EP0134368A1 - Training projectile - Google Patents

Training projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0134368A1
EP0134368A1 EP83401738A EP83401738A EP0134368A1 EP 0134368 A1 EP0134368 A1 EP 0134368A1 EP 83401738 A EP83401738 A EP 83401738A EP 83401738 A EP83401738 A EP 83401738A EP 0134368 A1 EP0134368 A1 EP 0134368A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shell
exercise
longitudinal axis
cavity
range
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Granted
Application number
EP83401738A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0134368B1 (en
Inventor
Bernard Petit
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Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Etat Francais
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Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Etat Francais
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Application filed by Direction General pour lArmement DGA, Etat Francais filed Critical Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Priority to EP19830401738 priority Critical patent/EP0134368B1/en
Priority to DE8383401738T priority patent/DE3376451D1/en
Publication of EP0134368A1 publication Critical patent/EP0134368A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0134368B1 publication Critical patent/EP0134368B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/48—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding

Definitions

  • the techaingue sector of the present invention is that of exercise lunations, in particular for rifles for curved shooting.
  • the artillerymen use either live shells or partially weighted practice shells in black powder or in tolite.
  • exercise is an expensive and dangerous operation; in the second case, the practice shell is manufactured from the same elements as an actual cbus and according to the same manufacturing stages. Therefore, the price of these shells remains the same.
  • French patent 2,363,776 proposed a shell comprising a solid body in one piece devoid of cavity, and a cap.
  • the body can be made of steel, soft iron or plastic; the cap is made of plastic.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an exercise shell of reduced range compared to a war shell of the same caliber but the dispersion of which during firing is identical to that of the war shell.
  • the standard deviation in range is 125 m and the standard deviation in direction is 20 m.
  • the shell fired at 10km is precise and it is relatively easy for the artilleryman to make the share of the error due to the material (gun and shells) and the share of the error due to handling (aiming error). In this case, the fire corrections are made more quickly.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore an exercise shell, of the rotational stabilized type, fired at a reduced range compared to the upper range of a war shell of the same caliber, characterized in that it comprises means for destabilization in rotation to ensure a dispersion in range and direction at least equal to that which would have, at higher range, the corresponding war shell.
  • the shell according to the invention may include a cavity of revolution to adjust its mass to that of the war shell.
  • the unbalance can be obtained by asymmetrical addition of material on the external surface of the shell, by at least one recess made in the thickness of the body of the shell, by a parallel or angular offset of the longitudinal axis of the cavity relative to the longitudinal axis of the shell.
  • the recess can communicate with the central cavity.
  • the shell may include an ogival part followed by a substantially cylindrical part and two openings made symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shell at the level of the ogival part.
  • the shell may include at the front a blind hole for fixing a rocket and for receiving a marking composition.
  • An advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the practice shell can be manufactured at a price considerably lower than the actual shell, by conventional molding operations whatever the embodiment. As a result, any less noble metal than steel can be used, for example mild steels with low characteristics of cast iron.
  • the exercise bus according to the invention comprises one or more lateral openings, it is easier to remove the central core put in place during the molding operation to produce the cavity. We thereby create a dynamic heterogeneity at the level of the moments of inertia and a flow heterogeneity at the level of the aerodynamic forces.
  • an exercise shell 1 comprising a central cavity 2a.
  • a blind hole 3 is made in the wall of the shell for example at the level of the ogival part 5.
  • An impeller 4 is placed in this hole 3 and generates after ignition an impulse after the launch of the shell to destabilize it.
  • the dimensions of the cavity depend on the material used and are adjusted so as to match the mass of the exercise shell to that of a real shell of the same caliber or not.
  • the shell may include a cap 6 intended to perfect the aerodynamic profile of the shell and to support means for marking the point of impact.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exercise shell 7 substantially identical to shell 1 also comprising a cavity 2b of revolution around - the longitudinal axis but provided with an external boss 8 for example at the level of the ogival part 5.
  • FIG. 3 also shows an exercise shell 9 provided with a cavity 10a of revolution around the longitudinal axis X'DC and the profile of which is substantially identical to the external profile of the shell. In the thickness of the shell, there is a recess 11 ..
  • the shell 12 is identical to the shell 9 but the recess 11a communicates with the cavity 10b.
  • the shell 13 comprises a cavity 14 interrupted at the level of the ogival part 15; a recess 16 is practical in the thickness of the body of the shell 13, for example at the level of the ogival part.
  • the shell 17 comprises a cavity 18 of revolution around the axis y'y.
  • This axis y'y is offset parallel to the longitudinal axis x'a of the bus. It follows that the thickness a of the floor 19 is less than the thickness b of the wall 20, thus creating a heavy weight.
  • the shell 21 includes a cavity 22 of revolution around the axis y'y. This axis is offset by an andle ⁇ relative to the longitudinal axis ⁇ ' ⁇ of the shell.
  • a core is produced during molding which is put in place using inserts. This core is removed either through the channel made at the level of the base of
  • the welding plane perpendicular to the axis ⁇ ' ⁇ being located at said cavity.
  • an exercise shell 23 comprising a body 24 consisting of a frustoconical part 25a terminated by a cap 26 and extended by a substantially cylindrical part 25b.
  • the cover 26 percent had to be fitted with a detonator to initiate a signaling composition.
  • the part 25b conventionally carries a stripe belt 25c.
  • FIG 9 there is shown in longitudinal section the body 24 of the shell obtained by molding.
  • the internal chamber 29 which extends from the bottom 30 of a mouth hole 31 to the bottom 32 of the base 33 opening at the rear of the body 24.
  • the cavity 29 has in the drawing a shape substantially cylindrical and a symmetry of revolution around the x'x axis of the shell.
  • the two openings 27 and 28 are made at the frustoconical part 25a symmetrically with respect to the axis x'x However, the two openings can be placed asymmetrically with respect to this axis.
  • Each hole can be of variable dimensions; however, their length can be between about 1/5 and 3/5 of the length of the cavity.
  • this length is substantially equal to half that of the cavity. It is arranged in such a way that the establishment of the central core during molding is carried out by support arms giving birth to the gills.
  • I C designates the moment of inertia with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projectile.
  • 1A designates the moment of inertia with respect to any axis passing through the center of gravity and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the projectile.
  • Such an exercise shell has a greater dispersion, at reduced range (10 km), than that of the corrasponding war shell fired at 23 km.
  • the impact marking can be ensured by a 150g naphthalene-tolite tablet placed in the mouth hole.
  • the loading, firing and observation operations are identical to that carried out with a war shell. It can therefore be seen that such an exercise shell allows the shooter to easily carry out handling corrections.

