EP0124778B1 - Electric cooking plate or hot plate - Google Patents

Electric cooking plate or hot plate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0124778B1
EP0124778B1 EP84103808A EP84103808A EP0124778B1 EP 0124778 B1 EP0124778 B1 EP 0124778B1 EP 84103808 A EP84103808 A EP 84103808A EP 84103808 A EP84103808 A EP 84103808A EP 0124778 B1 EP0124778 B1 EP 0124778B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
heating conductors
electric cooking
cooking plate
conductors
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Expired
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EP84103808A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0124778A1 (en
Inventor
Felix Schreder
Leonhard Dörner
Eugen Wilde
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
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EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH
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Priority to AT84103808T priority Critical patent/ATE46994T1/en
Publication of EP0124778A1 publication Critical patent/EP0124778A1/en
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Publication of EP0124778B1 publication Critical patent/EP0124778B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
    • H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2213/00—Aspects relating both to resistive heating and to induction heating, covered by H05B3/00 and H05B6/00
    • H05B2213/04—Heating plates with overheat protection means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric hotplate or hotplate according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • From US-A-1 696 684 is a hotplate with heating conductors inserted into grooves in an insulating body, which is covered at the top by a cover plate.
  • the heating conductors lie in two parallel spiral yawns and are divided into two heating conductor sections by a tap. This arrangement is intended to increase the performance of the inner part by short-circuiting the outer heating conductor sections.
  • the effective radiator diameter is reduced and the performance spectrum or glow pattern changes significantly.
  • Electric hotplates in which an insulating support lies in a receiving shell and is arranged below a glass ceramic plate, have been described in DE-A1-2 729 929.
  • the heating conductors are arranged here in the form of wire spirals on a disk or card formed from insulating material, which in turn is located in a receiving shell and is surrounded at the bottom and laterally by insulating material.
  • a heating conductor is provided which is applied to a clocking, continuously adjustable power control device with power pulses of different relative duty cycles.
  • the mechanical structure of these heating elements has proven very successful. However, a power control device is required for this, which requires a certain amount of production, and such a relatively low-heat capacity heater often interferes with the clocking mode of operation.
  • the heating conductors are arranged spirally on the insulating support and can also, such as. B. from DE-A1-3 129 239, be placed in the form of a double spiral, in which the parallel branches of the same heating conductor are placed in a spiral which contains a reversing curve in the middle.
  • the distribution of the heating conductor over the surface is relatively even; however, there is the disadvantage that the full mains voltage is at the beginning between the branches running parallel to one another, so that a short circuit occurs in the event of a spiral deformation or a foreign body applied there.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a heating element of the type mentioned at the outset which, with a simple construction and a simplified arrangement of the heating conductors, enables an improved relationship between the heating conductor length and output.
  • connection options are improved because a total of only four connection points are required, namely z.
  • the invention can be advantageously applied to hotplates with a cast body in which the heating conductors are embedded in grooves in the hotplate body in an investment material.
  • use in radiant heaters with heating conductors arranged on an insulating support is particularly advantageous. This has the particular advantage that all heating conductors are made of relatively thick and therefore stable Wire can be made that can be easily attached to the insulating support, for example by partially embedding it in the insulating support material. With these radiant heaters, this creates the possibility of using a seven-cycle circuit. Here there is the advantageous possibility of switching off only part of the power via a temperature limiter if overheating occurs.
  • Such a temperature limiter is particularly important in the case of radiant heaters and must be accessed quickly and with low inertia, because otherwise the glass ceramic cooktop will overheat and be permanently damaged.
  • the switching frequency of the limiter can be significantly reduced by the seven-stroke circuit, so that radio interference is not to be feared.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show an essentially circular heating element 11 which is designed for radiant heating of a glass ceramic plate 12.
  • the glass ceramic plate 12 forms a continuous hotplate, under which several radiant heating elements are arranged to create heated hotplates.
  • the heating element 11 has a similar design and is arranged under the glass ceramic plate as that according to DE-A1-2 729 929. It has a sheet metal support shell 13 in which there is an insulating layer 14 on which a relatively thin and mechanically stronger insulating carrier 15 is arranged which is held down and centered on its edge by an insulating ring 16.
  • Sheet metal tabs 17 on the upper edge of the carrier shell 13 are bent around a step of the insulating ring 16 and hold the unit together.
  • the upwardly projecting edge 18 of the insulating ring rests on the underside of the glass ceramic plate 12 under the force of a spring, not shown, which presses the entire heating element against the glass ceramic plate from below.
  • Heating conductors 19, 20, 21 are arranged on the insulating support, which consists of a fibrous, high-temperature-resistant insulating material and is relatively thin and mechanically quite firm by appropriate pressing, by partial pressing into the insulating support.
  • the heating conductors are pressed somewhat into the insulating support with the lower part of their turns, so that they are held by this without essential parts of their radiating surface being covered.
  • the heating conductors are therefore largely on the surface of the insulating support.
  • the three heating conductors 19, 20, 21 are arranged in the form of a two-start spiral, i. H. there are two spiral turns each parallel to one another, the two heating conductors 19, 21 being arranged one behind the other in one spiral passage, in the example shown the outer one.
  • the heating conductors are arranged at a relatively short distance from one another and leave in the middle an unheated middle zone 23, which is small in comparison to the thickness of the heating zone 22 formed around it, at the edge of which the two heating conductors 20, 21 end parallel next to one another.
  • this connection is in the form of two separate connection parts, which, however, are electrically connected to one another.
  • two inner connections 27, 28 are provided, which, like the connection 26, are welded to connection lines 35, which are designed as U-shaped brackets made of solid wire, through the insulating support 15 at the connections 26, 27, 28 and on the outer edge 18 inserted and welded there with lead wires 40 leading through the outer edge 18, which lead to an insulating connecting part 38 with plug-in terminal lugs 39.
  • the connecting lines 35 run on the underside of the insulating support 15, where they are embedded in the softer insulating layer 14. This means that all connection welds can be carried out from above.
  • the wire helixes can have different thicknesses and, if necessary, also helix diameters and helix pitch.
  • a common connecting piece 27' which has the shape of a sheet metal bracket inserted through the insulating support 15 with a divided leg, on the two sections of which the heating coils are pushed and fastened.
  • the connections 27, 28 are electrically connected to each other and the An connections 24, 25 individually connected.
  • the heating conductors 19, 21 do not need to have the same length, but can be of different lengths depending on the desired power distribution. Accordingly, the terminal 26 moves. It is also possible to design the two heating conductors 19, 21 in the form of a continuous heating resistor which has an electrical tap instead of the terminal 26.
  • the different heating conductors can have different outputs, for example the heating conductor 19,500 watts, the heating conductor 20,600 watts and the heating conductor 21,400 watts.
  • the outputs can be adapted to the requirements just like the heating conductor lengths, as can the circuit diagram mentioned above.
  • a further advantage can be seen that between the power levels 2 and 5 there is always an unheated one between the heated heating conductors, so that on the one hand there is less risk of a short circuit and on the other hand the glow pattern becomes uniform.
  • the relatively small unheated middle zone 23 also contributes to this.
  • the seven-cycle switch 32 does not depend on the voltage or power of the radiators depends on how these clocking power control units are mostly.
  • the temperature limiter 31 can be switched on in the common supply line leading to the connection 26 or in the common supply line leading to the connections 27 and 28 and thus switches off 900 or 1000 watts in the example of a 1500 watt heating element mentioned above. However, only a single heating conductor can be switched off. It can be seen that the released power in most switching stages is such that the limiter hardly needs to respond and has a low number of cycles, if it responds at all.
  • the temperature limiter can also connect the heating conductors in series to reduce the power.
  • the wire can be chosen thicker by the invention and is therefore easier to press into the insulating carrier in order to be fastened thereby.
  • the heating conductors achieve a higher temperature stability.
  • each of the two spiral paths has five turns or revolutions, which results in uniform heating. Depending on the absolute size of the heating element, this can advantageously also be four or six cycles.
  • the heating conductors can also be inserted in grooves in an insulating body.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

