel zusammentreffen.This disadvantage is particularly noticeable in engine practice in the case of cast cylinders, where the disadvantages of less cooling in the direction of the crankshaft due to the cast cylinders and the lack of external cooling with the disadvantages of less internal oil cooling transversely to the piston pin direction in the area of the lower piston part due to the last paragraph described shortcomings meet.

So hat der Stand der Technik bezüglich der inneren Ölspritzkühlung und des Kolbenunterteils eines zweiteiligen Kolbens zur Folge, daß zwar die Vereinheitlichung der Zylindertemperatur in Längsrichtung des Zylinders gegeben ist, nicht aber im Zylinderumfang ein einheitliches Temperaturniveau erreicht wird. Es soll aber gerade die inner Ölspritzkühlung in die Lage versetzt werden, gleichmäßig bzw. vergleichmäßigend auf die Temperatur der gesamten Zylinderinnenfläche ausgerichtet zu sein. Denn erst die thermische Rundheit des Zylinders ermöglicht auch den Einbau völlig runder Kolben und damit die Reduzierung des Dichtspiels zwischen Kolben und Zylinder auf ein Kleinstmaß. Es ist in der oben erwähnten DE-OS 25 43 478 ein ölgekühlter, zweiteiliger Gelenkkolben dargestellt und beschrieben, dessen Kolbenboden von unten durch eine Öleinspritzung gekühlt wird, wobei dort ebenfalls Leitflächen (21) zum Zuführen des Kühlöles zum Kolbenbolden sowie Leitflächen (27) zum Abführen des Kühlöles zum Kurbelgehäuse vorhanden sind. Das Kühlöl kann dort jedoch nur auf einer Seite des Kolbenbolzens eingespritzt werden, und das zurückströmende Kühlöl trifft vorwiegend in einer Ebene auf die Zylinderwand, die quer zum Kolbenbolzen verläuft.Thus, the state of the art with regard to the internal oil spray cooling and the lower piston part of a two-part piston has the result that, although the cylinder temperature is standardized in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, a uniform temperature level is not achieved in the cylinder circumference. However, it is precisely the internal oil spray cooling which is to be able to be aligned uniformly or comparatively to the temperature of the entire inner surface of the cylinder. Because only the thermal roundness of the cylinder enables the installation of completely round pistons and thus the sealing play between piston and cylinder is reduced to a minimum. It is shown and described in the above-mentioned DE-OS 25 43 478 an oil-cooled, two-part articulated piston, the piston crown of which is cooled from below by an oil injection, there also guide surfaces (21) for supplying the cooling oil to the piston boss and guide surfaces (27) for Drain the cooling oil to the crankcase. However, the cooling oil can only be injected there on one side of the piston pin, and the cooling oil flowing back hits the cylinder wall predominantly in one plane, which runs transversely to the piston pin.

Es ist Aufgabe vorliegender Anmeldung, die Temperaturverteilung der Zylinderinnenfläche auch umfangmäßig zu vergleichmäßigen. Dies wird mit den Maßnahmen des 1. Anspruchs gewährleistet. Ausgestaltungen sind den weiteren Ansprüchen zu entnehmen.It is the task of the present application to make the temperature distribution of the inner surface of the cylinder evenly uniform. This is guaranteed with the measures of the 1st claim. Refinements can be found in the further claims.

