EP0149053B1 - Ventilation apparatus for rooms - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A room ventilator in which a radial fan (19) is disposed in a parallelipipedic casing (1), a scroll chamber (21) extends as an insert around the fan rotor (20) in the casing (1) and the scroll chamber (21) and a tangential and/or radial passage (28) into which the scroll chamber (21) merges is contrived directly in the block-like insert, the same being made of a sound-damping material such as foam plastic or sponge rubber, characterised in that near an air passage part (27) open on the end face the insert (25) is at such a distance (30', 30") from the adjacent casing wall that the open part (27) extends into an air distribution chamber (32) disposed in the casing (1) before the end face of the insert (25), and the outer long sides of the insert (25) in which the scroll chamber (21) and air passage (28) are contrived have, at least over the longitudinal portion (34', 34") comprising the open part (27) of the air passage (28), bevelled parts (35', 35") extending at an acute angle to the adjacent casing longitudinal walls (3', 3"), the same being formed with air passages, for example, in the form of a grid of apertures (33', 33").

Description

The invention relates to a ventilation device for rooms with a radial fan arranged in a cuboid housing and a casing spiral comprising the impeller within the housing as an insert body, in which the casing spiral and a tangential and / or radial air duct connected to it directly in the block-like insert body is formed from sound-absorbing material, for example foam or foam rubber.

From GB-A-1 486 461 a ventilation device for rooms is known in which an insert body made of sound-absorbing material is arranged in a cuboid housing, which includes a casing spiral, which encompasses the impeller of the radial fan and to which is directly and approximately tangentially and / or an air duct connects radially.

In this known ventilation device, a sound-absorbing effect is achieved by the insert body containing the casing spiral, without even long flow paths being present within the cuboid housing.

In addition, measures have already been taken to achieve a flow distribution within the cuboid housing.

It is there that a box-like housing part is additionally placed on the end face of the insert body made of sound-absorbing material and enclosing the casing spiral, which is covered on its inner wall surfaces with sound-absorbing laminated bodies.

Through these measures, however, the flow paths for the air within the cuboid housing are considerably lengthened, and this while accepting a considerably increased overall height for the cuboid housing.

A similar ventilation device is part of the prior art through US-A-2 061 535. Here, the air inlet and the air outlet in the height direction of the housing are arranged at a distance above one another and on housing walls that face away from one another, so that a correspondingly large overall height also results here. In addition, the air duct from the fan to the air outlet is meandering in order to obtain the longest possible air flow path. As a result of this, the housing of the ventilation device must also have a relatively large overall length. Finally, the insert body made of sound-absorbing material is formed by a multiplicity of plate-shaped bodies lying one above the other, so that this results in a relatively complicated structure of the entire ventilation device.

The aim of the invention is to bring about a favorable flow distribution of the air already within the cuboid housing, so that the air flowing into the room to be ventilated cannot cause any noticeable drafts. At the same time, long flow paths should be avoided within the cuboid housing, so that the cuboid housing can be used with small structural dimensions and therefore requires only a small installation space when it is arranged on the inside of building walls.

This aim is achieved according to the invention according to the characterizing part of claim 1, namely in that the insert body is at a distance from the adjacent building wall in the region of an open section of the air duct, such that the open section opens into an air distribution chamber located in front of the end face of the insert body in the housing , and that the outer longitudinal sides of the insert spiral containing the casing spiral and the air duct are provided, at least over the length section containing the open section of the air duct, with bevels which run at an acute angle to the adjacent longitudinal housing walls, in which air passages, e.g. B. in the form of a grid perforation.

Another important training feature of the ventilation device according to the invention consists in that between each longitudinal wall of the housing and the inclined, adjacent longitudinal side of the insert body, at least in the area of the air passages, a swivel flap is provided as a closure and air guide member. Furthermore, it has proven to be important if, according to claim 3, each swivel flap is mounted on the housing longitudinal walls near the housing rear wall and consists of a profile having two obtuse angles to one another, the angular distance of the legs from one another to the angle is matched between the end face and the inclined longitudinal side of the insert body containing the casing spiral and the air duct.

