EP0132012B1 - Mowing machine - Google Patents

Mowing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0132012B1
EP0132012B1 EP84201031A EP84201031A EP0132012B1 EP 0132012 B1 EP0132012 B1 EP 0132012B1 EP 84201031 A EP84201031 A EP 84201031A EP 84201031 A EP84201031 A EP 84201031A EP 0132012 B1 EP0132012 B1 EP 0132012B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mowing
drums
cutting blades
members
diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84201031A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0132012A1 (en
Inventor
Petrus Wilhelmus Zweegers
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT84201031T priority Critical patent/ATE24990T1/en
Publication of EP0132012A1 publication Critical patent/EP0132012A1/en
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Publication of EP0132012B1 publication Critical patent/EP0132012B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
    • A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
    • A01D34/63—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis
    • A01D34/64—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis mounted on a vehicle, e.g. a tractor, or drawn by an animal or a vehicle
    • A01D34/66—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a vertical axis mounted on a vehicle, e.g. a tractor, or drawn by an animal or a vehicle with two or more cutters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mower with a frame and at least four mowing elements which can be rotated about upward axes of rotation and which are each provided with cutting blades and drums arranged above these cutting blades, the drive of the mowing elements being such that adjacent drums rotate in opposite directions during operation.
  • the mowing elements are of identical design, which means that the ends of the cutting knives describe circles of the same diameter during operation, while the drums all have the same cross section.
  • the cut crop is guided between the drums of counter-rotating mowing elements to the rear and placed behind the mower in a swath, the width of which approximately corresponds to the distance between the mutually facing sides of the drums of the outer mowing elements.
  • the width of this swath can be reduced somewhat.
  • the width of a swath formed in this way can be so large, especially if the mower is attached to the front of a tractor, and thus forms a so-called front mower, that the disadvantage arises that the tractor wheels are inevitably over the Drive cut crops, which is of course undesirable.
  • the width of the swath to be picked up must not be too large.
  • the invention aims to provide a mower of the type mentioned above, by means of which the crop can be laid down in the form of a swath which is narrower than the usual swaths formed in such mowers.
  • this can be achieved in that the diameters of the circles described by the ends of the cutting blades of the outer mowing elements during operation are larger than those of the intermediate mowing elements.
  • the mower shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 contains an elongated support beam 1, with which four mowing elements 2 to 5 located below this support beam are connected.
  • the mowing elements are constructed in the usual way and are provided with a drum, as well as with an annular collar adjoining the lower end of the drum, to which cutting knives are fastened, and with a support bowl located under the collar.
  • the drums 6 of the two outer mowing elements 2 and 5 have a considerably larger cross section than the two drums 7 of the inner mowing elements 3 and 4. Accordingly, the outer diameters of the ring collars 9 which support the knives 8 of the outer mowing elements are considerable Larger than the outer diameter of the ring collar 11 supporting the knives 10 of the inner drums 3 and 4.
  • the diameter of the circle described by the free ends of the cutting knives 10 of the inner mowing elements is approximately half the diameter of that of the ends of the cutting knives 8 of the outer cutting elements 2 and 5.
  • the size of the drum cross-section is adapted.
  • the cutting elements also have appropriate support bowls 12 according to their size.
  • the mowing organs can be driven in the usual way by a transmission mechanism accommodated in the hollow beam 1 in such a way that adjacent mowing organs rotate in opposite directions, which is indicated by arrows in FIG. 2.
  • the mower is provided in the usual way with means, not shown, for coupling the mower to an agricultural tractor or the like, and with means by which the mowing elements can be driven by the transmission mechanism located in the hollow beam 1 from the power take-off shaft of a tractor or the like.
  • the device is particularly well suited for coupling to the front of a tractor or the like, for which purpose appropriate coupling elements are of course connected to the frame part 1 in order to fasten the mower to the front of the tractor such that one is centered between the central mowing elements 3 and 4 lying, perpendicular to the support beam 1, coincides with the longitudinal median plane of the tractor, in operation the device is moved in the direction of arrow A, the cut crop between the adjacent drums 6 and 7 being moved backwards and at this point in a swath is laid down, the width of which is indicated by line C.
  • the outer mowing organs have a considerably larger diameter than the intermediate mowing organs, these outer mowing organs will move the crop over a greater distance in the direction of the center of the machine than in a conventional arrangement in which the line X indicated mowing width with four mowing elements of the same diameter will be deleted. Therefore, when using the construction according to the invention with the same mowing width X, the width C of the swath formed is smaller than the width of the swath formed by means of a conventional mowing device.
  • FIG. 3 also shows schematically that the swath width can be reduced even further if 6 swath boards 13 or swath wheels are arranged near the outer mowing drum.
  • the support bowls 12 of the outer mowing elements are preferably adjustable in height in order to adjust the mowing height. These large support bowls can jointly and safely support the device, so that no adjustable bowls are required for the drums in between.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Outside Dividers And Delivering Mechanisms For Harvesters (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

