EP0153758A2 - Compound bar, in particular for window frames, door frames and roller shutters - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite rod e.g. For window or door frames or shutters made of a plastic hollow profile bar with an internal and external surface. Near these surfaces, a metal flange is embedded in the interior of the plastic hollow profile rod, essentially parallel to them. In order to increase the bending stiffness of this frame with respect to forces perpendicular to the window pane or door leaf without significantly reducing the thermal insulation, the two metal flanges are connected to one another without metal contact in order to transmit shear stress.

Description

The invention relates to a composite rod, in particular for window or door frames (both blind and casement frames) and shutters according to the preamble of claim 1. The rod can also be used for other purposes, e.g. to form a folding shutter frame or to form walls of barracks, demountable houses and such like composed of such rods.

The plastic hollow profile rod is preferably made of thermoplastic. It can be made both of solid plastic and of foam plastic, in particular of integral foam, preferably each made of PVC.

A window frame made of composite rods of the type mentioned is known. Such a frame surrounds a window pane made, for example, of insulating glass or a door leaf, which may also have a special heat-insulating effect.

Furthermore, roller shutters made of plastic rods are known, in the hollow chambers of which stiffening metal profiles are inserted, which extend across the width of the hollow chambers.

It is now used by door frames, window frames, shutters and the like. demands that they have a good heat-insulating effect. Furthermore, it is necessary that these frames and roller shutters are particularly stiff against forces that are perpendicular to the plane of the window pane or the door leaf or the roller shutter.

A plastic window frame is already known (DE-PS 1 281 664), in which a flat iron is inserted parallel to this surface near the outer surface (weather side) and the inner surface (inside of the house). Two flat irons are also inserted perpendicular to these flat irons, i.e. in the direction of the heat gradient that may occur.

While the flat irons lying parallel to the outer and inner surfaces hardly make any significant contribution to the stiffness mentioned, the flat irons arranged perpendicular to them form very considerable thermal bridges because they extend in the direction of heat transfer and thus extremely impair the insulating effect of the frame .

It is also known to insert a closed rectangular metal profile instead of these four flat bars, with two flanges, which are each parallel to the inner or outer surface, and two webs that connect these flanges to one another. As a result of the connection of flanges and webs, a closed hollow beam is created, which is extraordinary is rigid and therefore gives the profile the desired rigidity. However, the disadvantage also occurs here that the metal webs connecting the two flanges form a thermal bridge. The same disadvantage applies to the known roller shutter slats with inserted metal stiffening slats.

Starting from this prior art, the invention has the object, while maintaining the advantages of the generic composite rod, to further develop the latter in such a way that its heat-insulating effect is drastically improved.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Here, the two flanges, similar to DE-PS 1 281 664 mentioned at the outset, have no metallic connection to one another, but are nevertheless connected by the plastic bridge (s) in a shear force-transmitting connection. Thus, the two flanges are not, as in the case of the subject of the cited publication, ultimately only loosely inserted, the stiffness only slightly promoting and independent of each other; rather, together with their shear force-transmitting connection, they form a profile beam, e.g. a T-profile girder or box girder, which has a high edge fiber spacing and thus a very high bending stiffness, because the two flanges are arranged relatively close to the outside or inside surface of the composite rod.

The two metal flanges should be at a considerable distance from each other, which should be at least a few millimeters, better several centimeters. The temperature gradient between the facing surfaces of the two metal flanges is generally high, so that their distance should also be as large as possible. The avoidance of metallic webs according to the invention not only has the advantage of replacing the high thermal conductivity of metals with the much lower one of plastics. In addition, the favorable radiation effect of metals can only be exploited in this way: through gases, i.e. also through air, the heat exchange takes place primarily through radiation, and this heat exchange is particularly low if the surfaces with different temperatures consist of metals.

The shear force transmitting connection can be form-fitting or material-fitting, it is best both. The respective form or material connection must be dimensioned so that it can withstand the shear forces that occur in the longitudinal direction of the bar when subjected to bending loads. It is particularly advantageous here that the flanges, at least with their surface facing towards the outside or inside, lie against the corresponding inner surfaces of the plastic hollow profile rod or fine guide ribs of the inner surfaces. The positive connection is advantageously brought about by complementary profiling of the web edges resting on the flanges and of the flange parts resting on these edges.

The flanges are best extended crosswise to the expected thermal gradient and thus in turn contribute little to the heat transfer if they are only very thin, which can be easily achieved with the frame according to the invention, because each flange is not loaded on its own but together with the other a rigid Profile forms.

