EP0149567B1 - Impact attenuation device - Google Patents
Impact attenuation device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0149567B1 EP0149567B1 EP85400001A EP85400001A EP0149567B1 EP 0149567 B1 EP0149567 B1 EP 0149567B1 EP 85400001 A EP85400001 A EP 85400001A EP 85400001 A EP85400001 A EP 85400001A EP 0149567 B1 EP0149567 B1 EP 0149567B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- drums
- struts
- cables
- downstream
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
- E01F15/14—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact specially adapted for local protection, e.g. for bridge piers, for traffic islands
- E01F15/145—Means for vehicle stopping using impact energy absorbers
- E01F15/146—Means for vehicle stopping using impact energy absorbers fixed arrangements
Definitions
- the invention relates to shock attenuating devices intended to be placed in front of fixed obstacles to avoid a brutal collision of vehicles on said obstacles. These devices must be able to stop vehicles by slowing them down quickly and absorbing the impact energy.
- Document FR-A-2 108426 discloses a device of this nature, comprising, from upstream to downstream in the direction of vehicle traffic, a set of energy absorption elements arranged in cells, and a support element; side cables anchored upstream and downstream of the device are provided on the edges of the assembly, as well as protective elements.
- the cells are delimited by diaphragms intended to support the absorption elements constituted by containers filled with liquid which can escape in a controlled manner.
- the diaphragms are articulated with protective elements.
- This device has a certain number of drawbacks, among which one can cite too high a cost both in initial investment and in maintenance due to the complexity of the device and its partial destruction even during side impacts. Furthermore, the arrangement of the protective elements according to the cited document is such that they open laterally during a frontal impact and dangerously clutter the roadway, which is not without creating secondary risks for motor vehicle traffic already dangerous in general in the areas where these devices are installed.
- the object of the invention is to propose an effective attenuating device which does not have these drawbacks, therefore a device of relatively low cost and easy maintenance.
- the energy absorption elements are drums placed on the ground, in that there are provided between the cells of the transverse rigid spacers supported by the drums, these spacers being equipped with their ends of hooking members used to maintain height and guide the side cables energized and to maintain the protective elements.
- Empty drums are inexpensive items, whether metallic or synthetic. They mainly intervene in the event of a frontal impact where they mechanically absorb the energy of the impact by crushing, without inertia unlike the containers with escaping fluid.
- the protective elements are advantageously elements of slides fixed at one end to the coupling members of the spacers and free at the other, the free end of an element overlapping the fixed end of the next element, the elements of slides being placed at the same height as and externally to the side cables. In this way, in frontal impact, the slide elements are telescoped without deviating laterally and cluttering the road.
- the attenuating device 1 essentially consists, from upstream to downstream in the direction of motor traffic, of a set of drums 2, preferably ordinary empty metal drums, directly placed on the ground 3, placed in front of an element of fixed support 4 well anchored in the ground and itself upstream of the obstacle to be avoided (bridge pier, road branch element, etc.) or else constituting said obstacle.
- the barrels 2 are arranged in cells separated by rigid transverse spacers 5 constituted for example by hollow metal beams with rectangular section. These spacers 5 are maintained at a height lower than that of the barrels 2 by brackets 6 retained on the top of the barrels 2 by legs 7 advantageously welded. Two brackets 6 are sufficient to maintain a spacer.
- the legs 7 are preferably placed astride two almost adjacent barrels of two neighboring cells.
- Hanging members 8 are placed at the ends of the spacers. These members 8 can advantageously be flat bent in a U, the legs of which are inserted in the hollow beams 5 and are retained there by a fixing means 9 such as pins, bolts or the like.
- a bore makes it possible to bolt both an end of a slide element 10, outside of the member 8, and a separating device 11, inside of the member 8.
- This separator device 11 delimits with the member 8 itself two passages for two superimposed lateral cables 12 securely retained upstream and downstream of the damping device 1 by anchor blocks 13 and 14. These cables 12 have the function of redirecting the cars, of maintaining the drums, and above all of resuming the forces in the event of a side impact.
- the slide elements 10 are fixed at a single end, either upstream or downstream, the other end overlapping the fixed end of the neighboring element 10, either downstream or upstream: the conventional interlocking profiles of slide 10, as well as the where appropriate, additional devices 15 welded to one end of a slide element 10, keep the consecutive elements 10 correctly nested, and make all of the slide elements 10 a telescopable assembly.
