Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
  • D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
  • D04H1/43832—Composite fibres side-by-side
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
  • D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4391—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
  • D04H1/43918—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres nonlinear fibres, e.g. crimped or coiled fibres

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for producing an elastic, non-woven filler or cushioning material with a density of 0.005 to 0.05 g / cm 3 according to the preamble of claim 1.
• a method of this type is known from EP-OS 42 150.
• a nonwoven made of a fiber mixture with low-melting, shrinkable and higher-melting, crimpable fibers is subjected to a heat treatment such that the temperature lies between the softening temperatures of the two types of fibers.
• the low-melting component shrinks, the higher-melting component ripples and a bulky padding material is created by these processes.
• the softening of the low-melting fibers leads to an adhesive binding at the fiber crossing points.
• the method mentioned requires an exact temperature control with respect to each point of the nonwoven, since even slight deviations negatively influence the melting, shrinking and crimping behavior of the fiber components. Furthermore, the simultaneous laying down of two types of fibers in a defined spatial and quantitative relationship to one another can only be achieved with a high outlay in process control during spinning and during the formation of nonwovens.
• a method using only one shrinkable type of fiber is described in EP-OS 38 887.
• the bonding of the fibers in the nonwoven is achieved in that shrinked and crimped fibers are sprayed with a hot melt adhesive before being deposited into a nonwoven.
• the surface of the filler nonwoven thus formed is sprayed again with binder in a further process step.
• Subsequent thermal softening of the binder creates a bond between the fibers at their crossing points and on the nonwoven surface.
• the crimping of the fibers by heating fixed and the binder stabilized at the same time.
• a disadvantage here is the fact that the individual fibers remain stiff despite their crimping, since the binder is located on the entire outer surface of the fibers after shrinkage and thus blocks a resilient movement. This has a negative effect on the stretchability of the filler nonwoven. Furthermore, the relatively high amount of binder causes sticking at too many places in the fiber fabric, which leads to stiffening and irregularities in the filler; this limits its possible use, for example in sports clothing, where high flexibility is required.
• DE-AS 12 20 141 contains a method in which a nonwoven fabric made of latent shrinkable or crimpable fibers is solidified solely by needle treatment and then shrunk.
• this method is only suitable for the production of compact felt materials and would in no way guarantee the required cohesion of the fibers when applied to bulky fillers.
• the invention has for its object to develop a method of the type mentioned in such a way that the disadvantages mentioned are avoided.
• the method is intended in particular to provide a filler or upholstery material whose softness, bulk and extensibility outperforms the products previously manufactured using similar methods. These properties should go hand in hand with such a strength that the fillers, even as wadding in sports clothing, can withstand high loads with regard to tensile, compressive and crushable properties. Furthermore, the thermal insulation qualities important for this area of application are to be improved at the same time.
• a non-woven filler or upholstery material with a density of 0.005 to 0.05 g / cm 3 is obtained by forming a nonwoven scrim with a proportion of at least 30% by weight of latently crimpable fibers and a binder on both sides this fleece sprays, the fleece dries at a temperature below which there is no crimping of the fibers, and then the shrinkage of the fleece is initiated by subjecting the fibers to a crimping process.
• All synthetic organic continuous threads and / or staple fibers can be used as latent crimpable fibers, provided that they can be shortened to a substantial extent by at least 15%.
• the shortening should preferably be done by crimping.
• thermoplastic fibers are those which are heat-set in their manufacture in a highly twisted state and are then untwisted at a lower temperature.
• a third preferred type of fiber consists of edge-shrunk yarn. These are fibers whose crimpability is based on one-sided molecular orientation disorders.
• the fleece is produced by carding or carding.
• the fiber structure should consist of at least 30% by weight, preferably more than 50% by weight, of latent crimpable fibers. Falling below the value of 30% by weight leads to products with insufficient stretchability.
• a fleece will be used that consists entirely of latent crimpable fibers. Otherwise, the crimpable fibers in a fiber mixture should contain as many crimps as possible, provided that the carding process or the uniformity of the fleece are not impaired thereby. Fibers with a low number of crimps negatively influence the elasticity of the filler.
• a preferred process variant includes a needling process after the fleece has been laid.
• a binder for example acrylic resin emulsion
• a binder for example acrylic resin emulsion
• good values for stretchability, thickness elasticity and bulk are only achieved if the adhesive dots are distributed three-dimensionally; therefore a spraying process is necessary.
• hot melt adhesive fibers can also be used the fleece must be mixed in to achieve a three-dimensional adhesive dot distribution.
• the three-dimensional distribution of the adhesive dots can preferably also be ensured by spraying the fleece on both sides with adhesive.
• the nonwoven fabric After the adhesive treatment, the nonwoven fabric is subjected to drying in order to achieve the necessary fiber-fiber bond.
• the temperature must in no case reach the values which initiate crimping, since otherwise uneven shrinkage would result in the fiber composite as a result of simultaneous gluing and crimping, which would result in undesired deformation and / or inadequate elongation properties of the end product.
• the crimping process of the fibers is initiated. This can be done, for example, by the action of heat below the melting point. In order to maintain the stretching behavior and bulkiness of the product, no tension should be exerted on the nonwoven that would hinder its shrinking in one direction.
• the fiber density of the resulting filler or upholstery material should be 0.005 to 0.05 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.1 to 0.03 g / cm 3 in view of thermal insulation properties and tensile strength,
• the nonwoven filling and cushioning nonwovens produced according to the above procedure are characterized by high values for bulk and elasticity. Furthermore, the fact that, according to the invention, a large number of fiber crimps remain unbound, the stretching behavior is uniform and satisfactory on all sides.
• a further advantage consists in the agreement that by the binder-spraying high Waschbeuri g ness of the product, which is particularly for use in sports and winter clothing beneficial. Due to the excellent thermal insulation properties, such fillers are also well suited for bedding, sleeping bags and gloves.
• the "percent permanent set" is used as a measure of the stretchability. It is based on measurement data according to the Japanese standard JIS L-1080. Here, the sample is stretched to 40 degrees and then allowed to reform. After repeating this process ten times, the quotient is formed from the remaining length to the initial length of the sample and converted into percent.
• the fibers had a crimp of 13 crimps / cm (34 / inch) and the degree of shrinkage of the nonwoven was 17% in the longitudinal direction and 23% in the transverse direction.
• the resulting upholstery fabric had a specific weight of 70 g / m 2 , a thickness of 7 mm and an apparent density of 0.01 g / cm 3 .
• the permanent deformation which is a measure of the stretchability of the upholstery material, was 25% in the longitudinal and 15% in the transverse direction. These values show a very good stretchability.
• the filler showed good stretchability after dry cleaning, with values for the permanent deformation of 3.5% in the longitudinal direction and 2.0% in the transverse direction. So there was a high resistance to dry cleaning.
• the filler obtained in this way could not be measured for its longitudinal stretchability, since it did not withstand a 40% change in length and broke. In the transverse direction, too, there were poor tensile qualities with a residual deformation of 15%.
• the cushion or filler thus obtained had a specific weight of 130 g / m 2 , a thickness of 6 mm and an apparent density of 0.022 g / cm 3 .
• the percentage permanent deformation was 1.5 110 in the longitudinal direction and 1.0% in the transverse direction; the product therefore had better values than that in Example 1.
• This improvement in strength through needle treatment makes the fillers produced according to the invention particularly suitable for use in sports clothing.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=13061774

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1983
  • 1983-03-31 JP JP58057650A patent/JPS59207182A/ja active Granted
• 1984
  • 1984-02-02 EP EP84101053A patent/EP0123794A3/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (3)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events