EP0140687A2 - Fabrication d'asphalte mastique - Google Patents

Fabrication d'asphalte mastique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0140687A2
EP0140687A2 EP84307396A EP84307396A EP0140687A2 EP 0140687 A2 EP0140687 A2 EP 0140687A2 EP 84307396 A EP84307396 A EP 84307396A EP 84307396 A EP84307396 A EP 84307396A EP 0140687 A2 EP0140687 A2 EP 0140687A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
asphalt
moulds
mould
weight
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84307396A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0140687A3 (fr
Inventor
Bryan Pope
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PERMANITE ASPHALT Ltd
Original Assignee
PERMANITE ASPHALT Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PERMANITE ASPHALT Ltd filed Critical PERMANITE ASPHALT Ltd
Publication of EP0140687A2 publication Critical patent/EP0140687A2/fr
Publication of EP0140687A3 publication Critical patent/EP0140687A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B63/00—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on articles or materials to be packaged
    • B65B63/08—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on articles or materials to be packaged for heating or cooling articles or materials to facilitate packaging
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
    • C10C3/00—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen
    • C10C3/18—Removing in solid form from reaction vessels, containers and the like, e.g. by cutting out, by pressing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and to an installation for producing mastic asphalt and to an improved mastic asphalt block.
  • Mastic asphalt has been manufactured previously by methods in which the main constituents of the mastic asphalt, which generally include bitumen, limestone grit and a powdered limestone filler, are mixed and then heated together for further mixing. The resulting molten mixture is then poured into moulds and allowed to cool and solidify into blocks which are convenient for transporting to the sites on which the asphalt is to be used.
  • the main constituents of the mastic asphalt which generally include bitumen, limestone grit and a powdered limestone filler
  • the apparatus of the invention is characterised in that it comprises means for heating at least some of the constituent materials from which the asphalt is formed prior to mixing, means for mixing the constituent materials, means for cooling the asphalt to a temperature suitable for discharging into a mould and a heat exchanger arrangment . associated with the cooling means for recovering heat from the asphalt and returning it to the heating means for heating the constituent materials for asphalt to be produced subsequently.
  • heat should be recovered during the mixing of the constituent materials and used in heating the filler for asphalt mixed subsequently.
  • this arrangement has a further advantage.
  • mixing of the constituent materials is best carried out at a temperature of around 180°C
  • the asphalt is best poured into the moulds at a lower temperature, from around 120 0 C, the optimum temperature being about 150°C.
  • the asphalt can be cooled to a temperature ideal for moulding by the time the mixing is complete and the delays which have been necessary in the past while the asphalt is allowed to cool prior to moulding are avoided.
  • the entire cooling process may be effected by passing the filled moulds through an array of water spray nozzles in a vertical zig-zag path.
  • this arrangement has the advantage that the use of water sprays in removing heat from the moulds is more efficient than immersing the moulds in water because water sprayed onto the surfaces of the moulds in the initial stages of cooling tends to form steam and so large quantities of heat are removed from the moulds as the latent heat needed to turn water into steam is much greater than the heat required to merely heat the water.
  • mastic asphalt is usually supplied to the contractors who use it in the form of solid blocks. These blocks generally have a nominal weight of 25kg as this amount can easily be melted in an ordinary bucket. In practice, the blocks vary considerably in weight, size and shape and are, therefore, difficult to stack and store.
  • the invention provides a method of discharging mastic asphalt into a plurality of moulds through a discharge outlet which can be selectively opened and closed, characterised in that a method of discharging mastic asphalt into a plurality of moulds through a discharge outlet which can be selectively opened and closed, the method being characterised in that the weight of each mould is measured after filling and the time for which the discharge outlet is opened to discharge asphalt into each mould is varied in response to the measured weight of preceding filled moulds so as to render the weight of asphalt discharged into successive moulds substantially uniform.
  • the invention provides a mastic asphalt block characterised in that it has formed in a surface thereof at least one groove for facilitating breaking of the block. When such block is gently tapped it will break, in a controlled manner, along the line of the groove or indentation.
  • the method of the invention in its various aspects enables an improved mastic asphalt block to be produced more quickly and cheaply than hitherto.
  • the manufacturing plant shown in Figs. 1 and 2 enables mastic asphalt to be produced from the raw materials bitumen, limestone grit and powdered limestone filler by an almost completely automatic process.