- the telescopable slide elements 10 are completed upstream by a rounded slide element or overhead 10 'and downstream by conventional slides 10 "supported by posts 16 which make it possible to protect the obstacle well.
- the spacers 5 are identical apart from their length which increases from upstream to downstream.
- the last spacer, between the last drums 2 and the fixed support 4, which cannot be properly supported by the drums 2, is mounted on a support 17 directly placed on the ground (see fig. 4). This support is wide enough to provide rigid support for the drums allowing them to deform fully during a frontal impact.
- the barrels 2 in the cells are contiguous in a substantially longitudinal direction. Depending on the width of the cell, they can also be contiguous with other drums in a more or less transverse direction, but this is relatively unimportant since the drums 2 are not intended to absorb lateral shocks.
- an attenuator device of simple and economical design is obtained, easy to replace.
- frontal impact the drums crash while absorbing energy, the slide elements telescoping, the whole remains held by the side cables.
- the cables take up part of the resistant forces (both the cables directly exposed to the impact and those on the other side, due to the transfer of forces by the spacers), the drums are moved transversely but practically not crushed (except possibly the barrel directly facing the shock) so that it is easy and inexpensive to replace the device after a side impact.
- the shock attenuators according to the invention can take different configurations depending on the environment and the shock speeds to which they are adapted. Rectangular or trapezoidal, they have a length for example of 3 to 9 m (distance between fixed support and head), a width of 1 to 2.50 m, and require 10 to 30 drums of about 90 cm in height. These details are given for information only and are in no way limiting.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne les dispositifs atténuateurs de chocs destinés à être placés devant des obstacles fixes pour éviter une collision brutale des véhicules sur lesdits obstacles. Ces dispositifs doivent être capables d'arrêter les véhicules en les ralentissant rapidement et en absorbant l'énergie du choc.The invention relates to shock attenuating devices intended to be placed in front of fixed obstacles to avoid a brutal collision of vehicles on said obstacles. These devices must be able to stop vehicles by slowing them down quickly and absorbing the impact energy.
On connaît par le document FR-A-2 108426 un dispositif de cette nature, comportant, d'amont en aval dans le sens de la circulation des véhicules, un ensemble d'éléments d'absorption d'énergie disposés en cellules, et un élément d'appui; des cables latéraux ancrés en amont et en aval du dispositif sont prévus sur les bords de l'ensemble, ainsi que des éléments de protection. Selon ce document, les cellules sont délimitées par des diaphragmes destinés à supporter les éléments d'absorption constitués par des récipients remplis de liquide pouvant s'échapper de façon contrôlée. Aux diaphragmes sont articulés les éléments de protection.Document FR-A-2 108426 discloses a device of this nature, comprising, from upstream to downstream in the direction of vehicle traffic, a set of energy absorption elements arranged in cells, and a support element; side cables anchored upstream and downstream of the device are provided on the edges of the assembly, as well as protective elements. According to this document, the cells are delimited by diaphragms intended to support the absorption elements constituted by containers filled with liquid which can escape in a controlled manner. The diaphragms are articulated with protective elements.
Ce dispositif présente un certain nombre d'inconvénients au nombre desquels on peut citer un coût trop important à la fois en investissement initial et en entretien en raison de la complexité du dispositif et de sa destruction partielle même lors de chocs latéraux. Par ailleurs l'agencement des éléments de protection selon le document cité est tel que ceux-ci s'ouvrent latéralement lors d'un choc frontal et encombrent dangereusement la chaussée, ce qui ne va pas sans créer des risques secondaires pour la circulation automobile déjà dangereuse en général dans les zones où sont installés ces dispositifs.This device has a certain number of drawbacks, among which one can cite too high a cost both in initial investment and in maintenance due to the complexity of the device and its partial destruction even during side impacts. Furthermore, the arrangement of the protective elements according to the cited document is such that they open laterally during a frontal impact and dangerously clutter the roadway, which is not without creating secondary risks for motor vehicle traffic already dangerous in general in the areas where these devices are installed.
Le but de l'invention est de proposer un dispositif atténuateur efficace ne présentant pas ces inconvénients, donc un dispositif de coût relativement faible et d'entretien aisé.The object of the invention is to propose an effective attenuating device which does not have these drawbacks, therefore a device of relatively low cost and easy maintenance.
