EP0144314A1 - Moteur thermique - Google Patents

Moteur thermique

Info

Publication number
EP0144314A1
EP0144314A1 EP19830902056 EP83902056A EP0144314A1 EP 0144314 A1 EP0144314 A1 EP 0144314A1 EP 19830902056 EP19830902056 EP 19830902056 EP 83902056 A EP83902056 A EP 83902056A EP 0144314 A1 EP0144314 A1 EP 0144314A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
refrigerant
compressor
fluid motor
engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19830902056
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Henry E. Jepsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0144314A1 publication Critical patent/EP0144314A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy

Definitions

  • the invention involves two refrigerant cycles which are used in ambient heat-activated refrigeration systems and in engines which use ambient heat for their energy input.
  • Refrigeration systems absorb ambient heat in the area of their evaporator and they release heat in the area of their condenser.
  • Heat-activated refrigeration systems differ from vapor-compression refrigeration systems in that their com ⁇ pressors are driven by refrigerant turbines, or the like. To activate the turbine, the refrigerant absorbs thermal energy wholly or partially from an external source. Prior art recognizes that excess energy to the compressor could be used at a power take-off shaft.
  • the invention consists of a heat-activated refrigera ⁇ tion system with an improved method of heat energy conversion.
  • the method incorporates a regenerative refrigerant cycle and a heat exchanger in the system so as to retain most of the system's working fluid in its superheated gaseous state. Otherwise, thermal energy would be wasted by allowing all of the refrigerant to condense from a vapor into a liquid in the condenser.
  • the heat pump subsystem absorbs ambient heat energy at the evaporator. This is used to compensate for thermal energy losses in the regenerative refrigerant cycle as thermal energy is converted into shaft-work.
  • the invention can serve either as an ambient heat- activated refrigeration system, or as a heat engine, depending upon the sizing of its components. It will hereafter be disclosed in its heat engine context.
  • the engine is started by shutting off the by-pass valve between the high-pressure side and the low-pressure side of the system. Then the starter compressor motor is started up, so as to develop a pressure difference within the system. Forces acting within the fluid motor are then converted into shaft-work. The engine is stopped by opening the by-pass valve so as to equalize pressures throughout the engine.
  • a capacity control valve in the compressor adjusts the engine speed by varying the amount of fluid which flows through the positive displacement fluid motor.
  • the engine In very cold weather the engine is energized by routing thermal energy to the evaporator from an auxiliary heat source.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the heat- activated refrigeration system showing the inven ⁇ tion in a heat engine.
  • Fig. 2 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram for a Freon refrigerant, showing the system's heat pump cycle.
  • Fig. 3 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram for a
  • Freon refrigerant showing the system:'s regenera ⁇ tive cycle.
  • the heat engine includes a fluid compressor 11 with an inlet line 12 and a discharge line 13.
  • Discharge line 13 branches into lines 14a and 14b.
  • Line 14a couples to fluid motor 18.
  • Line 14b couples through a restrictor 16 to heat exchanger inlet line 15.
  • Fluid flow through motor 18 causes the rotation of shafts 19a and 19b.
  • Compressor 11 is driven by shaft 19a while work is coup- led from power take-off shaft 19b, which can extend from either motor 18 o ⁇ compressor 11.
  • the outlet port of motor 18 couples to the compressor inlet port through lines 20a and 12.
  • Capacity control yalve 11a in compressor 11 is used to adjust the engine shaft speed.
  • Liquid refrigerant evaporates and absorbs thermal energy when it flows through evaporator 25. Then the flow is mixed in lines 20a and 12 with superheated refrigerant re ⁇ turning from fluid motor 18. Heat exchanger 26 also trans ⁇ fers thermal energy from heat exchanger inlet 15 to refrig ⁇ erant in compressor inlet 20a. These heat transfers com ⁇ pensate for thermal energy losses and maintain the system in thermal equilibrium. Refrigerant vapor dissipates thermal energy when it flows through condenser 22. It cools down to its liquid state and is held in liquid receiver 23 until re ⁇ quired. Then the refrigerant passes through dryer 24 so that any moisture is removed from it. Thermostatic expansion valve 27 regulates the amount of refrigerant flow through evapora ⁇ tor 25 to meet changing load conditions. Arrowheads show the direction of refrigerant flow in lines 31, 32, 33, 34 and 35.
  • the heat engine stops when by-pass valve 46 is open- ed and system pressures are equalized. To re-start the en ⁇ gine, by-pass valve 46 is closed, shutting off high-pressure line 45 from low-pressure line 47. Then starter motor 41b drives starter compressor 41 until the pressure differential is reached and check valve 44 closes. Only the heat engine version of the invention has power take-off shaft 19b.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 show pressure-enthalpy diagrams for the two refrigerant cycles.
  • Refrigerants like R-13B1 are marketed by the Du Pont Company under the tradename of FREON.
  • the term "Freon” will be used for the working fluid in the heat-activated refrigeration system and the heat engine.
  • Fig. 2 shows changes taking place in the Freon during the heat pump cycle by means of a pressure-enthalpy diagram.
  • the Freon expands when it passes through expansion valve 27, as line 102 indicates.
  • Line 103 indicates that heat is absorbed by Freon to state-point 104 at compressor inlet line 12.
  • the heat of compression is added to the Freon along line 105 until it reaches state-point 106 at the compressor discharge.
  • Com ⁇ pressor discharge line 13 branches so that some Freon goes to drive fluid motor 18 and the rest returns to the heat pump cycle. Some of the Freon*s heat is converted to shaft-work as it passes through fluid motor 18. Freon going to the heat pump cycle passes through heat exchanger 26 which transfers some of its heat to the regenerative cycle before it liqui- fies in condenser 22 to state-point 101.
  • Fig. 3 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram for Freon in the regenerative refrigerant cycle. Thermal energy from the heat exchanger and the heat pump make up for thermal energy converted to shaft-work so that Freon expands from state- point 108a to state-point 108b along line 109. Expansion occurs in compressor inlet lines 20a and 12, while compressor discharge flows through lines 13, 14a and 14b.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