Abstract

1. A practice shell, of the spin-stabilized type, fired at a reduced range compared with the longer range of a combat shell of the same caliber, including at least one cavity (22) generated by revolution, intended to adjust its weight to that of the corresponding combat shell, characterized in that it includes spin-destabilization means intended to give it a dispersion in range and direction at least equal to the one which the corresponding combat shell would have at a longer range, the destabilization means consisting of an unbalancing mass obtained by means of a parallel or angular offset of the longitudinal axis y'y of the cavity with respect to the longitudinal axis x'x of the shell.

Description

Le secteur techaingue de la présente invention est celui des luni- tions d'exercice en particulier pour armes rayées pour tir courbe.The techaingue sector of the present invention is that of exercise lunations, in particular for rifles for curved shooting.

Actuellcment pour l'entrafnement aux ttirs, aux réglages de tirs, aux maniements des armes etc... les artilleurs utilisent soit des obus réels soit des obus d'exercice partiellement lestés en poudre noire ou en tolite. Dans le premier cas, l'exercice est une opération dispendieuse et dangereuse; dans le second cas, l'obus d'exercice est fabriqué à partir des mêmes éléments qu'un cbus réel et selon les mêmes étapes de fabrication. De ce fait, le prix de ces obus reste le même.Currently for training in shots, fire settings, weapons handling etc ... the artillerymen use either live shells or partially weighted practice shells in black powder or in tolite. In the first case, exercise is an expensive and dangerous operation; in the second case, the practice shell is manufactured from the same elements as an actual cbus and according to the same manufacturing stages. Therefore, the price of these shells remains the same.

