EP0146092A2 - Inflatable or inflated seat cushion - Google Patents

Inflatable or inflated seat cushion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0146092A2
EP0146092A2 EP84114945A EP84114945A EP0146092A2 EP 0146092 A2 EP0146092 A2 EP 0146092A2 EP 84114945 A EP84114945 A EP 84114945A EP 84114945 A EP84114945 A EP 84114945A EP 0146092 A2 EP0146092 A2 EP 0146092A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seat cushion
chambers
cushion according
another
seat
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP84114945A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0146092A3 (en
EP0146092B1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Dieter Dr.Med. Hellwig
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Hellwig Klaus Dieter Drmed
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Individual
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Priority to AT84114945T priority Critical patent/ATE44215T1/en
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Publication of EP0146092A3 publication Critical patent/EP0146092A3/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/02—Seat parts
    • A47C7/021—Detachable or loose seat cushions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/62—Inflatable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S297/00—Chairs and seats
    • Y10S297/03—Pneumatic

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to an inflatable or inflated seat cushion made of flexible material with several (primarily two) chambers arranged next to one another and communicating with one another.
  • the invention is based on the fact that inflatable seat cushions of various types and designs are already known, but which, regardless of the material-related beaded shape of their chambers, generally place value on a flat seating surface parallel to the base. With these seat cushions, the most important thing is padding against a hard surface and protective shielding against damp and / or cold contact surfaces for the seat cushion.
  • the invention is directed to the formation of a seat cushion designed according to medical orthopedic aspects for the prevention and treatment of poor posture and postural damage, taking into account essential newly-recognized relationships that have so far been neglected in the relevant scientific studies.
  • the starting point of the considerations is the fact that after long-lasting walking the symptoms of fatigue do not occur, which, in conventional sitting, require support of the spine to relieve the strain after a relatively short time.
  • rhythmic walking process shows that the unstable equilibrium can be stabilized without great effort by shifting the center of gravity by means of compensatory movements in the lower pelvic and lumbar region. Due to the largely rigid fixation in the conventional way of sitting, this relieving movement is considerably restricted and "unnatural" movement patterns, incorrect postures and the resulting incorrect loads are forced. Painful tension in the shoulder, neck, lumbar, pelvic and hip region with damage to the muscles and ligaments that cause structural disorders,
  • the invention provides in a seat cushion of the type mentioned that the height of the chambers decreases from the back to the front. This results in an inclined surface as a tangential plane which forms an inclination angle of 20-30 ° with the horizontal plane when the seat cushion is filled to the maximum with an optimal design.
  • the length of the seat cushion should be more than twice the distance between the humps, but not exceed the maximum pelvic diameter when viewed from the front.
  • the width (z + v in FIG. 2) of the seat cushion should also not exceed this value in order to facilitate dorso-ventral tilting and sliding movements between the desired border areas. It follows from this that appropriately small seat cushions should be used in children.
  • the raised rear chamber favors the desired pelvic position.
  • the groove serves as a particularly suitable turning area, which, in contrast to the rigid seat surface, allows the pelvis to tilt, stand up and sideways, as well as the associated changes in position of the spine and center of gravity, without hindrance and without great effort.
  • the parallel displaceability can be increased by increasing the chambers and / or increasing the web useful for groove formation, which can additionally be interrupted vertically several times to increase the lateral displaceability.
  • the previously mentioned movement options can be used when using two superimposed, non-communicating, but coupled chamber systems of similar structure, i.e. in the simplest case with superimposition 'and coupling of two seat cushions according to the invention, the size ratios of which are adapted to the doubled total height with the same basic principles in their own configuration. In this context, the possibility of different filling of the two chamber systems also comes into play.
  • the load Due to the free movement in the pelvic and lumbar region around the rest starting position, the load can be permanently shifted as when walking upright, so that there is no permanent damage and the associated signs of fatigue, which generally require the back to be supported when sitting conventionally. Of course, there is no need to do without them if they also take a back seat due to the strengthening of the spinal and core muscles.
  • the continuous shifting of the load points which occurs through minimal movement impulses, promotes circulation and metabolism in the intervertebral disc tissue through the suction and pumping action that occurs and also counteracts degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs.
  • the movement play achievable with the seat cushion according to the invention is in view of the extent of the movement and the Easier to carry out movement impulses greater than when walking.
  • the associated greater instability of the equilibrium position when sitting brings further advantages.
  • counter impulses occur early to prevent tipping over, which restore the ideal starting position with little effort, thereby avoiding the long-term poor or unfavorable posture, as is the case with conventional sitting on a rigid seat surface, but also on the hitherto developed and common seat cushion is the rule.
  • An existing false statics or pathological curvature of the spine is consistently counteracted with a seat cushion of the type according to the invention. Large leverage with harmful compression and shear effects between the vertebrae are avoided, favorable movement patterns are permanently impressed.
  • the seat cushion according to the invention is able to make a significant contribution to the prevention and treatment of damage to the spine and joints as a result of recurrent incorrect loads and forced postures in the conventional sitting position, which favors unnatural and damaging movements, above all due to the rigid fixation of the pelvis.
  • not only the chamber height, but also the width of the chambers decreases from the back to the front, two or more chambers being arranged next to one another and forming the seat cushion.
  • the bevelling of the seat surface always leads the user to the desired ideal sitting position, in which the seat bumps are located in the notch between two adjacent chambers.
  • the version with two chambers with favorable torques and immediate redistribution of the air filling in both chambers with a shift in the center of gravity offers maximum freedom of movement in the desired sense.
  • the chambers are arranged in parallel next to each other.
  • Another alternative provides that the chambers are arranged around one another in a U-shape with the U opening facing forward and their diameter decreases towards the front. In the latter case, there is less room for maneuver in the lower pelvic region, and especially the movement impulses directed to the side experience centering towards the center.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that two or more individual seat cushions are arranged one above the other and connected to one another, which do not communicate with one another.
  • these individual cushions are constructed like the seat cushions, but are only arranged one above the other, the combination solution obeying the same principles sought, for which purpose corresponding modifications are also possible, particularly with regard to the overall height.
  • the seat cushion in a further embodiment, it is not to see the seat cushion as a loose and independent object, but rather as an integral part of a piece of seating furniture, to which it can be assigned as a loose cushion cover or can also be connected firmly, optionally releasably. However, this does not change the basic principle of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows the desired sitting position with the aid of the seat cushion 3 according to the invention resting on the seat 1 of a chair 2.
  • this seat cushion 3 consists of two chambers 4 u. 5, which communicate with each other and a valve for inflation with a in a known manner Gas, generally with air.
  • the different degree of filling of the two chambers 4 and 5 has an influence on the range of motion and pelvic position.
  • the two chambers 4 and 5 communicate with each other.
  • the rear chamber 4 has a length v and a maximum height w. This decreases to the front of the seat cushion 3, ie in the direction of the adjacent chamber 5 to the lower height x, which is slightly exceeded by the greatest height of the front chamber 5, the height of which decreases towards the front to the dimension y.
  • the height x is in the unloaded, fully inflated state of the seat cushion in the current version - as is generally the case - limited by the height of a web connecting the transverse groove on the top and bottom, which can have several vertical interruptions.
  • the length z of the front chamber 5 is less than the length v of the rear chamber 4, which is also higher.
  • the seating surface 6 forms, as it were, an inclined plane, which, however, has the transverse groove 7 separating the two chambers 4 and 5. Possibly.
  • the chambers 4 and 5 can also have one or more longitudinal grooves 8, which are indicated to a greater or lesser degree and which, since they are only alternative, are only indicated by dashed lines.
  • the chambers 4 and 5 in the cushion according to FIG. 3 have a generally U-shaped course with a forward-facing U-opening.
  • the outer chamber 4 is again higher towards the rear and towards the outside, and its height decreases steadily towards the front, ie towards the front or inner chamber 5.
  • the width v of the rear chamber 4 is larger than the width z of the front or inner chamber 5.
  • the chamber 4 is guided in an arc around the chamber 5, FIG.
  • the space 11 within the U-shaped chamber 5 can only be covered by a material web. However, it can also consist of a further chamber 12, which in turn is lower than the adjacent chamber 5. This is shown in FIG. 4. 9 denotes the web wall for dividing the individual chambers, while 14 openings are indicated, which enable communicating air exchange between the chambers. Instead of the web wall 9, the top layer and base layer of the cushion could of course also be directly connected to one another by a weld seam that does not extend over the entire width.

