EP0117373B1 - Safety mechanism for spinning projectile fuzes - Google Patents

Safety mechanism for spinning projectile fuzes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0117373B1
EP0117373B1 EP83402314A EP83402314A EP0117373B1 EP 0117373 B1 EP0117373 B1 EP 0117373B1 EP 83402314 A EP83402314 A EP 83402314A EP 83402314 A EP83402314 A EP 83402314A EP 0117373 B1 EP0117373 B1 EP 0117373B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
washer
latch
spin axis
relative
face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83402314A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0117373A1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Nicolas
Jean Paul Oberle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manurhin Defense SA
Original Assignee
Manufacture de Machines du Haut Rhin SA MANURHIN
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Manufacture de Machines du Haut Rhin SA MANURHIN filed Critical Manufacture de Machines du Haut Rhin SA MANURHIN
Priority to AT83402314T priority Critical patent/ATE25769T1/en
Publication of EP0117373A1 publication Critical patent/EP0117373A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0117373B1 publication Critical patent/EP0117373B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/20—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin
    • F42C15/22—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin using centrifugal force

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a safety device with annular locking members for gyratory projectile.
  • Such projectiles are generally equipped with pyrotechnic rockets allowing their firing and, to prevent such firing from occurring inadvertently, there is provided inside the body of the projectile a movable member such as a shutter or a gyroscopic rotor able to occupy a position in which it interrupts the continuity of the pyrotechnic chain, position in which it is locked during storage, feeding in the weapon, the path in the weapon tube during firing , and during the first meters of the trajectory of the projectile out of this tube, and a position in which this continuity is established, a position that the movable member tends to gain automatically for example under the action of centrifugal force as soon as it is unlocked, after the course, outside the weapon barrel, of a sufficient distance to ensure the safety of the service personnel of the weapon.
  • a movable member such as a shutter or a gyroscopic rotor able to occupy a position in which it interrupts the continuity of the pyrotechnic chain, position in which it is
  • US-A-3,489,089 teaches an elastic axial stress of the finger relative to the body, with a view to a relative sliding capable of releasing the movable member with respect to a movement towards its second position, and a restraint provisional finger against such sliding by the latch on which the finger is supported directly and which itself rests on the body through a striker assembly.
  • the bolt remains integral with the body not only at rest, but also during the firing of the projectile, as long as the elastic spiral band has not undergone sufficient unwinding to release this lock and authorize its opening, and the unwinding of the elastic spiral band therefore begins between the lock and the body necessarily driven by the same speed of rotation, which introduces a random character in the continuation of the unwinding of the elastic spiral band and subsequent opening of the lock.
  • the opening of the lock releases the finger vis-à-vis a sliding proper to release the movable member, but does not cause not coercively such sliding; in the case of a device in accordance with the present invention, on the other hand, the shape of the bearing surface provided on the body and the presence as well as the mounting of the washer coercively associate the sliding of the finger with the opening of the latch .
  • the body is dimensioned internally so that the lock releases the periphery of the washer when it reaches the centrifugal end of travel, and this washer is elastic and allows or causes a translational movement of the finger in the opposite direction, causing the locking of the movable member in the new position thereof.
  • any mobile member other than a rotor interposed in the pyrotechnic chain of a projectile could be locked and then released as a function of the rate of turn of the projectile, by a device according to the invention.
  • the body 1 has designated a rocket body, essentially of revolution around an axis 25 which constitutes its axis of gyration; at one of its ends, the body 1 has a tubular shape and internally defines a cavity 22 open towards the outside in a determined direction 27 parallel to the axis of gyration 25, and delimited inside the body 1 by a cylindrical face 23 of revolution about the axis 25 and facing it and through a face 21 also having a shape of revolution around the axis 25, with respect to which it has a transverse average orientation; this face 21 is turned in the direction 27 and has a concavity which will be specified below.
  • the body 1 integrally carries a base 2 itself hollow and having internally a support 6 defining a spherical bearing, of center C located on the axis of gyration 25, for a spherical rotor 4 also centered in C and which has internally a channel 28 which passes right through it along an axis 26 and inside which is immobilized a primer-detonator 5; the axis 26 passes through the center C and defines its own axis of inertia for the rotor 4, including the initiation of the detonator 5.
  • the support 6 Downstream of the rotor housing 4, if one refers to direction 27, the support 6 is pierced with a channel 53 arranged along the axis 25 and which places the rotor housing 4 in communication with a pyrotechnic relay for setting fire 3 secured to the base 2 opposite the body 1; similarly, upstream if we refer to direction 27, the housing of the rotor 4 is placed in communication with a part of the cavity 22 left free by the base 2 inside the body 1, by a bore 9 that has a wall 29 of the base, flat and oriented perpendicular to the axis 25.
  • the bore 9, cylindrical of revolution around the axis 25, passes through the wall 29 right through and it is bordered, at its mouth inside the part of the cavity 22 which is not occupied by the base 2, by an annular shoulder 12 ′, of revolution about the axis 25 and delimited on the one hand by a flat annular face 30, oriented perpendicular to the axis 25, turned in the opposite direction to the direction 27 and adjacent to the bore 9 by its inner periphery, and secondly by a cylindrical face 31 of revolution about the axis 25 with a diameter greater than that of bore 9; this face 31 is turned in the direction of a distance from the axis 25 and connects the outer periphery of the face 30 to a flat face 32, oriented transversely with respect to the axis 25 and turned in the opposite direction to the direction 27, face 32 which delimits the wall 29 of the base 2 in the opposite direction to the direction 27 and is joined, by its outer periphery, to the inner face 23 of the cavity 22.
  • the faces 30 and 32 are thus placed opposite the face 21 of the cavity 22 of the body 1, and at a distance from this face 21 in the direction of the axis 25.
  • This bushing 8 is delimited in particular by peripheral faces, respectively inner 33 and outer 34, cylindrical of revolution around the axis 25 and turned respectively towards the latter and in the direction of a distance relative to the latter; at its downstream end, if one refers to direction 27, it is delimited by a flat annular face 35, oriented perpendicular to the axis 25 and joining the faces 33 and 34; at its upstream end, if one refers to the direction 27, it has an integral flange 10 oriented transversely with respect to the axis 25 and forming a projection in the direction of a distance from that -ci with respect to the face 34; this flange 10 is delimited by two flat annular faces 36 and 37, oriented perpendicular to the axis 25, facing respectively upstream and downstream if we refer to the direction 27 and adjacent by their inner periphery respectively to the face 33 and to the face 34, and by a cylindrical outer peripheral face 38 of revolution around the axis 25 with a diameter advantageously close to that of the face 31, this face 38 joining
  • the face 37 is thus placed facing the face 30 and the face 36 facing a central zone 48 of the face 21, and the face 34 of the sleeve 8 has a diameter approximately equal to that of the bore 9, to authorize a sliding mutual contact guiding the sleeve 8 in translation along the axis 25 relative to the integral assembly formed by the base 2 and the body 1.
  • the dimensions of the sleeve 8 parallel to the axis 25, and in particular the distance separating its faces 35 and 37, are such that, when the sleeve 8 rests by the face 37 of the flange 10 on the face 30 of the shoulder 12 of the base 2, via a central zone of a washer 11 which will be described in detail later, its downstream end defined by the face 35 penetrates inside the housing of the rotor 4, so as to be able to immobilize that here inside the support 6 in two positions defined by the engagement of this end of the socket 8 respectively in two countersinks, respectively 7 and 24, which the rotor 4 has additionally.
  • the first of these countersinks 7 is of revolution about an axis 39 of the rotor 4, passing through the center C thereof but offset with respect to its own axis of inertia 26 (see FIG. 3), the second 24 of these countersinks being in turn around the axis 26 and constituting a section of the channel 28 containing the primer-detonator 5.
  • the engagement of the socket 8 in the countersink 7 of the rotor corresponds to an initial state of safety locking, illustrated in FIG. 1, in which the own axis of inertia 26 of the rotor 4 is angularly offset relative to the axis 25.
  • a gyration of the rocket that is to say of the body 1 and of the base 2, around the axis 25 then causes a gyroscopic movement of the rotor 4 which is then reflected, as soon as the rotor 4 is released by releasing the sleeve 8 with respect to the countersink 7, by a progressive alignment of the own axis of inertia 26 of the rotor 4 with the axis of gyration 25, which places the countersink 24 opposite the socket along the axis 25 and authorizes locking again by engagement of the socket 8 in the countersink 24, as illustrated in FIG.
  • the channel 28 of the rotor 5 communicates on the one hand with the channel 53 of the support 6 and on the other hand with the interior of the sleeve 8 and, via the latter, with a central channel 16, axis 25, which has internally, for the guidance of a striker 17 to slide along the axis 25 in particular in the direction 27, a hollow shaft 15 secured to the body 1 inside the cavity 22, which hollow shaft 15 forms a projection in the direction 27 with respect to the central zone 48 of the face 21 until it penetrates inside the socket 8; in the direction of a distance from the axis 25, the hollow shaft 15 is delimited, inside the cavity 22, by an outer peripheral face 41 cylindrical of revolution around the axis 25 with a diameter less than the diameter of the inner face 33 of the sleeve 8 so as not to hinder the possibility of translation of the latter parallel to the axis 25 by sliding in the bore 9 of the base 4.
  • the state illustrated in FIG. 3 thus constitutes a state of arming of the device, the pyrotechnic chain including the relay 3, the channel 29, the primer 5 placed in the channel 28, the interior of the socket 8, the channel 16 and the striker 17 which it contains being then formed without discontinuity.
  • the length of the hollow shaft 15 measured parallel to the axis 25 is such that it cannot hinder such movement of the rotor 4; for example, it is delimited downstream, if one refers to direction 27, by a plane annular face 40, oriented perpendicular to the axis 25, located approximately coplanarly with the face 22 of the wall 29 of the base 2 .
  • the shaft 15 carries, by the external peripheral face 41, a latch 13 in the form of a sleeve which surrounds it by an inner peripheral face 42, also cylindrical of revolution around the axis 25 with a diameter substantially equal to that of the face 41 so as to ensure, by mutual sliding contact of the faces 41 and 42, independence of the bolt 13 in rotation about the axis 25 relative to the body 1 when the rocket is at rest.
  • the bolt 13 is moreover delimited by an outer peripheral face 43, coaxial with its face 42 and having a diameter for example close to that of the face 31 of the shoulder 12 of the base 2, and by two end faces 44, 45, annular, flat, oriented perpendicular to the axis 25, the first of which abuts against the central zone 48 of the face 21 around the hollow axis 15, and the second of which abuts against the face 36 of the flange 10 of the socket 8, itself in abutment by its face 37 against the face 30 of the shoulder 12 via the central zone of the elastic washer 11 as was said above, if one refers to the secure locking position of the rotor 4 illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the latch 13 provides between the socket 8 and the face 21 of the body 1 a bracing preventing the socket 8 from disengaging from the countersink 7 of the rotor 4, with an axial clearance compatible with the independence of the latch 13 and of the body 1 to the rotation around axis 25.
  • the latch 13 is weakened for example by striations such as 54 oriented parallel to the axis 25 and has an interruption 55 along a plane including this axis 25, of such that, when it rotates around the axis 25 at an angular speed exceeding a predetermined value lower than the maximum rate of gyration of the body 1, the centrifugal force which it undergoes then causes it to open, by sectioning or preferably folding along the lines of greatest fragility defined by the ridges 59, with the consequence of its centrifugal migration by homothetic deformation and the elimination of the bracing of the flange 10 of the sleeve 8 with respect to the face 21 of the body 1, that is to say the appearance of a possibility of sliding of the sleeve 8 in the opposite direction to the direction 27 in the bore 9 of the base 2, that is to say of release of the rotor 4 in the direction of alignment of its axis 26 with the axis of turning 25.
  • an elastic spiral band 14 independent of the lock 13 and which has a mass, shape, rigidity and prestressing such that, at rest, that is to say when the latch 13 is stationary, this elastic spiral strip 14 is wound around the outer peripheral face of the latch 13 and encloses it so as to be integral with it by friction, and such that they then allow the following process of unwinding of the strip, according to which the skilled person will easily determine the values to be given to this mass (in particular in terms of linear mass), this shape (in particular in terms of width and length of the strip), this rigidity and this prestressing imposed on the winding, in the factory, of the strip around the face 43 of the verro u 13.
  • the bolt 13 and the elastic spiral band 14 which is thus integral therewith are free to rotate about the axis 25 relative to to the body 1 thanks to the mounting of the lock 13 described above.
  • the projectile and, with it, the rocket body 1 move in a direction 56 which is here opposite to the direction 27 but could be identical, by undergoing a powerful acceleration, the value of which is for example of the order of 60,000 to 120,000 times the value of the earth's field of attraction, and the lock comes by inertia to be pressed backwards with reference to direction 56, against any possible consideration ;
  • the latch 13, by its face 45 and by means of the flange 10 and the washer 11 is pressed against the shoulder 12, which by friction ensures its attachment to the rotation around axis 25 with the body 1 in the direction of gyration such as 58; consequently, the bolt 13 and the elastic spiral band which it carries, here itself in frictional abutment against one 50 of the faces of the washer 10, are rotated about the axis 25 at the same speed as the body 1, in the same direction 58, to reach the muzzle of the barrel of a maximum rotation speed which is for example
  • the acceleration in direction 56 ceases to be replaced by a deceleration whose value is for example of the order of 40 times the value of the terrestrial field of attraction; all the elements of the mobile device inside the body 1 then tend by inertia to move forward, with reference to direction 56, and come to be pressed against any possible counterpart and, in particular, the latch 13 crosses the axial clearance mounting for coming to bear against a counterpart of the body 1 towards the front, with reference to the direction 56, that is to say here against the central zone 48 of the face 21 which provides support for its face 44.
  • the outer turn of the spiral strip 14 tends to disengage outward under the action of centrifugal force and to come to press against the lower peripheral face 23 of the body 1, so that it follows the total centrifugal unwinding of the spiral band 14, of which it will be noted that for this purpose, the winding is such that the zones of the spiral band respectively increasingly closer to the axis 25 succeed one another in the direction 58 of gyration, determined by the direction of the gun barrel stripes ( Figure 5).
  • the spiral strip 14 is completely wound between the inner peripheral face 23 of the body 1, and secured to the latter by friction due to centrifugal force, and the outer peripheral face 43 of the latch 13 is completely released. .
  • the latch 13, thus freed from the action of the spiral band 14, is subjected to a centrifugal force equivalent at least to that resulting from the speed of rotation of the body 1 of the projectile and opens freely or breaks to come to its turn, by a centrifugal movement, apply against the spiral band 14 which ensures its friction drive at a speed such that it maintains on it the action of a centrifugal force sufficient to keep it away from the end 47 of the washer 11.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the initial state of the device, the spiral strip 14 being wound around the bolt 13 itself closed on the shaft 15, while FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate states in which the spiral strip 14 is pressed against the inner peripheral face 23 of the cavity 22, the latch 13 being in an intermediate state of its centrifugal migration in FIG. 2 while it is in the final stage of this in FIG. 3 , pressed against the spiral strip 14 itself pressed against the face 23.
  • the latch 13 imposes by means of the washer 11, due to the shape of the face 21 of the body 1, against which it is then forced to move, a sliding movement of the sleeve 8 inside the bore 9 in the opposite direction to the direction 27, to cause the release of the rotor 4 in the direction of alignment of its own axis of inertia 26 with the axis of gyration 25.
  • the washer 11 can be rigid or, preferably and as illustrated, semi-rigid but elastically deformable from an initial plane conformation, perpendicular to the axis 25, in which it is illustrated in Figures 1 and 4 with reference to which it will now be described; it has a central orifice 20 intended for its passage through the sleeve 8, and which for this purpose has a cylindrical shape of revolution around the axis 25 with a diameter greater than that of the face 34 of the sleeve 8 but less than the diameters respective faces 38 and 31 respectively of the collar 10 and the shoulder 12 of the base 2.
  • the face 21 of the body 1 is characterized in turn by a concave shape, defined by a ramp 18 placed opposite the outer periphery 47 of the washer 11 if one refers to the direction of the axis 25, and which connects the central zone 48 to a peripheral zone 49.
  • the central zone 48 which projects the shaft 15, is annular, planar, perpendicular to the axis of gyration 25 and it is delimited on the one hand by a circular internal periphery of junction with the external peripheral face 41 of the 'hollow shaft 15 and on the other hand by an outer periphery, also circular, of connection with the ramp 18;
  • the peripheral zone 49 is also annular, flat, perpendicular to the axis 25, and it is delimited by a circular external periphery for connection with the face 23 of the cavity 22 and by an equally circularly internal periphery for connection with the ramp 18 .
  • the peripheral zone 49 is offset relative to the zone 48 in the direction 27, and the ramp 18 which connects them has the form of a truncated cone of revolution around the axis 25, diverging in the direction 27, with a taper such that, during its centrifugal movement by homothety linked to its opening, the massive latch 13, which tends to keep its average orientation along the axis 25, comes to bear on the one hand against the ramp 18 and on the other hand against the face 50 of the washer 11 which is placed opposite the face 21 and against which the flange 10 of the locking sleeve 8 is supported by its face 37 around the central orifice 20, to cause during the continuation of the centrifugal movement the application to the washer 11, in a localized area cantilevered relative to the shoulder 12 of the base 2, of a thrust in the direction 27 resulting in a tilting of the washer 11 relative to the axis 25, due to its support on the shoulder 12.
  • this tilting is accompanied by an elastic deformation of the washer 11.
  • the area of the outer periphery 47 thereof serving as a support for the bolt 13 moves in the direction 27 relative to the shoulder 12 while by leverage, that is to say by pivoting of the face 51 of the washer 11 turned in the direction 27 on the circular edge 52 of connection between the faces 30 and 31 of the shoulder 12, the zones of the washer 11 located beyond the support of its face 51 on the edge 52 move in the opposite direction; this movement can be carried out freely insofar as the solid bolt 13 no longer constitutes a spacer maintaining the washer 11 applied flat by its face 51 on the face 30 of the shoulder 12 of the base 2 via the flange 10 of socket 8; this results in a thrust applied in the opposite direction to the direction 27 on the face 37 of the flange 10 by the face 50 of the washer 11, with the result of a sliding movement of the sleeve 8 in the opposite direction to the direction 27 relative to the base 2 and its clearance from the countersink 7 of the rotor 4, thus unlocked as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the rotor 4 gains by gyroscopic effect a position in which its own axis of inertia 26 is coincident with the axis 25 and in which the countersink 24 is placed opposite the bush 8; for this purpose, the angular offset brought back to the center C, between the two millings 7 and 24 is less than 90 °.
  • the washer 11 escapes from the bolt 13, entirely located at outside its outer periphery 47, and the washer 11 resumes by elasticity a flat conformation, which allows the bush 8 to return to a projecting position inside the housing of the rotor 4 in a position of alignment of its channel 28 with the inside of the socket 8 and with the channel 53, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the parts in relative rotation or in relative translation will be designed and treated so as to minimize friction forces.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