A radiant heating element for heating a glass ceramic plate carries on a circular insulating support heating elements in the form of wire coils fixed thereto, which are arranged in the form of two parallel spiral paths. Two separately switchable heating conductors are successively arranged in one spiral path, while the third heating conductor is positioned alone in the other spiral path. The heating conductors have different power levels and can be switched to different power stages by a seven-timing switch.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Elektrokoch-oder -heizplatte nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to an electric hotplate or hotplate according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der US-A-1 696 684 ist eine Kochplatte mit in Nuten eines Isolierkörpers eingelegten Heizleitern, die nach oben durch eine Deckplatte abgedeckt ist. Die Heizleiter liegen in zwei zueinander parallelen Spiralgägnen und sind durch eine Anzapfung in je zwei Heizleiterabschnitte unterteilt. Diese Anordnung ist dazu vorgesehen, durch Kurzschließen der äußeren Heizleiterabschnitte die Leistung des inneren Teiles zu erhöhen. Der wirksame Heizkörperdurchmesser wird dadurch verringert und das Leistungsspektrum bzw. Glühbild ändert sich deutlich.From US-A-1 696 684 is a hotplate with heating conductors inserted into grooves in an insulating body, which is covered at the top by a cover plate. The heating conductors lie in two parallel spiral yawns and are divided into two heating conductor sections by a tap. This arrangement is intended to increase the performance of the inner part by short-circuiting the outer heating conductor sections. The effective radiator diameter is reduced and the performance spectrum or glow pattern changes significantly.

