EP0123978B1 - Nose cap for a projectile with an armour-piercing core - Google Patents

Nose cap for a projectile with an armour-piercing core Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0123978B1
EP0123978B1 EP84104043A EP84104043A EP0123978B1 EP 0123978 B1 EP0123978 B1 EP 0123978B1 EP 84104043 A EP84104043 A EP 84104043A EP 84104043 A EP84104043 A EP 84104043A EP 0123978 B1 EP0123978 B1 EP 0123978B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
sabot
cap
hood
nose
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84104043A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0123978A2 (en
EP0123978A3 (en
Inventor
Klaus Walter Klein
Klaus Gersbach
Jürgen Dr. Böcker
Jean-Claude Sauvestre
Patrick Montier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH, Direction General pour lArmement DGA filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority to AT84104043T priority Critical patent/ATE31364T1/en
Publication of EP0123978A2 publication Critical patent/EP0123978A2/en
Publication of EP0123978A3 publication Critical patent/EP0123978A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0123978B1 publication Critical patent/EP0123978B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a balancing bullet with a segmentable sabot with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the sabot in the vicinity of the balancing ball front part has an air pocket for detaching the sabot segments from the balancing ball after leaving a weapon barrel under the incoming air.
  • an uneven detachment of the sabot segments from the balancing bullet was found. This can lead to a harmful swinging of the balancing bullet.
  • the swinging of the balancing bullet can impact its accuracy as well as its penetration performance. The latter primarily relates to the effect against new types of targets, which require both particularly long balancing bullets and the greatest possible freedom of oscillation. Investigations into the behavior of the balancing block / sabot arrangement showed that unstable flow conditions can occur in the area around the front part of the balancing block, which impair the uniform segment-wise detachment of the sabot.
  • the invention is based on the object of keeping pressure fluctuations away from the sabot in a balancing projectile and thereby achieving a uniform detachment of the sabot segments from the projectile body.
  • a hood connected to a driving ring on a projectile, which covers the projectile tip and which is provided with an air inflow surface is known.
  • the hood acting as a lever arm, is intended to decouple the drive ring from the projectile body by the inflowing air.
  • This arrangement is very complex.
  • the drawing shows embodiments of the new balancing projectile with a hood designated as a tip body.
  • the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to two preferred exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.
  • a balancing bullet 1 which is only partially shown, has a bullet tip 10 with a circular-conical area 12.
  • the projectile tip 10 is an essentially circular cylindrical plastic hood 14 with longitudinally axial recesses 13 and a retracted front inflow surface 15 pushed on and glued.
  • the plastic hood 14 is supported with a rear inner surface 19 on a floor surface-side counter surface 18 and has an outer diameter 16 which approximately corresponds to a largest outer diameter 17 of the balancing bullet 1.
  • a body 20 is fastened on a projectile tip 11, which is only shown in part.
  • a diameter 22 of the projectile tip is increased by a predeterminable amount in an area 21.
  • the body 20 consists of a material that is consumed by melting, softening and / or burning under the friction of the incoming air after leaving the weapon barrel.
  • a material that is consumed by melting, softening and / or burning under the friction of the incoming air after leaving the weapon barrel In addition to a thermoplastic, Wood's or Rose's metal or a magnesium alloy are suitable.
  • a balancing bullet sabot arrangement with one of the tip bodies 14 or 20 according to the invention leaves the weapon barrel in the direction of an arrow S, the tip body in question, owing to its respective diameter, prevents pressure fluctuations from interfering with the detaching process of the sabot segments. For this, an unfavorable drag coefficient in the top range is accepted.
  • the predetermined breaking points 13 take effect in the plastic hood 14 under the dynamic pressure of the air in the region of the inflow surface 15. The plastic fragments separate from the projectile tip 10 and there is an instantaneous more favorable drag coefficient.
  • the invention is characterized by good effectiveness with simplicity and low costs.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Mechanical Pencils And Projecting And Retracting Systems Therefor, And Multi-System Writing Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