1. Safety device for a spinning projectile, which possesses, inside the body (1) of the projectile having a specific spin axis (25), a member (4) movable between two positions relative to the body (1) and locking means comprising : a finger (8) mounted slidably in the body (1) along the spin axis (25) of the latter and interacting with the movable member (4) to immobilize the latter relative to the body (1) in a first of the said positions or to release this member (4) in respect of a movement towards its second position, a latch (13) at least partially in the form of a sleeve, arranged round an axial shaft (15) of the body (1), the said latch (13) being designed to open under the action of centrifugal force beyond a value of the spinning speed below the maximum value of the latter, at least one elastic spiral band (14) having such a mass, form, rigidity and prestress that it is wound round the latch (13) and grips it soas to be connected frictionally to it, when at rest, characterized in that : in a specific direction (27) parallel to the spin axis (25), the finger (8) abuts against a counterpart (12) of the body (1) via a central zone of a washer (11) centred on the spin axis (25) and having an outer periphery (47) projecting relative to the counterpart (12), the latch (13) is freely rotatable about the spin axis (25) relative to the body (1) and, with an axial play compatible with this relative freedom of rotation, in the said specific direction (27) abuts against a zone (10) of the finger (8) and in the opposite direction against a central zone (48) of a bearing face (21) of the body (1) having a concavity centred on the spin axis (25), so that the latch (13) ensures bracing between the said central zone (48) of this bearing face (21) and this zone (10) of the finger (8), itself abutting against the counterpart (12) of the body (1) via the central zone of the washer (11), the form of the said bearing face (21) of the body (1) being such that a centrifugal opening of the latch (13) causes, because the latch (13) bears respectively against a peripheral zone of the washer (11) and against the face (21), a displacement of this peripheral zone (47) of the washer (11) relative to the counterpart (12) in the specific direction (27), thus causing as a result of a lever effect a movement of the finger (8) relative to the body (1) in the opposite direction, the mass, form, rigidity and prestress of the elastic spiral band (14) are also such that it remains wound round the latch (13) and grips it so as to be connected frictionally to it, as long as the latter, becoming fast to the body (1) as a result of inertia during the acceleration of the projectile in the firing tube, undergoes joint spinning with the body (1) at a speed increasing from zero to the said maximum value, and that its outer turn tends to come loose under the action of the centrifugal force at a value slightly below or equal to this maximum value, lay itself against an inner peripheral face (23) of the body (1) and become connected frictionally to the latter, in such a way that, when the projectile emerges from the firing tube, there occurs a centrifugal unwinding of the elastic spiral band (14), with the release of the latch (13) in respect of its centrifugal opening, followed by the centrifugal opening.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de sécurité à organes de verrouillage annulaires pour projectile giratoire.The present invention relates to a safety device with annular locking members for gyratory projectile.