Elektrokochplatten, bei denen ein Isolierträger in einer Aufnahmeschale liegt und unterhalb einer Glaskeramikplatte angeordnet ist, sind in der DE-A1-2 729 929 beschrieben worden. Die Heizleiter sind hier in Form von Drahtspiralen auf einer aus Isoliermaterial gebildeten Scheibe oder Karte angeordnet, die ihrerseits nach unten und seitlich von Isoliermaterial umgeben in einer Aufnahmeschale liegt. Dabei ist ein Heizleiter vorgesehen, der einem taktenden, stufenlos einstellbaren Leistungssteuergerät mit Leistungsimpulsen unterschiedlicher relativer Einschaltdauer beaufschlagt wird. Der mechanische Aufbau dieser Heizelemente hat sich sehr bewährt. Allerdings ist dazu ein Leistungssteuergerät erforderlich, das einen gewissen Herstellungsaufwand bedingt, und eine so relativ wärmekapazitätsarme Heizung stört oft die taktende Arbeitsweise. Die Heizleiter sind auf dem Isolierträger spiralig angeordnet und können auch, wie z. B. aus der DE-A1-3 129 239 hervorgeht, in Form einer Doppelspirale gelegt sein, bei der die parallel nebeneinander verlaufenden Zweige desselben Heizleiters zu einer Spirale gelegt sind, die in der Mitte einen Umkehrbogen enthält. Hierbei ist die Verteilung des Heizleiters über die Fläche relativ gleichmäßig; es besteht jedoch der Nachteil, daß zwischen den zueinander parallel laufenden Zweigen am Beginn die volle Netzspannung liegt, so daß bei einer Spiralverformung oder einem dort aufgebrachten Fremdkörper ein Kurzschluß entsteht.Electric hotplates, in which an insulating support lies in a receiving shell and is arranged below a glass ceramic plate, have been described in DE-A1-2 729 929. The heating conductors are arranged here in the form of wire spirals on a disk or card formed from insulating material, which in turn is located in a receiving shell and is surrounded at the bottom and laterally by insulating material. In this case, a heating conductor is provided which is applied to a clocking, continuously adjustable power control device with power pulses of different relative duty cycles. The mechanical structure of these heating elements has proven very successful. However, a power control device is required for this, which requires a certain amount of production, and such a relatively low-heat capacity heater often interferes with the clocking mode of operation. The heating conductors are arranged spirally on the insulating support and can also, such as. B. from DE-A1-3 129 239, be placed in the form of a double spiral, in which the parallel branches of the same heating conductor are placed in a spiral which contains a reversing curve in the middle. The distribution of the heating conductor over the surface is relatively even; however, there is the disadvantage that the full mains voltage is at the beginning between the branches running parallel to one another, so that a short circuit occurs in the event of a spiral deformation or a foreign body applied there.

Es ist auch bereits bekannt geworden, zwei unterschiedliche Heizleiter einzeln schaltbar konzentrisch zueinander anzuordnen, wobei ein mittlerer Bereich von einem größeren Ringbereich umgeben ist, um die wirksame Größe der Kochplatte vergrößern und verkleinern zu können (EP-A2-103 741 und DE-A1-2 751 991It has also become known to arrange two different heating conductors individually switchable concentrically to one another, a central area being surrounded by a larger ring area in order to be able to enlarge and reduce the effective size of the hotplate (EP-A2-103 741 and DE-A1- 2,751,991

Bei Kochplatten mit Gußkörpern und an deren Unterseite eingebetteten Heizleitern ist es üblich, drei getrennt schaltbare Heizleiter in drei zueinander parallelen Spiralgängen zu führen, also in Form einer dreigängigen Spirale. Diese Kochplatten werden von der Patentinhaberin seit Jahrzehnten hergestellt und vertrieben.In the case of hot plates with cast bodies and heating conductors embedded on their underside, it is customary to guide three separately switchable heating conductors in three mutually parallel spiral passages, that is to say in the form of a three-start spiral. The proprietor has been manufacturing and selling these hotplates for decades.

Diese Kochplatten wurden von Siebentaktschaltern mittels eines Nockenschalters parallel, einzeln oder in Reihe geschaltet, so daß sich sechs verschiedene Leistungsabstufungen bilden, die zusammen mit der "Aus"-Stellung die "Siebentakt-Arbeitsweise" bilden. Diese Schaltung ist außerordentlich zuverlässig, für die Hausfrau sinnfällig zu schalten und der zugehörige Schalter ist sehr einfach mit großer Betriebssicherheit herzustellen (DE-B-1 097 586).These hot plates were connected by seven-cycle switches in parallel, individually or in series by means of a cam switch, so that six different power levels are formed which, together with the "off" position, form the "seven-cycle mode of operation". This circuit is extremely reliable, switchable for the housewife and the associated switch is very easy to manufacture with great operational reliability (DE-B-1 097 586).

Eine Ausführung mit drei parallelen Spiralgängen erfordert jedoch einerseits eine sehr sorgfältige Anordnung der Spiralen, die normalerweise drei Umläufe machen. Außerdem muß für die unterschiedlichen Leistungen der einzelen Heizleiter jeweils die Drahtdicke und die Wendeldichte besonders angepaßt sein, weil die Gesamttänjge der Drahtwendel durch die Länge der Spiralkanäle vorgegeben ist. Damit werden für viele Anwendungen die Drähte zu dünn, insbesondere wenn eine andere Festlegungsart als die vollständige Einbettung der Wendel gewählt wird.However, a version with three parallel spiral courses requires, on the one hand, a very careful arrangement of the spirals, which normally make three rotations. In addition, the wire thickness and the helix density must be particularly adapted for the different outputs of the individual heating conductors, because the total length of the helix is determined by the length of the spiral channels. This means that the wires become too thin for many applications, especially if a setting other than the complete embedding of the helix is selected.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Heizelement der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, das bei einfachem Aufbau und vereinfachter Anordnung der Heizleiter ein verbessertes Verhältnis zwischen Heizleiterlänge und -leistung ermöglicht.The object of the invention is to provide a heating element of the type mentioned at the outset which, with a simple construction and a simplified arrangement of the heating conductors, enables an improved relationship between the heating conductor length and output.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung durch das Kennzeichen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing part of claim 1.