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  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
  • Chairs Characterized By Structure (AREA)

Abstract

Inflatable or inflated seat cushion intended as a training or helping device mainly for sitting upright without a back rest providing as in walking for extensive free play of movement especially in the region of the pelvis and the lumbar, which activates the erecting muscular system and avoids permanent stress. The seat cushion is made of flexible material of several adjacently-arranged communicating chambers which are divided by a groove, whereby the height of the chambers decreases from the back towards the front.

Description

Die Erfindung richtet sich auf ein aufblasbares bzw. aufgeblasenes Sitzkissen aus biegbarem Werkstoff mit mehreren (vornehmlich zwei) nebeneinander angeordneten und miteinander kommunizierenden Kammern.The invention is directed to an inflatable or inflated seat cushion made of flexible material with several (primarily two) chambers arranged next to one another and communicating with one another.

Diesem kommt die Aufgabe zu, als Trainings- und Hilfsmittel für insbesondere lehnenfreies aufrechtes Sitzen mit begünstigter physiologischer Lendenlordose zu dienen und wie beim aufrechten Gehen ein weitgehend freies Bewegungsspiel, vor allem in der Becken-Lenden-Region,zu ermöglichen, das infolge der verstärkten Labilität die aufrichtende Haltemuskulatur zur Stabilisierung des labilen Gleichgewichtes aktiviert, schädigende Dauerbelastungen durch die erleichterte Stellungsänderung jedoch vermeidet.This has the task of serving as training and aids for especially lean-free, upright sitting with a favored physiological lumbar lordosis and, as with walking upright, allowing a largely free movement, especially in the pelvic-lumbar region, due to the increased lability activates the upright musculature to stabilize the unstable equilibrium, but avoids damaging permanent loads due to the easier change of position.

Im Gegensatz zu den auch neueren Entwicklungen von Sitzgelegenheiten mit dynamischem Sitzkomfort, bei denen die passive Abstützung und Minderung der Belastung der Haltemuskulatur (mit deren zwangsläufiger Schwächung) im Vordergrund steht, kann mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Sitzkissen auf einfache und preiswerte Weise weitverbreiteten Haltungsschwächen und daraus resultierenden Haltungsschäden, die beim herkömmlichen Sitzen begünstigt werden, bereits während der Arbeit am Sitzplatz konsequent und effektiv entgegengewirkt werden.In contrast to the more recent developments of seating with dynamic seating comfort, in which the focus is on passive support and reduction of the load on the holding muscles (with their inevitable weakening), with the seat cushion according to the invention widespread postural weaknesses and resulting postural damage can be done in a simple and inexpensive manner that with conventional sitting be favored, be consistently and effectively counteracted while working at the seat.