An improved nose construction for a subcaliber inertial projectile which is fired with the aid of a sabot. A hood or body is mounted on the nose portion of the projectile. The hood is made of synthetic material and includes longitudinally extending fracture zones and is of substantially cylindrical shape. The frontal portion of the hood is recessed and forms an air flow receiving surface. In lieu of a hood a body, made of a thermoplastic material or the like, may be mounted on the nose portion. This body is adapted to disintegrate as result of air friction. The presence of the hood or body on the nose portion of the projectile, as it exits from a non-illustrated gun barrel, avoids or at least reduces unfavorable air-streaming forces which destabilize the flight characteristics of the projectile and thereby favors a uniform separation of the sabot segments from the projectile. Such uniform separation reduces or completely eliminates undesirable oscillations during flight of the projectile. After the hood or body have disintegrated the projectile acquires a more favorable cw value (drag coefficient during flight.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wuchtgeschoss mit segmentierbarem Treibkäfig mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a balancing bullet with a segmentable sabot with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Bei solchen Wuchtgeschoss-Treibkäfig-Anordnungen, wie beispielsweise aus der DE-C-1 703 507 bekannt, weist der Treibkäfig in der Nachbarschaft des Wuchtgeschossvorderteils eine letzteren umfassende Lufttasche zum Ablösen der Treibkäfigsegmente vom Wuchtgeschoss nach dem Verlassen eines Waffenrohres unter der anströmenden Luft auf. Bei Beschüssen konnte ein ungleichmässiges Ablösen der Treibkäfigsegmente vom Wuchtgeschoss festgestellt werden. Dies kann zu einer schädlichen Pendelung des Wuchtgeschosses führen. Durch die Pendelung des Wuchtgeschosses kann sowol dessen Treffgenauigkeit wie auch dessen Durchschlagsleistung empfindlich beeinträchtigt werden. Letzteres bezieht sich vornehmlich auf die Wirkung gegen neuartige Ziele, die sowohl besonders lange Wuchtgeschosse wie auch deren weitestgehende Pendelungsfreiheit erforderlich machen. Untersuchungen zum Verhalten von Wuchtgeschoss-Treibkäfig-Anordnung ergaben, dass im Bereich um den Vorderteil des Wuchtgeschosses instabile Strömungsverhältnisse auftreten können, die das gleichmässige segmentweise Ablösen des Treibkäfigs beeinträchtigen.In such a balancing ball sabot arrangement, as is known, for example, from DE-C-1 703 507, the sabot in the vicinity of the balancing ball front part has an air pocket for detaching the sabot segments from the balancing ball after leaving a weapon barrel under the incoming air. In the event of shelling, an uneven detachment of the sabot segments from the balancing bullet was found. This can lead to a harmful swinging of the balancing bullet. The swinging of the balancing bullet can impact its accuracy as well as its penetration performance. The latter primarily relates to the effect against new types of targets, which require both particularly long balancing bullets and the greatest possible freedom of oscillation. Investigations into the behavior of the balancing block / sabot arrangement showed that unstable flow conditions can occur in the area around the front part of the balancing block, which impair the uniform segment-wise detachment of the sabot.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Wuchtgeschoss Druckschwankungen vom Treibkäfig fernzuhalten und dadurch ein gleichmässiges Ablösen der Treibkäfigsegmente vom Geschosskörper zu erreichen.The invention is based on the object of keeping pressure fluctuations away from the sabot in a balancing projectile and thereby achieving a uniform detachment of the sabot segments from the projectile body.

Die zur Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe wesentlichen Merkmale der Erfindung sind im Patentanspruch 1 genannt. Die Unteransprüche nennen Ausführungsarten der Erfindung.The essential features of the invention to achieve the object are mentioned in claim 1. The subclaims list embodiments of the invention.