Pour diminuer le prix des obus d'exercice on a proposé dans le brevet français 2 363 776 un obus comprenant un corps massif d'une seule pièce dépourvu de cavité, et une coiffe. Le corps peut être réalisé en acier, en fer doux ou en matière plastique; la coiffe est réalisée en matière plastique.To reduce the price of exercise shells, French patent 2,363,776 proposed a shell comprising a solid body in one piece devoid of cavity, and a cap. The body can be made of steel, soft iron or plastic; the cap is made of plastic.

Dans ce genre de projectile, il s'agit avant tout de fabriquer un obus d'exercice dont les caractéristiques balistiques en particulinr la portée soient le plus proches possible de celles de l'obus réel. On s'arrange pour que le centre de gravité soit positionné au même niveau que celui du projes- tile de guerre et que la précision lors du tir soit le même.In this kind of projectile, it is above all a question of manufacturing an exercise shell whose ballistic characteristics in particular the range are as close as possible to those of the real shell. It is arranged that the center of gravity is positioned at the same level as that of the war projectile and that the precision during shooting is the same.

Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un obus d'exercice de portée réduite par rapport à un obus de guerre de méme calibre mais dont la dispersion lors du tir est identique à celle de l'obus de guerre.The object of the present invention is to provide an exercise shell of reduced range compared to a war shell of the same caliber but the dispersion of which during firing is identical to that of the war shell.

En effet, les champs de tir sont de petites dimensions et il est difficile pour les artilleurs d'effecture, à l'aide d'une arme de calibre 155 par exemple, des tirs à portée maximale. Or, une opération fondamentale lors d'un tir d'artillerie est celle du réglage du tir qui doit se faire dans les conditions le plus proches possible d'un tir réel, car. l'écart observé entre le point d'impact de l'obus tire et le point visé provient de deux sources d'erreur :

  • terreur de justesse: c'est à dire écart entre le point moyen des impacts et le point visé (erreur de manipulation);
  • - erreur de précision : c'est-à-dire dispersion des impacts autour du point moyen.
Indeed, the ranges are of small dimensions and it is difficult for the artillery gunners, using a 155 caliber weapon for example, shots at maximum range. However, a fundamental operation during an artillery fire is that of the adjustment of the fire which must be done in the conditions as close as possible to a real fire, because. the difference observed between the point of impact of the shell and the target point comes from two sources of error:
  • near terror: ie deviation between the average point of the impacts and the target point (handling error);
  • - precision error: that is to say dispersion of the impacts around the mean point.

Par exemple, pour un obus de guerre de calibre 155 tiré à portée normale de 23km, l'écart-type en portée est de 125 m et l'écart-type en direction est de 20 m. 11 s'agit d'erreurs de précisions. Par contre, le même obus tirs dans les mémes conditions mais à une portée moindre de 10km, présente en écart-type en portée de 48 m et on direction de 7,5 m. Dans ces conditions, on pout dire que l'obus tiré à 10km est précis et il est relativement facil pour l'artilleur de faire la part de l'erreur due au matériel (canon et obus) et la part de l'erreur due à la manipulation (erreur de visée). Dans ce cas, les corrections de tir sont réalisées plus rapidement.For example, for a 155 caliber war shell fired at a normal range of 23km, the standard deviation in range is 125 m and the standard deviation in direction is 20 m. These are precision errors. On the other hand, the same shell fired in the same conditions but at a lesser range of 10km, present in standard deviation in range of 48 m and direction of 7.5 m. In these conditions, we can say that the shell fired at 10km is precise and it is relatively easy for the artilleryman to make the share of the error due to the material (gun and shells) and the share of the error due to handling (aiming error). In this case, the fire corrections are made more quickly.

L'invention a donc pour objet un obus d'exercice, du type stabilisé en rotation, tiré à une portée réduite par rapport à la portée supérieure d'un obus de guerre de même calibre, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de déstabilisation en rotation pour lui assurer une dispersion en portée et en direction au moins égale à celle qu'aurait, à portée supérieure, l'obus de guerre correspondant.The subject of the invention is therefore an exercise shell, of the rotational stabilized type, fired at a reduced range compared to the upper range of a war shell of the same caliber, characterized in that it comprises means for destabilization in rotation to ensure a dispersion in range and direction at least equal to that which would have, at higher range, the corresponding war shell.