This can e.g. a box profile, a box profile with protruding flanges, a double-T profile, a Z-profile, but also possibly a C-profile or a double-L-profile.

Basically, e.g. two such profiles can be inserted side by side in a common or separate hollow chamber of the plastic hollow profile rod.

The stiffening rod can also be glued into its cavity for additional use of the force transmission of wall parts of the plastic hollow profile rod.

The plastic webs are preferably arranged on or near the two side edges of the flanges; however, it is also possible to use only a single central plastic web, and it is finally also possible to glue the two flanges to one another by means of a hard foam insert instead of a plastic web.

The flanges and the plastic webs of the stiffening rod are preferably connected in that a series of _R andkerben or is recessed near the edge arranged holes, while the plastic webs have the edge notches or holes complementary projections. It is thus possible to galvanize plastic webs and flanges with one another without further ado and thus to form a rigid hollow profile rod by positive, force-transmitting engagement.

The parts of this hollow profile rod can additionally be glued to one another, for example to compensate for tolerances, to ensure problem-free handling and insertion, and to prevent loosening during use.

A sheet metal or strip material that can be machined cheaply and easily can be used for the metal flanges. The notches or holes are preferably as long as the spaces between them, so that flanges can be punched out of a sheet metal sheet without any waste.

The webs in turn are preferably made from waste plastic, preferably PVC waste, which are extruded into flat strips or, particularly advantageously, into a sheet which is then separated into the plastic webs.

Since these plastic webs are arranged invisibly inside the frame, they do not have to meet any appearance requirements. This makes it possible to process all types of waste - even with foreign material storage, insofar as this is the extru sion do not hinder - to be used for the production of the plastic bars. This not only enables the inexpensive production of plastic webs, but also allows the use and disposal of plastic waste, which accrues in a plastic processing manufacturing plant and which could normally only be used again after extensive cleaning and therefore usually gave rise to waste problems .

According to several embodiments of the invention, at least one of the longitudinal edges of the flanges can be angled towards the other flange, so that a separately stiffened edge is formed which contributes to the rigidity of the flange.

It can be advantageous here that the outer surface of such an angled edge rests against adjacent walls of the plastic hollow profile rod, in order to thus facilitate the insertion of the stiffening rod into the plastic hollow profile rod and also to ensure better force introduction into the stiffening rod.

It is also possible, when one or both plastic webs are offset inwards with respect to the edge of at least one of the flanges, to bend this edge downwards and inwards again so that the webs can be supported on the support edge thus created. This measure also promotes the rigidity of the stiffening rod and thus the entire composite stabes, especially in the direction perpendicular to the main direction of stress.

The invention includes not only the composite rod mentioned, but also window frames, door frames and shutters made of such rods.

• Fig. 1 der Schnitt durch einen Fensterrahmen aus Profilstäben nach dem Stand der Technik;
• Fig. 2, 5 oder 8 bis 13 jeweils Schnitte durch verschiedene Fensterrahmen aus Profilstäben nach der Erfindung;
• Fig. 3 und 6 eine Ansicht jeweils einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Flansches;
• Fig. 4 und 7 jeweils eine Ansicht einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Kunststoffsteges;
• Fig. 14 der Schnitt durch einen Rolladenstab nach der Erfindung;
• Fig. 15 die Ansicht von oben auf einen Steg des 7ersteifungsstabes des Rolladenstabes, und
• _Fig. 16 die Ansicht von links auf einen der beiden Flansche des Versteifungsstabes.

The object of the invention is explained in more detail, for example, with the aid of the attached schematic drawing. In the drawing is:

• Figure 1 shows the section through a window frame made of profile bars according to the prior art.
• Figure 2, 5 or 8 to 13 sections through different window frames made of profile bars according to the invention.
• 3 and 6 are views of one embodiment of a flange according to the invention;
• 4 and 7 each show a view of an embodiment of a plastic web according to the invention;
• 14 shows a section through a roller shutter slat according to the invention;
• 15 is a top view of a web of the 7 stiffening rod of the roller shutter rod, and
• _F ig. 16 the view from the left onto one of the two flanges of the stiffening rod.

The various embodiments of the invention shown in the drawing are each preferred embodiments, but do not constitute any restriction of the subject matter of the invention.

If plastic is used for load-bearing parts in these embodiments, this is preferably thermoplastic, in particular PVC.

The metal of the flanges is preferably steel or sheet steel or a sufficiently hard aluminum alloy.

In Fig. 1 the section through a known window frame is shown, with an insulating glass pane 17 which is embedded in seals 18 which are arranged in the frame shown.