Aus der DE-A-3 047 517 ist eine mit einem Treibring an einem Geschoss verbundene Haube, die die Geschossspitze übergreift und die mit einer Luftanströmfläche versehen ist, bekannt. Hier soll die Haube als Hebelarm wirkend durch die anströmende Luft den Treibring vom Geschosskörper entkuppeln. Diese Anordnung ist sehr aufwendig. Hier wird die Haube vorderseitig von Luft unmittelbar angeströmt. Mittel zur Beeinflussung dieser Strömung im Sinne einer verbesserten Ablösung der Haube sind nicht vorgesehen.From DE-A-3 047 517 a hood connected to a driving ring on a projectile, which covers the projectile tip and which is provided with an air inflow surface, is known. Here, the hood, acting as a lever arm, is intended to decouple the drive ring from the projectile body by the inflowing air. This arrangement is very complex. Here air flows directly onto the hood from the front. Means for influencing this flow in the sense of an improved detachment of the hood are not provided.

Aus der ΠS-A- 3446147 ist eine mit dem Treibkäfig verbundene Haube bekannt, die sich bereits beim Abschuss im Waffenrohr zerlegt. Irgend ein Einfluss auf das Ablöseverhalten des Treibkäfigs ist dort nicht vorhanden.From ΠS-A-3446147 a hood connected to the sabot is known, which breaks down in the gun barrel when it is shot down. There is no influence on the detachment behavior of the sabot.

Aus der US-A-3747533 ist ebenfalls eine mit einem Treibkäfig verbundene Haube bekannt, die sich zugleich mit dem Treibkäfig durch Zentrifugalwirkung vom Geschoss trennt. Erst danach soll die anströmende Luft auf die Geschossspitze im Sinne der Zerlegung eines Übungsgeschosses einwirken. Auch daraus ist kein Hinweis auf die Verbesserung der Ablösung von Treibkäfigsegmenten zu entnehmen.From US-A-3747533 a hood connected to a sabot is also known, which at the same time separates from the projectile by centrifugal action with the sabot. Only then should the incoming air act on the top of the floor in the sense of disassembling a training floor. From this, too, there is no indication of the improvement in the detachment of sabot segments.

Die Zeichnung zeigt Ausführungsformen des neuen Wuchtgeschosses mit einer als Spitzenkörper bezeichneten Haube. Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand zweier in der Zeichnung dargestellter bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The drawing shows embodiments of the new balancing projectile with a hood designated as a tip body. The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to two preferred exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.

Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 einen ersten Spitzenkörper nach der Erfindung im teilweisen längsaxialen Schnitt,
  • Fig. 2 den Spitzenkörper im Schnitt nach der Linie 11 - II in Fig. 1 und
  • Fig. 3 einen zweiten Spitzenkörper nach der Erfindung ausschnittweise und im teilweisen längsaxialen Schnitt.
Show it
  • 1 shows a first tip body according to the invention in partial longitudinal axial section,
  • Fig. 2 shows the tip body in section along the line 11 - II in Fig. 1 and
  • Fig. 3 shows a second tip body according to the invention in sections and in partial longitudinal axial section.

Nach den Fig. 1 und 2 weist ein nur teilweise dargestelltes Wuchtgeschoss 1 eine Geschossspitze 10 mit einem kreiskegelförmigen Bereich 12 auf. Der Geschossspitze 10 ist eine im wesentlichen kreiszylindrische Kunststoffhaube 14 mit längsaxialen Ausnehmungen 13 und einer eingezogenen vorderseitigen Anströmfläche 15 aufgeschoben und angeklebt. Die Kunststoffhaube 14 stützt sich mit einer rückseitigen Innenfläche 19 auf einer geschossumfangsseitigen Gegenfläche 18 ab und weist einen Aussendurchmesser 16 auf, der näherungsweise einem grössten Aussendurchmesser 17 des Wuchtgeschosses 1 entspricht.According to FIGS. 1 and 2, a balancing bullet 1, which is only partially shown, has a bullet tip 10 with a circular-conical area 12. The projectile tip 10 is an essentially circular cylindrical plastic hood 14 with longitudinally axial recesses 13 and a retracted front inflow surface 15 pushed on and glued. The plastic hood 14 is supported with a rear inner surface 19 on a floor surface-side counter surface 18 and has an outer diameter 16 which approximately corresponds to a largest outer diameter 17 of the balancing bullet 1.