Ce but est atteint selon l'invention en ce que les éléments d'absorption d'énergie sont des fûts posés à terre, en ce qu'il est prévu entre les cellules des entretoises rigides transversales supportées par les fûts, ces entretoises étant équipées à leurs extrémités d'organes d'accrochage servant à maintenir à hauteur et à guider les cables latéraux mis sous tension et à maintenir les éléments de protection.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the energy absorption elements are drums placed on the ground, in that there are provided between the cells of the transverse rigid spacers supported by the drums, these spacers being equipped with their ends of hooking members used to maintain height and guide the side cables energized and to maintain the protective elements.
Les fûts vides sont des éléments peu coûteux, qu'ils soient métalliques ou synthétiques. Ils interviennent essentiellement en cas de choc frontal où ils absorbent mécaniquement l'énergie du choc par écrasement, sans inertie au contraire des récipients à fluide qui s'échappe. Les éléments de protection sont avantageusement des éléments de glissières fixés à une extrémité sur les organes d'accrochage des entretoises et libres à l'autre, l'extrémité libre d'un élément chevauchant l'extrémité fixée de l'élément suivant, les éléments de glissières étant placés à même hauteur que et extérieurement aux cables latéraux. De la sorte, en choc frontal, les éléments de glissière se télescopent sans s'écarter latéralement et encombrer la chaussée. En choc latéral, et c'est là une grande originalité du dispositif, ce sont surtout les cables tendus et les entretoises qui travaillent, les fûts ne s'écrasant pas mais se contenant de supporter les entretoises: l'essentiel des forces développées lors d'un choc latéral est repris directement par les cables sous tension qui travaillent autant l'un que l'autre grâce aux entretoises rigides qui transmettent bien les forces, une très faible partie étant reprise par le frottement des fûts lors de leur déplacement latéral sous le choc.Empty drums are inexpensive items, whether metallic or synthetic. They mainly intervene in the event of a frontal impact where they mechanically absorb the energy of the impact by crushing, without inertia unlike the containers with escaping fluid. The protective elements are advantageously elements of slides fixed at one end to the coupling members of the spacers and free at the other, the free end of an element overlapping the fixed end of the next element, the elements of slides being placed at the same height as and externally to the side cables. In this way, in frontal impact, the slide elements are telescoped without deviating laterally and cluttering the road. In side impact, and this is a great originality of the device, it is especially the stretched cables and the spacers that work, the drums not crushing but containing themselves to support the spacers: the main forces developed during '' a side impact is taken up directly by the tensioned cables which work as much as the other thanks to the rigid spacers which transmit forces well, a very small part being taken up by the friction of the drums during their lateral movement under the shock.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description suivante d'un mode préféré de réalisation. Il sera fait référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels:
- - les figures 1 et 2 sont des vues respectivement de côté et en plan d'un dispositif amortisseur conforme à l'invention,
- - les figures 3 et 4 sont des coupes respectivement III-III et IV-IV de la figure 2.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are respectively side and plan views of a damping device according to the invention,
- - Figures 3 and 4 are sections III-III and IV-IV respectively of Figure 2.