L'obus selon l'invention peut comporter une cavité de révolution pour ajuster sa masse à celle de l'obus de guerre.The shell according to the invention may include a cavity of revolution to adjust its mass to that of the war shell.

Avantageusement, les moyens de déstabilisation peuvent être constitués par :

  • - un balourd,
  • - des impulseurs engendrant une poussée sensiblement transversale à l'axe longitudinal de l'obus.
Advantageously, the destabilization means can consist of:
  • - an imbalance,
  • - impellers generating a thrust substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the shell.

Le balourd peut être obtenu par addition dissymétrique de matière sur la surface externe de l'obus, par au moins un évidement pratiqué dans l'épaisseur du corps de l'obus, par un déport parallèle ou angulaire de l'axe longitudinal de la cavité par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de l'obus.The unbalance can be obtained by asymmetrical addition of material on the external surface of the shell, by at least one recess made in the thickness of the body of the shell, by a parallel or angular offset of the longitudinal axis of the cavity relative to the longitudinal axis of the shell.

L'évidement peut communiquer avec la cavité centrale.The recess can communicate with the central cavity.

L'obus peut comporter une partie ogivale suivie d'une partie sensiblement cylindrique et deux ouies pratiquées symétriquement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de l'obus au niveau de la partie ogivale.The shell may include an ogival part followed by a substantially cylindrical part and two openings made symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shell at the level of the ogival part.

L'obus peut comprendre à l'avant un trou borgne pour la fixation d'une fusée et pour recevoir une composition de marquage.The shell may include at the front a blind hole for fixing a rocket and for receiving a marking composition.

Un avantage de l'invention réside dans le fait que l'obus d'exercice peut être fabriqué à un prix nettement moins élevé que les obus réels, par des opérations classiques de moulage quel que soit le mode de réalisation. Il en résulte que l'on peut utiliser n'importe quel métal moins noble que l'acier par exemple des aciers doux de basses caractéristiques Du la fonte.An advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the practice shell can be manufactured at a price considerably lower than the actual shell, by conventional molding operations whatever the embodiment. As a result, any less noble metal than steel can be used, for example mild steels with low characteristics of cast iron.

On évite ainsi les opérations classiques de forgeage et d'ogivage que l'on doit mettre en oeuvre lors de la fabrication des obus.This avoids the conventional operations of forging and warping that must be implemented during the manufacture of shells.

Lorsque l'cbus d'exercice selon l'invention comporte une ou plusieurs ouies latérales, on peut plus facilement enlever le noyau central mis en place pendant l'opération de moulage pour réaliser la cavité. On crée par là-mème une hétérogénéité dynamique au niveau des moments d'inertie et une hétérogénéité d'écoulement au niveau des forces aerodynamiques.When the exercise bus according to the invention comprises one or more lateral openings, it is easier to remove the central core put in place during the molding operation to produce the cavity. We thereby create a dynamic heterogeneity at the level of the moments of inertia and a flow heterogeneity at the level of the aerodynamic forces.

D'autres avantages de l'invention seront mieux compris à l'aidu du complément de description qui va cuivre de modes de réalisation donnés à titre d'illustration en relation avec des dessins dans lesqucls :

  • Les figures 1 à 7 représentent divers modes de réalisation de l'obus selon l'invention, comprenant une partie ogivale terminée à l'avant par une coiffe et prolongée à l'arrière par une partie sensiblement cylindrique, elle mème terminée par un sabot classique muni d'une ceinture.
  • La figure 8 représente une vue en perspective d'un autre exemple de réalisation de l'obus d'exercice.
  • La figure 9 représente une coupe longitudinale de l'obus représenté sur la figure 8 et la figure 10 une coupe suivant AA de la figure 9.
Other advantages of the invention will be better understood with the aid of the additional description which goes to copper of embodiments given by way of illustration in relation to the drawings in which:
  • Figures 1 to 7 show various embodiments of the shell according to the invention, comprising an ogival part terminated at the front by a cap and extended at the rear by a substantially cylindrical part, it even ends with a conventional shoe fitted with a belt.
  • Figure 8 shows a perspective view of another embodiment of the exercise shell.
  • FIG. 9 represents a longitudinal section of the shell shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 10 a section along AA of FIG. 9.

