EP0154778A1 - Perforateur à percussion - Google Patents

Perforateur à percussion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0154778A1
EP0154778A1 EP85100637A EP85100637A EP0154778A1 EP 0154778 A1 EP0154778 A1 EP 0154778A1 EP 85100637 A EP85100637 A EP 85100637A EP 85100637 A EP85100637 A EP 85100637A EP 0154778 A1 EP0154778 A1 EP 0154778A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hammer drill
drill according
hammer
cap
cone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85100637A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0154778B1 (fr
Inventor
Ralf Buczeck
Hans-Philipp Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT85100637T priority Critical patent/ATE31102T1/de
Publication of EP0154778A1 publication Critical patent/EP0154778A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0154778B1 publication Critical patent/EP0154778B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pneumatically driven hammer drill, in particular a deep hole hammer, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such machines are known from DE-PS 28 16 737. They have an outer tube and an upper cap with a through hole for connection to a compressed air source and, if necessary, to a drill pipe.
  • a control part is supported in the cap, to which a central tube connects, which is designed as an air inlet and outlet tube with passages and a channel web insert and along which a pierced percussion piston in the outer tube can be moved up and down.
  • An internally profiled lower holding cap guides and holds an externally shaped, pierced shaft of a drill bit, which is provided with flushing holes and is movable up and down in the holding cap.
  • a short piston and chisel design with a correspondingly stable design in the impact area of the piston is desired.
  • the impact power and frequency should be increased with simple means and the air consumption should be reduced.
  • a basic idea of the invention is specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. Since at least one cone is present or can be attached to the chisel head, at the central tube end and / or in the percussion piston end, the reliability of the hammer is considerably increased even with rough operation with very little effort. Thanks to this measure, the chisel head and central tube end are separated by the cone clearance in every operating position, i.e. non-contact to each other. This results in a significant improvement compared to deep hole hammers as described in DE-AS 27 02 170 and DE-OS 31 19 760. In addition, icing due to adiabatic expansion no longer occurs in the narrow compression and buffer spaces thanks to the inner cone arrangement.
  • Embodiments of the invention are the subject of dependent claims 2 to 21.
  • the operational safety of the rotary hammer and its performance can be increased further by adding a buffer in the outer tube is held sleeve that slidably guides the chisel head or an intermediate piston, similar to that known from DE-FS 28 16 737.
  • a buffer in the outer tube is held sleeve that slidably guides the chisel head or an intermediate piston, similar to that known from DE-FS 28 16 737.
  • the construction provided here is considerably more stable; larger wall thicknesses are possible, so that very good guidance is ensured and the service lives are correspondingly long.
  • the design with an intermediate piston allows a very short drill bit to be used in conjunction with a closed retaining cap, which is evenly suspended on the inner retaining rings. Nevertheless, the retaining cap can be made long enough to accommodate an outer profile for engaging tools for screwing on during disassembly.
  • the drill bit and retaining cap are precisely guided in the outer tube of the hammer drill over a long path.
  • the cone provided on the chisel head, on the lower end of the central tube and / or in the end of the percussion piston can have an insert according to claims 4 and 5 which is at least conical or partially conical on the inside, optionally provided with latching means and stepped on the inside. It can consist of impact-resistant, dimensionally stable plastic; Although its design excludes contact with metal parts under the influence of force, it can itself form a wear part that can be replaced quickly and relatively cheaply.
  • Claim 6 provides that there is an inner cone at the chisel head or at the upper end of the intermediate piston, an outer cone at the central tube end and / or an inner cone at the percussion piston end.
  • the cone at the central tube end can carry a control shoulder which forms a smooth extension for the embodiment as a parking or launching hammer, while the embodiment has a stepped slider head as a permanently striking hammer. In both cases, the tax rate and dimension the annular gap surrounding it so that the optimum amount of air is let through with each working stroke.
  • the embodiment according to claim 13 is further improved, according to which, for example, a rhombus-shaped field of staggered, in particular oval, size is located above the central tube end Outlet openings located; the staggering preferably extends approximately over the effective length of the piston, the inner cone of which, during the piston stroke, sweeps over the outlets that taper in both directions from a larger central opening.
