EP0130125B1 - Abwerfbare Mine mit Tochterladungen, insbesondere kombinierte Panzer- und Schützenmine - Google Patents

Abwerfbare Mine mit Tochterladungen, insbesondere kombinierte Panzer- und Schützenmine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0130125B1
EP0130125B1 EP84401308A EP84401308A EP0130125B1 EP 0130125 B1 EP0130125 B1 EP 0130125B1 EP 84401308 A EP84401308 A EP 84401308A EP 84401308 A EP84401308 A EP 84401308A EP 0130125 B1 EP0130125 B1 EP 0130125B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charges
munition
support
charge
ejectable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84401308A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0130125A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Robert Fauvel
Philippe Rousseau
Pierre Thebault
Daniel Van Schendel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
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Publication of EP0130125B1 publication Critical patent/EP0130125B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B23/00—Land mines ; Land torpedoes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-charge land munition, in particular a mixed anti-tank and anti-personnel munition. More particularly, the invention relates to a dispersible munition. Ammunition of this type is "sown”, that is to say thrown in bulk from a dispersal point located at a certain altitude above the ground. The ammunition then falls to the ground, possibly rolling, bouncing, ... before coming to a stop. It is then that they will be placed in the active position, that is to say armed from the pyrotechnic point of view.
  • FR-A-2 518 734 Such a structure is for example described by FR-A-2 518 734, which relates to a fixed battery of launching tubes making it possible to operate a (single) dispersion of the projectiles over an area several tens of meters wide, located at a distance drums.
  • One of the objects of the invention is to propose a munition which, once immobilized on the ground, can itself eject around a plurality of submunitions (also called hereinafter "ejectable charges,”).
  • the munition of the invention is characterized in that the load carrier is itself dispersible and has a support face turned upwards and on which the ejectable loads rest, the locking means being means specific to retaining the charges in place against this support face, and the ejection means being means capable of dispersing the ejectable charges around the charge support.
  • each load carrier is itself secured to its own (non-ejectable) load
  • a “cluster of mines can be reconstructed around each munition, for example a cluster cluster with a central anti-tank mine (the non-ejectable load ) surrounded by anti-personnel mines (each of the submunitions).
  • the constitution of mine clusters is a technique that was possible when mine dams were laid by hand, but which until now had been impossible to transpose in the case of dispersible mines, which are a priori the type of mine least suitable for forming clusters, due to their positioning and distribution which are difficult to control.
  • the ammunition according to the invention makes it possible, for example, to constitute an anti-tank barrage enhanced by an anti-personnel mine reinforcing the hardness of the obstacle put in place.
  • the ammunition is thus particularly suitable for dispersal: it is released in the closed position and opens only after impact and immobilization on the ground, if necessary after application of a time delay on opening.
  • the load support cover will only reveal the exposed face of the mine body (face which can be for example the sensitive face of an anti-tank mine) and be placed next to the ammunition body, or on the contrary will cause a complete turn of the ammunition by half a turn to give it a correct final position identical to that which would have been obtained if it had stopped at the place.
  • the opening means cooperate with the triggering means, so as to cause the release of the locking means of the ejection means and the ejection. loads as soon as the load carrier reaches the open position. The opening will therefore automatically cause the ejection charges to be expelled.
  • FIG 1 shows the ammunition body 100 capped by its cover 200, before opening.
  • the cover 200 constitutes a support for loads such as the load 300; in Figure 2 which is a top view with partial cutaway of the cover, it can be seen that these loads 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305 are six in number and are inscribed in plan in circular sectors juxtaposed, their thickness being substantially equal to that of the gap remaining, in the closed position, between the face 212 of the cover supporting the ammunition and the upper face 110 of the ammunition body.
  • the ammunition body 100 comprises an envelope, for example of synthetic material, closed by a metal plate 110 constituting the upper face (or exposed face) of the ammunition body, that is to say that this face is always turned towards the high when the mine enclosed by the ammunition body is in the active position.
  • This plate 110 has a generally concave shape, and its inner face is in direct contact with the explosive charge 130, according to a conventional structure corresponding to a plate projection mine.
  • the lower face 120 of the ammunition body which is a bearing face resting on the ground in the active position, has a generally convex shape of revolution, with an evolving external profile so as to make the balance around the position very stable. the place, that is to say exposed face 110 upwards.