Sur la figure 1 on a représenté un obus d'exercice 1 comprenant une cavité centrale 2a. Un trou borgne 3 est pratiqué dans la paroi de l'obus par exemple au niveau de la partie ogivale 5. Un impulseur 4 est placé dans ce trou 3 et génère après allumage une impulsion après le lancement de l'obus pour le déstabiliser. On peut utiliser par exemple une composition pyrotechnique mise à feu après la sortie du tube du canon générant un jet de gaz ou tout autre moyen équivalent. Les dimensions de la cavité dépendent du matériau utilisé et sont ajustées de façon à faire correspondre la masse de l'obus d'exercice à celle d'un obus réel de même calibre ou non. De façon classique, l'obus peut comporter une coiffe 6 destinée à parfaire le profil aérodynamique de l'obus et à supporter des moyens de marquage du point d'impact.In Figure 1 there is shown an exercise shell 1 comprising a central cavity 2a. A blind hole 3 is made in the wall of the shell for example at the level of the ogival part 5. An impeller 4 is placed in this hole 3 and generates after ignition an impulse after the launch of the shell to destabilize it. One can use for example a pyrotechnic composition ignited after the exit of the barrel tube generating a gas jet or any other equivalent means. The dimensions of the cavity depend on the material used and are adjusted so as to match the mass of the exercise shell to that of a real shell of the same caliber or not. Conventionally, the shell may include a cap 6 intended to perfect the aerodynamic profile of the shell and to support means for marking the point of impact.

Sur la figure 2 on a représenté un obus d'exercice 7 sensiblement identique à l'obus 1 comprenant également une cavité 2b de révolution autour - de l'axe longitudinal mais muni d'un bossage externe 8 par exemple au niveau de la partie ogivale 5.FIG. 2 shows an exercise shell 7 substantially identical to shell 1 also comprising a cavity 2b of revolution around - the longitudinal axis but provided with an external boss 8 for example at the level of the ogival part 5.

Sur la figure 3 on a encore représenté un obus d'exercice 9 muni d'une cavité 10a de révolution autour de l'axe longitudinal X'DC èt dont le profil est sensiblement identique au profil externe de l'obus. Dans l'épaisseur de l'obus, on pratique un évidement 11..FIG. 3 also shows an exercise shell 9 provided with a cavity 10a of revolution around the longitudinal axis X'DC and the profile of which is substantially identical to the external profile of the shell. In the thickness of the shell, there is a recess 11 ..

Sur la figure 4, l'obus 12 est identique à l'obus 9 mais l'évidement 11a communique avec la cavité lOb.In FIG. 4, the shell 12 is identical to the shell 9 but the recess 11a communicates with the cavity 10b.

Sur la figure 5, l'obus 13 comprend une cavité 14 interrompue au niveau de la partie ogivale 15; un évidement 16 est pratique dans l'épaisseur du corps de l'obus 13 par exemple au niveau de la partie ogivale.In FIG. 5, the shell 13 comprises a cavity 14 interrupted at the level of the ogival part 15; a recess 16 is practical in the thickness of the body of the shell 13, for example at the level of the ogival part.

Sur la figure 6, l'obus 17 comprend une cavité 18 de révolution autour de l'axe y'y. Cet axe y'y est déponté parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal x'a de l'cbus. 11 s'ensuit que l'cpaisseur a de la parol 19 est inférieure à l'épaisseur b de la paroi 20, créant ainsi un lalourd dyamique.In FIG. 6, the shell 17 comprises a cavity 18 of revolution around the axis y'y. This axis y'y is offset parallel to the longitudinal axis x'a of the bus. It follows that the thickness a of the floor 19 is less than the thickness b of the wall 20, thus creating a heavy weight.

Sur la figure 7, l'obus 21 comprend une cavité 22 de revolution autour de l'axe y'y. Cet axe est décalé d'un andle α par rapport à l'axe longitudinal χ'χ de l'obus.In Figure 7, the shell 21 includes a cavity 22 of revolution around the axis y'y. This axis is offset by an andle α relative to the longitudinal axis χ'χ of the shell.