For the purpose of simple actuation, it is provided according to claim 4 that each swivel flap is adjustable between its closed position and its open position by means of a rotary knob or toggle mounted on the end wall of the housing via a crank pin which engages in a cam slot provided on the free leg of the swivel flap.

A simple structure of the ventilation device can also be achieved according to the invention in that, according to claim 5, the longitudinal side walls and the end wall of the cuboid housing are each formed by extruded profiles made of light metal or plastic, while its transverse walls are manufactured as molded parts from light metal die casting or plastic injection molding are and the rear wall is a folded molding made of sheet metal.

It is advantageous if according to claim 6 the two longitudinal side walls of the cuboid housing consist of the same, but mirror-inverted extruded profiles, and the end wall of the same is formed by two mirror-inverted extruded profiles and an additional extruded profile that couples them together.

The one with the outside air passage of the housing opposite wall of the casing spiral is according to the further inventive feature of claim 7 of a plate-like flat insert body made of sound-absorbing material, for. B. foam plastic or foam rubber, on the inside of which a support plate of soundproof material rests, to which the stator of the radial fan is attached. This measure has the particular advantage that damping of both high and low sound frequencies is achieved directly in the working area of the radial fan.

A particularly favorable embodiment of the ventilation device can be achieved according to claim 8 in that the plate-like flat insert body only covers the part of the air duct that connects tangentially to the casing spiral, while the radial part of the same over its entire length is spaced from the opposite housing wall and / or has a soundproofing pad attached to it. As a result, a sideways flow distribution of the air can be advantageously achieved within the cuboid housing, which results in a further improvement in the damping effect.

In many cases it is desirable or even a requirement to remove dust and pollutant particles from the air conveyed by the ventilation device before it enters the interior of the room. For this purpose, it has proven to be particularly recommendable to assign an interchangeable filter insert, for example made of a multiply folded filter paper laminated body, to the block-like insert body, at least in the radial part of the air duct, the filter insert being at least over a partial height in the block-like insert body extends into it, while its remaining part height projects into the free space between the insert body and the housing end wall.

In this way, a large filter area can be made available in a simple manner with a relatively small space requirement, which can be replaced at any time in a simple manner.

• Fig. die Lüftungsvorrichtung nach der Erfindung in Ansicht von vorne,
• Fig. 2 die Lüftungsvorrichtung nach Fig. 1 in teilweise geschnittener Seitenansicht,
• Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch die Lüftungsvorrichtung nach Fig. 1 entlang der Linie 111 - 111 und
• Fig. 4 einen vergrößerten Teilbereich aus Fig. 3.

Further features and advantages of the subject of the innovation are explained below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. Here shows

• Fig. The ventilation device according to the invention in front view,
• 2 shows the ventilation device according to FIG. 1 in a partially sectioned side view,
• 3 shows a cross section through the ventilation device according to FIG. 1 along the line 111-111 and
• FIG. 4 shows an enlarged partial area from FIG. 3.

In the drawing, a ventilation device for rooms is shown, which is particularly suitable for arrangement on the inside of building walls, for example in living and working rooms.

As can be clearly seen in FIGS. 1 to 3, the ventilation device has a cuboid housing 1 with a housing rear wall 2, two housing longitudinal walls 3 'and 3 ", two housing transverse walls 4' and 4" and a housing end wall 5.

The housing rear wall 2 is, for example, made of sheet metal as a bent molding which has two longitudinal flanges 2 'and 2 "and is provided with a circular air passage opening 2"' (FIG. 2), for example punched out.

With the housing rear wall 2, the two housing transverse walls 4 'and 4 "are detachably connected, for example by screws, at the opposite transverse edges. It is advantageous here for the housing transverse walls 4' and 4" to be molded from light metal die-casting or to produce plastic injection molding and thus to provide it with stiffening ribs in a simple manner with a relatively small wall thickness, as well as to provide openings, cavities and chambers for receiving electrical switching and installation elements, as is shown in FIG. 2 in connection with the housing Cross wall 4 "is shown.