Statt also, wie bisher, die drei Heizleiter von Anfang bis zum Ende parallel zueinander verlaufen zu lassen, liegen hier zwei der Heizleiter hintereinander in einem Spiralgang, der zu dem dritten Heizleiter parallel verläuft. Dadurch ist in idealer Weise der Tatsache Rechnung getragen, daß normalerweise einer der Heizkörper eine größere Leistung hat als die beiden anderen. Trotz der auf den ersten Blick unregelmäßig erscheinenden Anordnung der einzelnen beheizten Heizleiter in den einzelnen Schaltstufen ergibt sich doch eine sehr brauchbare Wärmeverteilung bzw. Glühbild, bei dem auch das bei anderen Strahlheizkörpern durch die Spiralenwindung erzeugte Mittelloch weitgehend fehlen kann. Ferner ist die Einlegung der vorteilhaft als dünn ausgebildeten Heizleiter verbessert, weil zwei parallel zueinander verlaufende Spiralen sich besser einlegen lassen als drei parallele Spiralringe. Auch die Anschlußmöglichkeiten sind verbessert, weil insbesamt nur vier Anschlußstellen benötigt werden, nämlich z. B. zwei Anschlüsse an den äußeren Spiralenden, ein gemeinsamer Anschluß am mittleren Spiralende und eine Anzapfung des u. U. durchgehenden Heizwiderstande, der die beiden in einem Spiralgang angeordneten Heizleiter bildet.Instead of letting the three heating conductors run parallel to each other from the beginning to the end, as before, here two of the heating conductors lie one behind the other in a spiral path that runs parallel to the third heating conductor. This ideally takes into account the fact that one of the radiators normally has a higher output than the other two. In spite of what appears at first glance to be an irregular arrangement of the individual heated heating conductors in the individual switching stages, the result is a very useful heat distribution or glow pattern, in which the central hole created by the spiral winding in other radiant heaters can also be largely absent. Furthermore, the insertion of the heating conductors, which are advantageously designed as thin, is improved because two spirals running parallel to one another can be inserted better than three parallel spiral rings. The connection options are improved because a total of only four connection points are required, namely z. B. two connections on the outer spiral ends, a common connection on the middle spiral end and a tap of the u. U. continuous heating resistor, which forms the two heating conductors arranged in a spiral passage.

Die Erfindung läßt sich vorteilhaft auf Kochplatten mit einem Gußkörper anwenden, bei denen die Heizleiter in Nuten im Kochplattenkörper in einer Einbettmasse eingebettet sind. Ganz besonders vorteilhaft ist jedoch die Anwendung bei Strahlheizkörpern mit auf einem Isolierträger angeordneten Heizleitern. Dabei kommt ganz besonders der Vorteil zum Tragen, daß alle Heizleiter aus relativ dickem und daher stabilem Draht angefertigt werden können, der sich auf dem Isolierträger gut befestigen läßt, beispielsweise durch partielles Einbetten in das Isolierträgermaterial. Bei diesen Strahlheizkörpern wird dadurch die Möglichkeit geschaffen, eine Siebentakt-Schaltung zu verwenden. Hier ist die vorteilhafte Möglichkeit gegeben, nur einen Teil der Leistung über einen Temperaturbegrenzer abzuschalten, wenn eine Überhitzung eintritt. Ein derartiger Temperaturbegrenzer ist bei Strahlheizkörpern besonders wichtig und muß schnell und trägheitsarm zugreifen, weil anderenfalls eine Überhitzung der Glaskeramikkochfläche eintritt, die dadurch dauerhaft geschädigt wird. Durch die Siebentaktschaltung kann jedoch die Schaltfrequenz des Begrenzers wesentlich herabgesetzt werden, so daß Funkstörungen nicht zu befürchten sind.The invention can be advantageously applied to hotplates with a cast body in which the heating conductors are embedded in grooves in the hotplate body in an investment material. However, use in radiant heaters with heating conductors arranged on an insulating support is particularly advantageous. This has the particular advantage that all heating conductors are made of relatively thick and therefore stable Wire can be made that can be easily attached to the insulating support, for example by partially embedding it in the insulating support material. With these radiant heaters, this creates the possibility of using a seven-cycle circuit. Here there is the advantageous possibility of switching off only part of the power via a temperature limiter if overheating occurs. Such a temperature limiter is particularly important in the case of radiant heaters and must be accessed quickly and with low inertia, because otherwise the glass ceramic cooktop will overheat and be permanently damaged. However, the switching frequency of the limiter can be significantly reduced by the seven-stroke circuit, so that radio interference is not to be feared.

Merkmale von bevorzugten Weiterbildungen der Erfindung gehen aus den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung im Zusammenhang mit den Zeichnungen hervor. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf ein als Strahlungsheizkörper ausgebildetes Heizelement (bei abgenommener Glaskeramikplatte),
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt nach der Linie 11 in Fig. 1 und
  • Fig. 3 ein Detail einer Mittelzone eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels.
Features of preferred developments of the invention emerge from the subclaims and the description in connection with the drawings. Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are explained in more detail below. Show it:
  • 1 is a plan view of a heating element designed as a radiant heater (with the glass ceramic plate removed),
  • Fig. 2 shows a section along the line 11 in Fig. 1 and
  • Fig. 3 shows a detail of a central zone of a further embodiment.

Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen ein im wesentlichen kreisförmiges Heizelement 11, das zur Strahlungsbeheizung einer Glaskeramikplatte 12 ausgebildet ist. Die Glaskeramikplatte 12 bildet eine durchgehende Herdplatte, unter der mehrere Strahlungsheizelemente zur Schaffung von beheizten Kochstellen angeordnet sind. Das Heizelement 11 ist ähnlich ausgebildet und unter der Glaskeramikplatte angeordnet wie das nach der DE-A1-2 729 929. Es besitzt eine aus Blech bestehende Tragschale 13, in der eine Isolierschicht 14 liegt, auf der ein relativ dünner und mechanisch festerer Isolierträger 15 angeordnet ist, der an seinem Rand von einem Isolierring 16 niedergehalten und zentriert wird. Blechlappen 17 am oberen Rand der Trägerschale 13 sind um eine Stufe des Isolierringes 16 herumgebogen und halten die Einheit zusammen. Der nach oben vorstehende Rand 18 des Isolierringes liegt an der Unterseite der Glaskeramikplatte 12 unter der Kraft einer nicht dargestellten Feder an, die das gesamte Heizelement von unten her gegen die Glaskeramikplatte drückt.1 and 2 show an essentially circular heating element 11 which is designed for radiant heating of a glass ceramic plate 12. The glass ceramic plate 12 forms a continuous hotplate, under which several radiant heating elements are arranged to create heated hotplates. The heating element 11 has a similar design and is arranged under the glass ceramic plate as that according to DE-A1-2 729 929. It has a sheet metal support shell 13 in which there is an insulating layer 14 on which a relatively thin and mechanically stronger insulating carrier 15 is arranged which is held down and centered on its edge by an insulating ring 16. Sheet metal tabs 17 on the upper edge of the carrier shell 13 are bent around a step of the insulating ring 16 and hold the unit together. The upwardly projecting edge 18 of the insulating ring rests on the underside of the glass ceramic plate 12 under the force of a spring, not shown, which presses the entire heating element against the glass ceramic plate from below.

Auf dem Isolierträger, der aus einem faserigen, hochtemperaturfesten Isoliermaterial besteht, und durch entsprechende Verpressung relativ dünn und mechanisch ziemlich fest ist, sind Heizleiter 19, 20, 21 angeordnet, und zwar durch teilweises Einpressen in den Isolierträger. Die Heizleiter sind mit dem unteren Teil ihrer Windungen in den Isolierträger etwas hereingedrückt, so daß sie von diesem festgehalten werden, ohne daß wesentliche Teile ihrer abstrahlenden Fläche abgedeckt sind. Die Heizleiter liegen also weitgehend auf der Oberfläche des Isolierträgers.Heating conductors 19, 20, 21 are arranged on the insulating support, which consists of a fibrous, high-temperature-resistant insulating material and is relatively thin and mechanically quite firm by appropriate pressing, by partial pressing into the insulating support. The heating conductors are pressed somewhat into the insulating support with the lower part of their turns, so that they are held by this without essential parts of their radiating surface being covered. The heating conductors are therefore largely on the surface of the insulating support.

Die drei Heizleiter 19, 20, 21 sind in Form einer zweigängigen Spirale angeordnet, d. h. es liegen zwei Spiralwindungen jeweils parallel nebeneinander, wobei in dem einen Spiralgang, im dargestellten Beispiel dem äußeren, die beiden Heizleiter 19, 21 hintereinander angeordnet sind. Die Heizleiter sind mit relativ geringem Abstand voneinander angeordnet und lassen in der Mitte eine im Vergleich zur Dicke der darum gebildeten Heizzone 22 kleine unbeheizte Mittelzone 23 frei, an deren Rand die beiden Heizleiter 20, 21 parallel nebeneinander enden.The three heating conductors 19, 20, 21 are arranged in the form of a two-start spiral, i. H. there are two spiral turns each parallel to one another, the two heating conductors 19, 21 being arranged one behind the other in one spiral passage, in the example shown the outer one. The heating conductors are arranged at a relatively short distance from one another and leave in the middle an unheated middle zone 23, which is small in comparison to the thickness of the heating zone 22 formed around it, at the edge of which the two heating conductors 20, 21 end parallel next to one another.

Es sind folgende Anschlüsse vorgesehen: Im Bereich des Außenumfanges sind relativ dicht nebeneinander zwei äußere Anschlüsse 24, 25 für die Heizleiter 19, 20 vorgesehen, die je aus einem krückstockartig gebogenen in die Wendel gesteckten, angeschweißten Stift bestehen und mittels eines durch den Außenrand 18 gesteckten Anschlußdrahtes 41 gemeinsam angeschlossen sind. In der Mitte der den äußeren Spiralgang bildenden Heizleiter 19, 21 und damit auch im mittleren Bereich der ringförmigen Heizzone ist ein gemeinsamer Anschluß 26 vorgesehen, der mit den Heizleitern 19 und 21 verbunden ist.The following connections are provided: In the area of the outer circumference, two outer connections 24, 25 for the heating conductors 19, 20 are provided relatively close to each other, each of which consists of a welded pin which is bent into the shape of a crutch stick and which is inserted through the outer edge 18 Lead 41 are connected together. In the middle of the heating conductors 19, 21 forming the outer spiral passage and thus also in the central region of the annular heating zone, a common connection 26 is provided which is connected to the heating conductors 19 and 21.

