EP0138597B1 - Detergent bars - Google Patents

Detergent bars Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0138597B1
EP0138597B1 EP84307006A EP84307006A EP0138597B1 EP 0138597 B1 EP0138597 B1 EP 0138597B1 EP 84307006 A EP84307006 A EP 84307006A EP 84307006 A EP84307006 A EP 84307006A EP 0138597 B1 EP0138597 B1 EP 0138597B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
soap
bar
deodorant
composition
transparent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84307006A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0138597A2 (en
EP0138597A3 (en
Inventor
Stephen Anderson
John Martin Behan
Terrence Allan Clarke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Original Assignee
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever PLC, Unilever NV filed Critical Unilever PLC
Priority to AT84307006T priority Critical patent/ATE45765T1/de
Publication of EP0138597A2 publication Critical patent/EP0138597A2/en
Publication of EP0138597A3 publication Critical patent/EP0138597A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0138597B1 publication Critical patent/EP0138597B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0095—Solid transparent soaps or detergents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0021—Dye-stain or dye-transfer inhibiting compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0068—Deodorant compositions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to detergent bars and in particular to bars containing soap, that is water soluble salts of long chain (C 2 to C 22 ) monocarboxylic acids, and having a transparent phase structure.
  • deodorant materials have been described in the literature and include germicides and deodorant compositions which are perceivable by the olfactory sense and can be used as a perfume material or as a base for a perfume material. Examples of deodorant compositions of this latter class are disclosed in, for example UK patent specification GB-A-2016507 (Unilever).
  • a deodorant material having a result of from 0.5 to 3.5 in a Deodorant Value Test described in UK 2016507 is increased when incorporated in a rosin containing transparent bar.
  • the rosin will usually be present in the range from about 1 % to about 30% by weight of the bar preferably above about 4% and the deodorant composition in the range from about 0.1 % to about 10% by weight.
  • the increase in the deodorant composition effectivenss derives from the matured transparent phase of the soap which may, in some product compositions, not be appreciated in the form of a transparent bar.
  • an opaque filler for example, titanium dioxide or silica
  • the method of forming the transparent phase structure is not critical; the intense working and casting methods form bars which provide an environment in which the deodorant material has increased effectiveness.
  • the transparency will increase to a commercially useful level during maturation. This process will usually be allowed to proceed at ambient temperature i.e., about 20°C but higher temperatures i.e., up to about 30°C and up to about 40°C are usable for some compositions.
  • the transparent phase will preferably satisfy the test requirements of US ⁇ A ⁇ 2970116 (Kelly) and have a Translucency voltage of 30 or less.
  • the deo-effectiveness of deodorant compositions is measured as the Deodorant Value (DV) by the method described in GB-A-2016507.
  • the deodorant value of a deodorant composition is measured by assessing its effectiveness, when contained in a standard soap bar atua standard concentration, in reducing body maladour when the standard soap bar is used to wash the axiallae (armpits) of a panel of humand subjects.
  • soap base is not critical to the performance of the test but as illustrative of the conduct of the test in this respect the procedure followed in the preparation of the base is included in the description of the test.
  • Standard soap bars are prepared as follows, all amounts given being by weight.
  • soap base there is used a neutral wet sodium soap containing 63% of total fatty matter of which 82% is tallow fatty acid and 18% is coconut oil fatty acid.
  • soap base a neutral wet sodium soap containing 63% of total fatty matter of which 82% is tallow fatty acid and 18% is coconut oil fatty acid.
  • 9,770 parts of the soap noodles thus obtained are mixed at ambient temperature with 150 parts of the deodorant composition to be tested, together with 30 parts of a titanium dioxide opacifier and 50 parts of a colourant suspension.
  • the resulting mixture is milled and stamped into tablets.
  • the deodorant composition to be tested is therefore present at the standard level of 1.5%.
  • These tablets are the test soap bars described as 80/20/5 soap base in the examples, and consist of 80 parts tallow soap and 20 parts coconut oil soap, 5 parts of this soap mixture being free fatty acids expressed as coconut oil fatty acid.
  • Examples of alternative soap bars are those prepared in a similar manner except that they consist of 80 parts tallow soap and 20 parts coconut oil soap, with no added free fatty acid (described as 80/20 soap base), or 70 parts tallow soap and 30 parts coconut oil soap, with no added free fatty acid (described as 70/30 soap base), or 55 parts tallow soap and 45 parts of coconut soap, 7.5 parts of this soap mixture being free fatty acids expressed as coconut oil fatty acid (described as 55/45/7.5 soap base).
  • Control soap bars are prepared in a similar manner except that the deodorant composition is omitted.
  • the control bar should only contain those additives conventionally present in personal washing products and for the purpose in the amount conventionally used in the art.
  • antioxidants it is permissible as indicated in the foregoing description to include antioxidants in the control bar, but these should be present only in the amount required to stabilise the soap base.
  • the panel subjects are assigned a non-deodorant soap bar for exclusive use of bathing and are denied the use of any type of deodorant or antiperspirant.
  • the 50 subjects are randomly divided into two groups of 25.
  • the control soap bars are then applied to the left axillae of the first group and the right axillae of the second, and the test soap bars are applied to the right axillae of the first group and the left axillae of the second.
  • the soap bars are applied by a technician using a standard technique in which a wet flannel is soaped with the soap bar for 15 seconds, the axilla is washed with the soaped flannel for 30 seconds, then wiped with a water rinsed flannel and dried with a clean towel.
  • a wet flannel is soaped with the soap bar for 15 seconds
  • the axilla is washed with the soaped flannel for 30 seconds
  • wiped with a water rinsed flannel and dried with a clean towel Each subject then puts on a freshly laundered shirt, and 5 hours after application the odour intensity of each subject is assessed, the left axilla of each subject being assessed before the right.
  • the application and assessment are carried out on each of four successive days.
  • the odour intensity is evaluated by all three assessors who, operating without knowledge of the soap bars used for each subject or the result of evaluation of their fellow-assessors, sniff each axilla and assign a score corresponding to the strength of the odour on a scale from 0 to 5, with 0 corresponding to no odour and 5 representing very strong odour.
  • assessors Before evaluation each subject stands with his arms against his side; he then raises one arm straight overhead, flattening the axilla vault and making it possible for the assessor's nose to be brought close to the skin, the assessor makes an evaluation and the procedure is repeated with the other axilla.
  • Standard aqueous solutions of isovaleric acid which correspond to each of the scores 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are provided for reference to assist the assessors in the evaluation. These are shown in Table below.