Pour réaliser les cavités 2a,2b,10a,10b,14,18 et 22 on réalise lors du moulage un noyau que l'on met en place a l'aide d'inserts. Ce noyau est enlevé soit par l'intermédiaire du canal pratiqué au niveau du culot deTo make the cavities 2a, 2b, 10a, 10b, 14, 18 and 22, a core is produced during molding which is put in place using inserts. This core is removed either through the channel made at the level of the base of

avant le l'obus, soit soudage de la partie avant avec la partie arrière, le plan de soudage perpendiculaire à l'axe χ'χ se situant au niveau de ladite cavité.before the shell, or welding of the front part with the rear part, the welding plane perpendicular to the axis χ'χ being located at said cavity.

Sur la figure 8, on a représenté un obus d'exercice 23 conforme à l'invention comprenant un corps 24 constitué d'une partie tronconique 25a terminée par une coiffe 26 et prolongée par une partie 25b sensiblement cylindrique. La coiffe 26 peut être munie d'un détonateur pour amorcer une composition de signalisation. La partie 25b porte classiquement une ceinture 25c de prise de rayure. Sur cette figure, on voit encore deux ouies latérales 27 et 28 en forme de trapèze dont les angles sont arrondis.In Figure 8, there is shown an exercise shell 23 according to the invention comprising a body 24 consisting of a frustoconical part 25a terminated by a cap 26 and extended by a substantially cylindrical part 25b. The cover 26 percent had to be fitted with a detonator to initiate a signaling composition. The part 25b conventionally carries a stripe belt 25c. In this figure, we can still see two lateral openings 27 and 28 in the shape of a trapezoid whose angles are rounded.

Sur la figure 9, on a représenté en coupe longitudinale le corps 24 de l'obus obtenu par moulage. on voit la chambre interne 29 qui s'étend depuis le fond 30 d'un trou de bouche 31 jusqu'au fond 32 du culot 33 s'ouvrant à l'arrière du corps 24. La cavité 29 présente sur le dessin une forme sensiblement cylindrique et une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe x'x de l'obus. Les deux ouies 27 et 28 sont pratiquées au niveau de la partie tronconique 25a symétriquement par rapport à l'axe x'x Toutefois, les deux ouies peuvent être placées de façon dissymétrique par rapport à cet axe.In Figure 9, there is shown in longitudinal section the body 24 of the shell obtained by molding. we see the internal chamber 29 which extends from the bottom 30 of a mouth hole 31 to the bottom 32 of the base 33 opening at the rear of the body 24. The cavity 29 has in the drawing a shape substantially cylindrical and a symmetry of revolution around the x'x axis of the shell. The two openings 27 and 28 are made at the frustoconical part 25a symmetrically with respect to the axis x'x However, the two openings can be placed asymmetrically with respect to this axis.

Chaque ouie peut être de dimensions variables; cependant, leur longueur peut être comprise entre environ 1/5 et 3/5 de la longueur de la cavité. Avan- tageusement, cette longueur est égale sensiblement à la moitié de celle de la cavité. On s'arrange de façon telle pour que la mise en place du noyau central lors du moulage soit réalisée par des bras supports donnant naissance aux ouies.Each hole can be of variable dimensions; however, their length can be between about 1/5 and 3/5 of the length of the cavity. A van- tageusement, this length is substantially equal to half that of the cavity. It is arranged in such a way that the establishment of the central core during molding is carried out by support arms giving birth to the gills.