Nach der Fig. 3 ist auf einer nur ausschnittweise dargestellten Geschossspitze 11 ein Körper 20 befestigt. Durch letzteren wird in einem Bereich 21 ein Durchmesser 22 der Geschossspitze um ein vorgebbares Mass vergrössert.According to FIG. 3, a body 20 is fastened on a projectile tip 11, which is only shown in part. As a result of the latter, a diameter 22 of the projectile tip is increased by a predeterminable amount in an area 21.

Der Körper 20 besteht aus einem Werkstoff, der sich unter der Reibung der anströmenden Luft nach dem Verlassen des Waffenrohres durch Schmelzen, Erweichen und/oder Verbrennen verbraucht. Neben einem Thermoplast eignen sich beispielsweise Wood'sches oder Rose's Metall oder eine Magnesiumlegierung.The body 20 consists of a material that is consumed by melting, softening and / or burning under the friction of the incoming air after leaving the weapon barrel. In addition to a thermoplastic, Wood's or Rose's metal or a magnesium alloy are suitable.

Verlässt eine Wuchtgeschoss-Treibkäfiganordnung mit einem der Spitzenkörper 14 oder 20 nach der Erfindung das Waffenrohr in Richtung eines Pfeils S, verhindert der betreffende Spitzenkörper infolge seines jeweiligen Durchmessers, dass sich Druckschwankungen störend auf den Ablösevorgang der Treibkäfigsegmente auswirken. Hierfür wird ein ungünstiger cw-Beiwert im Spitzenbereich in Kauf genommen. Nach dem ungestörten Ablösevorgang werden bei der Kunststoffhaube 14 unter dem Staudruck der Luft im Bereich der Anströmfläche 15 die Sollbruchstellen 13 wirksam. Die Kunststoffbruchstücke trennen sich von der Geschossspitze 10 und es stellt sich augenblicklich ein günstigerer cw-Beiwert ein.If a balancing bullet sabot arrangement with one of the tip bodies 14 or 20 according to the invention leaves the weapon barrel in the direction of an arrow S, the tip body in question, owing to its respective diameter, prevents pressure fluctuations from interfering with the detaching process of the sabot segments. For this, an unfavorable drag coefficient in the top range is accepted. After the undisturbed detachment process, the predetermined breaking points 13 take effect in the plastic hood 14 under the dynamic pressure of the air in the region of the inflow surface 15. The plastic fragments separate from the projectile tip 10 and there is an instantaneous more favorable drag coefficient.

Im Falle des Körpers 20 stellt sich der günstigere cw-Beiwert nach dem Verbrauch des Werkstoffs des Körpers 20 ein.In the case of the body 20, the more favorable c w coefficient arises after the consumption of the material of the body 20.

Die Erfindung zeichnet sich aus durch gute Wirksamkeit bei Einfachheit und geringen Kosten.The invention is characterized by good effectiveness with simplicity and low costs.

Claims (4)

1. Projectile with an armour-piercing core, a high length-to diameter ratio, a segmental sabot which embraces the body of the projectile and wherein the segments during the passage through the barrel of the weapon are secured in the body of the projectile by force-locked connection means, the sabot having at the front a trough-shaped recess which, after the projectile has left the barrel and by reason of the excess pressure caused in the said recess by the incident flow of air, causes the segments to expand from the front, characterized by the fact that the nose (10) of the projectile is provided with a cap (14) which increases in diameter and which protects the sabot from pressure fluctuations until the segments have been separated from the body (1) of the projectile and which thus restores the original Cw-coefficient of the projectile, which had been worsened as a result of the cap (14).
2. Projectile in accordance with Claim 1, characterized by the following features:
a) the cap (14) is cylindrical and has an external diameter (16) which approximately corresponds to the maximum external diameter (17) of the projectile (1) and is mounted on a zone (12) of the nose (10) of the projectile which has substantially the shape of a circular cone,
b) the cap (14) is delimited in the front by a recessed approach-flow surface (15) and is provided, in order to form preset breaking points, with peripheral recesses (13) parallel to the longitudinal axis.
c) the approach-flow surface (15) and the recesses (13) being so shaped that under the approach-flow pressure of the air, after the projectile has left the barrel of the weapon, they do not cause the cap (14) to break and to detach itself from the nose (10) of the projectile until after the detachment of the sabot.
3. Projectile in accordance with Claim 2, characterized by the fact that the cap (14) comprises a low-density material, such as plastic.
4. Projectile in accordance with Claim 1, characterized by the fact that the cap (14) affixed to the nose (11) of the projectile comprises a body (20) made of a material which, under the friction of the approaching air flow, after the projectile has left the barrel of the weapon and after the sabot has become detached, is consumed by melting, softening and/or combustion.
EP84104043A 1983-04-23 1984-04-11 Nose cap for a projectile with an armour-piercing core Expired EP0123978B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84104043T ATE31364T1 (en) 1983-04-23 1984-04-11 POINT BODY FOR AN IMPACT BULLET.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3314751 1983-04-23
DE19833314751 DE3314751A1 (en) 1983-04-23 1983-04-23 LACE BODY FOR A BALANCE SHEET