Le dispositif atténuateur 1 se compose essentiellement, d'amont en aval dans le sens de la circulation automobile, d'un ensemble de fûts 2, de préférence de banals fûts métalliques vides, directement posés sur le sol 3, placés devant un élément d'appui fixe 4 bien ancré dans le sol et lui-même en amont de l'obstacle à éviter (pile de pont, élément d'embranchement routier, etc.) ou bien constituant ledit obstacle.The attenuating device 1 essentially consists, from upstream to downstream in the direction of motor traffic, of a set of
Les fûts 2 sont disposés en cellules séparées par des entretoises rigides transversales 5 constituées par exemple de poutres métalliques creuses à section rectangulaire. Ces entretoises 5 sont maintenues à une hauteur inférieure à celle des fûts 2 par des potences 6 retenues sur le haut des fûts 2 par des pattes 7 avantageusement soudées. Deux potences 6 suffisent à maintenir une entretoise. Les pattes 7 sont placées de préférence à cheval sur deux fûts presque contigus de deux cellules voisines.The
Aux extrémités des entretoises sont placés des organes d'accrochage 8. Ces organes 8 peuvent avantageusement être des plats pliés en U dont les pattes s'insérent dans les poutres creuses 5 et y sont retenues par un moyen de fixation 9 tel que des goupilles, boulons ou analogues.Hanging members 8 are placed at the ends of the spacers. These members 8 can advantageously be flat bent in a U, the legs of which are inserted in the
Sur le dos de l'organe d'accrochage 8, un perçage permet de boulonner à la fois une extrémité d'un élément de glissière 10, extérieurement à l'organe 8, et un dispositif séparateur 11, intérieurement à l'organe 8. Ce dispositif séparateur 11 (par exemple un tronçon de tube) délimite avec l'organe 8 lui-même deux passages pour deux cables latéraux superposés 12 solidement retenus en amont et en aval du dispositif amortisseur 1 par des massifs d'ancrage 13 et 14. Ces cables 12 ont pour fonction de rediriger les voitures, de maintenir les fûts, et surtout de reprendre les efforts en cas de choc latéral.On the back of the fastening member 8, a bore makes it possible to bolt both an end of a
Les éléments de glissière 10 sont fixés à une seule extrémité, soit amont soit aval, l'autre extrémité chevauchant l'extrémité fixe de l'élément 10 voisin, soit aval soit amont: les profils conventionnels emboîtables de glissière 10, ainsi que, le cas échéant, des dispositifs annexes 15 soudés à l'une des extrémités d'un élément de glissière 10, maintiennent les éléments 10 consécutifs correctement emboîtés, et font de l'ensemble des éléments de glissière 10 un ensemble télescopable.The
Les éléments de glissière télescopables 10 sont complétés en amont par un élément de glissière arrondi ou musoir 10' et en aval par des glissières conventionnelles 10" supportées par des poteaux 16 qui permettent de bien protéger l'obstacle.The
Les entretoises 5 sont identiques en dehors de leur longueur qui croît d'amont en aval. La dernière entretoise, entre les derniers fûts 2 et l'appui fixe 4, ne pouvant être correctement supportée par les fûts 2, est montée sur un support 17 directement posé à terre (cf. fig. 4). Ce support est suffisamment large pour assurer un appui rigide pour les fûts permettant à ceux-ci de se déformer pleinement lors d'un choc frontal.The
Les fûts 2 dans les cellules sont contigus dans une direction sensiblement longitudinale. Selon la largeur de la cellule, ils peuvent aussi être contigus avec d'autres fûts dans une direction plus ou moins transversale, mais cela est relativement sans importance étant donné que les fûts 2 ne sont pas destinés à absorber les chocs latéraux.The
Ainsi, selon l'invention, on obtient un dispositif atténuateur de conception simple et économique, facile à remplacer. En choc frontal, les fûts s'écrasent en absorbant l'énergie, les éléments de glissière se télescopent, l'ensemble reste maintenu par les cables latéraux. En choc latéral, les cables reprennent une partie des forces résistantes (aussi bien les cables directement confrontés au choc que ceux de l'autre côté, en raison du report de forces par les entretoises), les fûts sont déplacés transversalement mais pratiquement non écrasés (sauf éventuellement le fût directement confronté au choc) si bien qu'il est facile et peu onéreux de remettre le dispositif en place après un choc latéral.Thus, according to the invention, an attenuator device of simple and economical design is obtained, easy to replace. In frontal impact, the drums crash while absorbing energy, the slide elements telescoping, the whole remains held by the side cables. In lateral impact, the cables take up part of the resistant forces (both the cables directly exposed to the impact and those on the other side, due to the transfer of forces by the spacers), the drums are moved transversely but practically not crushed ( except possibly the barrel directly facing the shock) so that it is easy and inexpensive to replace the device after a side impact.
Comme on l'a compris, l'invention est essentiellement basée sur la présence des entretoises qui remplissent des fonctions multiples, à savoir:
- - support des guide-cables et maintien des cables latéraux à hauteur (environ 0,70 m),
- - maintien des fûts en place, notamment lors des chocs, avec interdiction d'un gonflement de l'atténuateur,
- - répartition en choc frontal des efforts sur l'ensemble des fûts d'une même rangée,
- - répartition en choc latéral des efforts sur les deux files de cables,
- -support, par les guide-cables, des éléments de glissement télescopiques et du musoir avant.
- - support of the cable guides and maintenance of the side cables at height (about 0.70 m),
- - keeping the barrels in place, especially during impacts, with a ban on swelling of the attenuator,
- - distribution in frontal impact of the forces on all the drums of the same row,
- - distribution in lateral shock of the forces on the two rows of cables,
- -support, by the cable guides, telescopic sliding elements and the front head.