  • the scores recorded by each assessor for each soap bar are averaged and the average score of the test soap bars deducted from the average score of the control soap bars to give the deodorant value of the deodorant composition present in the test soap bars.
  • the average score with the control soap bars should be between 2.5 and 3.5.
  • GB-A-2016507 also discloses the lipoxidase test, by which the lipoxidase inhibiting capacity is measured, and the morpholine test from which the Raoult variance ratio is derived.
  • the soap bar will include a deodorant composition consisting essentially of from about 45 to 100% by weight of at least five components satisfying requirements stated below and from 0 to about 55% by weight of other materials referred to as "ingredients" each of the components being selected from components having a lipoxidase inhibiting capacity of at least 50% and components having a Raoult variance ratio of at least 1.1, the components and ingredients being so chosen that the deodorant value of the deodorant composition is within the range 0.50 to 3.5.
  • a deodorant composition consisting essentially of from about 45 to 100% by weight of at least five components satisfying requirements stated below and from 0 to about 55% by weight of other materials referred to as "ingredients" each of the components being selected from components having a lipoxidase inhibiting capacity of at least 50% and components having a Raoult variance ratio of at least 1.1, the components and ingredients being so chosen that the deodorant value of the deodorant composition is within the range 0.50 to 3.5.
  • Each component should be allocated to one of the six classes. These classes are:
  • the component In attributing a component to a class, the following rules are to be observed. Where the component could be assigned to more than one class, the component is allocated to the class occurring first in the order given above: for example clove oil, which is phenolic in character, is placed in Class 1 although it otherwise might have been allocated to Class 2. Similarly, 2-n-heptyl cyclopentanone which is a polycyclic ketone is attributed to Class 3 instead of Class 4.
  • perfume components are:
  • the rules are applied only to those components of the deodorant composition present at a level of at least 0.5% by weight of the composition.
  • deodorant compositions to which this application relates are minor but relatively expensive constituents of a soap bar. Thus any route to reducing the problem of the economics of their commercial use must be of benefit.
  • oils and fats are saponified, washed and fitted as for a conventional milled soap.
  • the soap is then dissolved in sufficient alcohol to form an (isotropic) solution.
  • Some variations in technique occur in making the alcohol solution.
  • Either the fitted liquid soap is directly dissolved in alcohol, or the soap is dried to a controlled total fatty matter (TFM) before being dissolved in alcohol or alcohol/water.
  • TBM total fatty matter
  • the melted oils and fats are mixed with clarifier/filter and with alkali, poured into frames and allowed to react in situ without the external application of heat.
  • a rather large excess of caustic is required which remains in the final bar; free caustic levels of greater than 1% are common in the type of bar.
  • Tallow may be replaced partly or completely by hardened oils with a similar titre
  • bleached palm oil coconut oil or palm kernel oil and castor oil are the most commonly used sources of fatty acids (Davidsohn, Soap Manufacture Vol. I).
  • sugar, glycerol and alcohol are the main organic raw materials
  • sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and sodium silicate represent the main inorganic raw materials.
  • a number of formulations for cast transparent soap bars are given in the literature.
  • oils and fats can be saponified, washed, fitted and dried using conventional soap-making procedures.
  • Colouring material and perfume can be incorporated by the standard methods used for conventional soap production.
  • the transparency is generated during an energetic working stage.
  • the plodding, stamping and wrapping stages can be carried out as for a conventional soap line.
  • the transparency will normally increase during a maturation period.
  • Formulations are as for conventional, high tallow soaps. They may in addition contain for example potassium soaps, higher levels of glycerol or sorbitol.
  • the following bars were prepared and subjected to panel testing with the regime described in GB-A-2016507.
  • the deodorant composition used was a perfume composition having a Deodorant Value of 1.0 when subjected to the test procedure described previously. The results are given in the Table quoting the difference in perceived odour score with respect to the control.
  • This bar was made using the same procedures described for Bar A with the addition of 12% of the perfume having a deodorant value (DV) of 1.0 during the milling stage.
  • the bars were stored for a period of six weeks at 20°C before testing.
  • the standard pan-room procedures were modified so as to minimise the loss of the more soluble components (glycerol and potassium soap).
  • the fats and oils were added to the nigre of the previous boil.
  • the mix was saponified by using the appropriate blend of NaOH/KOH and fitted so that the neat soap separated on top of nigre and a small amount of lye.
  • the neat soap layer was removed and additional glycerol added (to take account of the small loss the lye) together with additional electrolyte.
  • the composition of the neat soap was such that it contained:
  • the dried soap chips were placed in a sigma blade mixer and 12% of the perfume used in bar B added.
  • the soap was worked in a Sigma blade mixer at a temperature and water content in the ranges described in US ⁇ A ⁇ 2970116 for a period sufficient to generate a transparent phase. Care was taken to minimise water loss by enclosing the mixer; the temperature was controlled by means of a thermostatic heat-jacket.
  • the bars were subsequently plodded and stamped in the conventional manner. They were then stored at 20°C and matured for 6 weeks before testing.
  • Bar D was made using the procedures for Bar C except for the pre-saponification stage where the rosin (5% by weight of the final bar) was incorporated into the formulation by adding it to the nigre of the previous boil. The fats and oils were then added to the rosin and nigre and the saponification and subsequent stages were carried out as described for Bar C.
  • a deodorant composition was added to a rosin containing transparent bar at a level of 1.5%.
  • the deodorant composition had a deodorant value (DV) of 0.78.
  • the product bar which had the same base formulation as bar D of Example I, had a difference in Odour Score of 1.36.
  • a deodorant composition with the formulation below was added to a rosin containing transparent bar at a level of 1.5%.
  • the deodorant composition had a deodorant value (DV) of 0.60.
  • a comparison bar having the formulation of bar C of Example I had a difference in Odour Score of 0.76.
  • the product bar, which had the same base formulation as bar D of Example I had a difference in Odour Score of 1.35.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
EP84307006A 1983-10-14 1984-10-12 Detergent bars Expired EP0138597B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84307006T ATE45765T1 (de) 1983-10-14 1984-10-12 Detergens-riegel.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB838327617A GB8327617D0 (en) 1983-10-14 1983-10-14 Detergent bars
GB8327617 1983-10-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0138597A2 EP0138597A2 (en) 1985-04-24
EP0138597A3 EP0138597A3 (en) 1987-07-29
EP0138597B1 true EP0138597B1 (en) 1989-08-23

