EP0119928A1 - Anziehwerkzeug mit Anzeige des Anzugsdrehmoments - Google Patents

Anziehwerkzeug mit Anzeige des Anzugsdrehmoments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0119928A1
EP0119928A1 EP84400536A EP84400536A EP0119928A1 EP 0119928 A1 EP0119928 A1 EP 0119928A1 EP 84400536 A EP84400536 A EP 84400536A EP 84400536 A EP84400536 A EP 84400536A EP 0119928 A1 EP0119928 A1 EP 0119928A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
torque
tool
tightening
setpoint
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84400536A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Pierre Petit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Facom SA
Original Assignee
Facom SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Facom SA filed Critical Facom SA
Publication of EP0119928A1 publication Critical patent/EP0119928A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/142Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/1422Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters
    • B25B23/1425Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers specially adapted for hand operated wrenches or screwdrivers torque indicators or adjustable torque limiters by electrical means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to tightening tools such as keys, screwdrivers or the like by means of which one can tighten parts with a predetermined torque.
  • These tools called dynamometric have been known for a long time and we have tried to improve them in the direction of a more practical use by providing in the tool electronic display means, for example by light-emitting diodes, making it possible to make the value directly readable. of the torque actually applied to the part to be clamped.
  • the electronic circuit requires a power supply which, due to the limited space available in the tool, cannot be bulky. In this way, the autonomy of the tool in terms of the supply of electrical energy is low.
  • the display being produced behind a window on the handle of the tool, it is often hidden from view during use in places that are not easily accessible. This is particularly troublesome in the case of screwdrivers which are rotated during tightening.
  • the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks.
  • a dynamometric tightening device comprising a tightening tool such as a wrench, screwdriver or other, the tightening torque being captured and displayed to allow the control of the torque exerted on the part to be tightened, characterized in that said tool comprises means emitting radiation carrying information relating to said couple and in that said tool is associated with means receiving said radiation provided with means for remote display of said couple.
  • a tightening tool such as a wrench, screwdriver or other
  • a device thus arranged makes it possible to provide a display device in an autonomous box placed near the workplace and receiving the radiation carrying information concerning the torque which is applied using the tool.
  • the housing can be placed in an easily visible location and the display have a large dimension because it is not able to impose dimensional constraints for the production of the housing. This can include battery power or even mains power.
  • the transmission means can be of small dimensions, entirely compatible with the space available in the handle of the tool.
  • FIG 1 there is shown a dynamometric tightening device according to the invention.
  • This device comprises a tool 1. the mechanical part of which can be designed according to the prior art, its characteristics therefore not forming part of the invention.
  • the handle of this tool is of square or rectangular section, each side face of which receives, at least in the example described, emitting diodes .3a and 3b.
  • the handle is also provided with a keyboard 4 comprising selection keys, an on-off key 5 and a test key 6.
  • Fig. 1A shows that the two diodes.3a and 3b which are respectively mounted in the four faces of the handle 2 are arranged at 90 ° from one another and they emit in a 90 ° opening cone.
  • the radiation pattern is therefore omnidirectional.
  • other emission devices are possible such as for example a round tube or the like.
  • the radiation used is located in the infrared range, at a wavelength which can be chosen between 200 and 1200 nm, for example.
  • the tool 1 is associated with a box 7 for receiving radiation and for displaying.
  • This box contains diodes receiving the radiation emitted by the emitting diodes 3a and 3b., These receiving diodes 8a and 8b being placed behind windows 9 arranged in the upper surface of the device. It is also possible to use a single diode receiving the radiation in a cone of about 120 °.
  • the radiation has a wavelength situated in the infrared range.
  • the housing 7 also includes a display window 9 provided with any display device known in the art. Light-emitting diodes or liquid crystals may be suitable for example. On this housing are also provided a light-emitting diode 10 which lights up under certain operating conditions of the device, a loudspeaker 11 which produces a sound also under certain operating conditions, a volume control button 12 for the loudspeaker 11, a setpoint selector 13 with four positions for example, a clearance 14. setpoint locking buttons, an on-off button 15, a test button 16, a programming button 17 and a selector 18 for changing the units displayed by the device.
  • the housing 7 can be moreover, provided with a mains supply associated or not with a battery or the like allowing its autonomous operation.
  • Fig. 2 shows another tool consisting of a screwdriver.
  • the latter is provided with the same elements as the key of FIG. 1 except that the emitting diodes are arranged in a resistor zone 19 allowing lateral radiation over 360 ° of the screwdriver.
  • Fig. 3 represents a simplified diagram of the circuit of the transmitter placed in the tool 1.
  • the latter comprises sensors 20 of the applied torque, the output signal of these sensors being transmitted to a differential amplifier 21.
  • the latter is connected by its output to a processing circuit 22 which preferably comprises a microprocessor.
  • the functions performed by the processing circuit 22 are as follows. - First of all, it ensures the conversion of the analog values supplied by the differential amplifier 21 into digital values capable of being processed by the microprocessor. The latter ensures the coding of the digital values thus obtained in a series of pulses modulated in position.
  • the message prepared in the transmitter is composed of wave train packets, each packet comprising an identification part of the tool in question as well as a digital part representing in particular the value of the applied torque by the tool to a part to be tightened.
  • the part of the package containing a numerical value representing a torque can be a set value which the user can choose using his keyboard 4 and which is then sent, then received and stored in the housing 7.
  • the pulse trains prepared in the processing circuit 22 are applied to a power stage 23 controlling, at the rate of the pulses received, the emitting diodes 3a and 3b by an all or nothing signal.
  • the processing circuit is connected to the keyboard 4, to the test button 6 and to a supply circuit 24 by means of the on-off button 5.
  • the microprocessor is associated with a sequencer circuit 25. which ensures that the transmitter only provides an output signal when it is strictly necessary. The operating mode ensured by this sequencer will be explained later in connection with FIG. 5.