Naturellement les atténuateurs de chocs conformes à l'invention peuvent prendre différentes configurations en fonction de l'environnement et des vitesses de choc auxquels ils sont adaptés. De forme rectangulaire ou trapézoidale, ils ont une longueur par exemple de 3 à 9 m (distance appui fixe-musoir), une largeur de 1 à 2,50 m, et nécessitent de 10 à 30 fûts d'environ 90 cm de hauteur. Ces précisions ne sont données qu'à titre d'indications et ne sont nullement limitatives.Naturally, the shock attenuators according to the invention can take different configurations depending on the environment and the shock speeds to which they are adapted. Rectangular or trapezoidal, they have a length for example of 3 to 9 m (distance between fixed support and head), a width of 1 to 2.50 m, and require 10 to 30 drums of about 90 cm in height. These details are given for information only and are in no way limiting.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT85400001T ATE33275T1 (en) | 1984-01-13 | 1985-01-02 | ANTI-CUSHIONING DEVICE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8400518 | 1984-01-13 | ||
| FR8400518A FR2558186B1 (en) | 1984-01-13 | 1984-01-13 | SHOCK ATTENUATING DEVICE |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0149567A2 EP0149567A2 (en) | 1985-07-24 |
| EP0149567A3 EP0149567A3 (en) | 1985-08-14 |
| EP0149567B1 true EP0149567B1 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
Family
ID=9300107
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85400001A Expired EP0149567B1 (en) | 1984-01-13 | 1985-01-02 | Impact attenuation device |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0149567B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE33275T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3562029D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES295707Y (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2558186B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7101111B2 (en) | 1999-07-19 | 2006-09-05 | Exodyne Technologies Inc. | Flared energy absorbing system and method |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3708861C2 (en) * | 1987-02-20 | 1999-03-25 | Sps Schutzplanken Gmbh | Impact absorber |
| EP0286782B1 (en) * | 1987-03-18 | 1991-04-10 | Sps Schutzplanken Gmbh | Impact attenuation device |
| IT1239582B (en) * | 1990-02-07 | 1993-11-10 | C.R.A. Centro Ricerche Applicate | IMPACT DISSIPATION BARRIER. |
| US6116805A (en) * | 1997-05-05 | 2000-09-12 | Gertz; David C. | Crash attenuator with a row of compressible hoops |
| US7306397B2 (en) | 2002-07-22 | 2007-12-11 | Exodyne Technologies, Inc. | Energy attenuating safety system |
| US7168880B2 (en) | 2004-11-17 | 2007-01-30 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Impact attenuator system |
| DE102004058884B4 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2018-05-03 | Sps Schutzplanken Gmbh | Impact absorbers on traffic routes |
| WO2009117348A1 (en) | 2008-03-17 | 2009-09-24 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Rebound control material |
| RU2724634C1 (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-06-25 | Александр Валерьевич Чкалин | Road frontal fence |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3674115A (en) * | 1970-09-23 | 1972-07-04 | Energy Absorption System | Liquid shock absorbing buffer |
| US3845936A (en) * | 1973-05-25 | 1974-11-05 | Steel Corp | Modular crash cushion |
| NL8003653A (en) * | 1980-06-24 | 1982-01-18 | Nederlanden Staat | OBSTACLE SAVER. |
-
1984
- 1984-01-13 FR FR8400518A patent/FR2558186B1/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-01-02 AT AT85400001T patent/ATE33275T1/en active
- 1985-01-02 DE DE8585400001T patent/DE3562029D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-01-02 EP EP85400001A patent/EP0149567B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-01-09 ES ES1985295707U patent/ES295707Y/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7101111B2 (en) | 1999-07-19 | 2006-09-05 | Exodyne Technologies Inc. | Flared energy absorbing system and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE33275T1 (en) | 1988-04-15 |
| FR2558186A1 (en) | 1985-07-19 |
| ES295707U (en) | 1987-03-16 |
| ES295707Y (en) | 1987-11-01 |
| EP0149567A2 (en) | 1985-07-24 |
| DE3562029D1 (en) | 1988-05-05 |
| EP0149567A3 (en) | 1985-08-14 |
| FR2558186B1 (en) | 1986-06-20 |
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| PUAL | Search report despatched |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
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