EP0133633B1 - Automatischer Heizkessel für Kohle, insbesondere Fettkohle - Google Patents

Automatischer Heizkessel für Kohle, insbesondere Fettkohle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0133633B1
EP0133633B1 EP83401582A EP83401582A EP0133633B1 EP 0133633 B1 EP0133633 B1 EP 0133633B1 EP 83401582 A EP83401582 A EP 83401582A EP 83401582 A EP83401582 A EP 83401582A EP 0133633 B1 EP0133633 B1 EP 0133633B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire chamber
push
rod
combustion
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83401582A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0133633A1 (de
Inventor
Raymond Guillou-Keredan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
D'ETUDE ET DE CONSTRUCTION DE CHAUDIERES EN ACIER SECCACIER Ste
Original Assignee
D'ETUDE ET DE CONSTRUCTION DE CHAUDIERES EN ACIER SECCACIER Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by D'ETUDE ET DE CONSTRUCTION DE CHAUDIERES EN ACIER SECCACIER Ste filed Critical D'ETUDE ET DE CONSTRUCTION DE CHAUDIERES EN ACIER SECCACIER Ste
Priority to AT83401582T priority Critical patent/ATE34215T1/de
Priority to EP83401582A priority patent/EP0133633B1/de
Priority to DE8383401582T priority patent/DE3376582D1/de
Publication of EP0133633A1 publication Critical patent/EP0133633A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0133633B1 publication Critical patent/EP0133633B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B40/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber
    • F23B40/06—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber the fuel being fed along the fuel-supporting surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/005—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues using fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/06—Crowns or roofs for combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2057—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2230/00—Solid fuel fired boiler

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an automatic combustion boiler according to the preamble of the single claim.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve such a boiler and proposes to create an automatic coal-fired boiler, in particular fatty coal, making it possible to adapt the combustion according to the nature of the fuel used, with an impossibility of rising fire in the hopper.
  • the invention relates to a boiler as defined in the single claim.
  • the systematic closing of the pusher is obtained by a safety mechanism constituted by the fact that the transmission connecting rods form a compressible assembly with calibrated springs for a determined force and a reversing contactor controlling the reversal of the direction movement of the pusher as soon as the drive means exerts on the pusher a force which exceeds the threshold of the compressible assembly.
  • This means provides particularly weak protection, avoiding any risk of deformation of the control system in the event of the accidental presence of a foreign body preventing the complete closure of the pusher.
  • the operation of the two-speed extractor plays an important role in the regularity of operation of the boiler. In fact, it makes it possible to vary the extraction air flow rates to the air flow rates necessary for combustion. Thus in full operation, its flow is equivalent to that of the primary and secondary air supply fans. At the thermostatic cut-off, the primary fan being stopped, passing on the low speed, it returns to a flow rate corresponding to the secondary air fan, avoiding disturbing the combustion bed by sucking through it.
  • the boiler has an automatic ash removal formed by a trough and a conveyor screw.
  • the automatic combustion boiler in particular intended for burning solid fuels, consists of a firebox 1 supplied with fuel from a hopper 2 via a fuel supply pipe 3 emerging at the entrance of the hearth 1A.
  • the hearth block 1 is followed by an intermediate exchanger block 4 itself followed by the exchanger blocks 5A and 5B.
  • the path of the combustion gases and of the fumes passes through the fume outlet block by an extractor which sends the gases into a chimney, not shown.
  • the hearth block 1 consists of a hearth 8 with circulation of water in jackets 9, this hearth 8 is inclined downward and downstream in the direction of circulation of the fuel; it ends at its downstream part by a plate 10, connected in an articulated manner to the other parts of the hearth, so as to be able to be placed either in a pouring position, substantially inclined at 45 ° downwards, or in an inclined position more or less in the extension of the other parts of the sole or even with an opposite slope.
  • the purpose of adjusting the inclined position of this plate 10 is to speed up or slow down the flow of fuel on the hearth.
  • the hearth unit 1 comprises a dome 11 which is curved concavely to promote combustion by a reverberation effect.
  • the hearth block 1 comprises a water jacket 12 communicating with the other water shirts.
  • a volume is provided forming an anteroom 13 separating the area of action of the pusher 14 and the hearth 4 itself.
  • This anteroom 13 has a certain length and is surrounded by a water jacket 15 preventing the fuel accumulated at this location from reaching a temperature which is too high in contact with the hot gases and the adjacent fuel which is in the combustion state.
  • the fuel supply line 3 which opens at the entrance to the anteroom 13 is very cleanly detached from the front wall 16 of the water jacket surrounding the firebox 1 so as to prevent water at a relatively high temperature flowing in this
  • the pusher 14 is located at the base of the supply column 3 in front of the entrance to the anteroom 13 and the foyer. This pusher 14 is actuated in a reciprocating movement, for a number of cycles defined as a function of the operating demand of the boiler by a geared motor 18 controlling cranks 33 connected to connecting rods 36.
  • These connecting rods 36 include a safety means shown in Figure 2 and which, in the event of an obstacle preventing the forward movement of the pusher 14, triggers a safe operation consisting in controlling the return movement of the pusher as soon as the force exerted on the pusher exceeds a preset threshold. This forward and backward movement is repeated until the obstacle disappears, however with a limited number of cycles. When this limit number is reached, the safety circuit triggers an alarm requesting the intervention of service personnel.
  • a tray 21 provided with a screw 22 for receiving the ash and slag and discharging them automatically.
  • the combustion air is supplied by a fan 52 supplying the primary air, a fan 23 supplying the secondary air and the extractor 7 placed at the outlet of the exchanger before connection to the chimney.
  • This extractor 7 can operate at two extraction speeds.
  • the boiler is intended to operate in a cyclic manner, that is to say by the alternation of a combustion phase and a non-combustion phase (with simply stagnant combustion in the hearth).
  • the pusher makes several movements back and forth to introduce the amount of coal required.
  • the primary air sent by the fan 52 is distributed under the hearth 8 so as to ensure regular combustion of the fuel between the entry of the fuel into the hearth and its exit in the form of ashes.
  • the electronic circuit which has received the corresponding thermostatic signal ensures thermostatic shutdown of the boiler, an operation which takes place under the following conditions:
  • the secondary air fan 23 continues to rotate to burn the gases produced by the mass of coal on ignition on the grid and to avoid unburnt gases.
  • the extractor 7 and the secondary fan 23 in turn stop.
  • the boiler is then stopped until the future demand for heat.
  • Figure 2 shows the rod-crank-pusher assembly with the means of protection of the thrust system against your overload of efforts.
  • the assembly consists of two plates 31 comprising eccentric axes 32 mounted integrally on the axis 60 of the gearbox outlet, connected by cranks 33 of adjustable length on connecting rods 34, with an articulation 35 trapped in guides forming arms of thrust 36 of the calibrated springs 37, the whole being mounted in position by means of the key 38 allowing a displacement tolerance of 2 mm.
  • a contact 39 is positioned as a function of the thrust force requested, at a given distance from the stop 40.
  • the device described above operates under the following conditions:
  • the pusher 14 encounters an obstacle 50 constituted by a foreign body preventing its closing, the spring is compressed and the stop 40 pressing on the contact 39 causes the rotation of the actuation system to reverse. pusher, thus avoiding damage to the connecting rods or the thrust member.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Claims (1)