Die Erfindung geht davon aus, daß aufblasbare Sitzkissen der verschiedensten Art und Gestaltung bereits bekannt sind, die allerdings ungeachtet der materialbedingten wulstigen Form ihrer Kammern im allgemeinen auf eine zur Unterlage parallele ebene Sitzfläche Wert legen. Es kommt bei diesen Sitzkissen vornehmlich auf eine Polsterung gegenüber einer harten Unterlage und eine schützende Abschirmung gegenüber feuchten und/ oder kalten Auflageflächen für das Sitzkissen an. Die Erfindung richtet sich hingegen auf die Ausbildung eines nach medizinischorthopädischen Gesichtspunkten gestalteten Sitzkissens zur Vorbeugung und Behandlung von Haltungsschwächen und Haltungsschäden, wobei wesentliche neuerkannte Zusammenhänge, die in den einschlägigen wissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen bisher unbeachtet blieben, Berücksichtigung finden. Ausgangspunkt der Überlegungen ist die Tatsache, daß nach langanhaltendem Gehen nicht die Ermüdungserscheinungen auftreten, die beim herkömmlichen Sitzen schon nach relativ kurzer Zeit eine Abstützung der Wirbelsäule zur Entlastung erforderlich machen. Bei der Analyse des rhythmisch ablaufenden Gehvorgangs zeigt sich, daß die Stabilisierung der labilen Gleichgewichtslage ohne großen Kraftaufwand durch die Verschiebung des Schwerpunkts mittels Ausgleichsbewegungen in der unteren Becken- und Lendenregion erreicht wird. Durch die weitgehend starre Fixierung bei der herkömmlichen Art zu sitzen wird dieses entlastende Bewegungsspiel erheblich eingeschränkt und "unnatürliche" Bewegungsmuster, Fehlhaltungen und daraus resultierende Fehlbelastungen erzwungen. Schmerzhafte Verspannungen in der Schulter-Nacken-, Lenden-, Becken- und Hüftregion mit Schäden am Muskel- und Bandapparat, die Gefügestörungen nach sich ziehen,The invention is based on the fact that inflatable seat cushions of various types and designs are already known, but which, regardless of the material-related beaded shape of their chambers, generally place value on a flat seating surface parallel to the base. With these seat cushions, the most important thing is padding against a hard surface and protective shielding against damp and / or cold contact surfaces for the seat cushion. The invention, however, is directed to the formation of a seat cushion designed according to medical orthopedic aspects for the prevention and treatment of poor posture and postural damage, taking into account essential newly-recognized relationships that have so far been neglected in the relevant scientific studies. The starting point of the considerations is the fact that after long-lasting walking the symptoms of fatigue do not occur, which, in conventional sitting, require support of the spine to relieve the strain after a relatively short time. The analysis of the rhythmic walking process shows that the unstable equilibrium can be stabilized without great effort by shifting the center of gravity by means of compensatory movements in the lower pelvic and lumbar region. Due to the largely rigid fixation in the conventional way of sitting, this relieving movement is considerably restricted and "unnatural" movement patterns, incorrect postures and the resulting incorrect loads are forced. Painful tension in the shoulder, neck, lumbar, pelvic and hip region with damage to the muscles and ligaments that cause structural disorders,

stellen sich frühzeitig ein; Wirbelsäulen- und Gelenkschäden werden auf lange Sicht begünstigt.adjust early; Spine and joint damage are favored in the long run.

Mit der Zielsetzung, diese schädlichen Auswirkungen des herkömmlichen Sitzens weitgehend auszuschalten, wird ein spezielles aufblasbares Sitzkissen entwickelt, bei dem vornehmlich die freien Bewegungsabläufe in der unteren Becken- und Lendenregion gefördert werden, die während des Gehens zur Stabilisierung der labilen Gleichgewichtslage bestimmend sind. Um dies zu erreichen, ist es neben der Gestaltung der Sitzgelegenheit in sehr beweglicher Form (labiles Luftkissen) erforderlich, das Becken in die richtige Position als Ruheausgangsstellung zu bringen. Die dabei eingenommene Stellung begünstigt die natürliche aufrechte Haltung der Wirbelsäule, die sich u.a. durch eine leichte Krümmung der Lendenwirbelsäule nach vorne (physiologische Lendenlordose) auszeichnet. Erst mit Einnahme dieser gesunden Sitzhaltung kann die Atmung unbehindert ablaufen, woraus eine verbesserte Zwerchfellfunktion mit freier Entfaltung der Rippen- und Lungenpartien resultiert.With the aim of largely eliminating the harmful effects of conventional sitting, a special inflatable seat cushion is being developed, which primarily promotes the free movements in the lower pelvic and lumbar region, which are decisive for stabilizing the unstable balance while walking. In order to achieve this, in addition to the design of the seating in a very flexible form (unstable air cushion), it is necessary to bring the pelvis into the correct position as the starting position. The position assumed favors the natural upright posture of the spine, which among other things. characterized by a slight curvature of the lumbar spine to the front (physiological lumbar lordosis). Only with this healthy sitting posture can breathing proceed unhindered, which results in improved diaphragm function with free development of the ribs and lungs.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung bei einem Sitzkissen der eingangs bezeichneten Art vor, daß die Höhe der Kammern von hinten nach vorn abnimmt. Es ergibt sich auf diese Weise eine Schrägfläche als Tangentialebene, die bei maximal gefülltem Sitzkissen mit der Horizontalebene bei optimaler Ausgestaltung einen Neigungswinkel von 20 - 30° bildet. Die Länge des Sitzkissens sollte mehr als den doppelten Sitzhöckerabstand betragen, jedoch den maximalen Beckendurchmesser bei Frontalansicht nicht überschreiten. Die Breite (z + v in Fig. 2) des Sitzkissens sollte zur Erleichterung von dorso-ventralen Kipp- und Verschiebebewegungen zwischen den angestrebten Grenzbereichen diesen Wert ebenfalls nicht überschreiten. Daraus ergibt sich, daß bei Kindern entsprechend kleine S-itzkissen verwandt werden sollten.To achieve this object, the invention provides in a seat cushion of the type mentioned that the height of the chambers decreases from the back to the front. This results in an inclined surface as a tangential plane which forms an inclination angle of 20-30 ° with the horizontal plane when the seat cushion is filled to the maximum with an optimal design. The length of the seat cushion should be more than twice the distance between the humps, but not exceed the maximum pelvic diameter when viewed from the front. The width (z + v in FIG. 2) of the seat cushion should also not exceed this value in order to facilitate dorso-ventral tilting and sliding movements between the desired border areas. It follows from this that appropriately small seat cushions should be used in children.