  • Bitumen is delivered hot to the the hopper 10 and is kept warm at a temperature between 170°C and 200°C to render it sufficiently liquid to flow reasonably easily and is then carried directly to the primary mixer 16 through a pipeline 11.
  • Grit and filler from the hoppers 12 and 14 respectively are drawn upwards by means of elevators 13 and 15.
  • the filler is fed from the hopper 14 into two heaters 18 where it is heated to a temperature of about 200 0 C and then is carried downwards by gravity to the primary mixer 16, either directly, as shown in Fig. 2 or via a weighing hopper 20 as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the grit is not heated prior to mixing but is added to the other materials in the primary mixer 16, again, either directly from the hopper 12 or via the weighing hopper 20.
  • the mixer 16 may be of the conventional "vertical" mixer type having a mixing vessel of, typically, 6 tonnes capacity with a central vertical rotating shaft carrying one or more sets of angled mixing blades or paddles which effect the mixing of the raw materials to form mastic asphalt.
  • the mixer 16 is set to operate on a thirty-minute mixing cycle and once the mixing period is over, a gate is opened at the base of the mixer 16 to allow its contents to be discharged by gravity through a steeply- angled shute 22 into a secondary mixer 24.
  • the secondary mixer 24 which is shown in detail in Figs. 3 and 4, serves two purposes. Firstly, it subjects the asphalt to further mixing, so as to ensure that the raw materials are properly blended and the resulting asphalt is as homogeneous as possible, and, secondly, it acts to cool the asphalt, which not only permits heat to be recovered and re-used but also ensures that the asphalt is at the optimum temperature for moulding.
  • the mixer 24 is, again of the vertical type consisting of a mixing tank 26 enclosing a central rotary spindle 28 which carries two sets of angled mixing paddles 30.
  • Hot asphalt from the primary mixer 16 enters the mixing tank 26 through an opening 32 at the top of the tank 26 and the cooled asphalt is discharged through an outlet valve (treacle valve) or opening at its base which is closed during mixing by a pneumatically-operated gate 34.
  • the secondary mixer 24 is also provided with an outer jacket 36 of insulating material which encloses a number of vertical passages 38 for the flow of a heat exchange medium.
  • the passages 38 are joined at their upper and lower ends by annular passages 40 and 42 respectively to form a network through which the heat exchange medium, which may, for example, be thermal oil, circulates.
  • the heat exchange medium which may, for example, be thermal oil, circulates.
  • the cold thermal oil entering the network of passages contacts the hot asphalt through the wall of the mixing tank 26 and heat is transferred from the asphalt to the oil.
  • the hot oil then leaves the secondary mixer 24 and passes through a heat exchanger 44 where the heat is removed and returned to the heaters 18 for use in heating filler for the next batch of asphalt.
  • the moulds must be cooled so that the asphalt solidifies into fairly rigid blocks.
  • Rapid cooling of the filled moulds is achieved by drawing the moulds through an array of water sprays.
  • the filled moulds are carried from the filling point at the outlet of the secondary mixer 24 by a suitable form of conveyor into a cooling tower 50, which is shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
  • the moulds 52 are coupled to a chain conveyor 54.
  • the conveyor 54 runs in a zig-zag path up-and-down along the length of the tower 50 so as to fit as long a path as possible into a relatively small ground area.
  • Each vertical span of the chain conveyor may, for example, be about 30 feet (9 metres approximately) in length.
  • the chain conveyor 54 is surrounded along its sinuous zig-zag path by an array 56 of nozzles which spray water onto the moulds 52.
  • the water which initially contacts the moulds 52 and their contents is turned into steam, thus removing a relatively large quantity of heat from the asphalt in the form of the latent heat needed to turn the water into steam. Thereafter, heat is removed by merely heating the spray water.
  • the water temperature rises from about 10 0 C to about 16 0 C .
  • the moulds 52 are uncoupled from the conveyor 54 and carried away for the asphalt blocks to be unmoulded and packaged prior to being transported to the sites where the asphalt is to be used.
  • the moulds 52 in which the asphalt blocks are formed are conveyed continuously around a closed-loop path which passes through a mould-filling station 53 and an unmoulding station 55.
  • the filling of the moulds 52 is regulated by a control system incorporating a micro-processor 60 as shown in Fig. 7.
  • Each mould 52 is carried to the mould-filling station 53 which is directly below the discharge gate 34 of the secondary mixer 24.
  • the discharge gate 34 is pneumatically-actuated and can be moved to open and close the discharge outlet at the base of the mixer 24.
  • asphalt falls vertically under gravity from the outlet into a mould 52 which is positioned directly below it.
  • the use of a vertical outlet arrangement avoids the problems due to drag and a build-up of asphalt in the shute which arise when an inclined outlet shute is used.
  • the pneumatic actuator 35 of the gate 34 is controlled by the microprocessor 60. As each mould 52 reaches the mould-filling station 53, the microprocessor 60 causes the actuator 35 to open the gate 34. The gate 34 remains open for the period required for a sufficient amount of asphalt to be discharged into the mould 52 to fill it. The gate 34 is then closed.