As the main element, this has a composite rod with a plastic hollow profile rod 3 with two outer surfaces 6, each extending parallel to the glass pane 17 and pointing away from it. One of these surfaces directly delimits a wall 4, which is close to the other surface 6 and parallel to it this arranged stiffening wall 4 'encloses a cavity with a relatively large width in the direction perpendicular to the glass pane 17.

The further breakdown and composition of the frame can be seen from the drawing.

The above-mentioned cavity, which is left free between the two walls 4, 4 ', is delimited on both sides by transverse walls 5 which extend perpendicularly thereto.

In this cavity, which has a closed rectangular profile, a hollow profile rod (preferably made of steel or aluminum) extends, which has two flanges 1, each of which extends parallel to the glass pane 17 and abuts the walls 4 from the inside, and transversely to these flanges 1 extending and connecting them at their edges with two webs 2 '.

Because of the box section bar 1, 2 ', which is embedded in the plastic hollow section bar 3, the latter has a high bending stiffness in relation to a load which occurs perpendicular to the glass pane 17. Furthermore, the profile shown is easy to manufacture, in which the steel or aluminum hollow profile 1, 2 'in a plastic hollow profile rod, e.g. made of integral foam or solid PVC.

A disadvantage in any case is the long double thermal bridge extending in the transverse direction of the frame (perpendicular to the window pane 17), which is formed from the metal webs 2 'and creates a highly conductive heat connection between the two walls 4, 4', each of which is close the neighboring Rah Men outer surface is arranged.

The heat-insulating effect of the known frame is therefore not optimal.

In the various embodiments of door or window frame composite rods according to the invention, described below, plastic hollow profile rods are explained in each case, which in the case of FIGS. 2, 5 and 8 to 13 correspond to that of the known frame shown in FIG in the case of the other embodiments shown in the drawing differ only slightly from these known plastic hollow profile bars. The invention is of course not limited to the hollow plastic profile shown.

In the embodiments of the invention, which are shown in FIGS. 2, 5 and 8 to 13, in the plastic hollow profile rod there is in each case a stiffening rod, which has a steel or aluminum flange 1 on both sides, which from the inside on the stiffening wall 4 'and the Outer wall 4 of the plastic hollow profile rod 3 abuts or, similar to that in FIG. 14, is only a short distance from it. This stiffening rod is inserted into the cavity of the plastic hollow profile rod 3.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, this stiffening bar has, in addition to the two flanges 1, which are punched out of flat sheet metal, two plastic webs 2, which connect these two sheet metal flanges 1 to one another in the region of their edges, the knurls that the plastic webs 2 and the metal flanges 1 are galvanized and optionally also glued.

For this purpose, each flange 1 has elongated, rectangular notches 7 in the region of its edges (see FIG. 3, which shows a view from the direction III in FIG. 2), the length of the notches 7 being approximately that of the projections between two , corresponding notches 7 corresponds.

Complementary to these notched flanges 1 is the plastic web 2, which in turn has projections 8, the length of which corresponds to that of a notch 7 in FIG. 3 and which engage in the notches 7 to fill them.

The plastic web mentioned is shown in FIG. 4, which shows a view of the web mentioned from direction IV in FIG. 2.

2 to 4, the two plastic webs 2 each connect the outermost edges of the two flanges 1 to one another. The outer surface of each plastic web therefore bears on the facing inner surface of the adjacent transverse wall 5.

5 to 7, in the same representation as in FIGS. 2 to 4, an embodiment is shown in which the plastic webs are offset inwards away from the respective free edge of the metal flanges 1. Otherwise (FIG. 7, which shows the view VII in FIG. 5), the plastic webs 2 have the same shape on how they also have the plastic webs 2 of the embodiment of FIG. 2. The flanges 1, the view of which is shown in FIG. 6 (view VI in FIG. 5), do not have notches located at the edge, but instead have rectangular holes 9 offset inwards, into which the projections 8 engage the holes 9 to fill them.

The embodiment of Figs. 5 to 7 is e.g. then advantageous if the hollow chamber which receives the stiffening rod 1, 2 has lateral constrictions. The connection of the webs to the flanges can also be made firmer.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 8 has a connection of plastic webs 2 and metal flanges 1, which corresponds to that shown in FIGS. 5 to 7. In contrast to the embodiment shown in these figures, however, the outer edges of the flanges are bent toward the other flange, so that the flange itself is better supported in the cavity of the plastic hollow profile rod 3 and is even stiffer, in particular with respect to stresses perpendicular to the main direction of loading .