  • the processing circuit 22 includes means making it possible to sweep the pulses. Indeed, if several devices according to the invention are used in the same room, it is important that the signals coming from different transmitters cannot interfere and the fact of sweeping the signal makes it possible to limit the interference between several transmissions.
  • Fig. 4 shows a simplified diagram of the circuit housed in the housing 7.
  • This housing firstly comprises a circuit 26 intended to shape the signals which are applied to it by means of the diodes 8a and 8b.
  • the formatted signals are transmitted to a processing and decoding unit 27 which is preferably produced in the form of a microprocessor.
  • This microprocessor is connected to the various members controlled by the buttons which have been listed above during the description of the housing 7.
  • the box 7 also includes a supply circuit 29 as well as a sequencer 30.
  • a specific output 31 intended for the transmission of the information collected by the unit to a recording device 32 outside the device.
  • This recording device can optionally receive information from several devices according to the invention, placed in the same room or workshop for example.
  • the operation of the apparatus according to the invention is as follows.
  • a user wishes to apply a given torque to a part to be tightened, he selects this torque using the keyboard 4 whereby the emitter circuit of FIG. 3 emits a train of pulses representing on the one hand the identification of the tool and on the other hand the value of this couple.
  • This torque which is then considered as the setpoint, is received in the housing 7 and stored in the processing unit 27. It is also stored in the processing and control circuit 22 of the transmitter.
  • the set value can be displayed by the display device 9 on the housing 7.
  • Part of the program implemented in the processing circuit 22 is illustrated by the flow diagram of FIG. 5A this program being executed when the user proceeds to tighten the part up to the setpoint torque which has just been stored both in the tool 1 and in the housing 7.
  • the program performs several tests to find out whether the applied torque corresponds to 10%, 50%, 80%, and finally 100% of the programmed setpoint torque.
  • the microprocessor of the processing circuit 22 is capable of controlling the sequencer 25 in such a way that it locks the operation of the sensors 20 for predetermined periods of time, the length of these periods being all the shorter as the value of the tightening torque approaches the setpoint torque value.
  • the sequencer .25 orders measurements which are spaced in time, respectively 500. ms, 100 ms, 50 ms and 20 ms, for example.
  • the processing circuit comprises four timing members which can, for example, be embodied in registers of the microprocessor of this circuit. These registers being decremented at the rate of a basic clock which is part of this Der- n i e r.Avant to be decremented, each of the registers contains a value that, given the clock frequency , establishes one of the time periods mentioned above.
  • the flow diagram of FIG. 5 also reveals another feature of the invention which makes it possible to avoid that, when the user releases his effort during a tightening procedure, the process immediately falls back to too low an analysis speed, which could be dangerous for the work in progress if the user makes a sudden movement.
  • a period of time of a predetermined length (of 5 seconds for example) is triggered and the program then ensures that, during this period, the succession of measurements is spaced in time by an interval which corresponds to that established before these 5 seconds begin.
  • timing registers 37, 38 and 39 are therefore provided capable of establishing a predetermined period of time (5 seconds for example) as a function of the frequency of the clock. basic.
  • the program thus proceeds as follows according to the flow diagram of FIG. 5.
  • the test at 40 receives a positive response and the program then goes to a test 42 C>, C to find out if the tightening torque is greater than or equal to the torque setpoint. If the test is negative, the program performs another test at 43 to see if the tightening torque is greater than or equal to 80% of the setpoint torque and if this test is also negative, another test at 44 is carried out to see if the tightening torque is equal to or greater than 50% of the setpoint torque. If the response to this test is also negative, the timer 37 is started for a duration here fixed at 5 seconds.
  • two successive tests at 45 and 46 are carried out to find out whether the timing devices TD, TE have arrived at the value 0. If the first test proves positive , the second is performed and if the second receives a positive response in turn, the sequencer 25 is controlled via the timing circuit 34 to establish a spacing between the measurements of 100 milliseconds. If this last test in 46 receives a negative response, the same sequencer is controlled to space out the measurements by 50 milliseconds thanks to the timing device 35. If, on the other hand, the test at 45 receives a negative response, the timing device 36 is started to space the measurements by 20 milliseconds only. This means that the tightening torque exceeds 80% of the setpoint torque. If the test at 43 receives a positive response, the three timing members 37, 38, 39 are started for 5 seconds to maintain in any case a time interval between the measurements of 20 milliseconds.
  • the applied torque is equal to the setpoint torque and a signal is delivered which, via the transmission and reception diodes and the circuits of the housing 7, trigger the loudspeaker 11 and / or the signaling diode 10.
  • the emitting diodes 3a and 3b of the tool transmit data packets at the intervals fixed as a function of the torque applied, by the timing members 33 to 36, to the receiving diodes 8a and 8b, each packet being formed by an identification part and a numerical part representing the value of the applied torque. This is permanently visible on display 9.
  • each tool emits packets of pulses P a , P b , P c etc ... and P a-1 , P b-1 , P c-1 , etc ... each composed of an identification part ID and a digital part NM representing the value of a setpoint torque to be transmitted or of an applied torque, measured at the instant considered.
  • the intervals between the pulse packets T a , T b , T c , etc ... and T a-1 , T b-1 , T c-1 , etc ... are not constant but randomly variable over a period involving the emission of sixteen successive packets of pulses.
  • the interval T a can last 5 ms
  • the interval T b , 7 ms, the interval T c B ms, etc. the same intervals being again successively established after transmission of 16 pulse packets.
  • the processing units 37 of the boxes 7, will interpret the signals received as being false.
  • the coincidence of two packets of pulses from two tools cannot therefore hinder a faithful transmission of information since the following packets of pulses will have an extremely low probability of coincidence.
  • the pulses of each pulse pack are modulated in position to transmit the tool number and the torque value considered; their duration can be 100 ⁇ s, for example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
EP84400536A 1983-03-17 1984-03-15 Anziehwerkzeug mit Anzeige des Anzugsdrehmoments Withdrawn EP0119928A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8304381A FR2542657B1 (fr) 1983-03-17 1983-03-17 Appareil de serrage dynamometrique
FR8304381 1983-03-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0119928A1 true EP0119928A1 (de) 1984-09-26