  • the filled mould 52 is then conveyed through a weighing station 64 and a signal representing the weight of the filled mould input into the microprocessor 60.
  • the microprocessor 60 compares this signal to a stored value, which can either be a desired nominal weight or an average value or the weight of the next preceding mould.
  • the microprocessor 60 then adjusts the time for which the discharge gate 34 is opened to fill subsequent moulds so that the amount of asphalt discharged and, hence the size and weight of the blocks are as consistent as possible.
  • each mould may in addition be weighed prior to being filled.
  • the signal representing the weight of the empty mould can then be used by the microprocessor to provide a signal representative of the actual weight of asphalt in the mould which is then compared to a desired value.
  • the moulds 52 in which the blocks are formed are in the form of a generally rectangular tray consisting of four compartments, each rectangular, having a single integral side wall and a separate spring-biased loose bottom. Each compartment is preferably twice as long as it is wide, for reasons which will be explained in greater detail below, and has a capacity of 20kg of mastic asphalt. Typically, a 20kg block may be 0.5m (20 inches) long and 0.25m (10 inches) wide. To achieve the desired 20kg weight, a mould having these dimensions is filled with mastic asphalt to a depth of 9cm (3b inches).
  • the side wall is not quite perpendicular to the bottom but tapers slightly towards it, typically at an angle of about 8° to the perpendicular, so that the asphalt blocks can more easily be removed from the mould.
  • the use of a loose bottom in the mould allows the finished block to be simply pushed out of it by suitable unmoulding equipment at the unmoulding station 55.
  • each mould Prior to being filled, the inside of each mould is dusted with a little of the powdered limestone filler material to prevent the asphalt sticking to the mould. As a result, the finished blocks tend to have a surface layer of limestone filler which helps to prevent them sticking together.
  • the empty moulds 52 are returned by means of a conveyor 57 to the mould-filling station 53 for re-use.
  • the blocks produced by the installation of the invention are of a uniform size, they can easily be formed into a self-supporting stack 70, as shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings. For this reason, it is preferred to make the blocks of the rectangular shape described above, as such blocks can be stacked more easily using conventional stacking machinery than blocks of other shapes.
  • Each stack 70 is formed by a conventional stacking machine 59 located downstream of the unmoulding station 55 and consists of, in this case, .eight layers of blocks arranged so that the blocks of each layer straddle the gaps between the blocks of the layer below.
  • the stack 70 is held together by means of four straps 72 which pass tightly around it to prevent the blocks moving apart.
  • spaces are left between adjacent blocks to form channels 74 into which the forks of a fork-lift truck can be inserted to move the stack.
  • a stack formed in this way is entirely self-supporting and does not require a pallet or any other form of packing.
  • each strap 72 should be left with an end free when initally placed on the stack 70 so that it can be pulled up and retightened immediately before moving the stack 70.
  • each compartment of the moulds 52 in which the blocks are formed is formed with two, as shown, or three equally-spaced transverse ribs of triangular cross-section which produce in the finished asphalt block correspondingly spaced, triangular cross-section grooves or indentations 80, as shown in Fig. 9.
  • the ribs may either be formed integrally with the bottom plate of the mould or by positioning two pieces of angle iron on the base of the mould.
  • the grooved blocks can be broken into even-sized pieces simply by tapping them sharply, thus causing the block to split cleanly in a controlled manner along the line of the grooves 80.
  • Grooves 80 of various cross- sectional shapes may be used and provide satisfactory results.
  • the groove depth should preferably be between one fifth and one third of the overall height of the block, the best results being obtained when the groove depth is about one quarter of the block height. So for a 0.5 metre long block of the dimensions described above, a groove depth of about 2.25cm (0.9 inch) is preferred.
  • the method of the invention enables an improved mastic asphalt block to be manufactured more cheaply by making savings in both the energy consumed and the manufacturing time.
  • the plant described above is almost completely automatic and can be operated by as few as two men who may be housed in a small air-conditioned control cabin 90, shown in Fig. 2, thus avoiding the need for personnel to work in the unpleasantly hot areas around the heaters and mixers.
  • the plant is very compact and, consequently, occupies relatively little space and it is envisaged that it could be erected on site in instances where large quantities of mastic asphalt will be needed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Working-Up Tar And Pitch (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
EP84307396A 1983-10-28 1984-10-26 Fabrication d'asphalte mastique Withdrawn EP0140687A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08328877A GB2148778B (en) 1983-10-28 1983-10-28 Manufacturing mastic asphalt blocks
GB8328877 1983-10-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0140687A2 true EP0140687A2 (fr) 1985-05-08
EP0140687A3 EP0140687A3 (fr) 1987-04-22

