EP0125624B1 - Vorrichtung zur elektromagnetischen Übertragung eines Vorganges in einer gestörten Umgebung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur elektromagnetischen Übertragung eines Vorganges in einer gestörten Umgebung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0125624B1
EP0125624B1 EP84105246A EP84105246A EP0125624B1 EP 0125624 B1 EP0125624 B1 EP 0125624B1 EP 84105246 A EP84105246 A EP 84105246A EP 84105246 A EP84105246 A EP 84105246A EP 0125624 B1 EP0125624 B1 EP 0125624B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
time
event
pulses
pulse
fact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84105246A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0125624A1 (de
Inventor
Max Suter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Omega Electronics SA
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Omega Electronics SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Omega Electronics SA filed Critical Omega Electronics SA
Priority to AT84105246T priority Critical patent/ATE30197T1/de
Publication of EP0125624A1 publication Critical patent/EP0125624A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0125624B1 publication Critical patent/EP0125624B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C1/00—Registering, indicating or recording the time of events or elapsed time, e.g. time-recorders for work people
    • G07C1/22—Registering, indicating or recording the time of events or elapsed time, e.g. time-recorders for work people in connection with sports or games
    • G07C1/24—Race time-recorders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F8/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by electromechanical means
    • G04F8/08—Means used apart from the time-piece for starting or stopping same