Der neu erarbeitete Vorschlag besteht darin, die innere Ölkühlung des Zylinders dadurch zu verbessern, daß im Kolbenunterteil der Rückfluß des hochgespritzen Kühlöles um 90° versetzt geschieht. Das Kolbenunterteil soll mehrere Leitflächen besitzen, wobei mindestens eine innere Leitfläche (längs zum Bolzen) in bekannter Weise das Kühlöl zum Bolzen und an diesem vorbei zum Kolbenoberteil hin ausrichten, während mindestens eine äußere Leitfläche den Rückfluß des Öles besorgt, und zwar quer zur Bolzenachse, so daß das Kühlöl (in dem bisher nicht gekühlten Bereich) an der Zylinderwand abgeleitet wird. Das von unten hochspritzende Öl kühlt über die innere(n) Ölleitfläche(n) die Zylinderbereiche, die in Längslage des Bolzens befindlich sind indirekt, während das rückströmende Öl, das am Kolbenoberteil ungelenkt wird, die Zylinderbereiche quer zur Lage des Bolzens direkt kühlt.The newly developed proposal is to improve the internal oil cooling of the cylinder by staggering the backflow of the sprayed cooling oil in the lower part of the piston by 90 °. The lower piston part should have several guide surfaces, with at least one inner guide surface (along the pin) aligning the cooling oil to the pin and past it towards the upper piston part in a known manner, while at least one outer guide surface ensures the return flow of the oil, specifically across the pin axis, so that the cooling oil (in the previously not cooled area) is drained off on the cylinder wall. The oil spraying up from below cools indirectly via the inner oil guide surface (s) the cylinder areas, which are in the longitudinal position of the pin, while the returning oil, which is not steered on the upper part of the piston, cools the cylinder areas diagonally to the position of the pin.

Das über die äußere(n) Leitfläche(n) zurückfließende Öl wird sodann durch einen Abdichtrand am unterend Ende des Kolbenunterteils, der am Zylinder anliegt, zurückgehalten oder durch einen Schlitz oder eine Bohrung nach unten entlassen.The oil flowing back over the outer guide surface (s) is then retained by a sealing edge at the lower end of the lower piston part, which bears against the cylinder, or discharged downward through a slot or a bore.

Die Vorteile einer solchen Kühlung führen zur Behebung der bisherigen Mängel. Die thermische Rundheit des Zylinders ermöglicht, daß der Kolben dadurch bie gasdichter ausgeführt werden kann. Er kann bereits oberhalb der Kolbenringe völlig dicht an den Zylindern angelegt werden. In diesem Punkt sind alle bisherigen Kühlungsarten deshalb mangelhaft, weil die Kolben der thermischen Unrundheit des Zylinders nicht angepaßt werden können. In den Dichtspalten aber entstehen Schadstoffe (z.B. CH), und eine solche Bewegungsfreiheit des Kolbens erhöht die Geräuschbildung.The advantages of such cooling lead to the elimination of the previous shortcomings. The thermal roundness of the cylinder enables the piston to be made gas-tight. It can be placed close to the cylinders above the piston rings. All previous types of cooling are defective in this point because the pistons cannot be adapted to the thermal runout of the cylinder. However, pollutants (e.g. CH) are generated in the sealing gaps, and such freedom of movement for the piston increases noise.

Weiter kann sogar die thermische Unrundheit zusammengegossener Zylinderbüschen durch die vorgeschlagene innere Kühlung und das Kolbenunterteil ausgeglichen werden; eine stärkere Kühlung quer zur Bolzenachse erbringt eine gleichmäßige Temperierung des Zylinders insgesamt.Furthermore, the thermal out-of-roundness of cast-in cylinder bushes can be compensated for by the proposed internal cooling and the piston lower part; stronger cooling across the pin axis results in an even tempering of the cylinder as a whole.

Für die anteilmäßig größte Emission einer Brennkraftmaschine, die C02-Emission, wird es künftig bedeutsam sein, daß eine große Wärmedichtheit des Brennverfahrens mit einer optimalen Gasdichtheit von Kolben und Zylinder gepaart ist: je gleichmäßiger die Kühlung am ganzen Zylinderumfang stattfindet, desto höher kann das Temperaturniveau des Zylinders gewählt werden, was eine wichtige Voraussetzung für die Verbrennung von Pflanzenölen anstelle von Erdölprodukten darstellt; bezüglich der Abgase ergibt pflanzliches Öl eine neutrale COz-Biianz.For the proportionally largest emission of an internal combustion engine, the C0 2 emission, it will be important in the future that a high thermal tightness of the combustion process is paired with an optimal gas tightness of the piston and cylinder: the more uniformly the cooling takes place over the entire cylinder circumference, the higher this can be Temperature level of the cylinder can be selected, which is an important requirement for the combustion of vegetable oils instead of petroleum products; With regard to the exhaust gases, vegetable oil gives a neutral CO z balance.

