EP0126046B1 - Procédé de l'ancrage, dispositif et appareil de l'ancrage - Google Patents

Procédé de l'ancrage, dispositif et appareil de l'ancrage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0126046B1
EP0126046B1 EP84850123A EP84850123A EP0126046B1 EP 0126046 B1 EP0126046 B1 EP 0126046B1 EP 84850123 A EP84850123 A EP 84850123A EP 84850123 A EP84850123 A EP 84850123A EP 0126046 B1 EP0126046 B1 EP 0126046B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grout
borehole
nozzle
cylinder
conduit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84850123A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0126046A1 (fr
Inventor
Signar Edvin Alexis Lundmark
Karl Enar Persson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Copco AB
Original Assignee
Atlas Copco AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Copco AB filed Critical Atlas Copco AB
Priority to AT84850123T priority Critical patent/ATE29761T1/de
Publication of EP0126046A1 publication Critical patent/EP0126046A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0126046B1 publication Critical patent/EP0126046B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of rock bolting in which a hole is drilled in the rock, a batch of bulk grout is introduced into the borehole and an anchor rod is forced into the borehole.
  • the invention relates also to a device for carrying out the introduction of grout in the borehole and a roof bolting apparatus.
  • a roof bolting apparatus which comprises a rock drill, a bolt setting machine, and a loading device for two-component resin cartridges.
  • the resin cartridges are blown into the borehole and their contents are mixed by the bolt to a hardening mass.
  • cartridges for roof bolting are described which contain a dry cement mortar and a separate compartment of water. It is also known to insert a hose to the bottom of the borehole and to pass a bulk cement grout through the hose while slowly withdrawing the hose. This method can be used with the roof bolting apparatus disclosed in US-A-4351625.
  • the rock bolting rig shown on the drawings comprises a wheeled chassis 12 on which a boom 13 is swingably mounted.
  • the boom 13 carries pivotably a feed beam 14.
  • a slide 15 is mounted on the feed beam 14 and it can be moved along the feed beam by means of a non-illustrated hydraulic feeding device in a conventional way.
  • a machine shifting device 16 is mounted on the rear end of the feed beam 14. When the slide 15 is in its rearmost position as shown in Fig. 3, a rock drill 17 which is shown in its operational position on the slide 15 can be moved off the slide 15 to the left in the figure and a bolt setter 29 can replace it on the slide 15. This lateral shifting is effected by means of a hydraulic cylinder 18.
  • the bolt setter may include a hydraulic motor so that it can rotate the bolt while forcing it into the borehole.
  • a support 19 is mounted to pivot about an axis that is parallel with the feed beam.
  • the support 19 carries a guide 20 for a drill steel 21, a nozzle 22, and a guide 23 for a rock bolt 24 of the kind shown in Fig. 5.
  • a magazine for rock bolts is indicated in Fig. 2 by reference numeral 43.
  • the bolt 24 or anchoring rod comprises a re-bar 53, a washer or plate 54, and a nut 55.
  • the drill steel guide 20 By means of a hydraulic cylinder 25, the drill steel guide 20, which is shown in its operational position, can be swung aside and the nozzle 22 and the guide 23 for the rock bolt can be alternatively swung into their operational positions in line with a borehole 26 drilled by the rock drill 17 and its drill steel 21.
  • the very front of the feed beam 14 comprises a support pad 27 of hard rubber that is arranged to be forced to take support against the rock.
  • a hose 28 couples the nozzle 22 to a cement grout supplying device 30 that is mounted on the chassis 12.
  • the cement grout supplying device 30 comprises a frame 31 mounted on the chassis 12.
  • the frame 31 includes a plate 32 and guides 33 for guiding a slide or shutter 34 on the plate 32.
  • the shutter 34 carries a cement mixer 35 with a conical housing 36 and a rotatable agitator 37 that is driven by a hydraulic motor 38 on a cover 42 of the housing 36.
  • the housing 36 forms a mixing chamber which is also a storage chamber.
  • the bottom end of the conical housing 36 is coaxial with a hole 39 in the shutter 34.
  • the agitator 37 is journalled in a spider 40 mounted in the hole 39.
  • the hose 28 is coupled to a hole 41 in the shutter 34.
  • a cylinder 45 is suspended in yoke 46 which is suspended in two bolts 47, 48.
  • Two short hydraulic jacks 49, 50 are arranged as spacers between the yoke 46 and the nuts 51, 52 on the bolts 47, 48.
  • the jacks 49, 50 are coupled to constantly bias the end face of the cylinder 45 against the slide 34 with a force that permits movement of the slide. Then, the jacks 49, 50 can be actuated to clamp the cylinder 45 against the shutter at a considerably larger force to provide for or seal that withstands high pressure.
  • the jacks 49,50 instead of using the jacks 49,50 for applying the constantly applied force on the cylinder 45, one can couple springs between the frame 31 and the yoke 46 and use the jacks 49, 50 for the clamping only.
  • a piston 60 is slidable in the cylinder 45. It has an annular piston rod 61 that slides on a piston 62. The piston rod 59 of the piston 62 is fixed to the frame 31. An annular chamber 57 under the piston 60 is washed with water supplied through a supply conduit 58.