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EP84400536A Withdrawn EP0119928A1 (de) 1983-03-17 1984-03-15 Anziehwerkzeug mit Anzeige des Anzugsdrehmoments

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4562746A (de)
EP (1) EP0119928A1 (de)
ES (1) ES8505571A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2542657B1 (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0172120A1 (de) * 1984-07-23 1986-02-19 SAM OUTILLAGE Société Anonyme Elektronischer Drehmomentschlüssel
FR2584494A1 (fr) * 1985-07-02 1987-01-09 Renault Innovation Georges Dispositif polyvalent d'etalonnage et de controle du couple de serrage d'un organe de liaison du type vis-ecrou.
WO1990000787A1 (en) * 1988-07-06 1990-01-25 Datakalkyl I Örebro Ab Length measuring method and means
EP0652080A1 (de) * 1993-10-26 1995-05-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Schlag- oder Impulsschraubverfahren
EP0723839A1 (de) * 1995-01-28 1996-07-31 Hazet-Werk Hermann Zerver GmbH & Co. KG Drehmomentschlüssel
EP1038638A1 (de) * 1999-03-22 2000-09-27 Raimund Wilhelm Drehmomentschlüssel
US6148700A (en) * 1998-03-04 2000-11-21 Upholz; Michael R. Spring winding device
WO2003041914A2 (en) * 2001-11-14 2003-05-22 Snap-On Technologies, Inc. Electronic torque wrench
FR2843326A1 (fr) * 2002-08-12 2004-02-13 One Too Cle dynamometrique
EP1532344A2 (de) * 2002-06-27 2005-05-25 Snap-on Incorporated Werkzeugvorrichtung, system und verwendungsverfahren
US7054696B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2006-05-30 Black & Decker Inc. System and method for data retrieval in AC power tools via an AC line cord
US7330129B2 (en) 2003-07-16 2008-02-12 Black & Decker Inc. System and method for data retrieval in AC power tools via an AC line cord