The machine is designed to be mounted on the front of a tractor. It has a row of at least four rotors mounted with their axes vertical and with adjacent rotors rotating in opposite directions. The blade tip diameter of the two outer rotors (9) is greater than that of the two inner rotors (11). Deflector drums (6,7) mounted above the blades of the outer rotors control the width of the swath. Typically the outer rotor dia. is twice that of the inner rotors.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Mähmaschine mit einem Gestell und mindestens vier um aufwärts gerichtete Drehachsen drehbaren Mähorganen, die je für sich mit Schneidmessern und über diesen Schneidmessern angeordneten Trommeln versehen sind, wobei der Antrieb der Mähorgane derart ist, dass im Betrieb benachbarte Trommeln sich gegensinnig drehen.The invention relates to a mower with a frame and at least four mowing elements which can be rotated about upward axes of rotation and which are each provided with cutting blades and drums arranged above these cutting blades, the drive of the mowing elements being such that adjacent drums rotate in opposite directions during operation.

Bei solchen seit vielen Jahren allgemein üblichen Mähmaschinen sind die Mähorgane identisch ausgebildet, was bedeutet, dass die Enden der Schneidmesser im Betrieb Kreise gleichen Durchmesser beschreiben, während die Trommeln alle den gleichen Querschnitt aufweisen. Das geschnittene Erntegut wird dabei zwischen den Trommeln sich gegensinnig drehender Mähorgane nach hinten geführt und hinter der Mähmaschine in einem Schwaden hingelegt, dessen Breite annähernd dem Abstand zwischen den einander zugewandten Seiten der Trommeln der äusseren Mähorgane entspricht. Bei Verwendung hinter den Trommeln angeordneter Schwadbretter kann die Breite dieses Schwadens etwas verringert werden. Bei Verwendung von Mähmaschinen mit grosser Arbeitsbreite kann jedoch die Breite eines in dieser Weise gebildeten Schwadens so gross sein, insbesondere wenn die Mähmaschine vorne an einem Schlepper angebracht ist, und also einen sogenannten Frontmäher bildet, dass der Nachteil auftritt, dass die Schlepperräder unvermeidlich über das geschnittene Erntegut hinfahren, was selbstverständlich unerwünscht ist. Auch bei Verwendung sogenannter Ladewagen, darf die Breite des aufzunehmenden Schwadens nicht zu gross sein.In such mowing machines, which have been common for many years, the mowing elements are of identical design, which means that the ends of the cutting knives describe circles of the same diameter during operation, while the drums all have the same cross section. The cut crop is guided between the drums of counter-rotating mowing elements to the rear and placed behind the mower in a swath, the width of which approximately corresponds to the distance between the mutually facing sides of the drums of the outer mowing elements. When using swath boards arranged behind the drums, the width of this swath can be reduced somewhat. When using mowers with a large working width, however, the width of a swath formed in this way can be so large, especially if the mower is attached to the front of a tractor, and thus forms a so-called front mower, that the disadvantage arises that the tractor wheels are inevitably over the Drive cut crops, which is of course undesirable. Even when using so-called loading wagons, the width of the swath to be picked up must not be too large.

Die Erfindung bezweckt, eine Mähmaschine vorerwähnter Art zu schaffen, mittels der das Erntegut in einfacher Weise in Form eines Schwadens hingelegt werden kann, der schmäler ist als die üblichen, bei solchen Mähmaschinen gebildeten Schwaden.The invention aims to provide a mower of the type mentioned above, by means of which the crop can be laid down in the form of a swath which is narrower than the usual swaths formed in such mowers.