The housing rear wall 2 engages with its transverse edges in rabbet-like shoulders 4 "'of the housing transverse walls 4' and 4", as is indicated in FIG. 2 with reference to the housing transverse wall 4 ". This ensures an exact alignment of the housing Cross walls 4 'and 4 "relative to the housing rear wall 2 are guaranteed.

The housing longitudinal walls 3 'and 3 "are advantageously made of light metal or plastic extruded profiles which have at least along or near their longitudinal edges molded profile webs 6' and 6" on the back, as can be seen in FIG. 4. The profile web 6 'is shaped such that it delimits a longitudinal groove 8 with a hook-like profile nose 7', which is open towards the longitudinal edge 9 of the longitudinal housing walls 3 'and 3 ". In these longitudinal grooves 8 of the longitudinal housing walls 3' and 3 "come the two angled longitudinal flange 2 'and 2" of the housing rear wall 2 for engagement, as can be clearly seen from FIGS. 3 and 4.

Another profile nose 7 "of the profile web 6 'is directed towards the opposite side and is shaped in such a way that it delimits a groove 11 with a circular arc in cross section with a bead 10 located directly on the inside of the housing longitudinal walls (FIG. 4).

The profile web 6 "is arranged and designed such that, together with a bead lying directly on the second longitudinal edge 12 of the housing longitudinal walls 3 'and 3", it delimits a groove 13 which is circular in cross-section.

Each longitudinal housing wall 3 'and 3 "engages with its two transverse edges 3"' in rabbet-like recesses in the housing transverse walls 4 'and 4 ", which are similar to the rabbet-like recesses 4"' for the transverse edges of the housing rear wall 2.

The housing end wall 5 is composed of several extruded profiles arranged parallel to one another, which can also be made of light metal or plastic. In this case, it is formed by at least two extruded profiles 5 'and 5 "which are mirror images of one another. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the two extruded profiles 5' and 5" are coupled to one another by an interposed third extruded profile 5 "', as can be clearly seen in FIG. 3 is.

The extruded profiles 5 ', 5 "and 5"' or the housing end wall 5 formed by them engage or engage with them transverse edges for securing the position in fold-like depressions which are formed corresponding to the fold-like depressions 4 "'and on the boundary edge of the Housing transverse walls 4 'and 4 "lie, as can be seen from Fig. 1.

The two extruded profiles 5 'and 5 "lying in mirror image to one another can each be pivoted into the circular grooves 13 of the longitudinal housing walls 3' and 3" by means of integrally formed and circular-arched profiled coupling webs 14, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 4. Then they are coupled at the mutually facing longitudinal edges via mutually engaging abutment webs 15 and 16 by the third extruded profile 5 "', in such a way that the outer surfaces of all the extruded profiles 5', 5" and 5 "'of the housing end wall 5 lie in the same plane and merge with a radius of curvature into the housing longitudinal walls 3 'and 3 "(Fig. 3).

The secure retaining connection of both the housing longitudinal walls 3 ', 3 "and all the extruded profiles 5', 5" and 5 "'of the housing end wall 5 with the two housing transverse walls 4' and 4". can be caused in the simplest way, namely by rotatable sash 17, which are mounted near the transverse edges of the extruded profile 5 "'and can be pivoted with their sash tongues into associated pockets of the housing transverse walls 4' and 4" with the generation of a pretension.

The outer surface of the housing rear wall 2 is covered with a vibration-damping coating 18, for example a thin layer of elastic foam plastic or foam rubber. This covering is provided in the aligned position with the air passage opening 2 "'of the housing rear wall 2 with a corresponding cutout 18'.

A radial blower 19 is arranged within the cuboid housing of the ventilation device between the housing rear wall 2, the two housing longitudinal walls 3 ', 3 "and the housing end wall 5, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2. This radial blower 19 is formed by an impeller 20 and a casing spiral 21 surrounding it, an electric motor 22 serving to drive the impeller 20, the stator 23 of which sits on a holding plate 24. The holding plate 24 for the stator 23 of the electric motor 22 is thus within the cuboid housing 1 provided that the impeller 20 is held in the axial alignment with the air passage opening 2 "'in the rear wall 2 of the housing.