  • a supply passage 63 for hydraulic fluid leads to a cylinder chamber 64 for urging the piston 60 upwardly in a work stroke and a supply passage 65 leads to a cylinder chamber 66 for urging the piston 60 downwardly in a return stroke.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 69 is coupled between the frame 31 and the shutter 34 and it is arranged to move the shutter 34 between three fixed positions.
  • the cement mixer 35 is coaxial with the cylinder 45.
  • the hole 41 is coaxial with the cylinder 45.
  • the conical housing 36 of the mixer 35 is open-to a hole 67 in the plate 32.
  • a hose 68 leads from the hole 67 to the ground.
  • the cement grout is prepared in the mixer 35.
  • a grout comprising only a hydraulic cement e.g., portland cement, and water is used, sometimes a cement mortar with fine sand is used.
  • the shutter 34 is first moved to its intermediate position in which the hole 41 is coaxial with the cylinder and the plate 32 forms a bottom of the cement mixer 35, and the mixer 35 is filled with dry cement or dry cement mortar and a pre- determined amount of water is added.
  • the hydraulic motor 38 is started so that the agitator 37 makes a grout out of the cement and water.
  • the shutter 34 is moved to its position in Fig.
  • the piston 60 is moved downwardly by hydraulic oil supplied to the chamber 66 through the passage 65.
  • the length of the downward return stroke can be adjusted by means of an axially adjustable sensor indicated at 70 so that the effective cylinder volume of the positive displacement pump 45, 60 can be pre- determined and a pre-determined amount of grout be supplied to the cylinder 45.
  • the shutter 34 is again moved to the left in Fig. 4 so that it forms a cylinder head provided with an outlet 41.
  • the piston 60 is actuated by hydraulic oil supplied to the chamber 64 through the passage 65 to perform an upward work stroke, that is, to force the grout in the cylinder 45 out into the hose 28.
  • the pressure in the cylinder 45 can for example be 10 Mpa and the pressure in the nozzle 22 may then be 1 Mpa.
  • the jacks 49, 50 are actuated to clamp the cylinder 45 against the shutter 34 at the same time as the cylinder chamber 66 is pressurized so that a good seal is provided between the cylinder 45 and the shutter 34. The operation is repeated until the hose 28 is filled with grout so that grout is ejected from the nozzle when the piston 60 performs a work stroke.
  • the feed beam 14 is positioned and forced against the rock, and the rock drill 17 is actuated to drill a hole in the rock.
  • the cylinder 45 is filled with grout and the shutter 34 is moved to its intermediate position in which it forms a head of the cylinder 45 as described above.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 25 is actuated to position the nozzle 22 in line with the borehole 26.
  • the nozzle 22 is then at the mouth of the borehole. It is adjacent the mouth but at a distance from the mouth as can be seen in Fig. 4. It can for example be a few centimeters from the borehole mouth or a few decimeters from it.
  • the piston 60 is actuated to force its predetermined volume of grout out into the hose 28 so that a corresponding amount of grout is ejected out of the nozzle 22 as a jet that hits the bottom of the hole.
  • the diameter of the nozzle should be smoothly reduced as shown in Fig. 4 in order to provide for a jet and not a spray.
  • the outlet diameter of the nozzle should be less than half the diameter of the borehole or less than one third thereof.
  • the borehole can have a diameter of 40 mm, the anchor rod a diameter of 30 mm and the nozzle an outlet diameter of 8 mm.
  • the amount of grout ejected should not completely fill the hole. It should be calculated to fill the space between the bolt and the borehole when the bolt has been inserted.
  • the volume of the batch of grout ejected will usually be about half the volume of the borehole.
  • the cylinder 45 and the piston 60 are so designed as to provide a sufficient volume of grout in a borehole in one shot. It is, however, also possible to make them smaller and to shoot more than once.
  • the operator adds dry cement and water to the housing 36 when the magazine 43 for bolts is empty. Then, the grout will be ready to use when he has refilled the magazine 43.
  • nozzle inside the hole instead of having the nozzle outside the borehole as described, one can have the nozzle inside the hole. It should then not be inserted too far since it must be outside the portion of the hole which is to be filled with grout. Thus, it should be outside the axial midpoint of the borehole.
  • One advantage of having the nozzle inside the borehole is that it can be designed to be guided by the borehole and thereby aligned with the borehole. However, having the nozzle in the borehole would complicate the operation. It is easier to move the nozzle laterally only, as illustrated.
  • the jet touch the borehole wall before hitting the bottom of the hole.
  • the jet fills the borehole from the bottom if its velocity when ejected is higher than about 4 m/s.
  • its velocity should be at least 6 m/s and preferably it should be between 8 and 15 m/s.
  • the bolt setting machine is actuated to force a bolt into the borehole until the plate of the bolt contacts the rock.
  • the nut 55 can be tightened.
  • the housing 36 can be cleaned when the shutter 34 is in its left end position in which the housing 36 is open to the drain off hose 68. Then, when the cleaned housing is moved back into its position of Fig. 4, water can be furnished to the housing 36 and the piston 60 can be reciprocated to clean the cylinder 45.

