EP0118500B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur lösung von gas, insbesondere kohlendioxid in flüssigem brennstoff und dessen verteilung in verbrennungsluft im übersättigtem zustand - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur lösung von gas, insbesondere kohlendioxid in flüssigem brennstoff und dessen verteilung in verbrennungsluft im übersättigtem zustand Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0118500B1
EP0118500B1 EP83902808A EP83902808A EP0118500B1 EP 0118500 B1 EP0118500 B1 EP 0118500B1 EP 83902808 A EP83902808 A EP 83902808A EP 83902808 A EP83902808 A EP 83902808A EP 0118500 B1 EP0118500 B1 EP 0118500B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
fuel
solution
pressure
mixing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83902808A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0118500A1 (de
Inventor
Wolfgang Schmidtke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wolfgang Schmidtke Te Paderborn Bondsrepubliek Du
Original Assignee
Kohlensaurewerke Cg Rommenholler GmbH
KOHLENSAUREWERKE C G ROMMENHOLLER GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kohlensaurewerke Cg Rommenholler GmbH, KOHLENSAUREWERKE C G ROMMENHOLLER GmbH filed Critical Kohlensaurewerke Cg Rommenholler GmbH
Priority to AT83902808T priority Critical patent/ATE30458T1/de
Publication of EP0118500A1 publication Critical patent/EP0118500A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0118500B1 publication Critical patent/EP0118500B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B51/00—Other methods of operating engines involving pretreating of, or adding substances to, combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture of the engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/08—Preparation of fuel
    • F23K5/10—Mixing with other fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/07—Carbonators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for distributing liquid fuel in combustion air, to which the fuel is mixed via a carburetor or injector, in which gas, preferably air and / or carbon dioxide, is present in the fuel at such a solution pressure-temperature state, in which a higher Solubility of the gas as given under the mixed pressure-temperature state of the combustion air during the admixture is dissolved in such a quantity ratio that the saturation quantity ratio in the mixed-pressure temperature state is exceeded, and this solution is fed to the gasifier or injector.
  • gas preferably air and / or carbon dioxide
  • liquids in which gases are dissolved spontaneously release the dissolved gas in the event of a sudden drop in ambient pressure or a rapid temperature increase in which the state of supersaturation occurs due to the lower solubility of the gases at lower pressure or higher temperature and lather up or, in the case of simultaneous spraying, break up into fine droplets.
  • Patent specification DE-C 471 423 describes a compressor system in which the combustion air and the liquid fuel are brought together under pressure, then compressed further and then fed to an atomizing nozzle.
  • part of the combustion air is dissolved by the compression in the fuel, and the solution is fed together with the remaining air as a mixture to the nozzle.
  • this mixture of air bubbles and solution cannot be atomized evenly.
  • the solution to the problem is given by the fact that the fuel is completely saturated with the gas in the solution pressure temperature state, the fuel and the gas are continuously fed, metered according to the solvency, to a gas-liquid mixer and from this the solution that forms and a gas bubble stream over a vortex section, largely dissolving, is led to an overlying mixing dome and that from there the saturated solution is discharged via a discharge section at a sinking rate that is lower than the rate of rise of gas bubbles and then fed to the gasifier or injector.
  • the method can be used for both explosive and continuous combustion systems. Depending on the application, different gas-fuel solutions can be used particularly advantageously.
  • a gas with high solubility e.g. Carbon dioxide in which to dissolve gasoline.
  • Switching or mixing operation with different gases for example carbon dioxide
  • gases for example carbon dioxide
  • the use of carbon dioxide can also be increased relatively under difficult operating conditions in which there is a tendency to knock.
  • the device for dissolving the gas is a closed unit that can be easily inserted into the fuel line.
  • the device is controlled on the basis of internally obtained criteria of the fuel flow and the saturation achieved.
  • control criterion for the fuel metering is used to control the device for saturation.
  • the device for dissolving gases in fuels which is shown in FIG. 1, consists of an injector mixer 11, the nozzle 12 of which is fed via line 13 to the fuel.
  • the nozzle 12 is surrounded by a mixing chamber 311, into which the gas, here compressed air or carbon dioxide, is fed via line 31.
  • a vertical cylindrical tube 15 Connected to the mixer 11 is a vertical cylindrical tube 15, in which the gas bubbles dissolve in the fuel in a swirl section 163.
  • the pipe 15 is expediently dimensioned such that the height h of the swirl section 163 corresponds approximately to twice the diameter d and, at maximum fuel throughput, the gas bubbles have practically completely dissolved when the upper region is reached. Undissolved gas collects in the mixing dome 161 above the upper end of the tube 15.
  • a housing 16 extends downward from the mixing dome 161 concentrically to the tube 15, the diameter of which is selected such that in the discharge path 164 between the housing 16 and the tube 15 the sink rate of the fuel at maximum throughput is less than the rate of rise of any remaining gas bubbles.
  • the fuel line 17 is connected, which leads to the so-called carburetor or the injection devices.
  • the housing 16 is made of glass or at least partially of glass.
  • the fuel is conveyed from the tank 40 with the pump 41 via a filter 42 in a known manner and under pressure through a fuel line 17.
  • connection 171a to which connection 171d (FIGS. 4 to 7) connects in known engines and combustion systems
  • connection 171d FIGS. 4 to 7
  • the device with connection 171b and 171c is inserted, a check valve 44 being expediently installed in the lines 17 and 13, so that the Pressure in the housing 16 is always maintained in order to maintain the saturation of the fuel.
  • the carbon dioxide is fed from a pressure bottle 20 via a reducing valve 21 to a mixing line 26, and on the other hand, compressed air is filled with the compressor 23 into a storage container 22 and also fed to the mixing line 26 via a reducing valve 25.
  • a compressed air system is e.g. for trucks, already available. Because of the relatively low air requirement, it is sufficient for a passenger car to load a storage container each time with a compressor; or a small separate compressor can be provided.
  • a manometer 27 is used to monitor the pressure in the mixing line 26.
  • the valve 28 opens the mixing line 26 to the metering device 29 by means of an operating signal, from which line 31 leads to the mixer 11 via the check valve 30.
  • their functions can also be carried out integrated in special components.
  • a separate valve 28 can be omitted.
  • the storage container 22 can be omitted if a special compressor 23, which is always running, is provided. If this is controllable, it can also take over the function of the dosing device 29.
  • the dosage can be set once, e.g. based on the observed bubble resolution before reaching the mixing dome 161.