Die Unterteilung in zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Kammern - hierbei handelt es sich um die einfachste und besonders zweckmäßige Lösung - mit entsprechender Nut zwischen diesen Kammern veranlaßt den Benutzer des Kissens zunächst, sich so zu setzen, daß die Sitzhöcker der Beckenknochen ihren Platz in dem Bereich der Nut zwischen den beiden benachbarten Kammern finden. Die erhöhte hintere Kammer begünstigt die angestrebte Beckenstellung. Neben ihrer Aufgabe als Führungslinie für die Sitzhöcker dient die Nut als besonders geeignetes Drehareal, das in dieser Ausgestaltung im Gegensatz zur starren Sitzfläche Kipp-, Aufricht- und Seitneigungen des Beckens sowie damit verbundene Stellungsveränderungen der Wirbelsäule und Schwerpunktverlagerungen unbehindert und ohne großen Kraftaufwand erlaubt . Durch die Verformbarkeit des Sitzkissens, die auch vom Füllungsgrad abhängig ist, sind begrenzt Parallelverschiebungen der Sitzfläche gegen die Auflageflache in allen Richtungen möglich, wodurch sich der Bewegungsspielraum noch vergrößert. Die Parallelverschiebbarkeit läßt sich durch eine Erhöhung der Kammern und/oder Erhöhung des zur Nutbildung sinnvollen Steges vergrößern, der zur Verstärkung der Lateralverschiebarkeit zusätzlich mehrfach senkrecht unterbrochen werden kann. Die vorher aufgeführten Bewegungsmöglichkeiten lassen sich bei Verwendung von zwei übereinanderliegenden, nicht miteinander kommunizierenden, jedoch miteinander gekoppelten Kammersystemen ähnlicher Strukturierung, dzh. im einfachsten Falle bei Übereinanderlagerung' und Kopplung zweier erfindungsgemäßer Sitzkissen, deren Größenverhältnisse in einer eigenen Ausgestaltung der verdoppelten Gesamthöhe bei gleichen Grundprinzipien angepaßt werden, noch erweitern. In diesem Zusammenhang kommt auch der Möglichkeit der unterschiedlichen 'üllung beider Kammersysteme Bedeutung bei.The division into two adjacent chambers - this is the simplest and particularly practical solution - with a corresponding groove between these chambers initially prompts the user of the cushion to sit down in such a way that the seat bones of the pelvic bones take their place in the area of the groove between the two neighboring chambers. The raised rear chamber favors the desired pelvic position. In addition to its function as a guideline for the seat bumps, the groove serves as a particularly suitable turning area, which, in contrast to the rigid seat surface, allows the pelvis to tilt, stand up and sideways, as well as the associated changes in position of the spine and center of gravity, without hindrance and without great effort. Due to the deformability of the seat cushion, which also depends on the degree of filling, limited parallel displacements of the seat surface against the support surface are possible in all directions, which increases the freedom of movement. The parallel displaceability can be increased by increasing the chambers and / or increasing the web useful for groove formation, which can additionally be interrupted vertically several times to increase the lateral displaceability. The previously mentioned movement options can be used when using two superimposed, non-communicating, but coupled chamber systems of similar structure, i.e. in the simplest case with superimposition 'and coupling of two seat cushions according to the invention, the size ratios of which are adapted to the doubled total height with the same basic principles in their own configuration. In this context, the possibility of different filling of the two chamber systems also comes into play.