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for transmitting electromagnetically in a disturbed environment a sporting event comprising in particular the start of a race, said event being defined by the time t e at which it occurred, device comprising a transmitting means capable of transmitting a train of pulses consecutive to said event, each of the pulses of said train being assigned a distinctive sign making it possible to locate it in time ( ⁇ T) with respect to said event, and a receiving means capable of detecting the first undisturbed pulse of said train which, in consideration of the time th existing at the time of this detection, makes it possible to restore the value of the time t e at which said event occurred.
  • the radio link does not, however, have only advantages. It is particularly affected by disturbances which can be significant enough to prevent the safe transmission of events. We are thinking here particularly of atmospheric disturbances or those caused by neighboring transmitters. Such disturbances can prevent the transmission of an event that occurs only once. It will be understood that if this event is characterized for example by the time of arrival of a runner, as found in sports timing, this time will be irretrievably lost.
  • Author's certificate SU-A-183 413 proposes to improve the safety of radio transmission of the firing instant of a charge used in seismic research.
  • the system is based on the transmission of signals triggered by the load and coded in series, the coding changing every second. Thus, as soon as one of the signals is received correctly, the instant of ignition can be evaluated.
  • the present invention proposes to remedy the drawbacks mentioned above by using the means which appear in the claims.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the transmitter according to the invention.
  • This transmitter is generally located near the event which, when it occurs at the time t e to be determined, closes the switch 1.
  • the switch 1 can be in the form of a light barrier or an electromechanical gate.
  • the electrical pulse emitted by the switch 1 switches the flip-flop 2 which then has a level 1 at its output Q.
  • the AND gate 3 receives on its first input the output signal of a time base 4 and on its second input, the signal from the output Q of the flip-flop 2 so that the signal from the time base 4 can pass the AND gate 3 when the output Q is at level 1.
  • the clock pulses CP in coming from time base 4 and present at the output of the gate AND in turn control a counter 5 which delivers at its output 7 second pulses spaced from each other by predetermined and equal periods T, fixed by the counter 5
  • these second pulses represent a repetition of the first pulse, triggered by the event, and are defined in time by the intervals ⁇ T 1 , ⁇ T 2 , ... ⁇ T i , ... ⁇ T n which separate them from the first impulse.
  • the frequency of the time base was chosen at 10 kHz.
  • the first of the second pulses following the first trigger pulse is spaced from the latter by one tenth of a second.
  • the second pulses are also spaced apart from one tenth of a second.
  • the counter 5 will transmit on its output 7 a pulse out of 1000 received at its input CP.
  • the event which occurred when the switch 1 was closed will be repeated every tenth of a second.
  • a per-. electromagnetic turbation lasts only a few tenths of a second, we can think that during a transmission which lasts one second, at least one of the ten pulses emitted will be taken into account by the receiver.
  • the transmitter 5 will produce, after having sent ten pulses, a reset command by line 6 which will act on the counter itself and on the flip-flop 2. As a result, the Q output will go to zero and block the AND gate 3.
  • the diagram in Figure 3 explains graphically how is organized what has been described above.
  • the signals of the time base 4 are represented on line 9 ′ of the diagram.
  • the event closing the switch 1 is represented by the rising edge of the pulse 8 shown in line 10 of the diagram.
  • the output Q of the flip-flop goes to state 1 and remains there for a predetermined period T e , as shown in line 11 of the diagram.
  • the pulses of time base 4 then pass the AND gate 3 and are represented on line 12.
  • the pulses of line 12 and the state 1 of the output Q of the flip-flop 2 shown on line 11 are maintained until 'at the arrival of the rising edge of the pulse 16 (shown in line 13) which is the reset signal from line 6 of Figure 1.
  • the encoder 20 also comprises a UART (universal asynchronous receivertransmitter) circuit, for example of the RCA 1854 type, which transforms the parallel coded signal received from the divider by ten into a signal coded in series.
  • a UART universal asynchronous receivertransmitter
  • the encoder 20 also comprises a UART (universal asynchronous receivertransmitter) circuit, for example of the RCA 1854 type, which transforms the parallel coded signal received from the divider by ten into a signal coded in series.
  • the transmitter device of FIG. 1 is further supplemented by a transmitter system 21, the carrier of which is radiated by the antenna 23. It will be noted that the carrier will generally be located in bands extending from 180 to 470 MHz or even in the " citizen-band "(27 MHz).
  • the carrier of the transmitter is modulated by the signal from the encoder 20.
  • FIG 2 is a block diagram of the event receiver emitted by the transmitter which has been discussed in connection with Figure 1.
  • the electromagnetic waves are picked up by the antenna 25 and the receiver itself 26 which brings to its output 36 a demodulated signal.
  • this signal is introduced into a decoder 27 which, on the one hand, selects from among all the signals received the first undisturbed pulse (and therefore carrying complete information) and, on the other hand, assigns to said pulse a value of OT interval, in response to the distinguishing sign it bears.
  • This value is transmitted to an arithmetic unit 30 by the line 29.
  • the decoder 27 can be a UART circuit of the same type as that already mentioned with respect to the encoder 20.
  • arithmetic unit 30 receives by line 28 the signal from a master clock 35 giving for example the current time of day th, Knowing now at what time of day t ,, the time interval OT, has been transmitted, we can calculate the time of day t e at which the event occurred by performing the subtraction using the arithmetic unit 30:
  • a first important advantage can be drawn from the device which has just been described: that of ensuring perfect security for the transmission of the event which, it should be remembered, takes place only once. Thus, the repetition of the data resulting from the event will allow at least one of the transmitted pulses to reach the receiver, pulse which once decoded will indicate precisely the time of day of the event.
  • time base 4 a simple non-thermocompensated quartz oscillator.
  • Such an oscillator is very inexpensive and its drift is of the order of 100 seconds / day.
  • the transmission time of an event can last approximately one second. If during one day (86,400 seconds) the oscillator drift is 100 seconds, this same drift will only be 100 / 86,400, or 0.0012 seconds over the considered period of 1 second.
  • the first valid pulse received by the receiver is the tenth of a train of pulses each spaced by a tenth of a second, the error made will not exceed one thousandth of a second. This error will of course decrease if the pulse taken into account precedes the tenth pulse.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Unknown Time Intervals (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Vorrichtung, um in einem gestörten Umfeld auf elektromagnetischem Wege ein sportliches Ereignis (8) zu übertragen, das insbesondere den Start eines Rennens umfaßt, wobei das Ereignis durch die Zeit te, zu der es stattfindet, definiert ist, eine Vorrichtung, die eine Sendeeinrichtung umfaßt, die in der Lage ist, eine Impulsfolge (15), die auf das Ereignis folgt, zu übertragen, wobei jeder der Impulse dieser Folge mit einem Kennzeichen ausgestattet ist, das seine zeitliche Einordnung (ΔTi) im Verhältnis zum Ereignis gestattet, und eine Empfangseinrichtung, die in der Lage ist, den ersten nicht gestörten Impuls der genannten Folge zu erkennen, der es unter Berücksichtigung der Zeit th zum Zeitpunkt dieses Erkennens gestattet, den Wert der Zeit te wiederzugeben, zu der das Ereignis stattgefunden hat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die. Sendeeinrichtung einen Sensor (1) umfaßt, der geeignet ist, einen ersten elektrischen Impuls (8), der durch das Ereignis ausgelöst wird, zu erzeugen, eine Zeitbasis (4) mit geringer Genauigkeit, wobei diese Zeitbasis durch den erwähnten ersten Impuls ausgelöst wird, einen Zähler (5), der in der Lage ist, die von der Zeitbasis abgegebenen Signale zu zählen, um während einer ersten vorbestimmten Zeitspanne (Te) elektrische Zweitimpulse (15) zu erzeugen, die untereinander durch zweite vorbestimmte und gleiche Zeitspannen (T,) getrennt sind, eine Codiereinrichtung (20), um jedem der Zweitimpulse zumindest ein Kennzeichen, insbesondere eine Ordnungszahl zuzuordnen, und zwar gemäß de Intervall (AT,), das sie vom ersten Impulse trennt, und eine Sendeeinrichtung (21), um elektromagnetische Wellen, die durch das von der Codiereinrichtung stammende Signal moduliert wurden, zu übertragen, und daß die Empfangseinrichtung einen Empfänger im eigentlichen Sinn (26) umfaßt, um die erwähnten elektromagnetischen Wellen zu empfangen, einen Decoder (27), der angeordnet ist, um den ersten von den nicht gestörten Zweitimpulsen, die er vom Empfänger erhält, anzusteuern, ihm einen Intervallwert (ΔTi) zuzuordnen, der dem enthaltenen Kennzeichen entspricht, eine Ühr (35), die geeignet ist, die Zeit th mit großer Genauigkeit anzugeben, und eine arithmetische Einheit (30), um die Subtraktion th - ΔTi = te auszuführen.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Genauigkeit der Zeitbasis (4) keine größere Abweichung als 100 Sekunden in 24 Stunden aufweist.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste vorbestimmte Zeitspanne (TE), während der die Zweiiimpulse erzougt werden, 1 Sekunde beträgt, und daß die zweiten end gleichen vorbestimmten Zeitspannen (T,), die diese Zweitimpulse voneinander tronnen, 0,1 Sekunden betragen.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die von der Uhr (35) angegebene Zeit th die Uhrzeit des Tages ist.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder der Zweitimpulse (15) der erwähnten Folge außerdem mit einem Code ausgestattet ist, der die Identifizierung jedes der am Wettbewerb teilnehmenden Läufer als Rufbeantwortung einer Adressiervorrichtung (24), die in der Sendeeinrichtung enthalten ist, gestattet, und daß der in der Empfangseinrichtung enthaltene Decoder (27) außerdem Mittel zur Identifizierung des Rennteilnehmers, für den die Zeit te gemessen wurde, umfaßt.
EP84105246A 1983-05-13 1984-05-09 Vorrichtung zur elektromagnetischen Übertragung eines Vorganges in einer gestörten Umgebung Expired EP0125624B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84105246T ATE30197T1 (de) 1983-05-13 1984-05-09 Vorrichtung zur elektromagnetischen uebertragung eines vorganges in einer gestoerten umgebung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8308653 1983-05-13
FR8308653A FR2545952B1 (fr) 1983-05-13 1983-05-13 Dispositif de transmission electromagnetique d'un evenement en milieu perturbe