Gemäss der Erfindung kann dies dadurch erreicht werden, dass die Durchmesser der von den Enden der Schneidmesser der äusseren Mähorgane im Betrieb beschriebenen Kreise grösser sind als die der zwischenliegenden Mähorgane.According to the invention, this can be achieved in that the diameters of the circles described by the ends of the cutting blades of the outer mowing elements during operation are larger than those of the intermediate mowing elements.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend an Hand einiger in beiliegender Zeichnung schematisch dargestellter Ausführungsformen der Konstruktion nach der Erfindung näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 schematisch eine Seitenansicht einer Mähmaschine nach der Erfindung,
  • Figur 2 schematisch einen Schnitt längs der Linie 11-11 in Fig. 1,
  • Figur 3 einen Schnitt entsprechend Fig. 2 mit Angabe einer möglichen Anordnung von Schwadbrettern.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to some embodiments of the construction according to the invention which are shown schematically in the accompanying drawing. Show it
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a side view of a mower according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically a section along the line 11-11 in FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 2, with a possible arrangement of swath boards.

Die in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellte Mähmaschine enthält einen langgestreckten Tragbalken 1, mit dem vier unter diesem Tragbalken liegende Mähorgane 2 bis 5 verbunden sind. Die Mähorgane sind in üblicher Weise aufgebaut und mit einer Trommel versehen, sowie mit einem sich an das untere Ende der Trommel anschliessenden, ringförmigen Kragen, an dem Schneidmesser befestigt sind und mit einer unter dem Kragen liegenden Stützschüssel.The mower shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 contains an elongated support beam 1, with which four mowing elements 2 to 5 located below this support beam are connected. The mowing elements are constructed in the usual way and are provided with a drum, as well as with an annular collar adjoining the lower end of the drum, to which cutting knives are fastened, and with a support bowl located under the collar.

Aus den Figuren geht hervor, dass die Trommeln 6 der beiden äusseren Mähorgane 2 und 5 einen erheblich grösseren Querschnitt aufweisen als die beiden Trommeln 7 der inneren Mähorgane 3 und 4. Dementsprechend sind die Aussendurchmesser der die Messer 8 der äusseren Mähorgane abstützenden "Ringkragen 9 erheblich grösser als die Aussendurchmesser der die Messer 10 der inneren Trommeln 3 und 4 abstützenden Ringkragen 11. In der dargestellten Ausführungsform ist der Durchmesser des von den freien Enden der Schneidmesser 10 der inneren Mähorgane beschriebenen Kreises etwa die Hälfte des Durchmessers des von den Enden der Schneidmesser 8 der äusseren Mähorgane 2 und 5 beschriebenen Kreises. Die Grösse des Trommelquerschnitts ist angepasst. Die Mähorgane haben ferner nach Grösse angemessene Stützschüsseln 12.From the figures it can be seen that the drums 6 of the two outer mowing elements 2 and 5 have a considerably larger cross section than the two drums 7 of the inner mowing elements 3 and 4. Accordingly, the outer diameters of the ring collars 9 which support the knives 8 of the outer mowing elements are considerable Larger than the outer diameter of the ring collar 11 supporting the knives 10 of the inner drums 3 and 4. In the embodiment shown, the diameter of the circle described by the free ends of the cutting knives 10 of the inner mowing elements is approximately half the diameter of that of the ends of the cutting knives 8 of the outer cutting elements 2 and 5. The size of the drum cross-section is adapted. The cutting elements also have appropriate support bowls 12 according to their size.

Die Mähorgane können in üblicher Weise durch einen im Hohlbalken 1 untergebrachten Übersetzungsmechanismus derart angetrieben werden, dass benachbarte Mähorgane sich gegensinnig drehen, was mit Pfeilen in Fig. 2 angedeutet ist. Ferner ist die Mähmaschine in üblicher Weise mit nicht dargestellten Mitteln zur Ankupplung der Mähmaschine an einem landwirtschaftlichen Schlepper oder dgl. und mit Mitteln versehen, durch die die Mähorgane durch den im Hohlbalken 1 liegenden Ubersetzungsmechanismus ab der Zapfwelle eines Schleppers oder dgl. angetrieben werden können.The mowing organs can be driven in the usual way by a transmission mechanism accommodated in the hollow beam 1 in such a way that adjacent mowing organs rotate in opposite directions, which is indicated by arrows in FIG. 2. Furthermore, the mower is provided in the usual way with means, not shown, for coupling the mower to an agricultural tractor or the like, and with means by which the mowing elements can be driven by the transmission mechanism located in the hollow beam 1 from the power take-off shaft of a tractor or the like.