Families Citing this family (20)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4693125A (en) * 1985-10-08 1987-09-15 Outdoor Electronics, Ltd. Force detecting and indicating apparatus for fishing rods
US4716614A (en) * 1985-11-07 1988-01-05 Jones Arthur R Device for monitoring the process of toothbrushing
SE464960B (sv) * 1990-03-09 1991-07-08 Nobelpharma Ab Vridaatdragare foer benfoerankrings- eller implantatelement/-verktyg
DE4017984A1 (de) * 1990-06-05 1991-12-12 Mohilo Oskar Adapter fuer schraubenschluessel
US5937370A (en) * 1997-09-17 1999-08-10 C.E. Electronics, Inc. Tool monitor and assembly qualifier
US6070506A (en) * 1998-07-20 2000-06-06 Snap-On Tools Company Ratchet head electronic torque wrench
US6463811B1 (en) 1999-04-28 2002-10-15 Snap-On Tools Company Bending beam torque wrench
FR2842448B1 (fr) * 2002-07-17 2004-10-22 Facom Outil dynamometrique
US6941817B2 (en) * 2003-08-26 2005-09-13 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Shaft delashing method and assembly with wireless interface
FR2868722B1 (fr) * 2004-04-09 2007-06-15 Facom Sa Outil, notamment cle, dynamometrique et procede de serrage au couple
FR2868721B1 (fr) * 2004-04-09 2007-06-15 Facom Sa Support de moyens electriques/electroniques et/ou d'alimentation electrique pour un outil dynamometrique a main, notamment pour une cle a rupture d'equilibre mecanique
FR2868723B1 (fr) * 2004-04-09 2006-07-21 Facom Sa Outil, notamment cle, dynamometrique et procede de detection de rupture d'equilibre lors d'un serrage au couple
EP1591206B1 (de) * 2004-04-09 2015-02-11 Stanley Works (Europe) GmbH Drehmoment-Werkzeug, insbesondere Schlüssel und Verfahren zur Detektion des Endes eines Gleichgewichtszustands während der Aufbringung eines Drehmoments
US20050092143A1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2005-05-05 Lehnert Mark W. Position sensing electronic torque wrench
US20080127711A1 (en) * 2006-12-04 2008-06-05 Farag Tarek A Z Force and Torque Measurements with Calibration and Auto Scale
US20080319570A1 (en) * 2007-06-25 2008-12-25 Van Schoiack Michael M System and method for fastener installation
TW200950306A (en) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-01 Mobiletron Electronics Co Ltd Electric motor resistance torque control and battery discharging protection circuit
US8201464B2 (en) * 2008-09-02 2012-06-19 Easco Hand Tools Inc Electronic torque wrench with a manual input device
US20160161354A1 (en) * 2014-12-07 2016-06-09 Zheng-Cong Jiang Calibration tool for torque wrench
TWI606893B (zh) * 2015-01-30 2017-12-01 優鋼機械股份有限公司 Electronic torque wrench with warning function

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FR2261843A1 (de) * 1974-02-26 1975-09-19 Black & Decker Ltd
US4006629A (en) * 1975-07-17 1977-02-08 Gse, Inc. Torque measuring apparatus
FR2359397A1 (fr) * 1976-07-23 1978-02-17 Groux Sa Appareil pour la mesure d'une grandeur physique
DE2719937A1 (de) * 1977-05-04 1978-11-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Messvorrichtung zur drahtlosen erfassung von messwerten aus einer elektrischen anlage
FR2432917A1 (fr) * 1978-08-08 1980-03-07 Sps Technologies Appareil de serrage permettant d'atteindre des conditions determinees de serrage et dispositif de commande utilisable dans un tel appareil
FR2444267A1 (fr) * 1978-12-14 1980-07-11 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Procede et dispositif pour la mesure de la tension de serrage de boulons
DE2843406A1 (de) * 1978-10-05 1980-08-28 Hazet Werk Zerver Hermann Vorrichtung zum drehwinkelgesteuerten anziehen einer schraubverbindung
GB1576006A (en) * 1970-12-08 1980-10-01 Secr Defence Methods of monitoring machines
DE3109166A1 (de) * 1981-03-11 1983-01-13 Preh, Elektrofeinmechanische Werke, Jakob Preh, Nachf. Gmbh & Co, 8740 Bad Neustadt Mit einem mikrocomputer gesteuertes fernbedienungssystem