Es folgt ein mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel.A possible embodiment follows.

BildbeschreibungImage description

Fig. 1: In Fig. 1 ist die innere und äußere Ölgespülung des Zylinders dargestellt, wobei Teil (1) das Motorgehäuse mit dem Ölkanal (2) darstellt. An dem Ölkanal (2), der mit Schmieröl gespeist wird, sind ein oder mehrere Ölspritzer (3) angeordnet, die das Innere des Zylinders (4) in der Bewegungsebene des Pleuels anspritzen. Das Spritzöl (5) wird von Leitschaufeln (6) in Richtung des Kolbenoberteils (7) gesteuert und von dort wieder von oben (5a) zum Kolbenunterteil (8) aurückbefördert.Fig. 1: In Fig. 1, the inner and outer oil flushing of the cylinder is shown, part (1) representing the motor housing with the oil channel (2). On the oil channel (2), which is fed with lubricating oil, one or more oil splashes (3) are arranged, which spray the interior of the cylinder (4) in the plane of motion of the connecting rod. The spray oil (5) is controlled by guide vanes (6) in the direction of the upper piston part (7) and from there is conveyed back from above (5a) to the lower piston part (8).

An der Innenseite des Zylinders wird eine bessere Ölkühlung am ganzen Zylinderumfang erreicht. Zu diesem Zweck hat das Kolbenunterteil (8) an seiner Innenseite neben den erwähnten Leitschaufeln (6), die in Richtung des Kolbenbolzens (20) verlaufen, an seiner Außenseite Leitflächen (31) (Fig. 2), die quer zum Kolbenbolzen (20) stehen. So erreicht die Ölkühlung den ganzen Zylinderumfang und etwa 80% der Zylinderlänge der inneren Zylinderfläche bis in Höhe des Kolbenoberteils. Nicht erreicht wird vom inneren Kühlöl die vom Kolbendichtmantel (22) abgedeckte Zylinderfläche, weshalb der Dichtmantel an seiner inneren Fläche mit Spritzöl (5a) gekühlt wird. Ein Ringkanal (10) ist etwa so tief eingestochen, wie die Länge des Dichtmantels beträgt, so daß auch an diesem wichtigen oberen Zylinderteil beiderseits gute Ölkühlung garantiert ist.On the inside of the cylinder, better oil cooling is achieved over the entire circumference of the cylinder. For this purpose, the piston lower part (8) has on its inside next to the mentioned guide vanes (6), which run in the direction of the piston pin (20), on its outside, guide surfaces (31) (Fig. 2), which are transverse to the piston pin (20) stand. Oil cooling thus reaches the entire cylinder circumference and approximately 80% of the cylinder length of the inner cylinder surface up to the level of the upper piston part. The inner cooling oil does not reach the cylinder surface covered by the piston sealing jacket (22), which is why the sealing jacket is cooled on its inner surface with spray oil (5a). An annular channel (10) is inserted approximately as deep as the length of the sealing jacket, so that good oil cooling is guaranteed on both sides of this important upper cylinder part.

Im Kolbenbrennraum (27) ist ein Brennverfahren vorgesehen, bei dem um die heiße Brennzone (28) die Überschußluft (29) rotiert, was einen guten Schutz gegen hohe Temperaturen im Kolbenoberteil (7) ergibt.A combustion process is provided in the piston combustion chamber (27), in which the excess air (29) rotates around the hot combustion zone (28), which provides good protection against high temperatures in the upper piston part (7).

Diese Art der geringen Aufheizung und Kühlung macht es möglich, daß die übliche Gasdichtung zwischen dem Zylinderkopf an der Verbindungsstelle (30) entfällt.This type of low heating and cooling makes it possible for the usual gas seal between the cylinder head at the connection point (30) to be dispensed with.