De tels projectiles sont en général équipés de fusées pyrotechniques permettant leur mise à feu et, pour éviter qu'une telle mise à feu se produise de façon intempestive, il est prévu à l'intérieur du corps du projectile un organe mobile tel qu'un volet ou un rotor gyroscopique apte à occuper une position dans laquelle il interrompt la continuité de la chaîne pyrotechnique, position dans laquelle il est verrouillé pendant le stockage, l'alimentation dans l'arme, le trajet dans le tube d'arme lors du tir, et pendant les premiers mètres de la trajectoire du projectile hors de ce tube, et une position dans laquelle cette continuité est établie, position que l'organe mobile tend à gagner automatiquement par exemple sous l'action de la force centrifuge dès lors qu'il est déverrouillé, après le parcours, hors du tube d'arme, d'une distance suffisante pour assurer la sécurité des servants de l'arme.Such projectiles are generally equipped with pyrotechnic rockets allowing their firing and, to prevent such firing from occurring inadvertently, there is provided inside the body of the projectile a movable member such as a shutter or a gyroscopic rotor able to occupy a position in which it interrupts the continuity of the pyrotechnic chain, position in which it is locked during storage, feeding in the weapon, the path in the weapon tube during firing , and during the first meters of the trajectory of the projectile out of this tube, and a position in which this continuity is established, a position that the movable member tends to gain automatically for example under the action of centrifugal force as soon as it is unlocked, after the course, outside the weapon barrel, of a sufficient distance to ensure the safety of the service personnel of the weapon.

A cet effet, on a déjà proposé de nombreux types de moyens de verrouillage, faisant appel à des temporisateurs horlogers, des mécanismes à éjection de billes, des amortisseurs fluides, des bandes spirales, etc., agissant directement ou indirectement sur le dispositif de percussion ; on se référera par exemple aux brevets FR-A-2233593 et FR-A229368B ainsi qu'au brevet US-A-3 076 410.To this end, numerous types of locking means have already been proposed, using clock timers, ball ejection mechanisms, fluid dampers, spiral bands, etc., acting directly or indirectly on the percussion device ; reference will be made, for example, to patents FR-A-2233593 and FR-A229368B as well as to patent US-A-3 076 410.

Ces dispositifs de sécurité connus sont souvent complexes et particulièrement délicats de réalisation, la principale difficulté étant de vaincre et de limiter les forces de frottement, obstacle à leur bon fonctionnement ; leur fiabilité est par conséquent liée à un coût de fabrication élevé.These known safety devices are often complex and particularly delicate to produce, the main difficulty being to overcome and limit the frictional forces, an obstacle to their proper functioning; their reliability is therefore linked to a high manufacturing cost.

Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un dispositif de sécurité pour projectile giratoire simple, peu coûteux, et néanmoins fiable ; à cet effet, d'une façon connue en soi de US-A-3 489 089, le dispositif selon l'invention comporte à l'intérieur du corps du projectile, présentant un axe de giration défini, un organe mobile entre deux positions par rapport au corps et des moyens de verrouillage comportant :

  • un doigt monté à coulissement dans le corps suivant l'axe de giration de celui-ci et coopérant avec l'organe mobile pour immobiliser celui-ci par rapport au corps dans une première desdites positions ou libérer cet organe vis-à-vis d'un mouvement vers sa deuxième position,
  • un verrou au moins partiellement en forme de manchon disposé autour d'un arbre axial du corps, ledit verrou étant apte à s'ouvrir sous l'action de la force centrifuge, au-delà d'une valeur de la vitesse de giration inférieure à la valeur maximale de celle-ci,
  • au moins une bande spirale élastique présentant une masse, une forme, une rigidité et une précontrainte telles qu'elle soit enroulée autour du verrou et l'enserre de façon à en être solidaire par friction, au repos.
The object of the present invention is to propose a safety device for a gyratory projectile which is simple, inexpensive, and nevertheless reliable; for this purpose, in a manner known per se from US-A-3 489 089, the device according to the invention comprises inside the body of the projectile, having a defined axis of gyration, a member movable between two positions by relative to the body and locking means comprising:
  • a finger slidably mounted in the body along the axis of gyration thereof and cooperating with the movable member to immobilize the latter relative to the body in a first of said positions or to release this member vis-à-vis a movement towards its second position,
  • an at least partially sleeve-shaped lock disposed around an axial shaft of the body, said lock being capable of opening under the action of centrifugal force, beyond a value of the rate of gyration less than the maximum value thereof,
  • at least one elastic spiral band having a mass, a shape, a rigidity and a prestressing such that it is wound around the bolt and encloses it so as to be rigidly secured thereto, at rest.

Le dispositif selon l'invention se caractérise en ce que, en outre :

  • le doigt est en butée, dans un sens déterminé parallèle à l'axe de giration, contre une contrepartie du corps par l'intermédiaire d'une zone centrale d'une rondelle axée sur l'axe de giration et présentant une périphérie extérieure en porte-à-faux par rapport à la contrepartie,
  • le verrou est libre à la rotation autour de l'axe de giration par rapport au corps et en butée, avec un jeu axial compatible avec cette liberté à la rotation relative, dans ledit sens déterminé contre une zone du doigt et en sens inverse contre une zone centrale d'une face d'appui du corps présentant une concavité axée sur l'axe de giration, de telle sorte que le verrou assure un entretoisement entre ladite zone centrale de cette face d'appui et cette zone du doigt, lui-même en butée contre la contrepartie du corps par l'intermédiaire de la zone centrale de la rondelle, la forme de ladite face d'appui du corps étant telle qu'une ouverture centrifuge du verrou provoque, par appui du verrou respectivement contre une zone périphérique de la rondelle et contre la face, un déplacement de cette zone périphérique de la rondelle par rapport à la contrepartie dans le sens déterminé, provoquant par effet de levier un mouvement du doigt par rapport au corps en sens inverse,
  • les masse, forme, rigidité, précontrainte de la bande spirale élastique sont en outre telles qu'elle reste enroulée autour du verrou et l'enserre de façon à en être solidaire par friction tant que celui-ci subit, en se solidarisant par inertie avec le corps à l'accélération du projectile dans le tube d'arme, une giration conjointe avec le corps à une vitesse croissant de la valeur nulle à ladite valeur maximale, et que sa spire extérieure tende à se dégager sous l'action de la force centrifuge pour une valeur légèrement inférieure ou égale à cette valeur maximale pour se plaquer contre une face périphérique intérieurement du corps et s'en solidariser par friction, de telle sorte que, à la sortie du projectile hors du tube d'arme, il se produise un déroulement centrifuge de la bande spirale élastique avec libération du verrou vis-à-vis de son ouverture centrifuge, puis cette ouverture centrifuge.
The device according to the invention is characterized in that, in addition:
  • the finger is in abutment, in a determined direction parallel to the axis of gyration, against a counterpart of the body by means of a central zone of a washer centered on the axis of gyration and having an outer periphery in doorway -false compared to the counterpart,
  • the latch is free to rotate about the axis of gyration with respect to the body and in abutment, with an axial clearance compatible with this freedom in relative rotation, in said determined direction against a zone of the finger and in the opposite direction against a central zone of a bearing face of the body having a concavity centered on the axis of gyration, so that the latch ensures a bracing between said central zone of this bearing face and this zone of the finger, itself in abutment against the counterpart of the body via the central zone of the washer, the shape of said bearing face of the body being such that a centrifugal opening of the lock causes, by pressing the lock respectively against a peripheral area of the washer and against the face, a displacement of this peripheral zone of the washer relative to the counterpart in the determined direction, causing by lever effect a movement of the finger relative to the body in the opposite direction,
  • the masses, shape, rigidity, preload of the elastic spiral band are also such that it remains wound around the bolt and encloses it so as to be integral by friction as long as the latter undergoes, being joined by inertia with the body at the acceleration of the projectile in the weapon tube, a joint gyration with the body at a speed increasing from the zero value to said maximum value, and that its outer whorl tends to be released under the action of force centrifugal for a value slightly less than or equal to this maximum value to press against a peripheral face internally of the body and to be joined by friction, so that, at the exit of the projectile out of the barrel, it occurs a centrifugal unwinding of the elastic spiral band with release of the lock vis-à-vis its centrifugal opening, then this centrifugal opening.

US-A-3 489 089 enseigne une sollicitation axiale élastique du doigt par rapport au corps, en vue d'un coulissement relatif propre à libérer l'organe mobile vis-à-vis d'un mouvement vers sa deuxième position, et une retenue provisoire du doigt à l'encontre d'un tel coulissement par le verrou sur lequel le doigt s'appuie directement et qui s'appuie lui-même sur le corps par l'intermédiaire d'un ensemble percuteur. Du fait de ce montage, le verrou reste solidaire du corps non seulement au repos, mais également lors du tir du projectile, tant que la bande spirale élastique n'a pas subi un déroulement suffisant pour dégager ce verrou et autoriser son ouverture, et le déroulement de la bande spirale élastique s'amorce de ce fait entre le verrou et le corps nécessairement animés d'une même vitesse de rotation, ce qui introduit un caractère aléatoire dans la poursuite du déroulement de la bande spirale élastique et l'ouverture consécutive du verrou.US-A-3,489,089 teaches an elastic axial stress of the finger relative to the body, with a view to a relative sliding capable of releasing the movable member with respect to a movement towards its second position, and a restraint provisional finger against such sliding by the latch on which the finger is supported directly and which itself rests on the body through a striker assembly. Because of this assembly, the bolt remains integral with the body not only at rest, but also during the firing of the projectile, as long as the elastic spiral band has not undergone sufficient unwinding to release this lock and authorize its opening, and the unwinding of the elastic spiral band therefore begins between the lock and the body necessarily driven by the same speed of rotation, which introduces a random character in the continuation of the unwinding of the elastic spiral band and subsequent opening of the lock.