Durch das freie Bewegungsspiel in der Becken- und Lenden- region um die Ruheausgangsstellung läßt sich die Belastung wie beim aufrechten Gehen permanent verschieben, so daß schädigende Dauerbelastungen und damit verbundene Ermüdungserscheinungen unterbleiben, die beim herkömmlichen Sitzen im allgemeinen eine Abstützung der Rückenpartien erforderlich machen. Auf sie braucht selbstverständlich nicht verzichtet zu werden, wenn sie auch durch die damit verbundene Ertüchtigung der Wirbelsäulen- bzw. Rumpfmuskulatur in den Hintergrund tritt. Die kontinuierliche Verschiebung der Belastungspunkte, die durch minimale Bewegungsimpulse erfolgt, fördert durch die dabei auftretende Saug- und Pumpwirkung Zirkulation und Stoffwechsel im Bandscheibengewebe und wirkt auch damit degenerativen Bandscheibenveränderungen entgegen.Due to the free movement in the pelvic and lumbar region around the rest starting position, the load can be permanently shifted as when walking upright, so that there is no permanent damage and the associated signs of fatigue, which generally require the back to be supported when sitting conventionally. Of course, there is no need to do without them if they also take a back seat due to the strengthening of the spinal and core muscles. The continuous shifting of the load points, which occurs through minimal movement impulses, promotes circulation and metabolism in the intervertebral disc tissue through the suction and pumping action that occurs and also counteracts degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs.

Das mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Sitzkissen erzielbare Bewegungsspiel ist im Hinblick auf das Ausmaß der Bewegung und die Leichtigkeit der Durchführung von Bewegungsimpulsen größer als im Gehen. Die damit verbundene größere Labilität der Gleichgewichtslage im Sitzen bringt weitere Vorteile mit sich. Bereits beim geringfügigen Verlassen der labiren Gleichgewichtsstellung erfolgen zur Verhinderung des Umkippens frühzeitig Gegenimpulse, die unter geringem Kraftaufwand die ideale Ausgangslage wieder herstellen, womit die langdauernde Einnahme einer schlechten bzw. ungünstigen Haltung vermieden wird, wie sie beim herkömmlichen Sitzen auf starrer Sitzfläche, aber auch auf den bisher entwickelten und gebräuchlichen Sitzkissen die Regel ist. Einer bestehenden Fehlstatik bzw. krankhaften Verkrümmung der Wirbelsäule wird mit einem Sitzkissen der erfindungsgemäßen Art konsequent entgegengewirkt. Große Hebelkräfte mit schädlichen Stauch- und Scherwirkungen zwischen den Wirbel körpern werden vermieden, günstige Bewegungsmuster dauerhaft eingeprägt. Haltungsschwächen werden durch das beständige Training der gesamten Haltemuskulatur im Becken-Wirbelsäulenbereich unter Einbeziehung der Bauchmuskulatur während der Beschäftigung im Sitzen allmählich abgebaut. Von Wert ist dabei, daß ganze Bewegungsketten gleichzeitig aktiviert werden. Leichtere Gefügestörungen der Wirbelsäule und eventuell damit verbundene Funktionsstörungen im Brust- und Bauchraum lassen sich durch wiederholte Deblockierungsimpulse, die die Wirbelsäule ganzheitlich erfassen, verringern, ggf. gänzlich beseitigen.The movement play achievable with the seat cushion according to the invention is in view of the extent of the movement and the Easier to carry out movement impulses greater than when walking. The associated greater instability of the equilibrium position when sitting brings further advantages. Already when leaving the labile equilibrium position slightly, counter impulses occur early to prevent tipping over, which restore the ideal starting position with little effort, thereby avoiding the long-term poor or unfavorable posture, as is the case with conventional sitting on a rigid seat surface, but also on the hitherto developed and common seat cushion is the rule. An existing false statics or pathological curvature of the spine is consistently counteracted with a seat cushion of the type according to the invention. Large leverage with harmful compression and shear effects between the vertebrae are avoided, favorable movement patterns are permanently impressed. Postural weaknesses are gradually reduced through the constant training of the entire holding muscles in the pelvic spine area, including the abdominal muscles, while sitting while working. It is of value that entire chains of movements are activated at the same time. Minor structural disorders of the spine and any associated functional disorders in the chest and abdomen can be reduced, if necessary completely eliminated, by repeated deblocking impulses that cover the spine holistically.

Schmerzhafte Spannungszustände im Hüft-, Becken-, Lenden-, Schulter- und Nackenbereich werden mit hoher Effektivität durch feine und belastungsarme Bewegungs- und Lockerungsimpulse selbsttätig gelöst. Somit vermag das erfindungsgemäße Sitzkissen einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Verhütung und Behandlung von Schäden an Wirbelsäule und Gelenken als Folge immer wiederkehrender Fehlbelastungen und Zwangshaltungen in der herkömmlichen Sitzposition, die vor allem durch die starre Fixierung des Beckens unnatürliche und schädigende Bewegungsabläufe begünstigt, zu leisten.Painful tension in the hip, pelvic, lumbar, shoulder and neck areas is automatically and effectively resolved through fine and low-stress movement and relaxation impulses. Thus, the seat cushion according to the invention is able to make a significant contribution to the prevention and treatment of damage to the spine and joints as a result of recurrent incorrect loads and forced postures in the conventional sitting position, which favors unnatural and damaging movements, above all due to the rigid fixation of the pelvis.