Publications (2)

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EP0125624A1 EP0125624A1 (de) 1984-11-21
EP0125624B1 true EP0125624B1 (de) 1987-10-07

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EP84105246A Expired EP0125624B1 (de) 1983-05-13 1984-05-09 Vorrichtung zur elektromagnetischen Übertragung eines Vorganges in einer gestörten Umgebung

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US (1) US4604621A (de)
EP (1) EP0125624B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE30197T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3466745D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2545952B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2629203B1 (fr) * 1988-03-22 1990-12-07 Serbio Dispositif de declenchement d'un circuit de mesure d'un parametre de reaction au moment de la distribution d'une dose de reactif a l'aide d'une pipette-reservoir
JP3618169B2 (ja) * 1996-05-16 2005-02-09 カシオ計算機株式会社 電子機器および当該電子機器を用いたシステム
FR2806315B1 (fr) 2000-03-20 2002-05-03 Radiocoms Systemes Dispositif de chronometrage a transmission radio
DE10227451A1 (de) * 2002-06-20 2004-01-15 ASTRA Gesellschaft für Asset Management mbH & Co. KG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur automatischen Zeitnahme bei sportlichen Massenveranstaltungen

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0074330A1 (de) * 1981-09-07 1983-03-16 Compagnie des Montres Longines, Francillon S.A. Einrichtung zur Identifizierung und zur Bestimmung des Zeitpunktes des Passierens einer Vielzahl bewegter Körper an einem bestimmten Punkt ihrer Umlaufbahn

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2640187A (en) * 1949-06-13 1953-05-26 Olive S Petty Seismic surveying
US3651507A (en) * 1969-08-20 1972-03-21 John F Abbott Remote controlling device
FR2143521B1 (de) * 1971-06-08 1974-09-27 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale)
GB1440073A (en) * 1972-07-11 1976-06-23 Seismograph Service England Time synchronisation particularly for seismic work
DE2842450C2 (de) * 1978-09-29 1982-08-19 MITEC Moderne Industrietechnik GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn Verfahren zur Messung der zeitlichen Abstände von jeweils zwei elektrischen Signalen
US4245334A (en) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-13 Erich Bieramperl Device for measuring and indicating the time between the reception of first and second airborne signals
US4368987A (en) * 1980-06-25 1983-01-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Conjugate-phase, remote-clock synchronizer

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0074330A1 (de) * 1981-09-07 1983-03-16 Compagnie des Montres Longines, Francillon S.A. Einrichtung zur Identifizierung und zur Bestimmung des Zeitpunktes des Passierens einer Vielzahl bewegter Körper an einem bestimmten Punkt ihrer Umlaufbahn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE30197T1 (de) 1987-10-15
DE3466745D1 (en) 1987-11-12
FR2545952A1 (fr) 1984-11-16
EP0125624A1 (de) 1984-11-21
FR2545952B1 (fr) 1987-03-20
US4604621A (en) 1986-08-05

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