The casing spiral 21 of the radial fan 19 is formed directly into a block-shaped insert body 25 which is made of sound-absorbing material, for. B. foam plastic or foam rubber. This insert body 25 also contains a section 26, which is approximately tangential to the casing spiral 21, and, in turn, a section 27 of an air duct 28 (FIG. 1) which is connected radially to the casing spiral 21 and to the impeller 20.

The opening area of the casing spiral 21 opposite the air passage opening 2 ″ in the rear wall 2 of the housing and the adjoining tangential length section 26 of the air duct 28 is closed off from the front wall 5 by the holding plate 24 for the stator 23 of the electric motor 22, which drives the impeller 20. The holding plate 24 is preferably made of soundproof material, for example sheet metal, and sits on a plate-like flat insert body 29 made of soundproofing material, for example foam plastic or foam rubber, as can be clearly seen in FIG. The plate-like insert body 29 is supported by the housing end wall 5 of the cuboid housing 1 and the holding plate 24 is pressed elastically against the adjacent end surface of the insert body 25, which on the other hand rests on the housing rear wall 2.

The portion 27 of the insert body 25 which contains the section 27 of the air guide duct 28 which is directed essentially radially to the casing spiral 21 or to the impeller 20 of the radial fan 19 has a certain distance 30 'or 30 "from its end face facing away from the housing rear wall 2 of the housing end wall 5, as can be clearly seen in Fig. 3. At least the areas of the housing end wall 5 formed by the extruded profiles 5 'and 5 "can be provided with layered supports 31', 31" made of sound-absorbing material, for example foam plastic or foam rubber, while the middle extrusion 5 "'section 27 the air duct 28 advantageously turns its reverberant surface.

The longitudinal section 27 of the air duct 28, which is directed essentially radially to the casing spiral 21 or to the impeller 20, thus opens outside the installation area of the plate-like insert body 29 into an air distribution chamber 32, which has two distribution channels 32 'and 32' 'facing each other, each lead to one of the two housing longitudinal walls 3 'and 3 ", as can also be seen in FIG. 3. Over the effective area of the air distribution channels 32 ', 32 ", each housing longitudinal wall 3', 3" is provided with an air passage opening, for example in the form of a grid perforation 33 ', 33, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3. So that the grille perforations 33 ′, 33 ″ can form a relatively large air outflow area, the long sides of the insert body 25 containing the casing spiral 21 and the air duct 28 are at least over the length section 34 ′ and 34 having the radial part 27 of the air duct 28 "provided with bevels 35 ', 35" which run at an acute angle to the adjacent longitudinal housing walls 3', 3 ", as can be seen in FIG. 3. This then makes it possible to provide the housing longitudinal walls 3 'and 3 "with grating perforations 33', 33" over a relatively large width section and consequently to obtain a correspondingly broad distribution of the air flow passing through.

Between each longitudinal housing wall 3 ', 3 "and the inclined, adjacent longitudinal side 35' or 35" of the insert body 25 there is a pivoting flap 36 'or 36 "in the cuboid housing 1 at least in the area of the grid perforations 33' and 33" intended.

Each of the swivel flaps 36 'and 36 "serves on the one hand as a closure member to shut off the air passage through the grille perforations 33' and 33", while on the other hand it acts as an air guide member in its open position.

The swivel flaps 36 ', 36 "are each mounted on the housing longitudinal walls 3', 3" in the vicinity of the housing rear wall 2, namely by having a longitudinal edge section 37 with a circular cross section in the circularly profiled groove 11 on the inside the housing longitudinal wall 3 'or 3 "engages, as shown in FIG. 4.

Each swivel flap 36 ', 36 "can consist of an extruded profile, for example made of light metal or hard plastic, and has two legs 38', 39 'and 38", 39 "lying at an obtuse angle to one another, the angular spacing of which depends on the angle between the end face and the inclined longitudinal side on the insert body 25 in the area of the air distribution channels 32 ', 32 "is matched. This embodiment of the swivel flaps 36 ', 36 "can also be clearly seen from FIG. 3.