De plus, dans le cas d'un dispositif conforme aux enseignements de US-A-3 489 089, l'ouverture du verrou libère le doigt vis-à-vis d'un coulissement propre à libérer l'organe mobile, mais ne provoque pas coercitivement un tel coulissement ; dans le cas d'un dispositif conforme à la présente invention, par contre, la forme de la surface d'appui prévue sur le corps et la présence ainsi que le montage de la rondelle associent coercitivement le coulissement du doigt à l'ouverture du verrou.In addition, in the case of a device in accordance with the teachings of US-A-3 489 089, the opening of the lock releases the finger vis-à-vis a sliding proper to release the movable member, but does not cause not coercively such sliding; in the case of a device in accordance with the present invention, on the other hand, the shape of the bearing surface provided on the body and the presence as well as the mounting of the washer coercively associate the sliding of the finger with the opening of the latch .

Selon un mode de mise en oeuvre préféré de l'invention, le corps est dimensionné intérieurement de telle sorte que le verrou dégage la périphérie de la rondelle lorsqu'il parvient en fin de course centrifuge, et cette rondelle est élastique et permet ou provoque un mouvement de translation du doigt en sens inverse, provoquant le verrouillage de l'organe mobile dans la nouvelle position de celui-ci.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the body is dimensioned internally so that the lock releases the periphery of the washer when it reaches the centrifugal end of travel, and this washer is elastic and allows or causes a translational movement of the finger in the opposite direction, causing the locking of the movable member in the new position thereof.

On constate que le nombre de pièces mis en oeuvre par ce dispositif est faible, et que ces pièces ne mettent pas en oeuvre d'usinage complexe ; il en résulte à la fois un faible coût du dispositif, et une grande fiabilité de celui-ci.It can be seen that the number of parts used by this device is low, and that these parts do not involve complex machining; this results in both a low cost of the device, and a high reliability thereof.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages du dispositif selon l'invention ressortiront de la description ci-dessous, relative à un mode de mise en oeuvre non limitatif, ainsi que des dessins annexés qui font partie intégrante de cette description.

  • La figure 1 montre une vue en coupe par un plan incluant l'axe de giration du projectile, tel que le plan I-I de la figure 5, montrant le dispositif selon l'invention en position de verrouillage en sécurité d'un rotor gyroscopique intercalé dans la chaîne pyrotechnique du projectile alors interrompue ;
  • La figure 2 montre une vue analogue illustrant un état intermédiaire du dispositif lors de son fonctionnement dans le sens du déverrouillage du rotor ;
  • La figure 3 montre une vue analogue en fin de fonctionnement du dispositif, avec verrouillage à nouveau du rotor, établissant alors la continuité de la chaîne pyrotechnique ;
  • La figure 4 montre une vue en plan de la rondelle élastique du dispositif ;
  • La figure 5 montre une vue en coupe selon le plan V-V de la figure 1.
Other characteristics and advantages of the device according to the invention will emerge from the description below, relating to a non-limiting mode of implementation, as well as from the appended drawings which form an integral part of this description.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view through a plane including the axis of gyration of the projectile, such as plane II of FIG. 5, showing the device according to the invention in the locked locking position of a gyroscopic rotor inserted in the pyrotechnic chain of the projectile then interrupted;
  • Figure 2 shows a similar view illustrating an intermediate state of the device during its operation in the direction of unlocking the rotor;
  • Figure 3 shows a similar view at the end of operation of the device, again locking the rotor, then establishing the continuity of the pyrotechnic chain;
  • Figure 4 shows a plan view of the elastic washer of the device;
  • FIG. 5 shows a sectional view along the plane VV of FIG. 1.

Cependant, les applications du dispositif de sécurité selon l'invention ne sont pas limitées à cet exemple, et tout organe mobile autre qu'un rotor intercalé dans la chaîne pyrotechnique d'un projectile pourrait être verrouillé puis libéré en fonction de la vitesse de giration du projectile, par un dispositif conforme à l'invention.However, the applications of the safety device according to the invention are not limited to this example, and any mobile member other than a rotor interposed in the pyrotechnic chain of a projectile could be locked and then released as a function of the rate of turn of the projectile, by a device according to the invention.

On a désigné par 1 un corps de fusée, pour l'essentiel de révolution autour d'un axe 25 qui constitue son axe de giration ; à l'une de ses extrémités, le corps 1 présente une forme tubulaire et définit intérieurement une cavité 22 ouverte vers l'extérieur dans un sens déterminé 27 parallèle à l'axe de giration 25, et délimitée à l'intérieur du corps 1 par une face 23 cylindrique de révolution autour de l'axe 25 et tournée vers celui-ci et par une face 21 présentant également une forme de révolution autour de l'axe 25, par rapport auquel elle présente une orientation moyenne transversale ; cette face 21 est tournée dans le sens 27 et présente une concavité qui sera précisée plus loin.1 has designated a rocket body, essentially of revolution around an axis 25 which constitutes its axis of gyration; at one of its ends, the body 1 has a tubular shape and internally defines a cavity 22 open towards the outside in a determined direction 27 parallel to the axis of gyration 25, and delimited inside the body 1 by a cylindrical face 23 of revolution about the axis 25 and facing it and through a face 21 also having a shape of revolution around the axis 25, with respect to which it has a transverse average orientation; this face 21 is turned in the direction 27 and has a concavity which will be specified below.

A l'intérieur de la cavité 22, le corps 1 porte de façon solidaire un culot 2 lui-même creux et présentant intérieurement un support 6 définissant un palier sphérique, de centre C situé sur l'axe de giration 25, pour un rotor sphérique 4 également centré en C et qui présente intérieurement un canal 28 qui le traverse de part en part suivant un axe 26 et à l'intérieur duquel est immobilisée une amorce-détonateur 5 ; l'axe 26 passe par le centre C et définit un axe d'inertie propre pour le rotor 4, y compris l'amorce du détonateur 5.Inside the cavity 22, the body 1 integrally carries a base 2 itself hollow and having internally a support 6 defining a spherical bearing, of center C located on the axis of gyration 25, for a spherical rotor 4 also centered in C and which has internally a channel 28 which passes right through it along an axis 26 and inside which is immobilized a primer-detonator 5; the axis 26 passes through the center C and defines its own axis of inertia for the rotor 4, including the initiation of the detonator 5.

En aval du logement du rotor 4, si l'on se réfère au sens 27, le support 6 est percé d'un canal 53 disposé suivant l'axe 25 et qui met en communication le logement du rotor 4 avec un relai pyrotechnique de mise à feu 3 solidaire du culot 2 à l'opposé du corps 1 ; de même, vers l'amont si l'on se réfère au sens 27, le logement du rotor 4 est mis en communication avec une partie de la cavité 22 laissée libre par le culot 2 à l'intérieur du corps 1, par un alésage 9 que présente une paroi 29 du culot, plate et orientée perpendiculairement à l'axe 25.Downstream of the rotor housing 4, if one refers to direction 27, the support 6 is pierced with a channel 53 arranged along the axis 25 and which places the rotor housing 4 in communication with a pyrotechnic relay for setting fire 3 secured to the base 2 opposite the body 1; similarly, upstream if we refer to direction 27, the housing of the rotor 4 is placed in communication with a part of the cavity 22 left free by the base 2 inside the body 1, by a bore 9 that has a wall 29 of the base, flat and oriented perpendicular to the axis 25.

L'alésage 9, cylindrique de révolution autour de l'axe 25, traverse la paroi 29 de part en part et il est bordé, à son embouchure à l'intérieur de la partie de la cavité 22 qui n'est pas occupée par le culot 2, par un épaulement 12 'annulaire, de révolution autour de l'axe 25 et délimité d'une part par une face annulaire plane 30, orientée perpendiculairement à l'axe 25, tournée en sens inverse du sens 27 et adjacente à l'alésage 9 par sa périphérie intérieure, et d'autre part par une face 31 cylindrique de révolution autour de l'axe 25 avec un diamètre supérieur à celui de l'alésage 9 ; cette face 31 est tournée dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport à l'axe 25 et relie la périphérie extérieure de la face 30 à une face 32 plane, orientée transversalement par rapport à l'axe 25 et tournée en sens inverse du sens 27, face 32 qui délimite la paroi 29 du culot 2 dans le sens inverse du sens 27 et est jointive, par sa périphérie extérieure, de la face intérieure 23 de la cavité 22.The bore 9, cylindrical of revolution around the axis 25, passes through the wall 29 right through and it is bordered, at its mouth inside the part of the cavity 22 which is not occupied by the base 2, by an annular shoulder 12 ′, of revolution about the axis 25 and delimited on the one hand by a flat annular face 30, oriented perpendicular to the axis 25, turned in the opposite direction to the direction 27 and adjacent to the bore 9 by its inner periphery, and secondly by a cylindrical face 31 of revolution about the axis 25 with a diameter greater than that of bore 9; this face 31 is turned in the direction of a distance from the axis 25 and connects the outer periphery of the face 30 to a flat face 32, oriented transversely with respect to the axis 25 and turned in the opposite direction to the direction 27, face 32 which delimits the wall 29 of the base 2 in the opposite direction to the direction 27 and is joined, by its outer periphery, to the inner face 23 of the cavity 22.

On notera que les faces 30 et 32 sont ainsi placées en regard de la face 21 de la cavité 22 du corps 1, et à distance de cette face 21 suivant la direction de l'axe 25.It will be noted that the faces 30 and 32 are thus placed opposite the face 21 of the cavity 22 of the body 1, and at a distance from this face 21 in the direction of the axis 25.

A l'intérieur de l'alésage 9 est monté, à coulissement suivant l'axe 25, un doigt axial 8 de verrouillage du rotor 4, sous la forme d'une douille.Inside the bore 9 is mounted, sliding along the axis 25, an axial finger 8 for locking the rotor 4, in the form of a sleeve.