Dieser Anschluß ist beim dargestellten Beispiel in Form zweier gesonderter Anschlußteile ausgebildet, die jedoch elektrisch miteinander verbunden sind. Ferner sind zwei innere Anschlüsse 27, 28 vorgesehen, die ebenso wie der Anschluß 26 mit Anschlußleitungen 35 verschweißt sind, die als U-förmige Bügel aus massivem Draht ausgebildet sind, durch den Isolierträger 15 bei den Anschlüssen 26, 27, 28 und am Außenrand 18 durchgesteckt und dort mit durch den Außenrand 18 führenden Zuleitungsdrähten 40 verschweißt sind, die zu einem Isolier-Anschlußteil 38 mit Steckanschlußfahnen 39 führen. Die Anschlußleitungen 35 verlaufen auf der Unterseite des Isolierträgers 15, wo sie sich in die weichere Isolierschicht 14 einbetten. Dadurch sind alle Anschluß-Verschweißungen von oben her durchführbar.In the example shown, this connection is in the form of two separate connection parts, which, however, are electrically connected to one another. Furthermore, two inner connections 27, 28 are provided, which, like the connection 26, are welded to connection lines 35, which are designed as U-shaped brackets made of solid wire, through the insulating support 15 at the connections 26, 27, 28 and on the outer edge 18 inserted and welded there with lead wires 40 leading through the outer edge 18, which lead to an insulating connecting part 38 with plug-in terminal lugs 39. The connecting lines 35 run on the underside of the insulating support 15, where they are embedded in the softer insulating layer 14. This means that all connection welds can be carried out from above.

Die Drahtwendelri können unterschiedliche Dicke und ggf. auch Wendeldurchmesser sowie Wendelsteigung haben. In Fig. 1 haben die beiden Spiralgänge, von denen einer durch die Heizleiter 19, 21 und der andere durch den Heizleiter 20 gebildet ist, jeweils gleiche Länge. Sie können aber auch unterschiedlich sein, wie aus Fig. 3 hervorgeht, bei der der Heizleiter 21 noch eine weitere Windung 21' hat, bis er wiederum neben dem Heizwiderstand 20 endet und mit diesem durch ein gemeinsames Anschlußstück 27' zusammen befestigt und angeschlossen ist, das die Form eines durch den Isolierträger 15 gesteckten Blechwinkels mit einem geteilten Schenkel hat, auf dessen beide Abschnitte die Heizwendeln aufgeschoben und befestigt sind. In Fig. 3 sind die Anschlüsse 27, 28 miteinander elektrisch verbunden und die Anschlüsse 24, 25 einzeln angeschlossen. Die Heizleiter 19, 21 brauchen nicht die gleiche Länge zu haben, sondern können entsprechend der gewünschten Leistungsverteilung unterschiedlich lang sein. Dementsprechend verschiebt sich der Anschluß 26. Es ist auch möglich, die beiden Heizleiter 19, 21 in Form eines durchgehenden Heizwiderstandes zu gestalten, der anstelle des Anschlusses 26 eine elektrische Anzapfung hat.The wire helixes can have different thicknesses and, if necessary, also helix diameters and helix pitch. In Fig. 1, the two spiral courses, one of which is formed by the heating conductor 19, 21 and the other by the heating conductor 20, each have the same length. However, they can also be different, as can be seen from FIG. 3, in which the heating conductor 21 has a further turn 21 'until it ends again next to the heating resistor 20 and is fastened and connected to it by a common connecting piece 27', which has the shape of a sheet metal bracket inserted through the insulating support 15 with a divided leg, on the two sections of which the heating coils are pushed and fastened. In Fig. 3, the connections 27, 28 are electrically connected to each other and the An connections 24, 25 individually connected. The heating conductors 19, 21 do not need to have the same length, but can be of different lengths depending on the desired power distribution. Accordingly, the terminal 26 moves. It is also possible to design the two heating conductors 19, 21 in the form of a continuous heating resistor which has an electrical tap instead of the terminal 26.

Diametral über das im wesentlichen kreisförmige Heizelement 11 ragt ein Temperaturfühler 30 eines Temperaturbegrenzers 31 hinweg, dessen Schaltkopf außerhalb der Trägerschale 13 angeordnet ist.A temperature sensor 30 of a temperature limiter 31, whose switching head is arranged outside the carrier shell 13, projects diametrically over the essentially circular heating element 11.