  • the explosive 130 enclosed in the ammunition body is a charge explosive formed; an ignition system 140 is also provided, comprising, in addition to the pyrotechnic means for initiating the explosive, means (for example electronic) for detection, in particular for detection by influence when an armored vehicle passes.
  • the ignition device 140 is preferably programmable and activatable in energy just before the munitions are dispersed.
  • This ignition device 140 also includes means for detecting the impact of the munition on the ground, as well as delay means, triggered by these impact detector means, for delaying the arming of the pyrotechnic chain of the mine contained in the ammunition body after impact on the ground. This delay is of a duration corresponding to the maximum foreseeable duration before complete immobilization. We will also see below that these delaying means are capable of delaying the opening of the munition cover.
  • the cover 200 is connected to the ammunition body 100 by an arm 230 articulated between a peripheral point 150 of the ammunition body and a point 250 of the cover.
  • This articulated arm for example formed of two elements 231, 232, is deployable so that, as will be seen later, in the open position the assembly formed by the arm and the cover maintains the exposed face of the ammunition body and the support face of the load support both in a generally horizontal orientation.
  • the cover In the closed position, the cover is locked onto the ammunition body, for example by fitting a hollow part 240 into a projecting part 111 of the exposed face 110. An explosive bolt 112 is then screwed into this part protruding to hold the cover 200 in place. After immobilization of the munition on the ground, and for example on command of the ignition and timing means 140, a charge 113 will be ignited by a detonator 114, thus causing the expulsion of the bolt 112 .
  • the submunitions 300 are for example anti-personnel mines comprising a plate explosive 320. These explosives are flexible explosives, simply protected from the weather, and provided with a very conventional ignition system comprising a striker 330 energized by a spring 340 facing a primer 350; the striker is immobilized by a stud 360 so that a slight pressure on the igniter (mine crushed at the foot or seized by hand) triggers the explosion.
  • Each of the anti-personnel mines is provided with a spring 310, for example a leaf spring (also visible in FIG. 2), one end 311 of which is secured to the mine 300, and the other end of which is held in contact and under tension against the support face of the load carrier 220.
  • a spring 310 for example a leaf spring (also visible in FIG. 2), one end 311 of which is secured to the mine 300, and the other end of which is held in contact and under tension against the support face of the load carrier 220.
  • the spring 310 is provided, in line with the igniter, an opening in which a safety pin 370 is slid, locking the striker in place, and which will be ejected when the leaf spring is released. The expulsion of ejectable charges will thus be accompanied by their simultaneous arming.
  • the loads 300 are immobilized by a disc 380 locked in position by a fork 160 inserted in a radial slot 115 of the protruding part 240 of the cover: the assembly formed by this cover and the loads that it supports will thus remain secured as long as the fork 160 is not extracted from the slot 115 - and in particular throughout the duration of the opening of the cover.
  • the extraction of the fork can for example be carried out by means of a wire 150, one end 151 of which is integral with the munition body 100 and the other end 152 is connected to the fork; the length of this wire 150 is chosen so that, for a relative position of the load support cover and the ammunition body corresponding to a complete opening, it exerts on the fork 160 a tension allowing the tearing of the latter in the direction radial, thus releasing all the ejectable charges carried by the load carrier 220.
  • the ejectable charges 300 are protected from being crushed on the one hand by the cover 220 and the metal plate 110. and on the other hand by the spring 310, which is in the upper position: this provides security against any impact that may occur as long as the ammunition is in the closed position.
  • FIG. 3 represents two positions of the ammunition immobilized on the ground, before opening: most generally, taking into account the convex shape of the bearing surface 120 and the shift of the center of gravity allowed by the crown 210 of the cover, the ammunition rests on the ground in the position shown on the right of FIG. 3, that is to say with the bearing face 120 of the ammunition body 100 actually in contact with the ground.
  • Opening means which can be mechanical means such as springs, pyrotechnic means, etc. exert on the cover a pivoting torque to move the ammunition from the closed position of FIG. 3 to a position open ( Figure 4) in which, after a pivoting of about 1/2 turn, the cover 200 rests, turned upside down, next to the munition body 100.
  • the opening of the cover only reveals the exposed face 110 of the ammunition body.
  • the dimensions of the articulated arm 230, as well as the amplitude of movement which is allowed, are chosen so that the exposed face 110 of the ammunition body is maintained in a generally horizontal orientation, just like the support face of the load support cover 200.