Family

ID=10550894

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84307396A Withdrawn EP0140687A3 (fr) 1983-10-28 1984-10-26 Fabrication d'asphalte mastique

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0140687A3 (fr)
GB (2) GB2148778B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998042792A2 (fr) * 1997-03-26 1998-10-01 Reichhold Chemicals, Inc. Procedes de preparation d'adhesif thermo-fusible et appareil correspondant
EP1053181A1 (fr) * 1997-12-12 2000-11-22 Owens Corning Conditionnements pour asphalte a recipients fusibles

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9025910D0 (en) * 1990-11-28 1991-01-09 Dickinson John E Bicycle carrier for a caravan

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE516355C (de) * 1928-11-21 1931-01-22 Oppermann & Deichmann Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Mastixbroten
DE2359760B2 (de) * 1972-12-01 1978-03-23 Giorgio Mailand Levy (Italien) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung stapelbarer Bitumenblöcke
EP0088258A1 (fr) * 1982-02-26 1983-09-14 Cesare Sangiorgi Ligne de production de blocs de bitume

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB169322A (en) * 1920-07-12 1921-09-29 Armstrong John Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of briquettes
GB461815A (en) * 1935-08-24 1937-02-24 Karl Bray Kilborn Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of hollow rubber articles and articles made of sponge rubber
GB531386A (en) * 1939-11-14 1941-01-02 Kathleen Annie Throssell Improvements in and relating to slabs or blocks of material, for example chocolate, intended to be broken along weakening lines
GB697071A (en) * 1952-01-08 1953-09-16 Robert Sollich Improvements in flexible moulds for casting settable or hardenable plastic substances for example jellies, sugar masses or fondant centres
GB944066A (en) * 1961-02-20 1963-12-11 Glynercast Ltd Improvements relating to building blocks
DE2614804A1 (de) * 1976-04-06 1977-10-27 Resicoat Gmbh Kuehleinrichtung zur kuehlung kontinuierlicher produktstraenge

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE516355C (de) * 1928-11-21 1931-01-22 Oppermann & Deichmann Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Mastixbroten
DE2359760B2 (de) * 1972-12-01 1978-03-23 Giorgio Mailand Levy (Italien) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung stapelbarer Bitumenblöcke
EP0088258A1 (fr) * 1982-02-26 1983-09-14 Cesare Sangiorgi Ligne de production de blocs de bitume

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998042792A2 (fr) * 1997-03-26 1998-10-01 Reichhold Chemicals, Inc. Procedes de preparation d'adhesif thermo-fusible et appareil correspondant
WO1998042792A3 (fr) * 1997-03-26 1998-12-03 Reichhold Chemicals Inc Procedes de preparation d'adhesif thermo-fusible et appareil correspondant
US6006497A (en) * 1997-03-26 1999-12-28 Reichhold Chemicals, Inc. Methods and apparatus for preparing a hot melt adhesive
EP1053181A1 (fr) * 1997-12-12 2000-11-22 Owens Corning Conditionnements pour asphalte a recipients fusibles
EP1053181A4 (fr) * 1997-12-12 2002-05-22 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Conditionnements pour asphalte a recipients fusibles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2148778A (en) 1985-06-05
EP0140687A3 (fr) 1987-04-22
GB2152425A (en) 1985-08-07
GB8427197D0 (en) 1984-12-05
GB8328877D0 (en) 1983-11-30
GB2148778B (en) 1987-06-24

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