Die drei voneinander gesondert schaltbaren Heizleiter 19, 20, 21 sind an einen Siebentakt-Schalter 32 angeschlossen, der seinerseits an das Haushalts-Stromnetz angeschlossen ist. Dieser Siebentakt-Schalter schaltet in üblicher Weise die drei Heizleiter in folgenden Leistungsstufen:

  • Schaltstellung 0: Kein Heizleiter eingeschaltet;
  • Schaltstellung 1: Heizleiter 19, 20, 21 in Reihe;
  • Schaltstellung 2: Heizleiter 19 und 21 in Reihe;
  • Schaltstellung 3: Heizleiter 21 allein;
  • Schaltstellung 4: Heizleiter 19 allein;
  • Schaltstellung 5: Heizleiter 19 und 21 parallel;
  • Schaltstellung 6: Alle drei Heizleiter 19, 20, 21 parallel geschaltet.
The three separately switchable heating conductors 19, 20, 21 are connected to a seven-cycle switch 32, which in turn is connected to the household electricity network. This seven-stroke switch switches the three heating conductors in the following power levels in the usual way:
  • Switch position 0: no heating conductor switched on;
  • Switch position 1: heating conductors 19, 20, 21 in series;
  • Switch position 2: heating conductors 19 and 21 in series;
  • Switch position 3: heating conductor 21 alone;
  • Switch position 4: heating conductor 19 alone;
  • Switch position 5: heating conductors 19 and 21 in parallel;
  • Switch position 6: All three heating conductors 19, 20, 21 connected in parallel.

Dabei können die verschiedenen Heizleiter unterschiedliche Leistungen haben, beispielsweise der Heizleiter 19 500 Watt, der Heizleiter 20 600 Watt und der Heizleiter 21 400 Watt. Die Leistungen können ebenso wie die Heizleiterlängen den Erfordernissen angepaßt werden, ebenso das oben genannte Schaltschema. Als weiterer Vorteil ist zu erkennen, daß zwischen den Leistungsstufen 2 und 5 stets zwischen den beheizten Heizleitern ein unbeheizter liegt, so daß einerseits eine Kurzschlußgefahr geringer ist und andererseits das Glühbild gleichmäßig wird. Dazu trägt auch die relativ kleine unbeheizte Mittelzone 23 bei.The different heating conductors can have different outputs, for example the heating conductor 19,500 watts, the heating conductor 20,600 watts and the heating conductor 21,400 watts. The outputs can be adapted to the requirements just like the heating conductor lengths, as can the circuit diagram mentioned above. A further advantage can be seen that between the power levels 2 and 5 there is always an unheated one between the heated heating conductors, so that on the one hand there is less risk of a short circuit and on the other hand the glow pattern becomes uniform. The relatively small unheated middle zone 23 also contributes to this.

Es ist ferner zu erkennen, daß insgesamt nur vier elektrische Anschlüsse vorzunehmen sind, die an drei verschiedenen Stellen liegen. Außer den bereits erwähnten Vorteilen der Siebentakt-Schaltung auch für Strahlheizkörper, nämlich der einfacheren und zuverlässigen, gut abgestuften Leistungsschaltung und der günstigen Auswirkung auf die Schalthäufigkeit des Temperaturbegrenzers, besteht noch der Vorteil, daß der Siebentakt-Schalter 32 nicht von Spannung oder Leistung der Heizkörper abhängig ist, wie dies taktende Leistungssteuergeräte meist sind. Der Temperaturbegrenzer 31 kann in die gemeinsame Zuleitung, die zum Anschluß 26 führt, oder in die zu den Anschlüssen 27 und 28 führende gemeinsame Zuleitung eingeschaltet sein und schaltet damit beim oben erwähnten Beispiel eines 1500 Watt-Heizlementes 900 bzw. 1000 Watt ab. Es kann jedoch auch nur ein einzelner Heizleiter abgeschaltet werden. Es ist zu erkennen, daß dadurch in den meisten Schaltstufen die freigegebene Leistung so ist, daß der Begrenzer kaum anzusprechen braucht und eine geringe Taktzahl hat, wenn er überhaupt anspricht. Der Temperaturbegrenzer kann auch die Heizleiter zur Leistungsminderung in Reihe schalten.It can also be seen that a total of only four electrical connections are to be made, which are located at three different locations. In addition to the advantages of the seven-cycle circuit already mentioned for radiant heaters, namely the simpler and reliable, well-graded power circuit and the favorable effect on the switching frequency of the temperature limiter, there is also the advantage that the seven-cycle switch 32 does not depend on the voltage or power of the radiators depends on how these clocking power control units are mostly. The temperature limiter 31 can be switched on in the common supply line leading to the connection 26 or in the common supply line leading to the connections 27 and 28 and thus switches off 900 or 1000 watts in the example of a 1500 watt heating element mentioned above. However, only a single heating conductor can be switched off. It can be seen that the released power in most switching stages is such that the limiter hardly needs to respond and has a low number of cycles, if it responds at all. The temperature limiter can also connect the heating conductors in series to reduce the power.

Durch die Anordnung der drei Heizleiter in zwei Spiralgängen wird die automatische Einlegung der Heizelemente vereinfacht, weil sich zwei Spiralen noch wie eine einzige parallel verlegen lassen. Außerdem kann durch die Erfindung der Draht dicker gewählt sein und ist daher leichter in den Isolierträger hineinzudrücken, um dadurch befestigt zu werden. Ferner erreichen die Heizleiter dadurch eine höhere Temperaturstandfestigkeit.The arrangement of the three heating conductors in two spiral passages simplifies the automatic insertion of the heating elements because two spirals can still be laid in parallel like one. In addition, the wire can be chosen thicker by the invention and is therefore easier to press into the insulating carrier in order to be fastened thereby. Furthermore, the heating conductors achieve a higher temperature stability.