Furthermore, the two webs 2 are stiffened in the middle of the connecting section between the two flanges 1 by a central flange 10, which can be made of metal or plastic and is galvanized with the two flanges 2. This embodiment is particularly suitable for larger distances between the two flanges 1, allows thinner wall thicknesses in the shear stress-transmitting plastic webs 2 and avoids buckling that may be possible.

The embodiment of FIG. 9 is similar to that of FIG. 5, however, as with the subject of FIG. 8, each flange has an edge 11 bent toward the other flange, which in the embodiment of FIG. 9 again at the free end inwards is bent so that the end edge of the bent edge is supported against the adjacent plastic web. When high manufacturing tolerances occur, this embodiment also enables the stiffening rod to be pressed into the associated hollow space of the plastic hollow profile rod 3, since the risk of the webs buckling is reduced. In addition, the advantages outlined in FIG. 8 are increasingly present here.

The subject of FIG. 10 is similar to that of FIG. 9, but each of the two flanges 1 has an edge 11 bent only twice on one side and abutting against the adjacent plastic web 2. Furthermore, two further plastic webs are arranged obliquely in the distance between the two plastic webs 2, so that the four plastic webs together have an M-shaped cross section and are thus largely mutually supported against transverse forces. This arrangement also enables the stiffening rod to be inserted into a relatively narrow cavity and thus enables high manufacturing tolerances, since two are inclined Plastic webs of the stiffening rod is largely insensitive to transverse forces. Such an embodiment is also advantageous if there are projections on the inner walls or if a non-rectangular cavity is to be reinforced.

The embodiment of FIG. 11 corresponds to that of FIG. 10, but the two inclined stiffening webs 2 are omitted.

10 and 11, each of the metal flanges 1 has a bent edge on only one of its sides, the edge of one flange being opposite the rimless side of the other flange. This embodiment also allows forced installation in a cavity, so that the requirements for manufacturing accuracy are very low in this embodiment as well.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 12 and 13, only two flat metal strips are provided as flanges 1, which are connected by a central web 12, which can also be a rigid foam block 13, which adheres to the adjacent surfaces of the flanges 1 in a shear-resistant manner by means of an adhesion promoter.

Even though in the examples discussed so far the cavity receiving the stiffeners is mostly essentially rectangular, it can also have a different profile, for example that of an H or a right-angled Z. In this case, the stiffening rod expediently also has H- or Z- Profile, being the web corresponds to the line connecting the vertical lines of the H or the line connecting the horizontal lines of the Z.

The use of individual profile bars that are not connected to form a frame is particularly suitable for roller shutters. These usually consist of numerous parallel bars, the upper and lower edges of which are pushed together. On the one hand, the bars should have the smallest possible thickness so that they can be wound up in a comparatively small roller shutter box; on the other hand, wind pressure and suction require sufficient rigidity. Roller shutters are also used for additional nighttime insulation, i.e. for temporary thermal insulation. The reinforcements according to the invention are very well suited for this purpose, since they combine high rigidity with low thermal conductivity and, moreover, allow the radiation properties of metals that are too low to be used by air to be exploited.

Accordingly, cross-sections other than rectangular, particularly in the case of roller shutter slats, are useful, which usually have a curved profile. FIG. 14 shows a roller shutter rod as a further exemplary embodiment of one of the preferred embodiments of the invention. This consists essentially of a hollow profile rod 20 extruded from thermoplastic material, in particular impact-resistant PVC, which has the profile which can be seen in FIG. 14 and is customary and has no special features. The profile rod 20 has a hollow chamber 21, into which a stiffening rod 22 is inserted. The stiffening bar 22 consists of two metal flanges 23 and 24, which are connected by three webs 26. The stiffening rod is dimensioned so that it can easily be inserted into the plastic hollow profile rod 20 even in longer lengths. As can be seen from the drawing, the two flanges 23 and 24 each run at a short distance from the adjacent walls of the rod 20, so that this results in additional thermal insulation. However, this distance should be small so that the distance between the two flanges 23 and 24 does not become too small.

In the exemplary embodiment, each flange 23 or 24 has three rows of holes 25 running side by side. Through these holes, the webs 26 made of thermoplastic material and shown in plan view in FIG. 15 each engage with corresponding projections 27. The outermost edges of the projections 27 can rest against the inner walls of the chamber 21. As a result, physical contact is also low here, which further promotes the heat insulation effect. Characterized in that the projections 27 of the webs 26 are guided in the corresponding holes 25 of the flanges 24, the webs can transmit shear forces without any problems, so that a considerable stiffening of the finished roller shutter bar 20 provided with the stiffening bar 22 is effected.

