EP0117250B1 - Method of adjusting a trip device with permanent magnet - Google Patents

Method of adjusting a trip device with permanent magnet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0117250B1
EP0117250B1 EP84890015A EP84890015A EP0117250B1 EP 0117250 B1 EP0117250 B1 EP 0117250B1 EP 84890015 A EP84890015 A EP 84890015A EP 84890015 A EP84890015 A EP 84890015A EP 0117250 B1 EP0117250 B1 EP 0117250B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tripping
holding magnet
magnetic field
tripping device
holding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84890015A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0117250A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Amon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Felten & Guilleaume Fabrik Elektrischer Apparate AG Schrems-Eugenia Niederosterreich
Original Assignee
Felten & Guilleaume Fabrik Elektrischer Apparate AG Schrems-Eugenia Niederosterreich
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Felten & Guilleaume Fabrik Elektrischer Apparate AG Schrems-Eugenia Niederosterreich filed Critical Felten & Guilleaume Fabrik Elektrischer Apparate AG Schrems-Eugenia Niederosterreich
Publication of EP0117250A1 publication Critical patent/EP0117250A1/en
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Publication of EP0117250B1 publication Critical patent/EP0117250B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/327—Manufacturing or calibrating methods, e.g. air gap treatments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/022—Stairways; Layouts thereof characterised by the supporting structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/104—Treads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F13/00—Apparatus or processes for magnetising or demagnetising
    • H01F13/003—Methods and devices for magnetising permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H69/00—Apparatus or processes for the manufacture of emergency protective devices
    • H01H69/01—Apparatus or processes for the manufacture of emergency protective devices for calibrating or setting of devices to function under predetermined conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for adjusting holding magnet releases, in particular those for residual current circuit breakers.
  • Residual current circuit breakers are usually built with a holding magnet release for cost reasons and to achieve small tripping currents.
  • the holding magnet release must be set to a certain sensitivity so that the required tripping current of the residual current circuit breaker is achieved together with the differential converter.
  • a known method for adjusting the sensitivity is the regulation of the permanent flow, the z. B. can be done by turning or moving the permanent magnet (AT-B-242 777).
  • the permanent magnet By turning the permanent magnet, the permanent flux through the tripping armature changes and with it the current that has to be passed through the excitation winding to weaken the permanent flux through the tripping armature to such an extent that the tripping armature falls off the yoke body due to the pulling action of the tripping spring.
  • the automation of this known adjustment method is costly and must either take place at the open residual current circuit breaker or the residual current circuit breaker is equipped with an adjustment opening which has to be closed after the adjustment in order to prevent unauthorized intervention.
  • a method for adjusting holding magnet triggers is known in which the magnetization of the permanent magnet which is rigid on the yoke body of the holding magnet trigger, e.g. is fixed by spot welding, is reduced by demagnetization until the armature drops through the excitation winding at a predetermined tripping current strength.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying an adjustment method for holding magnet releases, in particular for residual current circuit breakers, which can also be carried out on the fully assembled, fully closed residual current circuit breaker and which does without any movement of the permanent magnet.
  • this is achieved in that the holding magnet release is brought into a magnetic field, the direction of which, preferably step by step, is rotated until the magnetization of the permanent magnet and thus the permanent flux through the release armature of the holding magnet release is changed to such an extent that the release armature is at a predetermined one Tripping current strength drops from the yoke body via the field winding.
  • the procedure according to the invention is preferably such that the holding magnet release is brought into the region of two mutually perpendicular magnetic fields and that the direction of the resulting magnetic field is rotated by preferably gradually changing the strength of the magnetic fields.
  • This embodiment can be carried out with permanently mounted coils and is particularly suitable for automation because the direction of the resulting magnetic field can be rotated simply by changing the current in at least one partial coil.
  • the adjustment in the resulting magnetic field of a cheese is also particularly advantageous because there are no spatial problems with the power supply lines to the holding magnet release.
  • FIG. 1 shows, a residual current circuit breaker 1 with a holding magnet release is brought into the interior of a cross-wound coil consisting of two partial coils 2a, 2b.
  • a holding magnet release there is a permanent magnet 3 shown in dashed lines. If both partial coils 2a, 2b of the cross-wound coil have current flowing through them, a corresponding magnetic field with direction A arises with a corresponding winding sense, with reversed partial coil 2a a magnetic field in direction C.
  • Any resulting magnetic fields can be achieved in all directions between A and C by unequal currents in the partial coils 2a and 2b.
  • the magnetic field can thus be “rotated” by changing the currents in the partial coils 2a and 2b.
  • the permanent magnet 3 retains the magnetic field in the desired direction after the current flowing through the partial coils 2a and 2b is only briefly switched off. The same effect is therefore achieved as if the permanent magnet which had been magnetized in a certain direction had been physically rotated in accordance with the known adjustment method.
  • the residual current circuit breaker 1 can be held and switched on by a device (not shown) and switched into a trip circuit by contacts (not shown).
  • the tripping current of the earth leakage circuit breaker 1 is adjusted only by repeated electrical turning of the cross-coil magnetic field, turning on the switch and measuring the tripping current until the predetermined tripping current is reached.
  • This adjustment process can be done without difficulty through a processor-controlled automatic system without human intervention.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Justierung von Haltemagnetauslösern, insbesondere solchen für Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter.The invention relates to a method for adjusting holding magnet releases, in particular those for residual current circuit breakers.

Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter werden heute meist aus Kostengründen und zur Erzielung kleiner Auslöseströme mit einem Haltemagnetauslöser gebaut. Der Haltemagnetauslöser muss auf eine bestimmte Empfindlichkeit eingestellt werden, damit zusammen mit dem Differentialwandler der erforderliche Auslösestrom des Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalters erreicht wird.Residual current circuit breakers are usually built with a holding magnet release for cost reasons and to achieve small tripping currents. The holding magnet release must be set to a certain sensitivity so that the required tripping current of the residual current circuit breaker is achieved together with the differential converter.

Ein bekanntes Verfahren zur Empfindlichkeitseinstellung ist die Regulierung des Permanentflusses, die z. B. durch Verdrehen oder Verschieben des Permanentmagneten erfolgen kann (AT-B-242 777). Durch das Verdrehen des Permanentmagneten verändert sich der Permanentfluss über den Auslöseanker und damit der Strom, der über die Erregerwicklung geführt werden muss, um den Permanentfluss über den Auslöseanker soweit zu schwächen, dass der Auslöseanker durch die Zugwirkung der Auslösefeder vom Jochkörper abfällt. Die Automatisierung dieses bekannten Justierverfahrens ist kostspielig und muss entweder am geöffneten Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter erfolgen oder der Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter ist mit einer Einstellöffnung ausgestattet, die nach der Justierung zur Verhinderung eines unbefugten Eingriffes verschlossen werden muss.A known method for adjusting the sensitivity is the regulation of the permanent flow, the z. B. can be done by turning or moving the permanent magnet (AT-B-242 777). By turning the permanent magnet, the permanent flux through the tripping armature changes and with it the current that has to be passed through the excitation winding to weaken the permanent flux through the tripping armature to such an extent that the tripping armature falls off the yoke body due to the pulling action of the tripping spring. The automation of this known adjustment method is costly and must either take place at the open residual current circuit breaker or the residual current circuit breaker is equipped with an adjustment opening which has to be closed after the adjustment in order to prevent unauthorized intervention.

Ein weiterer Nachteil des bekannten Justierverfahrens ist es, dass beim Verdrehen oder Verschieben des Permanentmagneten Abriebteilchen entstehen können, die, wenn sie zwischen Auslöseanker und Jochkörper des Haltemagnetauslösers gelangen, seine Funktion stören. Weiters muss eine Sicherung vorgesehen werden, die den Permanentmagnet vor Verdrehen oder Verschieben durch Erschütterungen schützt. Derartige Sicherungen bestehen entweder in Form eines federnden Bauelementes, das zwar den Justiervorgang gestattet, aber bei Erschütterungen den Permanentmagnet vor selbsttätigem Verlagern schützt, oder durch Aufbringen eines Sicherungslackes bzw. ähnlichem nach dem Justiervorgang. Beides verursacht Kosten und verhindert eine rationelle Befestigung des Permanentmagneten am Jochkörper, z.B. durch Punktschweissen.Another disadvantage of the known adjustment method is that when the permanent magnet is rotated or shifted, abrasion particles can arise which, when they get between the release armature and the yoke body of the holding magnet release, interfere with its function. Furthermore, a fuse must be provided that protects the permanent magnet against twisting or shifting due to vibrations. Fuses of this type exist either in the form of a resilient component which, although it allows the adjustment process, but protects the permanent magnet from automatic displacement in the event of vibrations, or by applying a securing lacquer or the like after the adjustment process. Both cause costs and prevent rational attachment of the permanent magnet to the yoke body, e.g. by spot welding.