Aus der Zeichnung ist zu erkennen, daß jeder der beiden Spiralgänge fünf Windungen oder Umläufe hat, wodurch sich eine gleichmäßige Beheizung ergibt. Je nach Absolutgröße des Heizelementes können dies aber vorteilhaft auch vier oder sechs Umläufe sein. Bei einem Strahlheizkörper können die Heizleiter auch in Nuten eines Isolierkörpers eingelegt sein.From the drawing it can be seen that each of the two spiral paths has five turns or revolutions, which results in uniform heating. Depending on the absolute size of the heating element, this can advantageously also be four or six cycles. In the case of a radiant heater, the heating conductors can also be inserted in grooves in an insulating body.

Claims (12)

1. Electric cooking plate or hotplate with a switching device for its operation, with separately switchable heating conductors (19, 20, 21) arranged in two parallel spiral paths, one of the spiral paths being formed by two successively arranged heating conductors (19, 21), characterized in that only three heating conductors (19, 20, 21) are arranged in the two parallel spiral paths and that the switching device is a seven-timing switch (32) switching the three heating conductors (19, 20, 21) in parallel, single and series connection.
2. Electric cooking plate or hotplate according to claim 1, characterized in that two heating conductor connections (24, 25) are arranged in the vicinity of the outer circumference of the heating element (11), at least one heating conductor connection (27, 28) on an unheated central zone (23) of heating element (11) and at least one heating conductor connection (26) in an annular heating zone (22) between the central zone (23) and the outer circumference.
3. Electric cooking plate or hotplate according to claim 2, characterized in that one heating conductor connection (26) provided in the heating zone (22) is constructed in the form of a tap of a through-resistor and that the at least one heating conductor connection (27') is constructed on the central zone (23) as a preferably common connecfion at the end of both heating conductors (20, 21') extending up to the central zone (23).
4. Electric cooking plate or hotplate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating conductors (19, 20, 21, 21') are wire coils.
5. Electric cooking plate or hotplate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two spiral paths are parallel to one another over substantially their entire length.
6. Electric cooking plate or hotplate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the spiral paths or heating conductors (20) terminates upstream of the area of the unheated central zone (23) of heating element (11) and the other heating conductor (21') continues over at least part of a spiral turn.
7. Electric cooking plate or hotplate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the two parallel spiral paths have four to six and preferably five turns or circulations.
8. Electric cooking plate or hotplate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a thermal cut-out (31) is provided which, even when it has responded, leaves on a certain amount of power by switching off or switching in series the heating conductors.
9. Electric cooking plate or hotplate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is constructed as a radiant heater with heating conductors arranged on an insulating support (15).
10. Electric cooking plate or hotplate according to claim 9, characterized in that the insulating support (15) is in the form of a thin card or disk, to which the heating conductors are fixed.
11. Electric cooking plate or hotplate according to claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the heating conductors are partly embedded on the surface of the insulating support (15).
12. Electric cooking plate or hotplate according to one of the claims 9 to 11, characterized in that for the heating conductors (19, 20, 21) connecting lines (35) are provided and partly pass below the insulating support (15) carrying the heating conductors (19, 20, 21) and in the vicinity of the connections (24 to 28) of the heating conductors and in the marginal area of the insulating support (15) can be passed therethrough from below and are welded from above to the connections (24 to 28) and to the lead wires (40).
EP84103808A 1983-04-28 1984-04-06 Electric cooking plate or hot plate Expired EP0124778B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84103808T ATE46994T1 (en) 1983-04-28 1984-04-06 ELECTRIC COOKING OR HEATING PLATE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833315438 DE3315438A1 (en) 1983-04-28 1983-04-28 HEATING ELEMENT FOR HEATING COOKING, HEATING PLATES OR THE LIKE
DE3315438 1983-04-28

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0124778A1 EP0124778A1 (en) 1984-11-14
EP0124778B1 true EP0124778B1 (en) 1989-10-04

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US (1) US4538051A (en)
EP (1) EP0124778B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59207587A (en)
AT (1) ATE46994T1 (en)
AU (1) AU570455B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1209632A (en)
DE (2) DE3315438A1 (en)
ES (1) ES8502306A1 (en)
YU (1) YU45614B (en)
ZA (1) ZA843132B (en)

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EP0124778A1 (en) 1984-11-14
AU570455B2 (en) 1988-03-17
ZA843132B (en) 1984-11-28
ES531984A0 (en) 1984-12-16
YU45614B (en) 1992-07-20
YU73584A (en) 1986-10-31
AU2745284A (en) 1984-11-01
US4538051A (en) 1985-08-27
DE3315438A1 (en) 1984-10-31
CA1209632A (en) 1986-08-12
DE3480047D1 (en) 1989-11-09
JPS59207587A (en) 1984-11-24
ATE46994T1 (en) 1989-10-15
ES8502306A1 (en) 1984-12-16

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