Wie vorstehend gesagt eignet sich die Vorrichtung besonders gut zur Ankupplung an der Vorderseite eines Schleppers oder dgl., wozu selbstverständlich mit dem Gestellteil 1 angemessene Ankupplungsorgane verbunden sind, um die Mähmaschine an der Vorderseite des Schleppers derart zu befestigen, dass eine mittig zwischen den mittleren Mähorganen 3 und 4 liegende, zum Tragbalken 1 senkrechte Ebene sich mit der Längsmittelebene des Schleppers deckt, Im Betrieb wird die Vorrichtung in Richtung des Pfeils A fortbewegt, wobei das geschnittene Erntegut zwischen den benachbarten Trommeln 6 und 7 hin nach hinten versetzt und an dieser Stelle in einem Schwaden hingelegt wird, dessen Breite mit der Linie C angegeben ist.As stated above, the device is particularly well suited for coupling to the front of a tractor or the like, for which purpose appropriate coupling elements are of course connected to the frame part 1 in order to fasten the mower to the front of the tractor such that one is centered between the central mowing elements 3 and 4 lying, perpendicular to the support beam 1, coincides with the longitudinal median plane of the tractor, in operation the device is moved in the direction of arrow A, the cut crop between the adjacent drums 6 and 7 being moved backwards and at this point in a swath is laid down, the width of which is indicated by line C.

Da bei der vorstehend geschilderten Vorrichtung die äusseren Mähorgane einen beträchtlich grösseren Durchmesser haben als die zwischenliegenden Mähorgane, werden diese äusseren Mähorgane das Erntegut über einen grösseren Abstand in Richtung auf die Mitte der Maschine versetzen als bei einer üblichen Anordnung, bei der die mit der Linie X angedeutete Mähbreite mit vier Mähorganen gleichen Durchmessers bestrichen wird. Daher ist bei Verwendung der Konstruktion nach der Erfindung bei gleicher Mähbreite X die Breite C des gebildeten Schwadens kleiner als die Breite des mittels einer üblichen Mähvorrichtung gebildeten Schwadens.Since in the device described above, the outer mowing organs have a considerably larger diameter than the intermediate mowing organs, these outer mowing organs will move the crop over a greater distance in the direction of the center of the machine than in a conventional arrangement in which the line X indicated mowing width with four mowing elements of the same diameter will be deleted. Therefore, when using the construction according to the invention with the same mowing width X, the width C of the swath formed is smaller than the width of the swath formed by means of a conventional mowing device.

Fig. 3 zeigt noch schematisch, dass die Schwadbreite noch weiter verkleinert werden kann, wenn nahe den äusseren Mähtrommein 6 Schwadbretter 13 oder Schwadräder angeordnet werden.FIG. 3 also shows schematically that the swath width can be reduced even further if 6 swath boards 13 or swath wheels are arranged near the outer mowing drum.

Die Stützschüsseln 12 der äusseren Mähorgane sind vorzugsweise in der Höhenrichtung, einstellbar zur Einstellung der Mähhöhe. Diese grossen Stützschüsseln können gemeinsam unbedenklich die Vorrichtung abstützen, so dass fur die zwischenliegenden Trommeln keine einstellbaren Schüsseln benötigt sind.The support bowls 12 of the outer mowing elements are preferably adjustable in height in order to adjust the mowing height. These large support bowls can jointly and safely support the device, so that no adjustable bowls are required for the drums in between.

Claims (4)

1. Mowing machine having a frame and at least four mowing members which are mounted to rotate about upwardly directed rotary shafts and which are each provided with cutting blades and drums above these cutting blades, whereby the drive of the mowing members is such that in operation adjacent drums rotate in opposite directions, characterised in that the diameters of the circles described by the ends of the cutting blades of the outer mowing members when in operation are larger than those of the intermediate mowing members.
2. Mowing machine as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the cross-sections of the drums of the outer mowing members are larger than those of the intermediate mowing members.
3. Mowing machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the diameter of a circle described by the ends of the cutting blades of an outer mowing member is approximately double the diameter of the circle described by the ends of the cutting blades of an intermediate mowing member.
4. Mowing machine as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the diameter or the largest and smallest central line of an outer drum is approximately equal to double the diameter or the largest and smallest central line of the drum of a mowing member lying between the outer mowing members or is larger than it.
EP84201031A 1983-07-16 1984-07-12 Mowing machine Expired EP0132012B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84201031T ATE24990T1 (en) 1983-07-16 1984-07-12 MOWER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8302556A NL8302556A (en) 1983-07-16 1983-07-16 MOWER.
NL8302556 1983-07-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0132012A1 EP0132012A1 (en) 1985-01-23
EP0132012B1 true EP0132012B1 (en) 1987-01-21