Family

ID=10550243

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84307006A Expired EP0138597B1 (en) 1983-10-14 1984-10-12 Detergent bars

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0138597B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS60104198A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE45765T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU575347B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR8405166A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1232818A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3479517D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB8327617D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IN (1) IN159933B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA847992B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8525503D0 (en) * 1985-10-16 1985-11-20 Unilever Plc Detergent component
US12281287B2 (en) 2020-12-16 2025-04-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Treatment compositions comprising certain plant rosin materials
WO2022133426A1 (en) * 2020-12-16 2022-06-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Treatment compositions comprising plant rosin materials
EP4262734A1 (en) * 2020-12-16 2023-10-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Liquid treatment compositions comprising delivery particles based on plant rosin material
WO2022133424A1 (en) * 2020-12-16 2022-06-23 The Procter & Gamble Company Process of making a treatment composition that includes a plant rosin material and related premix compositions

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB228282A (en) * 1923-11-07 1925-02-05 Paul Villain Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of perfumed or medicated transparent soaps, and solidified perfumes, disinfectants, or the like having detergent properties
BE360081A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1928-04-26
GB2016507B (en) * 1978-03-20 1982-08-04 Unilever Ltd Deodorant soap bars

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA847992B (en) 1986-06-25
JPS60104198A (ja) 1985-06-08
DE3479517D1 (en) 1989-09-28
AU3417684A (en) 1985-04-18
AU575347B2 (en) 1988-07-28
CA1232818A (en) 1988-02-16
EP0138597A2 (en) 1985-04-24
BR8405166A (pt) 1985-08-27
EP0138597A3 (en) 1987-07-29
GB8327617D0 (en) 1983-11-16
IN159933B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1987-06-13
ATE45765T1 (de) 1989-09-15

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