A titre d'exemple, on a réalisé un corps d'obus de 155 mm présentant les caractéristiques suivantes :

  • - corps en acier à basses caractéristiques
  • - masse 43,25 kg
  • - longueur totale : 769 mm
  • - longueur partie 25a : 407 mm
  • - profondeur trou de bouche : 127 mm
  • - épaisseur fond du trou de bouche : 21 mm
  • - longueur chamber 39 : 421 mm
  • - largeur chambre 29: 92 mm
  • - épaisseur fond cavité 29 : 23 mm
  • - profondeur cavité 29 : 177 mm
  • - épaisseur paroi corps 24 : 30 mm
  • - moments d'inertie : IC = 0,156 kg m2 IA = 1,704 kg m2
By way of example, a 155 mm shell body was produced having the following characteristics:
  • - steel body with low characteristics
  • - mass 43.25 kg
  • - total length: 769 mm
  • - part length 25a: 407 mm
  • - mouth hole depth: 127 mm
  • - bottom thickness of the mouth hole: 21 mm
  • - chamber length 39: 421 mm
  • - chamber width 29: 92 mm
  • - cavity bottom thickness 29: 23 mm
  • - cavity depth 29: 177 mm
  • - body wall thickness 24: 30 mm
  • - moments of inertia: I C = 0.156 kg m2 I A = 1.704 kg m2

IC désigne le moment d'inertie par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du projectile.I C designates the moment of inertia with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projectile.

1A désigne le moment d'inertie par rapport à un axe quelconque passant par le centre de gravité et perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du projectile.1A designates the moment of inertia with respect to any axis passing through the center of gravity and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the projectile.

Pour un obus de guerre de même calibre et de même longueur, obtient les valeurs respectives suivantes des moments d'inertie :

  • IC = 0,155 kg m2
  • IA = 1,65 kg m2
For a war shell of the same caliber and the same length, obtains the following respective moments of inertia values:
  • I C = 0.155 kg m2
  • I A = 1.65 kg m2

Un tel obus d'exercice a une dispersion supérieure, à portée réduite (10 Km ), à celle de l'obus de guerre corraspondant tiré à 23 km.Such an exercise shell has a greater dispersion, at reduced range (10 km), than that of the corrasponding war shell fired at 23 km.

Le marquage de l'impact peut être assuré par un comprimé de naphtalène-tolite de 150g placé dans le trou de bouche. Enfin, les opérations de chargement, de tir et d'observation sont identiques à celle effectuées avec un obus de guerre. On voit donc qu'un tel obus d'exercice permet au tireur d'effectuer aisément des corrections de manipulation.The impact marking can be ensured by a 150g naphthalene-tolite tablet placed in the mouth hole. Finally, the loading, firing and observation operations are identical to that carried out with a war shell. It can therefore be seen that such an exercise shell allows the shooter to easily carry out handling corrections.

On notera dans la présente description que l'homme de l'art déterminera de façon connue la valeur de l'impulsion à générer, la quantité de matière correspondant au bossage ou à l'évidement en fonction des caractéristiques du projectile et de la porté compatible avec les dimensions du champ de tir.It will be noted in the present description that a person skilled in the art will determine in a known manner the value of the pulse to be generated, the quantity of material corresponding to the boss or to the recess as a function of the characteristics of the projectile and of the compatible range. with the dimensions of the shooting range.

Claims (8)