  • a rhombus-shaped field of staggered, in particular oval, size is located above the central tube end Outlet openings located; the staggering preferably extends approximately over the effective length of the piston, the inner cone of which, during the piston stroke, sweeps over the outlets that taper in both directions from a larger central opening.
  • the percussion piston can have axially directed cutouts to form buffer spaces, thereby ensuring elastic operating behavior.
  • the development of the invention according to claim 15 brings about a considerable simplification of manufacture and assembly with improved interchangeability of the parts.
  • the structure is designed in such a way that the central tube components are reliably secured with the simplest of means, so that the position of the inner cone remains unchanged even under heavy use.
  • the deep hole hammer according to the invention generates large amounts of cuttings relatively quickly due to its increased impact power and frequency.
  • pulling out the hammer drill may be hampered by fallen cuttings or stones loosely seated in the borehole wall.
  • a further embodiment according to claim 16 provides that an upwardly tapered groove profile is present on the outer tube and / or on the two caps, as a result of which the hammer drill easily cuts free when pulled out and the conventionally often possible jamming is largely avoided.
  • a tool is usually attached to this groove profile when the extracted hammer is to be opened.
  • the retaining cap can have centering surfaces and / or centering shoulders above and below a thread screwing with the outer tube. So you get a rich plant screwed parts and corresponding central arrangement. In addition, in conjunction with a sufficient length of the retaining cap, it is ensured that the thread cannot open too easily with a short counter-rotation.
  • an embodiment according to claim 18 provides that the chisel head is secured in a closed holding cap by a split ring. This can rest according to claim 19 either on the upper centering shoulder of the retaining cap or at the upper end of its multi-wedge profile.
  • the multi-wedge profile has two opposite wide ribs, each of which faces the cutting plane of the split holding cap. This strengthens the drill bit shank in comparison to conventional designs; it can therefore better absorb vibrations and shocks.
  • a profile overhang at the upper edge of the retaining cap always remains the same -Width obtained even if the profile wear increases on the lower inner parts of the retaining cap under the operating stress.
  • 1a and 1b has an outer tube 12 with an upper cap 14, which is used for connection to a compressed air source and / or a drill pipe.
  • a groove profile 16 provided on the outer tube 12 near the upper cap 14 can taper upwards in order to make it easier to pull the hammer drill 10 out of the borehole produced.
  • the hammer drill 10 has a through hole 18, at the entrance of which a sieve 20 is expediently arranged in order to keep contaminants away.
  • the hammer drill may also include a continuous flush bore 48 (formed as a tube in the upper portion) if an embodiment with water flushing is desired.
  • a check valve 22 is provided, which is arranged above the actual control part 24. This is held with two damping rings 25, 28 on a jacket 23 screwed to the outer tube 12 and has passages to one Control body 25 which is guided in a control housing 28. This is followed by a central tube, designated overall by 30. In parts 24, 26, 28, 30 there are various outlets, bores, channels and slots 31 to 39.
  • the central tube 30 is constructed in three parts. It has a channel web insert 40 with a cladding tube 42. At the top, the insert 40 has a collar or a shoulder 44, to which the cladding tube 42 connects. A radial screw 78, which is secured by a clamping ring 80, is used in particular to fix a control head 46. A cylindrical, pierced percussion piston 50 is slidably arranged in the outer tube 12 along the central tube 30. The percussion piston 50 has upper and lower axial cutouts 52 and 54, respectively. Below this, an intermediate piston 100 guided in a buffer sleeve 102 arranged on the outer tube 12 can be provided (FIGS. 7, 11).
  • the latter has a stop 104, so that the intermediate piston 100 finds an upper travel limit at a step in the buffer sleeve 102 and cannot move further up during operation.
  • Intermediate piston 100, impact piston 50 and chisel head 58 each have an inner cone 60 and 61 at the lower and upper ends.
  • the percussion piston 50 (and possibly the intermediate piston 100) serves to intermittently act on the bit head 58 on a drill bit 56, which is secured by a retaining cap 94 in the outer tube 12.
  • the upper recesses 52 form an upper buffer space 82.
  • the conical design in the form of an inner cone 61 at the lower end of the central tube and / or an inner cone 60 at the bit head 58 or in the intermediate piston 100 prevents metallic contact of these inner parts, so that the percussion piston 50 only hits the associated upper ring surface of the chisel head 58 or intermediate piston 100 with its lower ring surface.