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SU637737A1 (ru) * 1977-06-07 1978-12-15 Gurenko Vitalij D Устройство дл передачи информации с вращающегос вала
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GB1576006A (en) * 1970-12-08 1980-10-01 Secr Defence Methods of monitoring machines
FR2261843A1 (de) * 1974-02-26 1975-09-19 Black & Decker Ltd
US4006629A (en) * 1975-07-17 1977-02-08 Gse, Inc. Torque measuring apparatus
FR2359397A1 (fr) * 1976-07-23 1978-02-17 Groux Sa Appareil pour la mesure d'une grandeur physique
DE2719937A1 (de) * 1977-05-04 1978-11-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Messvorrichtung zur drahtlosen erfassung von messwerten aus einer elektrischen anlage
FR2432917A1 (fr) * 1978-08-08 1980-03-07 Sps Technologies Appareil de serrage permettant d'atteindre des conditions determinees de serrage et dispositif de commande utilisable dans un tel appareil
DE2843406A1 (de) * 1978-10-05 1980-08-28 Hazet Werk Zerver Hermann Vorrichtung zum drehwinkelgesteuerten anziehen einer schraubverbindung
FR2444267A1 (fr) * 1978-12-14 1980-07-11 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Procede et dispositif pour la mesure de la tension de serrage de boulons
DE3109166A1 (de) * 1981-03-11 1983-01-13 Preh, Elektrofeinmechanische Werke, Jakob Preh, Nachf. Gmbh & Co, 8740 Bad Neustadt Mit einem mikrocomputer gesteuertes fernbedienungssystem

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0172120A1 (de) * 1984-07-23 1986-02-19 SAM OUTILLAGE Société Anonyme Elektronischer Drehmomentschlüssel
FR2584494A1 (fr) * 1985-07-02 1987-01-09 Renault Innovation Georges Dispositif polyvalent d'etalonnage et de controle du couple de serrage d'un organe de liaison du type vis-ecrou.
EP0210892A1 (de) * 1985-07-02 1987-02-04 GEORGES RENAULT INNOVATIONS par abrévation GRIN Vielseitige Vorrichtung zum Eichen und Prüfer des Anziehmoments eines schrauben-mutterartigen Verbindungsgliedes
WO1990000787A1 (en) * 1988-07-06 1990-01-25 Datakalkyl I Örebro Ab Length measuring method and means
US5493913A (en) * 1993-01-26 1996-02-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Power-impact or pulse screwing method
EP0652080A1 (de) * 1993-10-26 1995-05-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Schlag- oder Impulsschraubverfahren
EP0723839A1 (de) * 1995-01-28 1996-07-31 Hazet-Werk Hermann Zerver GmbH & Co. KG Drehmomentschlüssel
US6148700A (en) * 1998-03-04 2000-11-21 Upholz; Michael R. Spring winding device
EP1038638A1 (de) * 1999-03-22 2000-09-27 Raimund Wilhelm Drehmomentschlüssel
WO2003041914A2 (en) * 2001-11-14 2003-05-22 Snap-On Technologies, Inc. Electronic torque wrench
WO2003041914A3 (en) * 2001-11-14 2003-11-13 Snap On Tech Inc Electronic torque wrench
EP1532344A2 (de) * 2002-06-27 2005-05-25 Snap-on Incorporated Werkzeugvorrichtung, system und verwendungsverfahren
EP1532344A4 (de) * 2002-06-27 2007-06-13 Snap On Tools Corp Werkzeugvorrichtung, system und verwendungsverfahren
US7054696B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2006-05-30 Black & Decker Inc. System and method for data retrieval in AC power tools via an AC line cord
US7346406B2 (en) 2002-07-18 2008-03-18 Black & Decker Inc. System and method for data retrieval in AC power tools via an AC line cord
FR2843326A1 (fr) * 2002-08-12 2004-02-13 One Too Cle dynamometrique
EP1389507A1 (de) * 2002-08-12 2004-02-18 2-Pf S.A.R.L. Drehmomentschlüssel
US7330129B2 (en) 2003-07-16 2008-02-12 Black & Decker Inc. System and method for data retrieval in AC power tools via an AC line cord

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4562746A (en) 1986-01-07
FR2542657B1 (fr) 1985-11-29
ES530998A0 (es) 1985-06-01
FR2542657A1 (fr) 1984-09-21
ES8505571A1 (es) 1985-06-01

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