Mit den bisher gebräuchlichen und nicht zum Zwecke einer Haltungsverbesserung und Verhütung von Wirbelsäulenschäden entwickelten Sitzkissen lassen sich derartig günstige Wirkungen nicht erzielen. Durch die auch bei ihrer Verwendung gegebene Neigung zu Fehlhaltungen werden Verspannungen und falsche Bewegungsabläufe ausgelöst, die aufgrund der vermehrten Beweglichkeit Gefügestörungen der Wirbelsäule unter Umständen verstärkt nach sich ziehen können. Erst ein an die gesunde Haltung und natürlichen Bewegungsabläufe angepaßtes Sitzkissen schafft die Voraussetzungen zur Verhütung und Behandlung fehlhaltungsbedingter Wirbelsäulenschäden während des Sitzens.Such favorable effects cannot be achieved with the seat cushions which have been used up to now and which have not been developed for the purpose of improving posture and preventing spinal damage. The tendency towards incorrect posture, which is also present when they are used, triggers tension and incorrect movement sequences, which, due to the increased mobility, can lead to increased structural disorders of the spine. Only a seat cushion adapted to the healthy posture and natural movements creates the prerequisites for the prevention and treatment of spine damage caused by incorrect posture while sitting.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nimmt nicht nur die Kammerhöhe, sondern auch die Breite der Kammern von hinten nach vorn ab, wobei zwei oder mehrere Kammern nebeneinander angeordnet sind und das Sitzkissen bilden. Die Abschrägung der Sitzfläche führt den Benutzer stets in die gewünschte ideale Sitzposition, in welcher sich die Sitzhöcker in der Einkerbung zwischen zwei benachbarten Kammern befinden. Auch hier bietet die Version mit zwei Kammern mit günstigen Drehmomenten und unmittelbarer Umverteilung der Luftfüllung in beiden Kammern bei Schwerpunktverlagerungen ein Höchstmaß an Bewegungsfreiheit im angestrebten Sinne.In a further embodiment of the invention, not only the chamber height, but also the width of the chambers decreases from the back to the front, two or more chambers being arranged next to one another and forming the seat cushion. The bevelling of the seat surface always leads the user to the desired ideal sitting position, in which the seat bumps are located in the notch between two adjacent chambers. Here, too, the version with two chambers with favorable torques and immediate redistribution of the air filling in both chambers with a shift in the center of gravity offers maximum freedom of movement in the desired sense.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, die Anordnung so zu treffen, daß die Kammern parallel nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Eine andere Alternative sieht vor, daß die Kammern mit nach vorn weisender U-Öffnung U-förmig umeinander angeordnet sind und ihr Durchmesser nach vorn abnimmt. In dem letzteren Fall ist der Bewegungsspielraum der unteren Beckenregion geringer, und vor allem die zur Seite gerichteten Bewegungsimpulse erfahren eine Zentrierung zur Mitte hin.It is within the scope of the invention to make the arrangement so that the chambers are arranged in parallel next to each other. Another alternative provides that the chambers are arranged around one another in a U-shape with the U opening facing forward and their diameter decreases towards the front. In the latter case, there is less room for maneuver in the lower pelvic region, and especially the movement impulses directed to the side experience centering towards the center.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß zwei oder mehrere Einzelsitzkissen übereinander angeordnet und miteinander verbunden sind, die nicht miteinander kommunizieren. Diese Einzelkissen sind im Prinzip wie die Sitzkissen aufgebaut, werden lediglich übereinander angeordnet, wobei die Kombinationslösung den gleichen angestrebten Prinzipien gehorcht, wozu auch entsprechende Umgestaltungen vor allem im Hinblick auf die Gesamthöhe möglich sind.Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that two or more individual seat cushions are arranged one above the other and connected to one another, which do not communicate with one another. In principle, these individual cushions are constructed like the seat cushions, but are only arranged one above the other, the combination solution obeying the same principles sought, for which purpose corresponding modifications are also possible, particularly with regard to the overall height.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung liegt es, das Sitzkissen nicht als loses und selbständiges Objekt zu sehen, sondern als integrierenden Bestandteil eines Sitzmöbels, dem es als lose Polsterauflage zugeordnet oder auch fest, ggf. lösbar verbunden sein kann. Im Grundprinzip der Erfindung ändert sich aber dadurch nichts. In a further embodiment of the invention, it is not to see the seat cushion as a loose and independent object, but rather as an integral part of a piece of seating furniture, to which it can be assigned as a loose cushion cover or can also be connected firmly, optionally releasably. However, this does not change the basic principle of the invention.

Weitere Merkmale, Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung einiger bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sowie anhand der Zeichnung. Hierbei zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in vereinfachter Darstellung die angestrebte Sitzposition;
  • Fig. 2 eine erste Ausführungsform in perspektivischer Darstellung;
  • Fig. 3 eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform in Draufsicht und
  • Fig. 4 im Schnitt nach Linie IV - IV in Fig. 3.
Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of some preferred embodiments of the invention and from the drawing. Here show:
  • 1 shows a simplified representation of the desired sitting position;
  • Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment in perspective;
  • Fig. 3 shows a modified embodiment in plan view and
  • 4 in section along line IV - IV in Fig. 3rd

Die Fig. 1 zeigt die gewünschte Sitzposition unter Zuhilfenahme des auf der Sitzfläche 1 eines Stuhls 2 aufliegenden erfindungsgemäßen Sitzkissens 3.1 shows the desired sitting position with the aid of the seat cushion 3 according to the invention resting on the seat 1 of a chair 2.