  • the shaft 86 of the drill bit 56 has a bore 88 and a multi-wedge profile 90, which coincides with a corresponding multi-wedge counter profile in the retaining cap 94 (see FIGS. 5 and 15).
  • the axial securing requires that the chisel head 58 has or forms a collar, which is underpinned by an annular shoulder 95 of a retaining ring 93. So that the drill bit 56 can be inserted into the hammer 10, the head diameter must be equal to the inside diameter in the holding cap 94, so that a split ring 93 (FIGS. 12 and 13) is to be inserted, which is the head 58 of the assembled drill bit 56 backs up.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 An essential feature of the rotary hammer according to the invention is the cone arrangement, an example of which is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the lower end of the cladding tube 42 ends in an outer cone 60a.
  • the end of the channel web insert 40 can end in an outer cone 60b or in a control shoulder 72 with a slide head 74.
  • Fig. 8 shows a drop hammer on the right side in the working position, on the left side in the rest position.
  • the outer cone 60b of the control shoulder 72 and the inner cone 60 of the chisel head 58 form an annular space 76 in the working position, which prevents metallic contact during the impact processes.
  • the inner cone 60 of the M aceaelkopß 58 may be divided, for example by an upper portion is designed slightly conical, for example with an angle of only 1 0 to the axis, while a lower portion 60 'with a steeper angle of eg 7 to the bore 88 in the bit shank 86 introduces.
  • the compressed air is supplied through the stroke stroke channel 38 directly to the piston 50. This moves under full pressure into the working position.
  • the outlets 32 'are passed over the space above the piston 50 relaxes, while the pressure rises in the lower region.
  • the control body 26, which is reversed by the pressure drop in each case, is now raised and the under air can pass through the return stroke slots 35 (FIGS. 4 a and 4 b) in this position via the annular space 76, which is present between the outer cone 60 a at the central tube end and the inner cone 61 of the percussion piston 50 is, get under this, so that it is reversed and moved upwards for the return stroke.
  • the return stroke slots 35 are in flow communication with narrowed return stroke channels 39 and with the shut-off and blowing bores 33 (FIG. 4b).
  • the outlet channels 34, 36 are in fluid communication with the outlets 31, 32 and 31 ', 32', respectively.
  • the latter are advantageously designed as staggered, preferably oval openings or slots which are e.g. rhombic field are arranged (Fig. 4b).
  • the inner cone 61 can successively paint over a small bore 31 ', then larger and smaller outlets 32' and finally again over a small bore 31 '. This results in a correspondingly graded passage of air, so that a large amount of drive energy is saved in the case of opening cross sections which only need to be 50% of the previously required.
  • Fig. 6 shows an embodiment of the cone arrangement of a permanent hammer drill 10 in the working position.
  • An insert 64 in the form of a plastic bushing (FIG. 10) is fitted in the chisel head 58 Circumferential groove 62 is locked with a bead 66.
  • the insert 64 has a cylindrical bushing part 68 and an extension part 70.
  • FIG. 7 shows the idle position in the left half with the aid of another embodiment without insert (bush), but with an intermediate piston 100.
  • the slide head 74 closes the gas passage downward by sliding-tight contact in the upper cylindrical section of the intermediate piston 100.
  • An air cushion is formed so that the piston 50 neither strikes the chisel head 58 nor touches the buffer sleeve 102.
  • the air in the annular space 76 causes the return stroke of the piston 50 via the return stroke slots 35 and the return stroke channels 37, 39 (not shown here).
  • the compression air can be released from the Flush out the annular space 76 down again and hammer the percussion piston 50 onto the chisel head 58, which is illustrated in the right half of FIG. 7. If the hammer drill is pulled and it goes from the working to the idle position, the buffer space 84 is formed between the recess 54 of the piston 50. The closer the recess 54 comes to the upper end of the buffer sleeve, the more the air is compressed and one metallic contact largely avoided.
  • piston 50 pushes air in front of it when struck, resulting in back pressure that can reduce hammer performance.
  • a partial amount of air passes through the conical annular space 76 as described.
  • additional channels 108 are provided on the outside of the buffer sleeve 102, which additionally have air under the cutout 54 via the annular gap 76 and the channel 108 when the rotary hammer starts running with a sagging drill bit in the piston 50 and thereby enable a very good start.