Cette douille 8 est délimitée notamment par des faces périphériques respectivement intérieure 33 et extérieure 34, cylindriques de révolution autour de l'axe 25 et tournées respectivement vers celui-ci et dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport à celui-ci ; à son extrémité aval, si l'on se réfère au sens 27, elle est délimitée par une face annulaire plane 35, orientée perpendiculairement à l'axe 25 et joignant les faces 33 et 34 ; à son extrémité amont, si l'on se réfère au sens 27, elle présente de façon solidaire une collerette 10 orientée transversalement par rapport à l'axe 25 et formant une saillie dans le sens d'un éloignement vis-à-vis de celui-ci par rapport à la face 34 ; cette collerette 10 est délimitée par deux faces annulaires planes 36 et 37, orientées perpendiculairement à l'axe 25, tournées respectivement vers l'amont et vers l'aval si l'on se réfère au sens 27 et adjacentes par leur périphérie intérieure respectivement à la face 33 et à la face 34, et par une face périphérique extérieure 38 cylindrique de révolution autour de l'axe 25 avec un diamètre avantageusement voisin de celui de la face 31, cette face 38 joignant les périphéries extérieures respectives des faces 36 et 37.This bushing 8 is delimited in particular by peripheral faces, respectively inner 33 and outer 34, cylindrical of revolution around the axis 25 and turned respectively towards the latter and in the direction of a distance relative to the latter; at its downstream end, if one refers to direction 27, it is delimited by a flat annular face 35, oriented perpendicular to the axis 25 and joining the faces 33 and 34; at its upstream end, if one refers to the direction 27, it has an integral flange 10 oriented transversely with respect to the axis 25 and forming a projection in the direction of a distance from that -ci with respect to the face 34; this flange 10 is delimited by two flat annular faces 36 and 37, oriented perpendicular to the axis 25, facing respectively upstream and downstream if we refer to the direction 27 and adjacent by their inner periphery respectively to the face 33 and to the face 34, and by a cylindrical outer peripheral face 38 of revolution around the axis 25 with a diameter advantageously close to that of the face 31, this face 38 joining the respective outer peripheries of the faces 36 and 37 .

La face 37 est ainsi placée en regard de la face 30 et la face 36 en regard d'une zone centrale 48 de la face 21, et la face 34 de la douille 8 présente un diamètre approximativement égal à celui de l'alésage 9, pour autoriser un contact mutuel glissant assurant le guidage de la douille 8 à la translation suivant l'axe 25 par rapport à l'ensemble solidaire formé par le culot 2 et le corps 1.The face 37 is thus placed facing the face 30 and the face 36 facing a central zone 48 of the face 21, and the face 34 of the sleeve 8 has a diameter approximately equal to that of the bore 9, to authorize a sliding mutual contact guiding the sleeve 8 in translation along the axis 25 relative to the integral assembly formed by the base 2 and the body 1.

Les dimensions de la douille 8 parallèlement à l'axe 25, et notamment la distance séparant ses faces 35 et 37, sont telles que, lorsque la douille 8 repose par la face 37 de la collerette 10 sur la face 30 de l'épaulement 12 du culot 2, par l'intermédiaire d'une zone centrale d'une rondelle 11 qui sera décrite en détail ultérieurement, son extrémité aval définie par la face 35 pénètre à l'intérieur du logement du rotor 4, de façon à pouvoir immobiliser celui-ci à l'intérieur du support 6 dans deux positions définies par l'engagement de cette extrémité de la douille 8 respectivement dans deux fraisures, respectivement 7 et 24, que présente complémentairement le rotor 4.The dimensions of the sleeve 8 parallel to the axis 25, and in particular the distance separating its faces 35 and 37, are such that, when the sleeve 8 rests by the face 37 of the flange 10 on the face 30 of the shoulder 12 of the base 2, via a central zone of a washer 11 which will be described in detail later, its downstream end defined by the face 35 penetrates inside the housing of the rotor 4, so as to be able to immobilize that here inside the support 6 in two positions defined by the engagement of this end of the socket 8 respectively in two countersinks, respectively 7 and 24, which the rotor 4 has additionally.

La première de ces fraisures 7 est de révolution autour d'un axe 39 du rotor 4, passant par le centre C de celui-ci mais décalé par rapport à son axe d'inertie propre 26 (voir la figure 3), la deuxième 24 de ces fraisures étant quant à elle de révolution autour de l'axe 26 et constituant un tronçon du canal 28 contenant l'amorce-détonateur 5.The first of these countersinks 7 is of revolution about an axis 39 of the rotor 4, passing through the center C thereof but offset with respect to its own axis of inertia 26 (see FIG. 3), the second 24 of these countersinks being in turn around the axis 26 and constituting a section of the channel 28 containing the primer-detonator 5.

L'engagement de la douille 8 dans la fraisure 7 du rotor correspond à un état initial de verrouillage en sécurité, illustré à la figure 1, dans lequel l'axe d'inertie propre 26 du rotor 4 est décalé angulairement par rapport à l'axe 25.The engagement of the socket 8 in the countersink 7 of the rotor corresponds to an initial state of safety locking, illustrated in FIG. 1, in which the own axis of inertia 26 of the rotor 4 is angularly offset relative to the axis 25.

Une giration de la fusée, c'est-à-dire du corps 1 et du culot 2, autour de l'axe 25 provoque alors un mouvement gyroscopique du rotor 4 se traduisant ensuite, dès que le rotor 4 est libéré par dégagement de la douille 8 vis-à-vis de la fraisure 7, par un alignement progressif de l'axe d'inertie propre 26 du rotor 4 avec l'axe de giration 25, ce qui .place la fraisure 24 en regard de la douille suivant l'axe 25 et autorise un verrouillage à nouveau par engagement de la douille 8 dans la fraisure 24, comme l'illustre la figure 3 ; dans cette position, le canal 28 du rotor 5 communique d'une part avec le canal 53 du support 6 et d'autre part avec l'intérieur de la douille 8 et, via celle-ci, avec un canal central 16, d'axe 25, que présente intérieurement, en vue du guidage d'un percuteur 17 au coulissement suivant l'axe 25 notamment dans le sens 27, un arbre creux 15 solidaire du corps 1 à l'intérieur de la cavité 22, lequel arbre creux 15 forme une saillie dans le sens 27 par rapport à la zone centrale 48 de la face 21 jusqu'à pénétrer à l'intérieur de la douille 8 ; dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport à l'axe 25, l'arbre creux 15 est délimité, à l'intérieur de la cavité 22, par une face périphérique extérieure 41 cylindrique de révolution autour de l'axe 25 avec un diamètre inférieur au diamètre de la face intérieure 33 de la douille 8 de façon à ne pas entraver la possibilité de translation de celle-ci parallèlement à l'axe 25 par coulissement dans l'alésage 9 du culot 4.A gyration of the rocket, that is to say of the body 1 and of the base 2, around the axis 25 then causes a gyroscopic movement of the rotor 4 which is then reflected, as soon as the rotor 4 is released by releasing the sleeve 8 with respect to the countersink 7, by a progressive alignment of the own axis of inertia 26 of the rotor 4 with the axis of gyration 25, which places the countersink 24 opposite the socket along the axis 25 and authorizes locking again by engagement of the socket 8 in the countersink 24, as illustrated in FIG. 3; in this position, the channel 28 of the rotor 5 communicates on the one hand with the channel 53 of the support 6 and on the other hand with the interior of the sleeve 8 and, via the latter, with a central channel 16, axis 25, which has internally, for the guidance of a striker 17 to slide along the axis 25 in particular in the direction 27, a hollow shaft 15 secured to the body 1 inside the cavity 22, which hollow shaft 15 forms a projection in the direction 27 with respect to the central zone 48 of the face 21 until it penetrates inside the socket 8; in the direction of a distance from the axis 25, the hollow shaft 15 is delimited, inside the cavity 22, by an outer peripheral face 41 cylindrical of revolution around the axis 25 with a diameter less than the diameter of the inner face 33 of the sleeve 8 so as not to hinder the possibility of translation of the latter parallel to the axis 25 by sliding in the bore 9 of the base 4.

L'état illustré à la figure 3 constitue ainsi un état d'armement du dispositif, la chaîne pyrotechnique incluant le relai 3, le canal 29, l'amorce 5 placée dans le canal 28, l'intérieur de la douille 8, le canal 16 et le percuteur 17 qu'il contient étant alors formée sans discontinuité.The state illustrated in FIG. 3 thus constitutes a state of arming of the device, the pyrotechnic chain including the relay 3, the channel 29, the primer 5 placed in the channel 28, the interior of the socket 8, the channel 16 and the striker 17 which it contains being then formed without discontinuity.

Naturellement, la longueur de l'arbre creux 15 mesurée parallèlement à l'axe 25 est telle qu'il ne puisse entraver un tel mouvement du rotor 4 ; par exemple, il est délimité vers l'aval, si l'on se réfère au sens 27, par une face annulaire plane 40, orientée perpendiculairement à l'axe 25, située approximativement coplanairement avec la face 22 de la paroi 29 du culot 2.Naturally, the length of the hollow shaft 15 measured parallel to the axis 25 is such that it cannot hinder such movement of the rotor 4; for example, it is delimited downstream, if one refers to direction 27, by a plane annular face 40, oriented perpendicular to the axis 25, located approximately coplanarly with the face 22 of the wall 29 of the base 2 .

Pour temporiser le passage du rotor de l'état initial illustré à la figure 1 à l'état illustré à la figure 3 en retenant provisoirement la douille 8 engagée dans la fraisure 7, l'arbre 15 porte, par la face périphérique extérieure 41, un verrou 13 en forme de manchon qui l'entoure par une face périphérique intérieure 42, également cylindrique de révolution autour de l'axe 25 avec un diamètre sensiblement égal à celui de la face 41 de façon à assurer, par contact mutuel glissant des faces 41 et 42, une indépendance du verrou 13 à la rotation autour de l'axe 25 par rapport au corps 1 lorsque la fusée est au repos.To delay the passage of the rotor from the initial state illustrated in FIG. 1 to the state illustrated in FIG. 3 by temporarily retaining the sleeve 8 engaged in the countersink, the shaft 15 carries, by the external peripheral face 41, a latch 13 in the form of a sleeve which surrounds it by an inner peripheral face 42, also cylindrical of revolution around the axis 25 with a diameter substantially equal to that of the face 41 so as to ensure, by mutual sliding contact of the faces 41 and 42, independence of the bolt 13 in rotation about the axis 25 relative to the body 1 when the rocket is at rest.