14 therefore shows a roller shutter rod with a reinforcing rod in a cavity with a lower height in the middle than at the edges. Here are preferably only the webs with their Narrow sides on the walls, but not the flanges. This enables insertion even with unfavorably combined tolerances; in addition, the additional voids that are created contribute to increasing the thermal insulation. To simplify production by simply punching out, the surfaces of the webs facing the hollow chamber walls are perpendicular to their large surfaces, that is to say mostly not parallel to the hollow chamber walls, which would of course also be possible. Likewise, the slots of the flanges do not have to lie exactly in the direction of the webs; rather, punching the elongated holes perpendicular to the flange surface is generally less complex there too.

A rational production of such reinforcement profiles can e.g. by simultaneously punching out the flanges and the webs, then plugging them into each other and gluing them all together.

If the roller shutter rod not only has a large hollow chamber 21, but, for example, two hollow chambers, which are connected by a corresponding transverse wall approximately at the height of the central web 26, correspondingly smaller stiffening profile bars can also be used in the two chambers, the metal flanges of which are made of plastic webs are interconnected. Of course, it is also possible here to insert a reinforcing rod according to the invention only into one of two or more hollow chambers.

In addition, it should be noted that the assembly is special It can be facilitated if the flank of the openings near the edge of the flange, which is preferably stamped out of sheet metal, is omitted so that the projections 27 of the webs 26 no longer have to be pushed into holes, but from the side into them can be used. In order to ensure a secure hold of the projections 27 here, too, as indicated by the dotted line at the top right hole 25 in FIG. 16, a nose protrudes at each end of the hole, behind which the corresponding projection 27 can snap into place. In a corresponding manner, "lugs" can also be attached to the plastic webs, which fix the distance between the two metal flanges 23 and 24 after they snap into place. This means that sheets with an imprecise curvature can also be used, which spring back when they are plugged together. If the curvature is not too strong, it is even possible to process flat sheets without prior deformation.

Claims (18)

1. composite rod, in particular for window frames, door frames and roller shutters, made of a plastic hollow profile rod and an inner reinforcing rod inserted into it, which rests on two opposite sides of the plastic rod and has a flange near each of these sides, the two flanges being connected to each other to transmit shear force,
characterized in that the flanges (1) of the reinforcement stable metal are not connected to each other and that the flanges (1) by at least one plastic bridge (2); 5; 13) are connected to each other to transmit thrust. 2. Composite rod according to claim 1, characterized in that the shear force transmitting connection is a positive and / or integral connection. 3. Composite rod according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the flanges (1) bear at least with their mutually facing surfaces on the corresponding inner surfaces of the hollow plastic profile rod (3). 4. Composite rod according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the stiffening rod consists essentially of the two flanges (1) and at least one, better several plastic webs (2). 5. Composite rod according to claim 4, characterized in that the flanges (1) are formed from sheet metal strips and, preferably, several rows of holes (9) and / or edge notches (7), and that the plastic webs (2) at their edges Have projections (8) whose length corresponds to that of the holes or notches and which engage in them. 6. composite rod according to one of claims 4 or 5, thereby indicates that the flanges (1) and the plastic webs (2) are glued together. 7. Composite rod according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the spaces between the holes (9) or notches (7) and projections (8) are each approximately equal to their respective lengths. 8. Composite rod according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the outer surfaces of the plastic webs (2) abut adjacent walls (5) of the plastic hollow profile rod (3). 9. composite rod according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the outer surfaces of the plastic webs (2) to the adjacent walls (5) of the plastic hollow profile rod (3) have a distance. 10. Composite rod according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one end edge of at least one of the flanges (1) has a folded-over edge (11) towards the other, which is preferably at least partially on the adjacent wall (5) of the plastic hollow profile rod (3) is present. 11. Composite rod according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the plastic webs (2) with each other through an approximately parallel to the flanges (1) extending central flange (10) are connected together from plastic or metal. 12. Composite rod according to one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the plastic webs (2) consist of extruded plastic waste, preferably PVC. 13. Composite rod according to claim 10, characterized in that the end edge of at least one of the edges (11) is bent inwards and bears against the adjacent plastic web (2). 14. Composite rod according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plastic bridge is formed by a plastic foam block connecting the two flanges (1) with each other to transmit shear stress (Fig. 13). 15. Composite rod according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least parts of the inserted rod are glued to the plastic hollow profile rod (3). 16. Composite rod according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the flanges (1) are glued to the plastic hollow profile rod (3). 17. frame or casement for doors or windows made of a composite rod according to one of claims 1 to 16. 18. Roller shutters made of composite bars according to one of claims 1 to 16.

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