  1. Heizkessel für automatische Feuerung, insbesondere für sogenannte "fette" Festbrennstoffe, mit einem Feuerraum-Block (1), der durch einen Speisetrichter (2) gespeist wird, mit mindestens einem Wärmetauscher-Block (5A, 5B) und einem zwischen dem Feuerraum-Block (1) und dem Wärmetauscher-Block (5A, 5B) angeordneten Feuerraum-Wärmetauscher-Zwischenblock (4), wobei der einstellbar gespeiste Heizkessel in Abhängigkeit vom Wärmebedarf der Heizungsanlage arbeitet und der Feuerraum-Block (1) eine geneigte Herdsohle (8) mit Wasserumlauf enthält, die mit Primärluft-Durchtrittsöffnungen versehen ist und an ihrem einem Aschenkasten entgegengesetzten Ende, welches den Brennstoff aus dem Speisetrichter (2) über eine Speiserinne (3) aufnimmt, einen Schieber (14) aufweist, der sich geradlinig hin- und herbewegt und die Kohle auf die Herdsohle (8) fördert und dabei gleichzeitig die Speiseöffnung des Feuerraums (4) verschießt, und wobei der obere Teil und die Seitenwände des Feuerraum-Blocks (1) durch eine Kuppel (11) aus feuerfestem Material gebildet sind, welche den Brennraum eng umgibt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    a) die Speiserinne (3) für den Brennstoff vom Feuerraum-Block (1) getrennt ist;
    b) daß der Eintritt für den durch den Schieber (14) geförderten Brennstoff mit dem Feuerraum durch einen Raum verbunden ist, der eine Vorkammer (13) für den Feuerraum-Block (1) bildet und in welchem keine Verbrennung stattfindet, wobei der die Vorkammer (13) bildende Raum von einem Wasserkühlmantel umgeben ist;
    c) daß die Herdsohle (8) des Feuerraum-Blocks (1) am unteren Ende durch eine Platte (10) abgeschlossen ist, welche mit dem übrigen Teil der Herdsohle (8) gelenkartig verbunden und in ihrer Neigung verstellbar ist, so daß sie eine Regelung des dem Vorwandern des Verbrennungsbetts entgegengebrachten Widerstands ermöglicht;
    d) daß die Kuppel (11) die Form eines bogenartigen Gewölbes aufweist;
    e) daß das Sauggebläse (7) eine Einstellmöglichkeit besitzt, die seinen Betrieb mit zwei Drehzahlen in Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Phase des Verbrennungszyklus steuert;
    f) daß die Betätigungseinrichtung (17, 18, 19) des Schiebers (14) mit einer Überlast-Schutzeinrichtung versehen ist, wobei die Schutzeinrichtung für den Schieber (14) darin besteht, daß die Schieberstange durch eine zusammendrückbare Baugruppe (36 bis 39) gebildet ist, mit einer auf eine vorgegebene Spannung geeichten Feder und einem Umschaltkontakt, welcher die Umkehr der Bewegungsrichtung des Schiebers bewirkt, sobald die Betätigungseinrichtung auf den Schieber eine Kraft ausübt, die den Schwellenwert der zusammendrückbaren Baugruppe übersteigt;
    g) und daß eine automatische Aschenabführung vorgesehen ist, die aus einem Kasten (21) und einer Förderschraube (22) besteht.
EP83401582A 1983-07-29 1983-07-29 Automatischer Heizkessel für Kohle, insbesondere Fettkohle Expired EP0133633B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83401582T ATE34215T1 (de) 1983-07-29 1983-07-29 Automatischer heizkessel fuer kohle, insbesondere fettkohle.
EP83401582A EP0133633B1 (de) 1983-07-29 1983-07-29 Automatischer Heizkessel für Kohle, insbesondere Fettkohle
DE8383401582T DE3376582D1 (en) 1983-07-29 1983-07-29 Automatic boiler for coal, particularly fat coal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP83401582A EP0133633B1 (de) 1983-07-29 1983-07-29 Automatischer Heizkessel für Kohle, insbesondere Fettkohle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0133633A1 EP0133633A1 (de) 1985-03-06
EP0133633B1 true EP0133633B1 (de) 1988-05-11