Le verrou 13 est par ailleurs délimité par une face périphérique extérieure 43, coaxiale à sa face 42 et présentant un diamètre par exemple voisin de celui de la face 31 de l'épaulement 12 du culot 2, et par deux faces d'extrémité 44, 45, annulaires, planes, orientées perpendiculairement à l'axe 25, dont la première est en butée contre la zone centrale 48 de la face 21 autour de l'axe creux 15, et dont la seconde est en butée contre la face 36 de la collerette 10 de la douille 8, elle-même en butée par sa face 37 contre la face 30 de l'épaulement 12 via la zone centrale de la rondelle élastique 11 comme il a été dit plus haut, si l'on se réfère à la position de verrouillage en sécurité du rotor 4 illustrée à la figure 1.The bolt 13 is moreover delimited by an outer peripheral face 43, coaxial with its face 42 and having a diameter for example close to that of the face 31 of the shoulder 12 of the base 2, and by two end faces 44, 45, annular, flat, oriented perpendicular to the axis 25, the first of which abuts against the central zone 48 of the face 21 around the hollow axis 15, and the second of which abuts against the face 36 of the flange 10 of the socket 8, itself in abutment by its face 37 against the face 30 of the shoulder 12 via the central zone of the elastic washer 11 as was said above, if one refers to the secure locking position of the rotor 4 illustrated in FIG. 1.

Le verrou 13 assure entre la douille 8 et la face 21 du corps 1 un entretoisement empêchant la douille 8 de se dégager de la fraisure 7 du rotor 4, avec un jeu axial compatible avec l'indépendance du verrou 13 et du corps 1 à la rotation autour de l'axe 25.The latch 13 provides between the socket 8 and the face 21 of the body 1 a bracing preventing the socket 8 from disengaging from the countersink 7 of the rotor 4, with an axial clearance compatible with the independence of the latch 13 and of the body 1 to the rotation around axis 25.

Cependant, comme il est connu en soi et comme le montre la figure 5, le verrou 13 est fragilisé par exemple par des stries telles que 54 orientées parallèlement à l'axe 25 et présente une interruption 55 suivant un plan incluant cet axe 25, de telle sorte que, lorsqu'il tourne autour de l'axe 25 à une vitesse angulaire dépassant une valeur prédéterminée inférieure à la vitesse de giration maximale du corps 1, la force centrifuge qu'il subit alors provoque son ouverture, par sectionnement ou de préférence pliage le long des lignes de plus grande fragilité définies par les stries 59, avec pour conséquence sa migration centrifuge par déformation homothétique et la suppression de l'entretoisement de la collerette 10 de la douille 8 vis-à-vis de la face 21 du corps 1, c'est-à-dire l'apparition d'une possibilité de coulissement de la douille 8 en sens inverse du sens 27 dans l'alésage 9 du culot 2, c'est-à-dire de libération du rotor 4 dans le sens d'un alignement de son axe 26 avec l'axe de giration 25.However, as is known per se and as shown in FIG. 5, the latch 13 is weakened for example by striations such as 54 oriented parallel to the axis 25 and has an interruption 55 along a plane including this axis 25, of such that, when it rotates around the axis 25 at an angular speed exceeding a predetermined value lower than the maximum rate of gyration of the body 1, the centrifugal force which it undergoes then causes it to open, by sectioning or preferably folding along the lines of greatest fragility defined by the ridges 59, with the consequence of its centrifugal migration by homothetic deformation and the elimination of the bracing of the flange 10 of the sleeve 8 with respect to the face 21 of the body 1, that is to say the appearance of a possibility of sliding of the sleeve 8 in the opposite direction to the direction 27 in the bore 9 of the base 2, that is to say of release of the rotor 4 in the direction of alignment of its axis 26 with the axis of turning 25.

Pour éviter qu'une ouverture accidentelle du verrou 13 provoque intempestivement une telle libération et pour retarder cette dernière, entre la face périphérique extérieure 43 du verrou 13 et la face intérieure 23 du corps 1 est disposée une bande spirale élastique 14 indépendante du verrou 13 et qui présente une masse, une forme, une rigidité et une précontrainte telles que, au repos, c'est-à-dire lorsque le verrou 13 est immobile, cette bande spirale élastique 14 soit enroulée autour de la face périphérique extérieure du verrou 13 et l'enserre de façon à en être solidaire par friction, et telles qu'elles autorisent ensuite le processus de déroulement suivant de la bande, en fonction duquel l'Homme du Métier déterminera aisément les valeurs à donner à cette masse (notamment en termes de masse linéaire), cette forme (notamment en termes de largeur et longueur de la bande), cette rigidité et cette précontrainte imposée à l'enroulement, en usine, de la bande autour de la face 43 du verrou 13.To prevent an accidental opening of the lock 13 inadvertently causing such release and to delay the latter, between the outer peripheral face 43 of the lock 13 and the inner face 23 of the body 1 is disposed an elastic spiral band 14 independent of the lock 13 and which has a mass, shape, rigidity and prestressing such that, at rest, that is to say when the latch 13 is stationary, this elastic spiral strip 14 is wound around the outer peripheral face of the latch 13 and encloses it so as to be integral with it by friction, and such that they then allow the following process of unwinding of the strip, according to which the skilled person will easily determine the values to be given to this mass (in particular in terms of linear mass), this shape (in particular in terms of width and length of the strip), this rigidity and this prestressing imposed on the winding, in the factory, of the strip around the face 43 of the verro u 13.

Au repos, c'est-à-dire lors du stockage et de l'alimentation dans l'arme, le verrou 13 et la bande spirale élastique 14 qui en est ainsi solidaire sont libres à la rotation autour de l'axe 25 par rapport au corps 1 grâce au montage du verrou 13 décrit plus haut.At rest, that is to say during storage and feeding into the weapon, the bolt 13 and the elastic spiral band 14 which is thus integral therewith are free to rotate about the axis 25 relative to to the body 1 thanks to the mounting of the lock 13 described above.

Au moment du tir, et lors de son parcours dans le tube d'arme, le projectile et, avec lui, le corps de fusée 1 se déplacent dans un sens 56 qui est ici inverse du sens 27 mais pourrait être identique, en subissant une accélération puissante, dont la valeur est par exemple de l'ordre de 60 000 à 120000 fois la valeur du champ d'attraction terrestre, et le verrou vient par inertie se plaquer vers l'arrière en référence au sens 56, contre toute contrepartie possible ; ainsi, dans l'exemple illustré, le verrou 13, par sa face 45 et par l'intermédiaire de la collerette 10 et de la rondelle 11, vient se plaquer contre l'épaulement 12, qui assure par friction sa solidarisation à la rotation autour de l'axe 25 avec le corps 1 dans le sens de giration tel que 58 ; par conséquent, le verrou 13 et la bande spirale élastique qu'il porte, ici elle-même en appui avec friction contre l'une 50 des faces de la rondelle 10, sont entraînés à la rotation autour de l'axe 25 à la même vitesse que le corps 1, dans le même sens 58, pour atteindre à la bouche du tube d'arme une vitesse de rotation maximale qui est par exemple de l'ordre de 40 000 à 60 000 tours par minute, à partir d'une valeur initiale nulle.At the time of the firing, and during its course in the weapon barrel, the projectile and, with it, the rocket body 1 move in a direction 56 which is here opposite to the direction 27 but could be identical, by undergoing a powerful acceleration, the value of which is for example of the order of 60,000 to 120,000 times the value of the earth's field of attraction, and the lock comes by inertia to be pressed backwards with reference to direction 56, against any possible consideration ; thus, in the example illustrated, the latch 13, by its face 45 and by means of the flange 10 and the washer 11, is pressed against the shoulder 12, which by friction ensures its attachment to the rotation around axis 25 with the body 1 in the direction of gyration such as 58; consequently, the bolt 13 and the elastic spiral band which it carries, here itself in frictional abutment against one 50 of the faces of the washer 10, are rotated about the axis 25 at the same speed as the body 1, in the same direction 58, to reach the muzzle of the barrel of a maximum rotation speed which is for example of the order of 40,000 to 60,000 revolutions per minute, from a zero initial value.

Cet état de totale solidarité des différents éléments du dispositif avec le corps 1 préserve l'état initial illustré aux figures 1 et 5.This state of total solidarity of the various elements of the device with the body 1 preserves the initial state illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 5.

Dès le franchissement de la bouche, l'accélération dans le sens 56 cesse pour être remplacée par une décélération dont la valeur est par exemple de l'ordre de 40 fois la valeur du champ d'attraction terrestre ; tous les éléments du dispositif mobiles à l'intérieur du corps 1 tendent alors par inertie à se déplacer vers l'avant, en référence au sens 56, et viennent se plaquer contre toute contrepartie possible et, notamment, le verrou 13 franchit le jeu axial de montage pour venir s'appliquer contre une contrepartie du corps 1 vers l'avant, en référence au sens 56, c'est-à-dire ici contre la zone centrale 48 de la face 21 qui fournit un appui à sa face 44.As soon as the mouth is crossed, the acceleration in direction 56 ceases to be replaced by a deceleration whose value is for example of the order of 40 times the value of the terrestrial field of attraction; all the elements of the mobile device inside the body 1 then tend by inertia to move forward, with reference to direction 56, and come to be pressed against any possible counterpart and, in particular, the latch 13 crosses the axial clearance mounting for coming to bear against a counterpart of the body 1 towards the front, with reference to the direction 56, that is to say here against the central zone 48 of the face 21 which provides support for its face 44.

Simultanément, la spire extérieure de la bande spirale 14 tend à se dégager vers l'extérieur sous l'action de la force centrifuge et à venir se plaquer contre la face périphérique inférieure 23 du corps 1, si bien qu'il s'en suit le déroulement centrifuge total de la bande spirale 14 dont on notera qu'à cet effet, l'enroulement est tel que les zones de la bande spirale respectivement de plus en plus proches de l'axe 25 se succèdent dans le sens 58 de giration, déterminé par le sens des rayures du canon de l'arme (Figure 5).Simultaneously, the outer turn of the spiral strip 14 tends to disengage outward under the action of centrifugal force and to come to press against the lower peripheral face 23 of the body 1, so that it follows the total centrifugal unwinding of the spiral band 14, of which it will be noted that for this purpose, the winding is such that the zones of the spiral band respectively increasingly closer to the axis 25 succeed one another in the direction 58 of gyration, determined by the direction of the gun barrel stripes (Figure 5).