Dieses Sitzkissen 3 besteht bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 aus zwei Kammern 4 u. 5, die miteinander kommunizieren und in bekannter Weise ein Ventil zum Aufblasen mit einem Gas, im allgemeinen mit Luft aufweisen. Der unterschiedliche Füllungsgrad der beiden Kammern 4 und 5 hat Einfluß auf Bewegungsspielraum und Beckenstellung. Die beiden Kammern 4 und 5 kommunizieren miteinander. Die hintere Kammer 4 weist eine Länge v und eine maximale Höhe w auf. Diese vermindert sich zur Vorderseite des Sitzkissens 3, d.h. in Richtung der angrenzenden Kammer 5 auf die geringere Höhe x, die geringfügig von der größten Höhe der vorderen Kammer 5 übertroffen wird, deren Höhe nach vorn etwa auf das Maß y abnimmt. Die Höhe x wird in unbelastetem, voll aufgeblasenem Zustand des Sitzkissens in der gängigen Ausführung - wie allgemein üblich - durch die Höhe eines die Quernut an der Ober- und Unterseite verbindenden Steges begrenzt, der mehrere senkrechte Unterbrechungen aufweisen kann. Die Länge z der vorderen Kammer 5 ist geringer als die Länge v der hinteren, auch höheren Kammer 4. Die Sitzfläche 6 bildet gewissermaßen eine schiefe Ebene, die allerdings die die beiden Kammern 4 und 5 trennende Quernut 7 aufweist. Ggf. können die Kammern 4 und 5 auch eine oder mehrere mehr oder weniger stark angedeutete Längsnuten 8 aufweisen, die, da sie lediglich alternativ, auch nur gestrichelt angedeutet sind.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, this seat cushion 3 consists of two chambers 4 u. 5, which communicate with each other and a valve for inflation with a in a known manner Gas, generally with air. The different degree of filling of the two chambers 4 and 5 has an influence on the range of motion and pelvic position. The two chambers 4 and 5 communicate with each other. The rear chamber 4 has a length v and a maximum height w. This decreases to the front of the seat cushion 3, ie in the direction of the adjacent chamber 5 to the lower height x, which is slightly exceeded by the greatest height of the front chamber 5, the height of which decreases towards the front to the dimension y. The height x is in the unloaded, fully inflated state of the seat cushion in the current version - as is generally the case - limited by the height of a web connecting the transverse groove on the top and bottom, which can have several vertical interruptions. The length z of the front chamber 5 is less than the length v of the rear chamber 4, which is also higher. The seating surface 6 forms, as it were, an inclined plane, which, however, has the transverse groove 7 separating the two chambers 4 and 5. Possibly. The chambers 4 and 5 can also have one or more longitudinal grooves 8, which are indicated to a greater or lesser degree and which, since they are only alternative, are only indicated by dashed lines.

Während bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 die beiden Kammern 4 und 5 parallel nebeneinander verlaufen, nehmen die Kammern 4 und 5 bei dem Kissen nach Fig. 3 einen im allgemeinen U-förmigen Verlauf mit nach vorn weisender U-öffnung. Die äußere Kammer 4 ist wiederum nach hinten und außen höher, und ihre Höhe nimmt nach vorn, d.h. zur vorderen bzw. inneren Kammer 5 hin stetig ab. Gleiches gilt für die Kammer 5. Außerdem ist die Breite v der hinteren Kammer 4 größer als die Breite z der vorderen bzw. inneren Kammer 5. Die Kammer 4 ist bogenförmig um die Kammer 5 herumgeführt, wobei die Fig. 3 erkennen läßt,While the two chambers 4 and 5 run parallel next to each other in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the chambers 4 and 5 in the cushion according to FIG. 3 have a generally U-shaped course with a forward-facing U-opening. The outer chamber 4 is again higher towards the rear and towards the outside, and its height decreases steadily towards the front, ie towards the front or inner chamber 5. The same applies to the chamber 5. In addition, the width v of the rear chamber 4 is larger than the width z of the front or inner chamber 5. The chamber 4 is guided in an arc around the chamber 5, FIG.

daß auch hier der Unterschied der Breiten v bzw. z der Kammern 4 und 5 bis zum vorderen Ende an der Vorderkante 10 des Sitzkissens 3 bemerkenswert ist. Der Raum 11 innerhalb der U-förmig angelegten Kammer 5 kann lediglich durch eine Werkstoffbahn verkleidet sein. Er kann jedoch auch aus einer weiteren Kammer 12 bestehen, die wiederum niedriger ist als die angrenzende Kammer 5. Dies ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt. 9 bezeichnet die Stegwand zur Unterteilung der einzelnen Kammern, während bei 14 Öffnungen angedeutet sind, die den kommunizierenden Luftaustausch zwischen den Kammern ermöglichen. Anstelle der Stegwand 9 könnten selbstverständlich die Oberlage und Unterlage des Kissens auch unmittelbar durch eine sich nicht über die gesamte Breite erstreckende Schweißnaht miteinander verbunden sein.that here too the difference in the widths v and z of the chambers 4 and 5 up to the front end on the front edge 10 of the seat cushion 3 is remarkable. The space 11 within the U-shaped chamber 5 can only be covered by a material web. However, it can also consist of a further chamber 12, which in turn is lower than the adjacent chamber 5. This is shown in FIG. 4. 9 denotes the web wall for dividing the individual chambers, while 14 openings are indicated, which enable communicating air exchange between the chambers. Instead of the web wall 9, the top layer and base layer of the cushion could of course also be directly connected to one another by a weld seam that does not extend over the entire width.