  • the piston moves in the downward movement with the lower recess 54 of the piston over the upper edge of the buffer sleeve 102 and forms the buffer space 84.
  • the piston 50 If the piston 50 generates a high pressure in the stroke stroke movement shortly before hitting the bit head 58 or the intermediate piston 100, the then highly compressed air can escape through the outer channels 108 (with associated bores and derivatives) through the opening 92 in the holding cap 94 , specifically regardless of the bore 88 in the shaft 86 of the drill bit 56. This increases the impact force of the piston 50. If the hammer drill 10 comes into loose rock so that the drill bit 56 or its shaft 86 or the intermediate piston 100 has a larger stroke, these elements partially or completely close the staggered outer bores of the channels 108 and the drill hammer adapts optimally to the respective rock conditions .
  • a drop hammer is shown in Fig. 8, the left half also showing the rest position and the right half the working position.
  • the arrangement largely corresponds to that of Fig. 7, i.e. the control shoulder 72 is conical here. So there are no gradations (68, 70, 74), so the way of working is different.
  • the control shoulder 72 In the working position shown on the right in FIG. 8, the control shoulder 72 is fully immersed in the conical section of the inside of the chisel head, the slightly larger inner diameter of which leaves a narrow annular gap free.
  • the drill bit head 58 moves downward past the control shoulder 72.
  • FIG. 9 A corresponding illustration is shown in FIG. 9 for a drop hammer without an intermediate piston. If the drill pipe is lowered again, the drill bit 56 is pressed against the rock, the annular space 76 is reduced and the hammer drill starts again.
  • FIG. 11 Yet another embodiment of a drop hammer with intermediate piston 100 is shown in FIG. 11, the left half of the figure again showing the idle position and the right half of the figure showing the working position.
  • the hammer drill has a conical extension 72.
  • Its intermediate piston 100 also has a cone 60 on the inside. The control functions as described above with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9.
  • the retaining cap 94 has a support shoulder 116 at the upper end of its multi-wedge profile 90, on which the retaining ring 93 is supported. This is divided (FIGS. 12 to 14) and rests with a 0-ring 118 on a guide ring 96 which is clamped below the buffer sleeve 102 for its axial fixing in the outer tube 12.
  • the intermediate piston 100 is guided in the guide ring 96, on which its stop 104 finds the lower travel limit.
  • the transition between the guide ring 96 and the retaining ring 93 is formed with inclined centering surfaces 114 in the embodiments according to FIGS. 7 and 11.
  • the holder is similar in the example of FIG. 7, but here the holding ring 93 is supported, so to speak, hanging from the upper end of the holding cap 94.
  • the support on the support shoulder 116 takes place with the omission of the guide ring, since no intermediate piston is provided here either.
  • the impact characteristic of the rotary hammer 10 is directly influenced by the changing drill bit stroke and the constant enlargement and reduction of the annular space 76.
  • the rotary hammer adapts very well to different sequences of rock formations, e.g. Loose stone, sand and clay inclusions.
  • the cone arrangement according to the invention prevents direct, metallic contact between the inner parts of the lower end of the central tube, the bit head 58 and the intermediate piston 100.
  • the air flow through the cones 61 and 60a enables a gradation to the control shoulder 72, so that the chisel head 58, the intermediate piston 100 and the control shoulder 72 can be formed with considerably thicker walls.
  • the cone 61 in the piston 52 in the downward movement causes centering on the central tube 30/42 due to the resulting wedge effect.