Family

ID=19842173

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84201031A Expired EP0132012B1 (en) 1983-07-16 1984-07-12 Mowing machine

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US4686818A (en)
EP (1) EP0132012B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6041411A (en)
AT (1) ATE24990T1 (en)
AU (1) AU564418B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1227341A (en)
CS (1) CS252475B2 (en)
DD (1) DD221053A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3462084D1 (en)
HU (1) HU193688B (en)
IE (1) IE55540B1 (en)
NL (1) NL8302556A (en)
NZ (1) NZ208889A (en)
SU (1) SU1436854A3 (en)
YU (1) YU45191B (en)
ZA (1) ZA845169B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0188682A1 (en) * 1985-01-15 1986-07-30 GREENLAND GMBH & CO. KG Rotary mower
NL1009532C2 (en) 1998-07-01 2000-01-07 Greenland Geldrop Bv Mower.

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29517559U1 (en) * 1995-11-06 1996-01-25 H. Niemeyer Söhne GmbH & Co KG, 48477 Hörstel Disc mower
FR2830167B1 (en) * 2001-10-03 2004-07-30 Kuhn Sa AGRICULTURAL MACHINE, ESPECIALLY OF THE ROTARY MOWER TYPE, INCLUDING AN IMPROVED CUTTING DEVICE
RU2564393C1 (en) * 2014-05-08 2015-09-27 Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт кормов имени В.Р. Вильямса Российской академии сельскохозяйственных наук Rotary mower with fluffer

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH425311A (en) * 1965-05-18 1966-11-30 Bucher Guyer Ag Masch Mower with at least one oscillating mower blade guided on a cutter bar
NL6510352A (en) * 1965-08-10 1967-02-13
JPS4725322U (en) * 1971-04-16 1972-11-21
DE2336060A1 (en) * 1973-07-16 1975-02-06 Krone Bernhard Gmbh Maschf Vertical-axis rotor mower - frusto-conical presser rollers following rotors forming vertical intake gap
DE2524348A1 (en) * 1975-06-02 1976-12-16 Niemeyer Soehne H Tractor towed mowing machine - consists of transverse beam supporting two contra-rotating pairs of mower implements
DE2703043A1 (en) * 1977-01-26 1978-07-27 Krone Bernhard Gmbh Maschf Vertical drum rotary mower - has larger dia. outer drum which is adjustable to desired working width
DE2842015A1 (en) * 1978-09-27 1980-04-10 Fendt & Co Xaver Mowing machine with overlapping rotary cutters - has discharge guide wheels to feed grass into single central swath
DE3120209A1 (en) * 1981-05-21 1982-12-23 Friedrich Mörtl Schleppergerätebau GmbH & Co KG, 8780 Gemünden Rotary mower

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0188682A1 (en) * 1985-01-15 1986-07-30 GREENLAND GMBH & CO. KG Rotary mower
NL1009532C2 (en) 1998-07-01 2000-01-07 Greenland Geldrop Bv Mower.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4686818A (en) 1987-08-18
AU3048484A (en) 1985-01-17
HU193688B (en) 1987-11-30
NL8302556A (en) 1985-02-18
JPH0452094B2 (en) 1992-08-20
EP0132012A1 (en) 1985-01-23
YU45191B (en) 1992-05-28
NZ208889A (en) 1986-08-08
ATE24990T1 (en) 1987-02-15
JPS6041411A (en) 1985-03-05
DD221053A5 (en) 1985-04-17
SU1436854A3 (en) 1988-11-07
DE3462084D1 (en) 1987-02-26
CS252475B2 (en) 1987-09-17
AU564418B2 (en) 1987-08-13
YU122284A (en) 1987-10-31
CS541484A2 (en) 1987-01-15
ZA845169B (en) 1985-03-27
CA1227341A (en) 1987-09-29
HUT40873A (en) 1987-03-30
IE841613L (en) 1985-01-16
IE55540B1 (en) 1990-10-24

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