The two swivel flaps 36 ', 36 "can be moved independently of one another between their closed position (FIG. 3, right) and their open position (FIG. 3, left) by means of a rotary knob or knob 40', 40" mounted on the housing end wall 5 adjust a crank pin 41 ', 41 ". In this case, each crank pin 41' or 41" engages through an arcuate slot 42 'or 42 "in the housing end wall 5 into a curved link slot 43' or 43", which is located on the free leg 38 'or 38 "of the respective swivel flap 36' or 36" is located (Fig. 1). The length of the crank pins 41 ', 41 "is dimensioned such that they remain in constant engagement with the curved link slot 43' or 43" over the entire range of motion of the swivel flaps 36 ', 36 ".

In some cases it is desirable or even a requirement to design ventilation devices for rooms in such a way that the air supplied from outside is freed from dust and pollutant particles before it enters the room.

This possibility can be created in a simple manner by using an exchangeable filter insert 44, which is preferably designed and installed as indicated in FIGS. 1 and 3 by dash-dotted lines.

The filter insert 44 is assigned to the section 27 of the air duct 28 in the block-shaped insert body 25 which is directed radially to the casing spiral 21. He has a stiff-shaped and often zigzag-shaped folded filter material layer body 45, for example made of paper fleece, which along its longitudinal edges on two thin carrier plates 46 and 47, z. B. made of cardboard. The filter insert 44 is received on a part of its height by a step 48, which is formed equidistant from the inner boundary wall of the air duct section 27 in the insert body 25 (FIGS. 1 and 3). With the remaining part of its height, the filter insert 44 projects freely into the spacing area 30 ′, 30 ″, which is left free between the housing end wall 5 and the surface of the insert body 25 facing it, as shown in FIG. 3.

The carrier plate 47 of the filter insert 44 is provided with a slot-like opening 49, through which the filter material laminate 45 corresponds to the air duct 28 and its filter surfaces formed by multiple folding are acted upon by the entering air before it enters the space 30 ', 30 " Inside the housing 1. Appropriately, the support plate 46 of the filter insert 44 adjacent to the housing end wall 5 is designed to be closed over its entire surface, so that the air can only flow in a lateral direction from the filter insert 44 into the interior of the housing 1 before it closes the air passage openings, for example the grid perforations 33 ', 33 ", in the housing longitudinal walls 3', 3".

Since the extruded profiles 5 'and 5 "forming the housing end wall 5 are easily detachably coupled to the housing longitudinal walls 3' and 3" there are no difficulties in changing the filter insert 44 as required.

Finally, it should also be pointed out that a ventilation device of the type described in detail above can of course also be designed as a pure pressure differential ventilation device.

For this purpose, it is only necessary to omit the impeller 20 and the electric motor 22 in the area of the casing spiral 21 of the block-shaped insert body 25.

The use of such pressure differential ventilation devices is particularly recommended for those rooms for the ventilation of which, on the one hand, forced ventilation devices of the bar type described above are used, but in which, on the other hand - B. due to the high sealing effect of the built-in windows and doors - the possibility of achieving natural pressure equalization is missing. Here it is then necessary to allow the forced ventilation device to be assigned an otherwise identical pressure differential ventilation device to enable pressure equalization, which is then preferably installed on a different room wall than the forced ventilation device.

Since in a pressure differential ventilation device, the holding plate 24 is not required as a support for the stator 23 of the electric motor 22 and the impeller 20, it may be appropriate to reverse the relative position of the plate-like flat insert body 29 and the holding plate 24 within the housing 1, so that in the case of a pressure differential ventilation device, the insert body 29 adjoins the insert body 25, while the holding plate 24 is turned away from it.

Although it would also be conceivable to completely omit the holding plate 24 made of sound-hard material, it has been shown that a better sound insulation effect can be achieved if this holding plate 24 is retained, as it were as weighting material for the flat insert body 29.

The opposite installation position of the holding plate 24 and insert body 29 in pressure differential ventilation devices compared to the arrangement according to FIG. 2 does not cause any difficulties, because the installation space required for this is available in any case within the housing 1.