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0123978A2 EP0123978A2 (en) 1984-11-07
EP0123978A3 EP0123978A3 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0123978B1 true EP0123978B1 (en) 1987-12-09

Family

ID=6197166

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84104043A Expired EP0123978B1 (en) 1983-04-23 1984-04-11 Nose cap for a projectile with an armour-piercing core

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4714024A (en)
EP (1) EP0123978B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE31364T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3314751A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3419110A1 (en) * 1984-05-23 1992-04-02 Dynamit Nobel Ag BULLET WITH THE HOOD ON
DE3609092A1 (en) * 1986-03-19 1990-11-22 Rheinmetall Gmbh BULLET FOR A TUBE ARM TO FIGHT ACTIVE AND PASSIVELY REACTIVE SPECIAL ARMOR
DE3632629A1 (en) * 1986-09-25 1988-04-07 Rodenstock Optik G Tiltable glasses
US5138949A (en) * 1990-09-20 1992-08-18 Olin Corporation Combustible ammunition cartridge case
US5870647A (en) * 1992-11-09 1999-02-09 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Pedestal for supporting equipment
US5323708A (en) * 1993-03-29 1994-06-28 Aerojet-General Corporation Clip-lock sabot cap
DE102019113325A1 (en) * 2019-05-20 2020-11-26 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Penetrator, use of a penetrator and bullet
US20230358518A1 (en) * 2022-05-05 2023-11-09 Raytheon Company Sabot or cover for seekers, sensitive windows and surface elements on gun launched munitions

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1703507C (en) * 1968-05-31 1973-04-26 Rheinmetaü GmbH, 4000 Dusseldorf Wing stabilized undercarriage

Family Cites Families (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2401380A (en) * 1941-12-15 1946-06-04 Alfred F Teitscheid Projectile cap
US3148472A (en) * 1962-06-11 1964-09-15 Edward N Hegge Subcaliber projectile and sabot for high velocity firearms
CH453955A (en) * 1966-03-04 1968-03-31 Oerlikon Buehrle Holding Ag Sabot bullet
BE755246A (en) * 1969-09-23 1971-02-01 Pacific Technica Corp TRACING PROJECTILE
CH532240A (en) * 1970-12-08 1972-12-31 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Short course floor
US3902424A (en) * 1973-12-07 1975-09-02 Us Army Projectile
BE882272A (en) * 1980-03-18 1980-09-18 Herstal Sa TRAINING AMMUNITION
DE3047517A1 (en) * 1980-12-17 1982-07-01 Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Gmbh, 7238 Oberndorf Practice shell with driving ring - has core inside segmented sleeve connected to grooved driving ring carrying reinforcing ring
US4405100A (en) * 1981-02-20 1983-09-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Turbulence generator for maximizing configuration tolerances of free flight ordnance

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1703507C (en) * 1968-05-31 1973-04-26 Rheinmetaü GmbH, 4000 Dusseldorf Wing stabilized undercarriage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE31364T1 (en) 1987-12-15
DE3468072D1 (en) 1988-01-21
EP0123978A2 (en) 1984-11-07
EP0123978A3 (en) 1985-05-15
US4714024A (en) 1987-12-22
DE3314751A1 (en) 1984-10-25

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