A la fin de ce processus, la bande spirale 14 est intégralement enroulée entre la face périphérique intérieure 23 du corps 1, et solidaire de ce dernier par friction du fait de la force centrifuge, et la face périphérique extérieure 43 du verrou 13 est totalement dégagée.At the end of this process, the spiral strip 14 is completely wound between the inner peripheral face 23 of the body 1, and secured to the latter by friction due to centrifugal force, and the outer peripheral face 43 of the latch 13 is completely released. .

Le verrou 13, ainsi libéré de l'action de la bande spirale 14, est soumis à une force centrifuge équivalente au moins à celle résultant de la vitesse de rotation du corps 1 du projectile et s'ouvre librement ou se casse pour venir à son tour, par un mouvement centrifuge, s'appliquer contre la bande spirale 14 qui assure son entraînement par friction à une vitesse telle qu'elle maintienne sur lui l'action d'une force centrifuge suffisante pour le maintenir écarté de l'extrémité 47 de la rondelle 11.The latch 13, thus freed from the action of the spiral band 14, is subjected to a centrifugal force equivalent at least to that resulting from the speed of rotation of the body 1 of the projectile and opens freely or breaks to come to its turn, by a centrifugal movement, apply against the spiral band 14 which ensures its friction drive at a speed such that it maintains on it the action of a centrifugal force sufficient to keep it away from the end 47 of the washer 11.

La figure 1 illustre l'état initial du dispositif, la bande spirale 14 étant enroulée autour du verrou 13 lui-même fermé sur l'arbre 15, alors que les figures 2 et 3 illustrent des états dans lesquels la bande spirale 14 est plaquée contre la face périphérique intérieure 23 de la cavité 22, le verrou 13 se trouvant dans un état intermédiaire de sa migration centrifuge à la figure 2 alors qu'il se trouve au stade final de celle-ci à la figure 3, plaqué contre la bande spirale 14 elle-même plaquée contre la face 23.FIG. 1 illustrates the initial state of the device, the spiral strip 14 being wound around the bolt 13 itself closed on the shaft 15, while FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate states in which the spiral strip 14 is pressed against the inner peripheral face 23 of the cavity 22, the latch 13 being in an intermediate state of its centrifugal migration in FIG. 2 while it is in the final stage of this in FIG. 3 , pressed against the spiral strip 14 itself pressed against the face 23.

Au cours de ce mouvement centrifuge, le verrou 13 impose par l'intermédiaire de la rondelle 11, du fait de la forme de la face 21 du corps 1, contre laquelle il est alors contraint de se déplacer, un mouvement de coulissement de la douille 8 à l'intérieur de l'alésage 9 en sens inverse du sens 27, pour provoquer la libération du rotor 4 dans le sens d'un alignement de son axe d'inertie propre 26 avec l'axe de giration 25.During this centrifugal movement, the latch 13 imposes by means of the washer 11, due to the shape of the face 21 of the body 1, against which it is then forced to move, a sliding movement of the sleeve 8 inside the bore 9 in the opposite direction to the direction 27, to cause the release of the rotor 4 in the direction of alignment of its own axis of inertia 26 with the axis of gyration 25.

A cet effet, la rondelle 11 peut être rigide ou, de préférence et comme il est illustré, semi-rigide mais élastiquement déformable à partir d'une conformation initiale plane, perpendiculaire à l'axe 25, dans laquelle elle est illustrée aux figures 1 et 4 en référence auxquelles elle va être décrite à présent ; elle présente un orifice central 20 destiné à sa traversée par la douille 8, et qui présente à cet effet une forme cylindrique de révolution autour de l'axe 25 avec un diamètre supérieur à celui de la face 34 de la douille 8 mais inférieur aux diamètres respectifs des faces 38 et 31 respectivement de la collerette 10 et de l'épaulement 12 du culot 2.For this purpose, the washer 11 can be rigid or, preferably and as illustrated, semi-rigid but elastically deformable from an initial plane conformation, perpendicular to the axis 25, in which it is illustrated in Figures 1 and 4 with reference to which it will now be described; it has a central orifice 20 intended for its passage through the sleeve 8, and which for this purpose has a cylindrical shape of revolution around the axis 25 with a diameter greater than that of the face 34 of the sleeve 8 but less than the diameters respective faces 38 and 31 respectively of the collar 10 and the shoulder 12 of the base 2.

De la périphérie intérieure 46 de la rondelle 11 ainsi définie par l'orifice 20 rayonnent des fentes 19, régulièrement réparties autour de l'axe 25 et ici au nombre de trois ; débouchant dans la périphérie intérieure 46 de la rondelle 11, ces fentes 19 sont par contre fermées vers la périphérie extérieure 47 de celle-ci également cylindrique de révolution autour de l'axe 25 avec un diamètre suffisamment inférieur à celui de la face 23 pour que, lorsque la bande spirale 14 et le verrou 13 se plaquent contre cette face 23, ils dégagent totalement la périphérie extérieure 47 de la rondelle comme le montre la figure 3.From the inner periphery 46 of the washer 11 thus defined by the orifice 20 radiate slots 19, regularly distributed around the axis 25 and here three in number; opening into the inner periphery 46 of the washer 11, these slots 19 are on the other hand closed towards the outer periphery 47 of the latter also cylindrical of revolution around the axis 25 with a diameter sufficiently smaller than that of the face 23 so that , when the spiral strip 14 and the latch 13 press against this face 23, they completely release the outer periphery 47 of the washer as shown in FIG. 3.

La face 21 du corps 1 se caractérise quant à elle par une forme concave, définie par une rampe 18 placée en regard de la périphérie extérieure 47 de la rondelle 11 si l'on se réfère à la direction de l'axe 25, et qui relie la zone centrale 48 à une zone périphérique 49.The face 21 of the body 1 is characterized in turn by a concave shape, defined by a ramp 18 placed opposite the outer periphery 47 of the washer 11 if one refers to the direction of the axis 25, and which connects the central zone 48 to a peripheral zone 49.

La zone centrale 48, qui porte en saillie l'arbre 15, est annulaire, plane, perpendiculaire à l'axe de giration 25 et elle est délimitée d'une part par une périphérie intérieure circulaire de jonction avec la face périphérique extérieure 41 de l'arbre creux 15 et d'autre part par une périphérie extérieure, également circulaire, de liaison avec la rampe 18 ; la zone périphérique 49 est également annulaire, plane, perpendiculaire à l'axe 25, et elle est délimitée par une périphérie extérieure circulaire de liaison avec la face 23 de la cavité 22 et par une périphérie intérieure égaiement-circulaire de liaison avec la rampe 18.The central zone 48, which projects the shaft 15, is annular, planar, perpendicular to the axis of gyration 25 and it is delimited on the one hand by a circular internal periphery of junction with the external peripheral face 41 of the 'hollow shaft 15 and on the other hand by an outer periphery, also circular, of connection with the ramp 18; the peripheral zone 49 is also annular, flat, perpendicular to the axis 25, and it is delimited by a circular external periphery for connection with the face 23 of the cavity 22 and by an equally circularly internal periphery for connection with the ramp 18 .

La zone périphérique 49 est décalée par rapport à la zone 48 dans le sens 27, et la rampe 18 qui les relie présente entre elles la forme d'un tronc de cône de révolution autour de l'axe 25, divergent dans le sens 27, avec une conicité telle que, lors de son mouvement centrifuge par homothétie lié à son ouverture, le verrou massif 13, qui tend à conserver son orientation moyenne selon l'axe 25, vienne prendre appui d'une part contre la rampe 18 et d'autre part contre la face 50 de la rondelle 11 qui est placée en regard de la face 21 et contre laquelle la collerette 10 de la douille de verrouillage 8 s'appuie par sa face 37 autour de l'orifice central 20, pour provoquer lors de la poursuite du mouvement centrifuge l'application à la rondelle 11, dans une zone localisée en porte-à-faux par rapport à l'épaulement 12 du culot 2, d'une poussée dans le sens 27 se traduisant par un basculement de la rondelle 11 par rapport à l'axe 25, du fait de son appui sur l'épaulement 12.The peripheral zone 49 is offset relative to the zone 48 in the direction 27, and the ramp 18 which connects them has the form of a truncated cone of revolution around the axis 25, diverging in the direction 27, with a taper such that, during its centrifugal movement by homothety linked to its opening, the massive latch 13, which tends to keep its average orientation along the axis 25, comes to bear on the one hand against the ramp 18 and on the other hand against the face 50 of the washer 11 which is placed opposite the face 21 and against which the flange 10 of the locking sleeve 8 is supported by its face 37 around the central orifice 20, to cause during the continuation of the centrifugal movement the application to the washer 11, in a localized area cantilevered relative to the shoulder 12 of the base 2, of a thrust in the direction 27 resulting in a tilting of the washer 11 relative to the axis 25, due to its support on the shoulder 12.

Dans l'exemple de mise en oeuvre préféré illustré, ce basculement s'accompagne d'une déformation élastique de la rondelle 11.In the preferred embodiment illustrated, this tilting is accompanied by an elastic deformation of the washer 11.

La zone de la périphérie extérieure 47 de celle-ci servant d'appui au verrou 13 se déplace dans le sens 27 par rapport à l'épaulement 12 alors que par effet de levier, c'est-à-dire par pivotement de la face 51 de la rondelle 11 tournée dans le sens 27 sur l'arête circulaire 52 de liaison entre les faces 30 et 31 de l'épaulement 12, les zones de la rondelle 11 situées au-delà de l'appui de sa face 51 sur l'arête 52 se déplacent en sens inverse ; ce mouvement peut s'effectuer librement dans la mesure où le verrou massif 13 ne constitue plus une entretoise maintenant la rondelle 11 appliquée à plat par sa face 51 sur la face 30 de l'épaulement 12 du culot 2 par l'intermédiaire de la collerette 10 de la douille 8 ; il en résulte une poussée appliquée en sens inverse du sens 27 sur la face 37 de la collerette 10 par la face 50 de la rondelle 11, avec pour résultat un mouvement de coulissement de la douille 8 en sens inverse du sens 27 par rapport au culot 2 et son dégagement vis-à-vis de la fraisure 7 du rotor 4, ainsi déverrouillé comme le montre la figure 2.The area of the outer periphery 47 thereof serving as a support for the bolt 13 moves in the direction 27 relative to the shoulder 12 while by leverage, that is to say by pivoting of the face 51 of the washer 11 turned in the direction 27 on the circular edge 52 of connection between the faces 30 and 31 of the shoulder 12, the zones of the washer 11 located beyond the support of its face 51 on the edge 52 move in the opposite direction; this movement can be carried out freely insofar as the solid bolt 13 no longer constitutes a spacer maintaining the washer 11 applied flat by its face 51 on the face 30 of the shoulder 12 of the base 2 via the flange 10 of socket 8; this results in a thrust applied in the opposite direction to the direction 27 on the face 37 of the flange 10 by the face 50 of the washer 11, with the result of a sliding movement of the sleeve 8 in the opposite direction to the direction 27 relative to the base 2 and its clearance from the countersink 7 of the rotor 4, thus unlocked as shown in FIG. 2.