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ID=8191430

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83401582A Expired EP0133633B1 (de) 1983-07-29 1983-07-29 Automatischer Heizkessel für Kohle, insbesondere Fettkohle

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0133633B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE34215T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3376582D1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111156538A (zh) * 2020-02-28 2020-05-15 江华 一种燃煤锅炉改造为生物质燃料锅炉的方法

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2580382B1 (fr) * 1985-04-11 1989-12-08 Seccacier Chaudiere, notamment pour combustibles gras, comportant un organe d'etranglement de la masse de charbon en ignition sur la grille
FI123996B (fi) * 2009-08-20 2014-01-31 Jorma Mustakoski Polttolaitos kiinteää biopolttoainetta varten
CN104949155A (zh) * 2015-06-29 2015-09-30 王明 一种推料结构及具有推料结构的炉灶
CN106091379B (zh) * 2016-07-27 2021-11-26 孙杰民 一种煤粉燃烧产生热气与水交换的燃烧机组
CN114060833A (zh) * 2021-11-07 2022-02-18 华能国际电力股份有限公司丹东电厂 具有柔性双套管密封结构的锅炉排渣系统

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR540087A (fr) * 1921-08-31 1922-07-05 B F Sturtevant Co Perfectionnements apportés au mécanisme d'alimentation en combustible des chauffeurs à arrivée par le bas
AT105884B (de) * 1924-07-28 1927-03-10 Hugo Bauer Vorschubfeuerung.
CH175292A (fr) * 1933-03-30 1935-02-28 Naamlooze Vennootschap Verwarm Dispositif de chauffe avec grille, à combustibles solides et à chargement automatique de la grille.
FR1165314A (fr) * 1957-01-25 1958-10-21 Chaudière perfectionnée
CH402335A (fr) * 1962-07-06 1965-11-15 Seccacier Chaudière pour installation de chauffage central et production d'eau chaude
FR1370041A (fr) * 1963-06-11 1964-08-21 Procédé pour la combustion notamment de charbons gras agglutinants, dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du présent procédé ainsi que les chaudières pourvues de ce dispositif
FR2487483A1 (fr) * 1980-07-24 1982-01-29 Etude Const Chaudieres En Acie Chaudiere de combustion automatique, notamment pour des combustibles solides dits gras
US4474117A (en) * 1981-04-28 1984-10-02 Paul Marollaud Boiler using a solid granulated fuel
DE8128474U1 (de) * 1981-09-29 1982-04-01 Hofmeier, Walter, 4530 Ibbenbüren Zentralheizungskessel fuer festbrennstoffe, insbesondere fuer braunkohle

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111156538A (zh) * 2020-02-28 2020-05-15 江华 一种燃煤锅炉改造为生物质燃料锅炉的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE34215T1 (de) 1988-05-15
DE3376582D1 (en) 1988-06-16
EP0133633A1 (de) 1985-03-06

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