Claims (11)

1. Procédé d'ancrage d'une cheville dans une voûte, selon lequel un trou est foré dans le roc, une fournée de mortier liquide est introduite dans le trou de forage (26), et une tige d'ancrage (24) est poussée de force dans le trou de forage (26), procédé caractérisé en ce que la fournée de mortier liquide est éjectée par une buse (22) placée à l'embouchure du trou de forage (26), a une vitesse telle qu'elle forme un jet venant frapper le fond du trou de forage.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une quantité prédéterminée de mortier liquide est poussée de force dans un conduit rempli de mortier liquide (28) couplé à la buse (22) de façon qu'une quantité correspondante soit éjectée par la buse pour former la fournée de mortier liquide.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le mortier liquide est à la fois mesuré et poussé de force dans le conduit par une pompe à déplacement positif (45, 60).
4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il est utilisé une pompe (45, 60) munie d'un piston alternatif (60), et en ce que le volume de cylindre effectif de la pompe est utilisé pour mesurer le mortier liquide.
5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le jet est éjectée de la buse (22) à une vitesse d'au moins 4 m/s et, de préférence, d'au moins 6 m/s.
6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que de l'eau est projetée sur la tige d'ancrage (24) pendant que cette tige d'ancrage est poussée de force dans le trou de forage.
7. Procédé d'ancrage d'une cheville dans une voûte, selon lequel un trou est foré dans le roc, une fournée de mortier liquide est introduite dans le trou de forage (26), et une tige d'ancrage (24) est poussée de force dans le trou de forage (26), procédé caractérisé en ce que la fournée de mortier liquide est éjectée par une buse (22) placée dans le trou de forage (26) à l'extérieur du point milieu axial de ce trou de forage, ou placée à l'extérieur du trou de forage, la fournée de mortier liquide étant éjectée à une vitesse telle qu'elle forme un jet venant frapper le fond du trou de forage.
8. Dispositif pour introduire un mortier de ciment liquide dans un trou de forage, en utilisant le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, comprenant des moyens de stockage (35) du mortier de ciment liquide, un conduit (28) de transport du mortier liquide depuis les moyens de stockage (35) jusqu'au trou de forage (26), et des moyens (45, 60) permettant de pousser le mortier liquide dans le conduit (28), dispositif caractérisé en ce qu'une buse (22) est montée à l'extrémité du conduit (28) et en ce que les moyens permettant de pousser le mortier liquide dans le conduit, sont constitués par une pompe à déplacement positif (45, 60) montée de manière à exercer sur le mortier liquide une pression suffisamment élevée pour que ce mortier liquide soit éjectée de la buse (22) sous la forme d'un jet.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la pompe (45, 60) comprend un cylindre sensiblement vertical (45) contenant un piston de va-et-vient (60), et en ce que des moyens sont utilisés pour placer alternativement en position active sur le cylindre, une première tête de cylindre (34) munie d'un orifice de sortie (41) débouchant dans le conduit (28), et une seconde tête de cylindre (34) munie d'un passage d'alimentation de mortier liquide (39).
10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les première et seconde têtes de cylindre (34) peuvent glisser conjointement dans le sens latéral, et en ce que les moyens de stockage (35) sont montés sur la seconde tête de cylindre (34).
11. Appareil d'ancrage d'une cheville dans une voûte, permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, comprenant un châssis (12), un mât de charge (13) monté en balancement sur le châssis, un ensemble (14) monté en pivotement sur l'extrémité distance du mât de charge et comprenant une perforatrice de roc (17), des moyens (22) permettant d'introduire un mortier de ciment liquide dans le trou de forage, et un dispositif de mise en place de cheville (29), la perforatrice de roc (17), les moyens (22) et le dispositif de mise en place de cheville (29) pouvant se déplacer séquentiellement pour venir dans leur position de fonctionnement sur l'ensemble (14), appareil caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'introduction de l'agent durcissable dans le trou de forage, comprennent une buse (22) dont la position de fonctionnement se trouve à l'embouchure d'un trou de forage (26) percé par la perforatrice de roc, et se couplant à une pompe à déplacement positif (45, 60) montée sur le châssis (12), et en ce que des moyens de stockage d'un mortier de ciment liquide (35) sont montés sur le châssis (12) et disposés de manière à alimenter la pompe (45, 60), cette pompe (45, 60) étant conçue pour exercer sur le mortier liquide une pression suffisamment élevée pour que ce mortier liquide soit éjecté de la buse (22) sour la forme d'un jet.
EP84850123A 1983-04-12 1984-04-12 Procédé de l'ancrage, dispositif et appareil de l'ancrage Expired EP0126046B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84850123T ATE29761T1 (de) 1983-04-12 1984-04-12 Ankerausbauverfahren, geraet dafuer und ankerausbauvorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8302025A SE8302025L (sv) 1983-04-12 1983-04-12 Sett vid takbultning samt takbultningsaggregat
SE8302025 1983-04-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0126046A1 EP0126046A1 (fr) 1984-11-21
EP0126046B1 true EP0126046B1 (fr) 1987-09-16