Claims (10)

1. Aufblasbares bzw. aufgeblasenes Sitzkissen - als Trainings- bzw. Hilfsmittel für vornehmlich lehnenfreies aufrechtes Sitzen mit wie beim aufrechten Gehen weitgehend freiem, die aufrichtende Muskulatur aktivierendem und Dauerbelastungen vermeidendem Bewegungsspiel vor allem in der Becken-Lenden-Region - aus biegbarem Werkstoff mit mehreren nebeneinander angeordneten, durch Nut unterteilten und miteinander kommunizierenden Kammern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Höhe der Kammern (4, 5) von hinten nach vorn abnimmt.1.Inflatable or inflated seat cushion - as a training or aid for primarily lean-free upright sitting with largely free movement as when walking upright, which activates the straightening muscles and avoids permanent stress, especially in the pelvic-lumbar region - made of flexible material with several chambers arranged next to one another, subdivided by a groove and communicating with one another, characterized in that the height of the chambers (4, 5) decreases from the rear to the front. 2. Sitzkissen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Neigungswinkel der Tangentialebene an die Sitzkissenoberseite im maximal gefüllten Zustand mit der Horizontalebene einen Winkel von 20 - 30° bildet.2. Seat cushion according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the tangential plane to the top of the seat cushion in the maximum filled state forms an angle of 20-30 ° with the horizontal plane. 3. Sitzkissen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Breite der Kammern (4, 5) von hinten nach vorn abnimmt.3. Seat cushion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the width of the chambers (4, 5) decreases from the back to the front. 4. Sitzkissen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kammern (4, 5) parallel nebeneinander angeordnet sind.4. Seat cushion according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the chambers (4, 5) are arranged parallel to one another. 5. Sitzkissen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kammern (4, 5) mit nach vorn weisender U-Öffnung U-förmig umeinander angeordnet sind.5. Seat cushion according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the chambers (4, 5) with a forward-facing U-opening are arranged in a U-shape around one another. 6. Sitzkissen nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Breite der Kammern (4, 5) von außen nach innen abnimmt.6. Seat cushion according to claim 5, characterized in that the width of the chambers (4, 5) decreases from the outside inwards. 7. Sitzkissen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dessen Länge und Breite den maximalen Beckendurchmesser bei Frontalansicht nicht wesentlich überschreitet.7. Seat cushion according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that its length and width do not substantially exceed the maximum pelvic diameter in a frontal view. 8. Sitzkissen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei oder mehrere Einzelsitzkissen übereinander angeordnet und miteinander verbunden sind, die nicht miteinander kommunizieren.8. Seat cushion according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that two or more individual seat cushions are arranged one above the other and connected to one another, which do not communicate with one another. 9. Sitzkissen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein die Quernuten verbindender Steg mehrfach senkrechte Unterbrechungen aufweist.9. Seat cushion according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a web connecting the transverse grooves has multiple vertical interruptions. 10. Sitzkissen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es als loser oder arretierbarer Teil eines Sitzmöbels dient.10. Seat cushion according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it serves as a loose or lockable part of a piece of seating.
EP84114945A 1983-12-14 1984-12-07 Inflatable or inflated seat cushion Expired EP0146092B1 (en)

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AT84114945T ATE44215T1 (en) 1983-12-14 1984-12-07 INFLATABLE RESP. INFLATED SEAT CUSHION.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3345291 1983-12-14
DE19833345291 DE3345291A1 (en) 1983-12-14 1983-12-14 INFLATABLE SEAT CUSHION

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EP0146092A2 true EP0146092A2 (en) 1985-06-26
EP0146092A3 EP0146092A3 (en) 1986-10-08
EP0146092B1 EP0146092B1 (en) 1989-06-28

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JP (1) JPS60145110A (en)
AT (1) ATE44215T1 (en)
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US3680917A (en) * 1970-05-18 1972-08-01 Carl Robert Harris Inflatable back and head floor rest
US3652126A (en) * 1970-08-31 1972-03-28 Universal Oil Prod Co Pneumatic adjustment system for seat back panel
JPS487315U (en) * 1971-06-05 1973-01-26
JPS4843811U (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-06-07
US4059909A (en) * 1972-02-09 1977-11-29 The Singer Company Neural receptor augmented G seat system
JPS4925717U (en) * 1972-06-03 1974-03-05
DE2348124C3 (en) * 1973-09-25 1978-06-15 Gerard Kingersheim Burgin (Frankreich) Seat and / or backrest cushions for a chair or armchair

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1726939A (en) * 1927-03-14 1929-09-03 New York Rubber Corp Pneumatic cushion
US1673636A (en) * 1928-01-24 1928-06-12 Perry George Hough Cushion for seats and the like
US4370769A (en) * 1980-09-19 1983-02-01 Herzig Ralph B Cushion utilizing air and liquid

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2191690B (en) * 1985-07-16 1989-07-12 Okamoto Ind Inc Vehicle seat assemblies
FR2609702A1 (en) * 1987-01-20 1988-07-22 Kogan Henry Cushion for a work seat, and seat applying the same
GB2256794A (en) * 1991-06-19 1992-12-23 Thomas Matthews Airline passenger support cushion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0146092A3 (en) 1986-10-08
DE3345291A1 (en) 1985-06-20
ATE44215T1 (en) 1989-07-15
EP0146092B1 (en) 1989-06-28
JPS60145110A (en) 1985-07-31
JPH0510085B2 (en) 1993-02-08
DE3478785D1 (en) 1989-08-03
US4592589A (en) 1986-06-03
DE3345291C2 (en) 1987-04-16

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