  • the opening means will exert on the ammunition body 100 a pivoting torque at least equal to the torque necessary to cause this overturning. ammunition body: it is then the load support cover 200 which remains in contact with the ground, and the ammunition body 100 which comes to rest, in a correct orientation, next to the cover.
  • the load support cover 200 always rests with its support face facing upwards, thus discovering the ejectable loads that it has "carried on its back".
  • a cluster comprising an anti-tank mine (enclosed in the body of ammunition 100) and six anti-personnel mines dispersed around it is reconstituted.
  • the ammunition body 100 may contain no charge; it then plays a pure mechanical role of protection and positioning of the load carrier 200.
  • the non-ejectable load can be contained in the load support 200 instead of being in the munition body 100. It is thus possible to reconstitute in the same way a mixed cluster.
  • the ammunition body 100 can be omitted, the ammunition comprising only one support 200 on which the ejectable charges rest locked in place by an appropriate means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Bodengestützte Munition mit Tochterladungen, insbesondere abwerfbare kombinierte Panzer- und Schützenmine, mit :
einem Ladungsträger (200) ;
einer Mehrzahl von nebeneinander angeordneten, auswerfbaren Ladungen (300-305) ;
einer Auswurfeinrichtung (310) für jede der Ladungen zum Auswerfen derselben mit Abstand zum Ladungsträger;
einer Einrichtung (160) zum Verriegeln der Auswurfeinrichtung ;
einer Auslöseeinrichtung (150), mit der die Freigabe der Verriegelungseinrichtung sowie das Auswerfen der Ladungen ausgelöst wird ;

dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ladungsträger ebenfalls auswerfbar ist und eine Trägerfläche (212) aufweist, die nach oben gerichtet ist und auf welcher die auswerfbaren Ladungen abgelegt sind, wobei die Verriegelungseinrichtung dazu ausgelegt ist, die Ladungen auf dieser Trägerfläche zu haltern, und wobei die Auswurfeinrichtung dazu ausgelegt ist, die auswerfbaren Ladungen rings um den Ladungsträger zu verteilen.
2. Munition nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Träger zusätzlich eine Umhüllung ausgebildet ist, die eine nichtauswerfbare Zentralladung umschließt.
3. Munition nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die auswerfbaren Ladungen Plattenladungen sind, die in die Trägerfläche überziehende Sektoren eingepaßt sind.
4. Munition nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auswurfeinrichtungen Federn (310) umfassen, die zwischen der Trägerfläche und jeder der auswerfbaren Ladungen angeordnet sind, wobei die Verriegelungseinrichtung jede Feder elastisch gespannt hält.
5. Munition nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vom Entspannen der Feder zusätzlich das Scharfmachen der zugehörigen auswerfbaren Ladung auslöst wird.
6. Munition nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Feder (310) eine Blattfeder ist, deren eines Ende (311) an der auswerfbaren Ladung befestigt ist, wobei das Entspannen der Blattfeder zum Herausziehen eines Sicherungsstifts (370) geeignet ist, der die Zündeinrichtungen (330, 340, 350, 360) der auswerfbaren Ladung verriegelt.
7. Munition nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß weiterhin vorgesehen sind :
ein Munitionskörper (100), der eine Abstützfläche (120) sowie eine Beaufschlagungsfläche aufweist, die nach oben weist, wenn die Mine in geöffneter Stellung auf dem Boden abgelegt ist, wobei dieser Munitionskörper in geschlossener Stellung vom Ladungsträger bedeckt ist, der mit seiner Trägerfläche gegen die Beaufschlagungsfläche der Munition gekehrt ist,
ein Gelenk (230) vom Ladungsträger zum Munitionskörper an einem Umfangspunkt des Munitionskörpers, wobei die Verriegelungseinrichtung den Ladungsträger geschlossen auf dem Munitionskörper haltert,
eine Öffnungseinrichtung, mit der auf den Ladungsträger beim Lösen der Verriegelung ein Schwenkmoment ausgeübt wird, um den Ladungsträger von der geschlossenen in eine geöffnete Stellung zu überführen, in welcher, nach einer Schwenkung um etwa die Hälfte, der Ladungsträger mit seiner Trägerfläche nach oben gekehrt neben dem Munitionsträger zu liegen kommt, wobei das Schwenkmoment zumindest dem Moment entspricht, das zum Auslösen eines Umdrehens des Munitionskörpers notwendig ist, wenn dieser vor dem Öffnen mit seiner Beaufschlagungsfläche nach unten gerichtet abgelegt ist.