Aus der FR-A-2 200 606 und der GB-A-2 041 649 ist ein Verfahren zum Justieren von Haltemagnetauslösern bekannt, bei welchem die Magnetisierung des Permanentmagneten, der am Jochkörper des Haltemagnetauslösers starr, z.B. durch Punktschweissen, befestigt ist, durch Entmagnetisieren verringert wird, bis der Anker bei einer vorbestimmten Auslösestromstärke durch die Erregerwicklung abfällt.From FR-A-2 200 606 and GB-A-2 041 649 a method for adjusting holding magnet triggers is known in which the magnetization of the permanent magnet which is rigid on the yoke body of the holding magnet trigger, e.g. is fixed by spot welding, is reduced by demagnetization until the armature drops through the excitation winding at a predetermined tripping current strength.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Justierverfahren für Haltemagnetauslöser, insbesondere solchen für Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter, anzugeben, das auch am fertig zusammengebauten, vollständig verschlossenen Fehlerstrom-Schutschalter ausgeführt werden kann und das auf jegliche Bewegung des Permanentmagneten verzichtet.The invention is based on the object of specifying an adjustment method for holding magnet releases, in particular for residual current circuit breakers, which can also be carried out on the fully assembled, fully closed residual current circuit breaker and which does without any movement of the permanent magnet.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass der Haltemagnetauslöser in ein Magnetfeld gebracht wird, dessen Richtung, vorzugsweise schrittweise, so lange gedreht wird, bis die Magnetisierung des Permanentmagneten und damit der Permanentfluss über den Auslöseanker des Haltemagnetauslösers soweit verändert ist, dass der Auslöseanker bei einer vorbestimmten Auslösestromstärke über die Erregerwicklung vom Jochkörper abfällt. In der Praxis wird erfindungsgemäss bevorzugt so vorgegangen, dass der Haltemagnetauslöser in den Bereich zweier zueinander senkrecht stehender Magnetfelder gebracht wird und dass die Richtung des resultierenden Magnetfeldes durch vorzugsweise schrittweises Verändern der Stärke der Magnetfelder gedreht wird. Diese Ausführungsform kann mit fest montierten Spulen ausgeführt werden und ist zur Automatisierung besonders geeignet, weil die Drehung der Richtung des resultierenden Magnetfeldes einfach durch Ändern des Stromes in mindestens einer Teilspule erfolgen kann. Die Justierung im resultierenden Magnetfeld einer Kreuzspule ist auch deswegen besonders günstig, weil keinerlei räumliche Probleme mit den Stromzuleitungen zu dem Haltemagnetauslöser bestehen.According to the invention, this is achieved in that the holding magnet release is brought into a magnetic field, the direction of which, preferably step by step, is rotated until the magnetization of the permanent magnet and thus the permanent flux through the release armature of the holding magnet release is changed to such an extent that the release armature is at a predetermined one Tripping current strength drops from the yoke body via the field winding. In practice, the procedure according to the invention is preferably such that the holding magnet release is brought into the region of two mutually perpendicular magnetic fields and that the direction of the resulting magnetic field is rotated by preferably gradually changing the strength of the magnetic fields. This embodiment can be carried out with permanently mounted coils and is particularly suitable for automation because the direction of the resulting magnetic field can be rotated simply by changing the current in at least one partial coil. The adjustment in the resulting magnetic field of a cheese is also particularly advantageous because there are no spatial problems with the power supply lines to the holding magnet release.

Weitere Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung. Es zeigt

  • Figur 1 eine Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens in Seitenansicht und
  • Figur 2 die Anordnung aus Figur 1 in Draufsicht.
Further features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the drawing. It shows
  • Figure 1 shows an arrangement for performing the method in side view
  • Figure 2 shows the arrangement of Figure 1 in plan view.