Fig. 2: Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt des Kolbenunterteils (8) in Richtung des Kolbenbolzens mit den äußeren Leitflächen (31), die das vom Kolbenoberteil (7) (Fig. 1) zurückgeworfene Spritzöl (5a) (Fig. 1) auffangen. Das Öl wird hier kurzzeitig durch den unteren Öldichtrand (33) festgehalten, um eine intensivere Zylinderwandkühlung in dieser Ebene zu erreichen. Es fließt dann durch die Bohrungen oder einen Schlitz (34) in den unteren Teil des Zylinders (4) ab. Die Pfeile (5a) zeigen das vormals an den Leitflächen (6) hochgespritzte Öl (5), das vom Kolbenoberteil zurückgelenkt ist und quer zur Anspritzebene (um 90° versetzt) durch die neuen Leitflächen (31) seinen Abfluß zum unteren Teil des Zylinders (4) findet.Fig. 2: Fig. 2 shows a section of the lower piston part (8) in the direction of the piston pin with the outer guide surfaces (31) which catch the spray oil (5a) (Fig. 1) thrown back by the upper piston part (7) (Fig. 1) . The oil is held here briefly by the lower oil sealing edge (33) in order to achieve more intensive cooling of the cylinder wall in this plane. It then flows through the holes or a slot (34) into the lower part of the cylinder (4). The arrows (5a) show the oil (5) previously sprayed up on the guide surfaces (6), which is deflected back by the piston top and transversely to the injection plane (offset by 90 °) through the new guide surfaces (31) its outflow to the lower part of the cylinder ( 4) takes place.

Anstatt der in dem Ausführungsbeispiel beschriebenen vier Leitflächen können für andere Anwendungsbeispiele auch mehr oder weniger Leitflächen einschließlich solcher, die geteilt sind oder in einem Winkel zueinander stehen, verwendet werden; sowie auch die Form der inneren oder äußeren Leitflächen durch dieses Beispiel nicht festgelegt sein soll und auch nicht die Art der Bohrung oder des abführenden Schlitzes.Instead of the four guide surfaces described in the exemplary embodiment, more or fewer guide surfaces including those that are divided or at an angle to one another can be used for other application examples; as well as the shape of the inner or outer guide surfaces should not be determined by this example and also not the type of bore or the dissipating slot.

Claims (4)

1. An oil-cooled two-section articulated piston, the sections of which are jointed by means of a pin (20), whereby the upper section, facing the combustion chamber (7), receives gas forces and the lower section, facing the crankshaft (8) receives lateral forces, provided with a piston bottom cooling taking place by means of an injection oil cooling (5) from the crankcase, and with conducting surfaces which are fitted under the piston bottom, characterized in that the lower section of the piston (8) presents four conducting surfaces, the internal guiding blades (6) directing the oil splashed upwards into the space beween the piston's lower and upper sections (5a), from where it is redirected down to the cylinder surfaces transverse to the pin axis by means of the external guiding surfaces (31).
2. An articulated piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling oil (5a) directed to the cylinder wall (4) is collected in an interspace between the side wall of the piston's lower section (8) and the cylinder wall (4) and is retained by an insulating rim (33) on the lower edge of the piston's lower section (8).
3. An articulated piston according to claim 2, characterized in that the cooling oil (5a) in the interspace flows to the crankcase through a slit or a bore (34).
4. An articulated piston according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cooling oil on both sides of the piston pink is splashed onto the appropriate guiding surfaces (6).
EP85102582A 1984-03-13 1985-03-07 Oil-cooled, two-piece linked piston Expired - Lifetime EP0154939B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3409101 1984-03-13
DE3409101 1984-03-13

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EP0154939A2 EP0154939A2 (en) 1985-09-18
EP0154939A3 EP0154939A3 (en) 1987-11-04
EP0154939B1 true EP0154939B1 (en) 1990-12-27

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EP85102582A Expired - Lifetime EP0154939B1 (en) 1984-03-13 1985-03-07 Oil-cooled, two-piece linked piston

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US (1) US4715335A (en)
EP (1) EP0154939B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS618418A (en)
DE (1) DE3581093D1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS618418A (en) 1986-01-16
EP0154939A2 (en) 1985-09-18
EP0154939A3 (en) 1987-11-04
JPH0262685B2 (en) 1990-12-26
US4715335A (en) 1987-12-29
DE3581093D1 (en) 1991-02-07

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