The main advantage of the ventilation device shown in the drawing and described in detail above is not only that it has a simple assembly and therefore particularly easy to maintain and repair, but it is also advantageous that it enables a large air throughput in a structurally small dimension, and also ensures good sound absorption.

Claims (9)

1. A room ventilator in which a radial fan (19) is disposed in a parallelipipedic casing (1), a scroll chamber (21) extends as an insert around the fan rotor (20) in the casing (1) and the scroll chamber (21) and a tangential and/or radial passage (28) into which the scroll chamber (21) merges is contrived directly in the block-like insert, the same being made of a sound-damping material such as foam plastic or sponge rubber, characterised in that near an air passage part (27) open on the end face the insert (25) is at such a distance (30', 30") from the adjacent casing wall that the open part (27) extends into an air distribution chamber (32) disposed in the casing (1) before the end face of the insert (25), and the outer long sides of the insert (25) in which the scroll chamber (21) and air passage (28) are contrived have, at least over the longitudinal portion (34', 34") comprising the open part (27) of the air passage (28), bevelled parts (35', 35") extending at an acute angle to the adjacent casing longitudinal walls (3', 3"), the same being formed with air passages, for example, in the form of a grid of apertures (33', 33").

2. A ventilator according to claim 1, characterised in that a pivoted flap (36', 36") effective as closure element and air-guiding element is provided between each casing longitudinal wall (3', 3") and the adjacent long side (35', 35") at an inclination thereto of the insert (25) at least near the air passages (33', 33").

3. A ventilator according to claim 1 and/or 2, characterised in that each flap (36', 36") is mounted (11, 37) on the casing longitudinal walls (3', 3") near the casing back wall (2) and is in the form of a section member having two arms (38', 39' and 38", 39" respectively) disposed at an obtuse angle to one another, the angular distance between the arms (38', 39' and 38", 39" respectively) being adapted to the angle between the end face and the long side (35', 35" respectively) at an inclination thereto of the insert (25) (Fig. 3).

4. A ventilator according to any of claims 1 - 3, characterised in that each flap (36', 36" respectively) is adjustable between its closed position and its open position by a rotatable knob or toggle (40', 40" respectively) mounted on the casing end wall (5) and acting by way of a crank pin (41', 41" respectively) engaging in a camming slot (43', 43" respectively) in the free arm (38', 38" respectively) of the flap (36', 36" respectively).

5. A ventilator according to any of claims 1 - 4, characterised in that the longitudinal side walls (3', 3") and the end wall (5) of the parallelipipedic casing (1) are embodied by extruded light metal or plastics sections whereas the casing transverse walls (4', 4") are light metal diecastings or plastics injection mouldings and the back wall (2) is a member sheet metal pressing.

6. A ventilator according to any of claims 1 - 5, characterised in that the two long side walls (3', 3") of the casing (1) are identical extruded sections disposed in laterally inverted relationship to one another and the casing end wall (5) is embodied by two extruded sections (5', 5") disposed in laterally inverted relationship to one another and by an additional extruded section (5"') interconnecting the last-mentioned extruded sections (5', 5").

7. A ventilator according to any of claims 1 - 6, characterised in that the scroll wall disposed opposite a casing air passage (2"') adapated to be connected to the outside air is embodied by a flat plate-like insert (29) made of a sound-damping material such as foam plastics or sponge rubber and a retaining plate (24) which is made of an acoustically inert material and to which the stator (23) of the radial fan (19) is secured engages the inside of the last-mentioned insert (29).

8. A ventilator according to of claims 1 - 7, characterised in that the plate-like flat insert (29) covers only that part (26) of the air passage (28) which is connected tangentially to the scroll chamber while the radial part (27) of the passage (28) is disposed over its whole length at a distance (30') from the opposite casing end wall (5) and/or a sound-damping covering (31', 31") thereon.

9. A ventilator according to any of claims 1 - 8, characterised in that a replaceable filter insert (44) for instance, in the form of a multiple-folded laminated filter paper element, is associated with the block-like insert (25) at least in the radial part (27) of the air passage (28) and extends over at least some of its height into the insert (25) and over the remainder of its height into the free gap (30, 30") between the insert (25) and the casing end wall (5).

Images