  • the observation can also be carried out by a pressure meter 46 or a gas bubble sensor, e.g. a floating body or, as shown, a light barrier 50, 51, which also offers the possibility of automatically regulating the dosage.
  • the signal line 461 or 511 is fed to a control device R and its signal is compared with a predetermined value, which corresponds to the presence of a low bubble flow compared to the bubble flow at the outlet of the mixer 11, and the metering device 29 is controlled by the difference signal via line 291.
  • the control of the gas volume flow can also be carried out by specifying a metering signal on the input lines 60b, 64b of the control device R, to which the said difference signal of the control deviation is additionally added, if control is additionally provided.
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the mixer 11, which is equipped with a sintered candle 314, through the pores of which the gas enters the mixing chamber 312 in fine bubbles.
  • the sintered body could also be provided flat on the bottom of the tube 15, through which the fuel enters laterally.
  • FIG 3 shows a further alternative embodiment of the mixer 112, which consists of a known static mixer, the mixing chamber 313 of which the gas and the fuel are supplied.
  • the choice between the different mixers 11, 111, 112 is expediently made in accordance with the pairing of the selected gas and the fuel and their properties, in particular with regard to soiling or clogging of the pores or nozzle. Furthermore, the mixability is a selection criterion in the event of very different throughputs.
  • the gas is generally dissolved at a pressure starting approximately from two atmospheres, higher pressures being preferred. If, however, a so-called carburetor of a carburetor engine is connected downstream of the device, which cannot be under excess pressure, a readily soluble gas, e.g. Carbon dioxide. Both the negative pressure during the so-called gasification process then creates the supersaturation state, which causes a finer distribution of the fuel, and when the mixture of fuel and air is subsequently heated by the heating through the cylinder wall, a further release of gas and thus splitting of the droplets occurs .
  • a so-called carburetor of a carburetor engine is connected downstream of the device, which cannot be under excess pressure, a readily soluble gas, e.g. Carbon dioxide.
  • Both the negative pressure during the so-called gasification process then creates the supersaturation state, which causes a finer distribution of the fuel, and when the mixture of fuel and air is subsequently heated by the heating through the cylinder wall, a further release of gas and
  • FIG. 4 shows how the device is inserted into a diesel engine 63.
  • the solution of diesel oil and air or carbon dioxide saturated at approximately 10 atmospheres is fed to the injection pump 60, from where it reaches the combustion chamber 62 through the injection nozzle 61.
  • the compressed air which may also be heated by the cylinder walls, has a high temperature, the solubility of the gas is exceeded despite the high pressure, and the solution is finely atomized by the escaping gas.
  • the cold start property in particular is significantly improved, and saturation with the readily soluble carbon dioxide is therefore recommended at the start.
  • saturation with air is sufficient to improve efficiency and reduce harmful emissions and soot formation.
  • valves 21 and 25 for carbon dioxide and compressed air are expediently reversed.
  • the control of the metering device 29 is fed directly via a signal line 60b from the metering control line 60a to the injection pump 60, a control signal from the control device R or the metering device 29.
  • An injection engine 67 is shown in FIG. 5, the fuel flow divider 64 of which supplies the saturated solution, from which it is directed to the injection nozzle 65. Since the combustion air drawn in at the same time has a considerably lower pressure than the solution, the solution is spontaneously atomized by the released gas, which improves both the combustion and the cold start properties. The mixture ratio of fuel and combustion air can therefore be set to an even lower air excess than in known engines of this type, which leads to a further increase in efficiency and a reduction in pollutant emissions. If carbon dioxide is dissolved in the fuel, the knock resistance of the solution is increased compared to the pure fuel. This is an additional beneficial effect.
  • the control signal for the metering device 29 occurs through the control signal of the fuel quantity divider; which is taken from line 64a via line 64b.
  • FIG. 6 shows a heating burner, in the fuel line of which the device for dissolving gas is arranged upstream of the controlled valve 70.
  • the fuel is finely divided by the released gas and mixed with the air flow. This effect is intensified by the retroreflection from the flame zone 73 into the mixing zone 731, since the heating releases further gas which separates the droplets again.
  • a flammable gas e.g. Hydrogen, natural gas or propane gas can be dissolved in the fuel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a jet engine 83, in the fuel feed line of which the device for dissolving gas is inserted. Since the supply pressure of the nozzles 81 is relatively high, a large amount of gas can be dissolved in the fuel and a substantial improvement in the distribution of the fuel can be achieved during the residence time in the mixing zone 81. The radiant heat that comes from the flame zone 82 into the mixing zone 81 also contributes to this, which causes the fuel droplets to be divided again by the release of gas. A practically soot-free combustion and an increase in efficiency is achieved.
  • Carbon dioxide is particularly suitable for saturating the fuel because of its high solubility, and also a combustible gas because of its good ignitability, which largely prevents engine exposure.
  • a control signal is fed from the fuel metering device to the control device R for metering the gas flow.
  • the known safety engineering measures must be taken into account.
  • the swirl section 163 is expediently dimensioned so large that there is no removal of gas via a metering device 45.
  • the signals for controlling the metering of the gas flow and the corresponding control device can be configured electronically, mechanically, pneumatically, etc., depending on the metering devices for the fuel.
  • the time pulses that serve to control the injection are also expediently used to control the metering device when using an electromagnetically controllable valve.
  • this rotation acts directly or via a cam on a mechanically acting metering device.
  • the rotation is detected by a sensor, e.g. a potentiometer, converted into an electrical signal and fed to an electronic control device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP83902808A 1982-09-04 1983-08-31 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur lösung von gas, insbesondere kohlendioxid in flüssigem brennstoff und dessen verteilung in verbrennungsluft im übersättigtem zustand Expired EP0118500B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83902808T ATE30458T1 (de) 1982-09-04 1983-08-31 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur loesung von gas, insbesondere kohlendioxid in fluessigem brennstoff und dessen verteilung in verbrennungsluft im uebersaettigtem zustand.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3232938 1982-09-04
DE3232938A DE3232938C2 (de) 1982-09-04 1982-09-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Lösung von Gas, insbesondere Kohlendioxid in flüssigem Brennstoff und dessen Verteilung in Verbrennungsluft in übersättigtem Zustand