  • insert bushings 64 - e.g. 6 and 10 - used they can be made of plastic such as polyamide, glass fiber reinforced polyester resin, impact-resistant ABS resins or the like. consist.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
EP85100637A 1984-02-07 1985-01-23 Perforateur à percussion Expired EP0154778B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85100637T ATE31102T1 (de) 1984-02-07 1985-01-23 Bohrhammer.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19848403508U DE8403508U1 (de) 1984-02-07 1984-02-07 Bohrhammer
DE8403508U 1984-02-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0154778A1 true EP0154778A1 (fr) 1985-09-18
EP0154778B1 EP0154778B1 (fr) 1987-11-25

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ID=6763251

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85100637A Expired EP0154778B1 (fr) 1984-02-07 1985-01-23 Perforateur à percussion

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EP (1) EP0154778B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE31102T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE8403508U1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0244986A2 (fr) * 1986-05-07 1987-11-11 Supply International Pty Ltd Seismic Dispositif de forage pour fond de puits
EP0658681A2 (fr) * 1993-12-15 1995-06-21 Walter, Hans-Philipp Marteau à forage
WO2002044511A1 (fr) * 2000-12-02 2002-06-06 Tracto-Technik Gmbh Appareil pneumatique de forage de roches et procede pour mettre en marche cet appareil
US9016404B2 (en) 2009-08-24 2015-04-28 Tracto-Technik Gmbh & Co. Kg Ram boring device

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005015886B4 (de) * 2005-04-06 2008-06-19 Hans-Philipp Walter Bohrhammer
DE102009038385B4 (de) * 2009-08-24 2014-05-28 Tracto-Technik Gmbh & Co. Kg Rammbohrvorrichtung mit einem pneumatischen Antrieb und einer hydraulischen Umsteuerung der Bewegungsrichtung
CN104897016B (zh) * 2015-06-29 2016-12-07 唐立华 一种安全高效环保的岩石爆破设备及爆破方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3045768A (en) * 1958-07-14 1962-07-24 Gardner Denver Co Fluid operated percussion drill
FR1509142A (fr) * 1966-11-30 1968-01-12 Forges Et Acieries Du Saut Dut Marteau pneumatique de forage muni d'un taillant
US4194581A (en) * 1975-03-22 1980-03-25 Walter Hans P Deep drill hammer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3045768A (en) * 1958-07-14 1962-07-24 Gardner Denver Co Fluid operated percussion drill
FR1509142A (fr) * 1966-11-30 1968-01-12 Forges Et Acieries Du Saut Dut Marteau pneumatique de forage muni d'un taillant
US4194581A (en) * 1975-03-22 1980-03-25 Walter Hans P Deep drill hammer

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0244986A2 (fr) * 1986-05-07 1987-11-11 Supply International Pty Ltd Seismic Dispositif de forage pour fond de puits
EP0244986A3 (fr) * 1986-05-07 1988-10-26 Supply International Pty Ltd Seismic Dispositif de forage pour fond de puits
EP0658681A2 (fr) * 1993-12-15 1995-06-21 Walter, Hans-Philipp Marteau à forage
EP0658681A3 (fr) * 1993-12-15 1997-01-02 Walter Hans Philipp Marteau à forage.
WO2002044511A1 (fr) * 2000-12-02 2002-06-06 Tracto-Technik Gmbh Appareil pneumatique de forage de roches et procede pour mettre en marche cet appareil
WO2002044508A2 (fr) * 2000-12-02 2002-06-06 Tracto-Technik Gmbh Appareil pneumatique de forage de roches et procede de forage horizontal avec air comprime et fluide de forage
WO2002044508A3 (fr) * 2000-12-02 2003-02-13 Tracto Technik Appareil pneumatique de forage de roches et procede de forage horizontal avec air comprime et fluide de forage
GB2389134A (en) * 2000-12-02 2003-12-03 Tracto Technik Pneumatic rock-boring device and method for starting such a device
GB2389133A (en) * 2000-12-02 2003-12-03 Tracto Technik Pneumatic rock-boring device
GB2389133B (en) * 2000-12-02 2005-01-05 Tracto Technik Pneumatic rock-drilling apparatus
GB2389134B (en) * 2000-12-02 2005-06-08 Tracto Technik Pneumatic rock-drilling apparatus
US7093671B2 (en) 2000-12-02 2006-08-22 Tracto-Technik Gmbh Pneumatic rock-boring device and method for starting such a device
US7111695B2 (en) 2000-12-02 2006-09-26 Tracto-Technik Gmbh Pneumatic rock-boring device and method for horizontal drilling using compressed air and drilling medium
US9016404B2 (en) 2009-08-24 2015-04-28 Tracto-Technik Gmbh & Co. Kg Ram boring device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE8403508U1 (de) 1984-05-03
DE3561078D1 (en) 1988-01-07
ATE31102T1 (de) 1987-12-15
EP0154778B1 (fr) 1987-11-25

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