1 - Obus d'exercice, du type stabilisé en rotation, tiré à une porté réduite par rapport à la portée supérieure d'un obus de guerre de même calibre, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de déstabilisation en rotation pour lui assurer une dispersion en portée et en direction au moins égale à celle qu'aurait, à portée supérieure, l'obus de guerre correspondant d'une part, et au moins une cavité de révolution pour ajuster sa masse à celle de l'obus de guerre d'autre part, ledit obus étant obtenu par moulage.1 - Exercise shell, of the stabilized rotation type, fired at a reduced range compared to the upper range of a war shell of the same caliber, characterized in that it comprises rotation destabilization means to ensure it a dispersion in range and in direction at least equal to that which would have, at higher range, the corresponding war shell on the one hand, and at least one cavity of revolution to adjust its mass to that of the war shell on the other hand, said shell being obtained by molding. 2 - Obus d'exercice selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les moyens de déstabilisation sont constitués par des impulseurs engendrant une poussée sensiblement transversale à l'axe longitudinal de l'obus.2 - Exercise shell according to claim 1 characterized in that the destabilization means are constituted by impellers generating a thrust substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the shell. 3 - Obus d'exercice selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de déstabilisation sont constitués par un balourd.3 - Exercise shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the destabilization means are constituted by an unbalance. 4 - Obus d'exercice selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le balourd est constitué par au moins un évidement pratiqué dans l'épaisseur du corps de l'obus.4 - Exercise shell according to claim 3, characterized in that the unbalance consists of at least one recess formed in the thickness of the body of the shell. S - Obus d'exercice selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que, le balourd est obtenu par un déport parallèle ou angulaire de l'axe longitudinal de la cavité par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de l'obus.S - Exercise shell according to claim 3, characterized in that the unbalance is obtained by a parallel or angular offset from the longitudinal axis of the cavity relative to the longitudinal axis of the shell. 6 - Obus d'exercice selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'évidement communique avec la cavité centrale constituant ainsi une ouie.6 - Exercise shell according to claim 4, characterized in that the recess communicates with the central cavity thus constituting a hearing. 7 - Obus d'exercice selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une partie ogivale suivie d'une partie sensiblement cylindrique et deux ouies pratiquées symétriquement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de l'obus au niveau de la partie ogivale.7 - Exercise shell according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises an ogival part followed by a substantially cylindrical part and two openings made symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shell at the level of the ogival part . 8 - Obus d'exercice selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte à l'avant un trou borgne pour la fixation d'une fusée et pour recevoir une composition de marquage.8 - Exercise shell according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at the front a blind hole for fixing a rocket and for receiving a marking composition.
EP19830401738 1983-09-01 1983-09-01 Training projectile Expired EP0134368B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19830401738 EP0134368B1 (en) 1983-09-01 1983-09-01 Training projectile
DE8383401738T DE3376451D1 (en) 1983-09-01 1983-09-01 Training projectile

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19830401738 EP0134368B1 (en) 1983-09-01 1983-09-01 Training projectile

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EP0134368A1 true EP0134368A1 (en) 1985-03-20
EP0134368B1 EP0134368B1 (en) 1988-04-27

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2462685C1 (en) * 2011-02-15 2012-09-27 Николай Евгеньевич Староверов Multielement cartridge of staroverov (versions)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE273589C (en) * 1900-01-01
CH167543A (en) * 1932-10-12 1934-02-28 Leimbacher Fritz Artillery training projectile.
US3282214A (en) * 1964-12-14 1966-11-01 Madison H Briscoe Projectile
US3440963A (en) * 1967-08-15 1969-04-29 Peter L De Luca Dummy warhead for rocket,missile or the like
FR2155174A5 (en) * 1971-10-07 1973-05-18 Dynamit Nobel Ag
DE2160621A1 (en) * 1971-12-07 1973-06-14 Eta Corp FLOOR, IN PARTICULAR ARTILLERY OR ROCKET FLOOR
FR2286364A1 (en) * 1974-09-26 1976-04-23 France Etat Target practice ammunition for reduced length rifle range - simulates trajectory and accuracy of real ammunition of same calibre
DE3045129A1 (en) * 1980-11-29 1982-06-09 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Practice projectile braked in flight - has nose recess containing metal melted by friction and compressed gas

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE273589C (en) * 1900-01-01
CH167543A (en) * 1932-10-12 1934-02-28 Leimbacher Fritz Artillery training projectile.
US3282214A (en) * 1964-12-14 1966-11-01 Madison H Briscoe Projectile
US3440963A (en) * 1967-08-15 1969-04-29 Peter L De Luca Dummy warhead for rocket,missile or the like
FR2155174A5 (en) * 1971-10-07 1973-05-18 Dynamit Nobel Ag
DE2160621A1 (en) * 1971-12-07 1973-06-14 Eta Corp FLOOR, IN PARTICULAR ARTILLERY OR ROCKET FLOOR
FR2286364A1 (en) * 1974-09-26 1976-04-23 France Etat Target practice ammunition for reduced length rifle range - simulates trajectory and accuracy of real ammunition of same calibre
DE3045129A1 (en) * 1980-11-29 1982-06-09 Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg Practice projectile braked in flight - has nose recess containing metal melted by friction and compressed gas

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2462685C1 (en) * 2011-02-15 2012-09-27 Николай Евгеньевич Староверов Multielement cartridge of staroverov (versions)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0134368B1 (en) 1988-04-27
DE3376451D1 (en) 1988-06-01

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