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0118500A1 EP0118500A1 (de) 1984-09-19
EP0118500B1 true EP0118500B1 (de) 1987-10-28

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EP83902808A Expired EP0118500B1 (de) 1982-09-04 1983-08-31 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur lösung von gas, insbesondere kohlendioxid in flüssigem brennstoff und dessen verteilung in verbrennungsluft im übersättigtem zustand

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4596210A (ru)
EP (1) EP0118500B1 (ru)
JP (1) JPS59501553A (ru)
DE (1) DE3232938C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO1984000996A1 (ru)

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US6602467B1 (en) 1998-07-24 2003-08-05 Therox, Inc. Apparatus and method for blood oxygenation
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AU2832100A (en) * 1999-02-24 2000-09-14 N.V. Kema Combustion unit for combusting a liquid fuel and a power generating system comprising such combustion unit
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US6387324B1 (en) 1999-09-30 2002-05-14 Therox, Inc. Apparatus and method for blood oxygenation
US6759008B1 (en) 1999-09-30 2004-07-06 Therox, Inc. Apparatus and method for blood oxygenation
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US7434568B1 (en) 2007-07-03 2008-10-14 Ultimate Combustion Corporation Method and apparatus for liquid fuel conditioning to improve combustion
US7523747B2 (en) * 2007-09-21 2009-04-28 Ultimate Combustion Corporation Method and system for liquid fuel conditioning
US20090084366A1 (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-02 Ultimate Combustion Corporation Method and System for Liquid Fuel Gasification
US7406955B1 (en) * 2007-11-20 2008-08-05 Ultimate Combustion Company Method and system for liquid fuel conditioning
US8464694B2 (en) * 2009-04-15 2013-06-18 Fuecotech, Inc. Method and system for providing fuel to internal combustion engines
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US8037849B1 (en) 2011-03-17 2011-10-18 Ultimate Combustion Company Method and system for fuel supply to a pump-injector unit of a diesel engine
MX2018014326A (es) 2016-05-25 2019-09-23 Salus Energy Solutions L P Produccion de combustible liquido hidrogenado y sistema de induccion de combustible hiperbarico para motores de combustion interna de gas y diesel.
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4596210A (en) 1986-06-24
JPS59501553A (ja) 1984-08-30
WO1984000996A1 (en) 1984-03-15
DE3232938A1 (de) 1984-03-15
JPH0429870B2 (ru) 1992-05-20
DE3232938C2 (de) 1984-06-28
EP0118500A1 (de) 1984-09-19

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