Family

ID=20350766

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84850123A Expired EP0126046B1 (fr) 1983-04-12 1984-04-12 Procédé de l'ancrage, dispositif et appareil de l'ancrage

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0126046B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS60501164A (fr)
AT (1) ATE29761T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3466268D1 (fr)
FI (1) FI83991C (fr)
NO (1) NO844962L (fr)
SE (2) SE8302025L (fr)
WO (1) WO1984004131A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AUPP955399A0 (en) * 1999-03-31 1999-04-29 Hydramatic Engineering Pty. Ltd. Method and apparatus for insertion of rockbolts
FI123637B (fi) * 2006-11-02 2013-08-30 Sandvik Mining & Constr Oy Kaivoskoneen sementtisiilorakenne
SE539411C2 (en) 2014-07-03 2017-09-19 Skanska Sverige Ab Method and arrangement for mounting bolts in a tunnel wall

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL31276C (fr) * 1930-04-11
CH455405A (de) * 1965-05-19 1968-07-15 Tox Duebel Werk Verfahren zur Befestigung von Gegenständen an Mauerwerk und Spritzdüse zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
GB1503904A (en) * 1973-12-11 1978-03-15 Fosroc International Ltd Method of anchoring a fixing element
SE413691B (sv) * 1977-08-31 1980-06-16 Atlas Copco Ab Bergbultningsaggregat
SE413929B (sv) * 1977-09-02 1980-06-30 Trelleborgs Gummifabriks Ab Injekteringsanordning
DE2750532A1 (de) * 1977-11-11 1979-05-17 Fischer Artur Dr H C Vorrichtung zum einspritzen eines bindemittels in ein bohrloch eines mauerwerks zur verankerung eines befestigungselementes
US4215953A (en) * 1978-08-30 1980-08-05 Envirotech Corporation Device for injecting cartridges of resin for bolting apparatus
DE2838466C2 (de) * 1978-09-04 1984-09-20 Günther Bernack Ankerhülse zum Befestigen in einem Sackloch eines Bauteils mittels einer Injektionsmasse
SE417742B (sv) * 1979-02-22 1981-04-06 Linden Alimak Ab Anordning vid bultborrningsaggregat
JPS55152299A (en) * 1979-05-16 1980-11-27 Kensetsu Kiso Eng Construction method with spray type lockup bolt
DE2925197A1 (de) * 1979-06-22 1981-01-15 Delecker Willy Max Eduard Verfahren zum befestigen von schrauben, duebeln u.dgl. in bohrloechern, sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
JPS5766300A (en) * 1980-10-02 1982-04-22 Andrews & George Co Inc Mortar injector for lock bolt construction method
GB2095308A (en) * 1981-03-24 1982-09-29 Willich F Gmbh & Co Method and apparatus for consolidating rock strata

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60501164A (ja) 1985-07-25
SE8302025L (sv) 1984-10-13
SE451867B (sv) 1987-11-02
SE8406196L (sv) 1984-12-06
DE3466268D1 (en) 1987-10-22
NO844962L (no) 1984-12-11
ATE29761T1 (de) 1987-10-15
SE8302025D0 (sv) 1983-04-12
FI83991C (fi) 1991-09-25
EP0126046A1 (fr) 1984-11-21
FI844885A0 (fi) 1984-12-11
WO1984004131A1 (fr) 1984-10-25
SE8406196D0 (sv) 1984-12-06
FI844885L (fi) 1984-12-11
FI83991B (fi) 1991-06-14

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