Dès que le rotor 4 est déverrouillé, il gagne par effet gyroscopique une position dans laquelle son axe d'inertie propre 26 est confondu avec l'axe 25 et dans laquelle la fraisure 24 est placée en regard de la douille 8 ; à cet effet, le décalage angulaire a ramené au centre C, entre les deux fraisures 7 et 24 est inférieur à 90°.As soon as the rotor 4 is unlocked, it gains by gyroscopic effect a position in which its own axis of inertia 26 is coincident with the axis 25 and in which the countersink 24 is placed opposite the bush 8; for this purpose, the angular offset brought back to the center C, between the two millings 7 and 24 is less than 90 °.

De préférence, lorsque, à la fin du mouvement centrifuge du verrou massif 13, celui-ci vient se plaquer contre la face 23 de la cavité 22 par l'intermédiaire la bande spirale 14, la rondelle 11 échappe au verrou 13, intégralement situé à l'extérieur de sa périphérie extérieure 47, et la rondelle 11 reprend par élasticité une conformation plane, ce qui permet à la douille 8 de revenir dans une position en saillie à l'intérieur du logement du rotor 4 dans une position d'alignement de son canal 28 avec l'intérieur de la douille 8 et avec le canal 53, comme l'illustre la figure 3.Preferably, when, at the end of the centrifugal movement of the solid bolt 13, it comes to press against the face 23 of the cavity 22 by means of the spiral strip 14, the washer 11 escapes from the bolt 13, entirely located at outside its outer periphery 47, and the washer 11 resumes by elasticity a flat conformation, which allows the bush 8 to return to a projecting position inside the housing of the rotor 4 in a position of alignment of its channel 28 with the inside of the socket 8 and with the channel 53, as illustrated in FIG. 3.

On notera qu'aucun moyen spécifique complémentaire n'est apparu nécessaire pour provoquer le retour de la douille 8 dans une position de verrouillage ; un tel retour peut être provoqué par inertie, comme le mouvement du percuteur 17 dans le sens 27, selon les cas soit lors de la percussion avec un obstacle si la progression de la fusée s'effectue dans le sens 27, par exemple dans le cas d'un projectile explosif, soit lors d'une accélération dépassant une valeur déterminée, dans le cas d'un projectile progressant en sens inverse du sens 27, comme ce peut être le cas d'une fusée de propulsion.It will be noted that no additional specific means have appeared necessary to cause the socket 8 to return to a locking position; such a return can be caused by inertia, like the movement of the striker 17 in the direction 27, depending on the case, either during percussion with an obstacle if the advancement of the rocket takes place in the direction 27, for example in the case of an explosive projectile, or during an acceleration exceeding a determined value, in the case of a projectile advancing in the opposite direction to direction 27, as may be the case of a propulsion rocket.

Diverses variantes pourraient être prévues, notamment en fonction d'une utilisation du dispositif pour le verrouillage de constituants d'une chaîne pyrotechnique autres qu'un rotor renfermant une amorce-détonateur, et notamment pour interrompre ou établir un circuit électrique d'alimentation de fonctions de sécurité ou de fonctions actives.Various variants could be provided, in particular depending on the use of the device for locking the components of a pyrotechnic chain other than a rotor containing a primer-detonator, and in particular for interrupting or establishing an electrical circuit supplying functions security or active functions.

De façon générale, les pièces en rotation relative ou en translation relative seront conçues et traitées de façon à diminuer au maximum les forces de frottement.Generally, the parts in relative rotation or in relative translation will be designed and treated so as to minimize friction forces.

Claims (9)

1. Safety device for a spinning projectile, which possesses, inside the body (1) of the projectile having a specific spin axis (25), a member (4) movable between two positions relative to the body (1) and locking means comprising :
a finger (8) mounted slidably in the body (1) along the spin axis (25) of the latter and interacting with the movable member (4) to immobilize the latter relative to the body (1) in a first of the said positions or to release this member (4) in respect of a movement towards its second position,
a latch (13) at least partially in the form of a sleeve, arranged round an axial shaft (15) of the body (1), the said latch (13) being designed to open under the action of centrifugal force beyond a value of the spinning speed below the maximum value of the latter,
at least one elastic spiral band (14) having such a mass, form, rigidity and prestress that it is wound round the latch (13) and grips it so as to be connected frictionally to it, when at rest, characterised in that :
in a specific direction (27) parallel to the spin axis (25), the finger (8) abuts against a counterpart (12) of the body (1) via a central zone of a washer (11) centred on the spin axis (25) and having an outer periphery (47) projecting relative to the counterpart (12),
the latch (13) is freely rotatable about the spin axis (25) relative to the body (1) and, with an axial play compatible with this relative freedom of rotation, in the said specific direction (27) abuts against a zone (10) of the finger (8) and in the opposite direction against a central zone (48) of a bearing face (21)) of the body (1) having a concavity centred on the spin axis (25), so that the latch (13) ensures bracing between the said central zone (48) of this bearing face (21) and this zone (10) of the finger (8), itself abutting against the counterpart (12) of the body (1) via the central zone of the washer (11), the form of the said bearing face (21) of the body (1) being such that a centrifugal opening of the latch (13) causes, because the latch (13) bears respectively against a peripheral zone of the washer (11) and against the face (21), a displacement of this peripheral zone (47) of the washer (11) relative to the counterpart (12) in the specific direction (27), thus causing as a result of a lever effect a movement of the finger (8) relative to the body (1) in the opposite direction,
the mass, form, rigidity and prestress of the elastic spiral band (14) are also such that it remains wound round the latch (13) and grips it so as to be connected frictionally to it, as long as the latter, becoming fast to the body (1) as a result of inertia during the acceleration of the projectile in the firing tube, undergoes joint spinning with the body (1) at a speed increasing from zero to the said maximum value, and that its outer turn tends to come loose under the action of the centrifugal force at a value slightly below or equal to this maximum value, lay itself against an inner peripheral face (23) of the body (1) and become connected frictionally to the latter, in such a way that, when the projectile emerges from the firing tube, there occurs a centrifugal unwinding of the elastic spiral band (14), with the release of the latch (13) in respect of its centrifugal opening, followed by the centrifugal opening.
2. Device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the internal dimensions of the body (1) are such that there remains round the washer (11) a space intended for receiving the spiral band (14) after its centrifugal loosening and the opened latch (13), in a position in which these two elements release the washer (11).
3. Device according to either one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the said concavity of the bearing face (21) of the body (1), centred on the spin axis (25), is defined by a slope (18) located opposite the outer periphery (47) of the washer (11), with reference to the direction of the spin axis (25), the said slope (18) connecting to one another the said central zone (48) and a peripheral zone (49) of the bearing face (21) of the body (1) which are annular and plane.
4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the washer (11) is separate from the finger (8).
5. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the said counterpart (12) of the body consists of an annular shoulder of the body being of revolution about the spin axis (25) and having an outer periphery (52) set in towards the spin axis (25) in relation to the outer periphery (47) of the washer (11).
6. Device according to Claim 5, characterised in that the washer (11) has a central orifice (20) defined by an inner periphery (46) set in towards the spin axis (25) in relation to the outer periphery (22) of the shoulder (12).
7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the washer (11) is elastic.
8. Device according to Claims 6 and 7 in combination, characterised in that the washer (11) has a plurality of radial slots (19) which open into the central orifice (20) and which are closed towards the outer periphery (47) of the washer (11).
9. Device according to Claim 4 in combination with either one of Claims 6 and 8, characterised in that the finger (8) passes right through the washer (11) along the spin axis (25) and has a first end equipped with a bearing collar (10) transverse relative to the axis (25) and inserted between the latch (13) and the washer (11), and a second end located beyond the washer (11) relative to the first end and interacting with the said movable member (4).
EP83402314A 1982-12-07 1983-12-01 Safety mechanism for spinning projectile fuzes Expired EP0117373B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83402314T ATE25769T1 (en) 1982-12-07 1983-12-01 DEVICE FOR SECURING SPRING BULLET FUZES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8220466A FR2537265A1 (en) 1982-12-07 1982-12-07 AN ANNULAR LOCKING DEVICE SAFETY DEVICE FOR GYRATORY PROJECTILE
FR8220466 1982-12-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0117373A1 EP0117373A1 (en) 1984-09-05
EP0117373B1 true EP0117373B1 (en) 1987-03-04

Family

ID=9279854

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83402314A Expired EP0117373B1 (en) 1982-12-07 1983-12-01 Safety mechanism for spinning projectile fuzes

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0117373B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE25769T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3370073D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2537265A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2714169B1 (en) * 1993-12-17 1996-02-09 Manurhin Defense Safety device for locking a striker and method of manufacturing this device.
FR3039267B1 (en) * 2015-07-24 2017-07-14 Nexter Munitions SAFETY AND ARMING DEVICE FOR AN OGIVE ROCKET AND ROCKER COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1563418A (en) * 1924-10-09 1925-12-01 Adelman Arthur Fuse
NL103346C (en) * 1957-04-25
DE1262831B (en) * 1966-02-21 1968-03-07 Junghans Ges Mit Beschraenkter Twist fuse with head pin bolt
DE1926640B2 (en) * 1969-05-24 1976-06-16 SWIVEL FLOOR DETECTOR
GB1422990A (en) * 1973-06-13 1976-01-28 Diehl Safety device on an electrical projectile fuze
DE2457947A1 (en) * 1974-12-07 1976-06-10 Rheinmetall Gmbh DETONATOR SECURITY FOR DRALL FLOORS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE25769T1 (en) 1987-03-15
DE3370073D1 (en) 1987-04-09
FR2537265B1 (en) 1985-05-24
FR2537265A1 (en) 1984-06-08
EP0117373A1 (en) 1984-09-05

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