Ce système de réfrigération actionné par la chaleur prévoit le couplage d'une pompe de chaleur (21) à un moteur à fluide rotatif (18) et un organe de démarrage (41b). Le cycle de la pompe de chaleur maintient le système en équilibre thermique en remplaçant l'énergie dissipée par un cycle de réfrigérant de régénération. Un arbre (19a) provenant du moteur à fluide rotatif (18) entraîne le compresseur (11). La conduite de décharge (13) du compresseur (11) présente des embranchements de sorte qu'une conduite (14a) est couplée au moteur à fluide rotatif (18) pour son entraînement, tandis que l'autre conduite (14b) fait circuler le réfrigérant jusqu'à une pompe de chaleur (21). L'écoulement de retour provenant du moteur à fluide (18) et l'écoulement de retour provenant de la pompe de chaleur (21) convergent au niveau de la conduite d'aspiration du compresseur (12). Le système peut fonctionner comme moteur thermique avec un arbre de prise de puissance (19b), ou bien il peut fonctionner comme un système de réfrigération actionné par la chaleur ambiante, suivant la taille des composants du système.
EP19830902056 1983-05-18 1983-05-18 Moteur thermique Withdrawn EP0144314A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1983/000757 WO1984004580A1 (fr) 1983-05-18 1983-05-18 Moteur thermique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0144314A1 true EP0144314A1 (fr) 1985-06-19

Family

ID=22175148

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19830902056 Withdrawn EP0144314A1 (fr) 1983-05-18 1983-05-18 Moteur thermique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0144314A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1700583A (fr)
WO (1) WO1984004580A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2519010A (en) * 1947-08-02 1950-08-15 Philco Corp Refrigeration system and method
US2494120A (en) * 1947-09-23 1950-01-10 Phillips Petroleum Co Expansion refrigeration system and method
US3172270A (en) * 1961-01-19 1965-03-09 Peter Aurigemma Refrigeration systems
US3277658A (en) * 1965-07-19 1966-10-11 Carrier Corp Refrigeration apparatus
US3367125A (en) * 1966-09-02 1968-02-06 Carrier Corp Refrigeration system
BE789986A (fr) * 1971-10-13 1973-04-12 Tno Koelinstallatie
US3934424A (en) * 1973-12-07 1976-01-27 Enserch Corporation Refrigerant expander compressor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8404580A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1984004580A1 (fr) 1984-11-22
AU1700583A (en) 1984-12-04

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