8. Munition nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Munitionskörper zusätzlich eine nicht auswerfbare Zentralladung (130) umschließt.
9. Munition nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnungseinrichtung mit der Auslöseeinrichtung derart zusammenwirkt, daß die Freigabe der Verriegelungseinrichtung der Auswurfeinrichtung und das Auswerfen der Ladungen ausgelöst werden, sobald der Ladungsträger die geöffnete Stellung erreicht.
10. Munition nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verriegelungseinrichtung der auswerfbaren Ladungen eine zentrale Gabel (160) umfaßt, die in einen Radialschlitz (115) des Ladungsträgers eingesetzt ist und sämtliche auswerfbaren Ladungen axial blockiert, und daß die Verriegelungseinrichtung einen Faser (150) umfaßt, welcher die Gabel mit einem Punkt des Munitionskörpers verbindet, wobei die Länge dieses Fadens derart gewählt ist, daß der Faden bei einer der vollständigen Öffnung entsprechenden Stellung des Ladungsträgers und des Munitionskörpers auf die Gabel eine Spannung ausübt, die deren Aufreißen in radialer Richtung erlaubt, wodurch die auswerfbaren Ladungen zum Auswerfen freigegeben werden.
11. Munition nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die auswerfbaren Ladungen Plattenladungen sind, welche an die Form der die Stützfläche überziehenden Sektoren angepaßt sind, und deren Stärke im wesentlichen dem Zwischenraum entspricht, der in geschlossener Stellung zwischen der Beaufschlagungsfläche des Munitionskörpers und der Trägerfläche des Ladungsträgers verbleibt.
12. Munition nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch eine zusätzliche Einrichtung zum Erfühlen des Aufschlagens der Munition auf dem Boden sowie eine von dieser Aufschlagfühleinrichtung angesteuerte Verzögerungseinrichtung, die dazu geeignet ist, das Ingangsetzen der Auslöseeinrichtung nach dem Aufschlag auf dem Boden zu verzögern.
EP84401308A 1983-06-27 1984-06-22 Abwerfbare Mine mit Tochterladungen, insbesondere kombinierte Panzer- und Schützenmine Expired EP0130125B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8310572 1983-06-27
FR8310572A FR2547912B1 (fr) 1983-06-27 1983-06-27 Munition a charges multiples, notamment mine dispersable mixte antichar et antipersonnel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0130125A1 EP0130125A1 (de) 1985-01-02
EP0130125B1 true EP0130125B1 (de) 1987-12-02

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EP84401308A Expired EP0130125B1 (de) 1983-06-27 1984-06-22 Abwerfbare Mine mit Tochterladungen, insbesondere kombinierte Panzer- und Schützenmine

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US (1) US4580500A (de)
EP (1) EP0130125B1 (de)
CA (1) CA1222657A (de)
DE (1) DE3467928D1 (de)
ES (1) ES533710A0 (de)
FR (1) FR2547912B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4796536A (en) * 1987-06-23 1989-01-10 Acurex Corporation Chaff dispenser system
FR2640372B1 (fr) * 1988-12-08 1993-10-15 Lacroix Tous Artifices Sa Munition d'interdiction de zone et projectile equipe
US9032878B1 (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-05-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Obscurant generating, ground-based, networked munition

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2323561A (en) * 1941-01-27 1943-07-06 Phil F Newman Means for destroying aircraft
FR2071271A5 (en) * 1969-12-23 1971-09-17 Serat Parachute anti-tank mine - with braking surfaces
FR2448708B1 (fr) * 1972-02-11 1985-06-14 France Etat Mine a charge formee
DE2530616A1 (de) * 1975-07-09 1979-09-27 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Seegrundmine
FR2475716B2 (fr) * 1980-02-11 1985-11-29 France Etat Mine dispersable bidirectionnelle a charge formee
FR2518734A1 (fr) * 1981-12-22 1983-06-24 France Etat Systeme de defense de zone a effet de saturation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8503434A1 (es) 1985-03-01
ES533710A0 (es) 1985-03-01
DE3467928D1 (en) 1988-01-14
US4580500A (en) 1986-04-08
FR2547912A1 (fr) 1984-12-28
CA1222657A (en) 1987-06-09
FR2547912B1 (fr) 1985-12-13
EP0130125A1 (de) 1985-01-02

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