Wie Figur 1 zeigt, wird ein Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter 1 mit einem Haltemagnetauslöser in den Innenraum einer aus zwei Teilspulen 2a, 2b bestehenden Kreuzspule gebracht. Im Haltemagnetauslöser befindet sich ein strichliert dargestellterPermanentmagnet 3. Sind beide Teilspulen 2a, 2b der Kreuzspule stromdurchflossen, entsteht bei entsprechendem Wickelsinn ein resultierendes Magnetfeld mit der Richtung A, bei umgepolter Teilspule 2a ein Magnetfeld in Richtung C.As FIG. 1 shows, a residual current circuit breaker 1 with a holding magnet release is brought into the interior of a cross-wound coil consisting of two partial coils 2a, 2b. In the holding magnet release there is a permanent magnet 3 shown in dashed lines. If both partial coils 2a, 2b of the cross-wound coil have current flowing through them, a corresponding magnetic field with direction A arises with a corresponding winding sense, with reversed partial coil 2a a magnetic field in direction C.

Ist nur die Teilspule 2b stromdurchflossen, kommt ein Magnetfeld mit Richtung B zustande.If only the partial coil 2b has current flowing through it, a magnetic field with direction B is created.

Durch ungleich hohe Ströme in den Teilspulen 2a und 2b können beliebige resultierende Magnetfelder in allen Richtungen zwischen A und C erzielt werden. Das Magnetfeld kann somit durch Ändern der Ströme in den Teilspulen 2a und 2b «gedreht» werden.Any resulting magnetic fields can be achieved in all directions between A and C by unequal currents in the partial coils 2a and 2b. The magnetic field can thus be “rotated” by changing the currents in the partial coils 2a and 2b.

Der Permanentmagnet 3 behält nach dem Abschalten des nur ganz kurz durch die Teilspulen 2a und 2b fliessenden Stromes das Magnetfeld in der gewünschten Richtung. Es wird daher der gleiche Effekt erreicht, als ob der einmal in einerbestimmten Richtung aufmagnetisierte Permanentmagnet entsprechend dem bekannten Justierverfahren körperlich gedreht worden wäre.The permanent magnet 3 retains the magnetic field in the desired direction after the current flowing through the partial coils 2a and 2b is only briefly switched off. The same effect is therefore achieved as if the permanent magnet which had been magnetized in a certain direction had been physically rotated in accordance with the known adjustment method.

Der Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter 1 kann durch eine nicht dargestellte Vorrichtung gehalten und eingeschaltet, sowie durch nicht dargestellte Kontakte in einen Auslösestromkreis geschaltet werden.The residual current circuit breaker 1 can be held and switched on by a device (not shown) and switched into a trip circuit by contacts (not shown).

Die Justierung des Auslösestromes des Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalters 1 erfolgt nur durch wiederholtes elektrisches Weiterdrehen des Kreuzspulen-Magnetfeldes, Einschalten des Schalters und Messen des Auslösestromes, bis der vorbestimmte Auslösestrom erreicht ist.The tripping current of the earth leakage circuit breaker 1 is adjusted only by repeated electrical turning of the cross-coil magnetic field, turning on the switch and measuring the tripping current until the predetermined tripping current is reached.

Dieser Justiervorgang kann ohne Schwierigkeiten durch eine prozessorgesteuerte Automatik ohne menschliches Zutun erfolgen.This adjustment process can be done without difficulty through a processor-controlled automatic system without human intervention.

Da der Fehlerstrom-Schutzschalter beim Justieren des Haltemagnetauslösers vollständig fertig zusammengebaut ist, kann unmittelbar nach dem Justiervorgang eine automatische Endprüfung, bestehend aus Durchgangs-, lsolations- und Prüfkreisprüfungen angeschlossen werden, was eine weitere Kostensenkung erlaubt.Since the residual current circuit breaker is completely assembled when the holding magnet release is adjusted, an automatic final test consisting of continuity, insulation and test circuit tests can be connected immediately after the adjustment process, which allows a further cost reduction.

Claims (4)

1. A method of adjusting holding magnet tripping devices, in particular for earth-leakage circuit breakers (1 characterised in that the holding magnet tripping device is arranged in a magnetic field the direction of which is rotated, preferably stepwise, until the magnetisation of the permanent magnet (3) and thereby the permanent flux through the tripping armature of the holding magnet tripping device is changed to such an extent that the tripping armature drops away from the yoke body when a tripping current of predetermined strength flows through the excitation coil.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the holding magnet tripping device is arranged in the region of two mutually perpendicular magnetic fields and that the direction of the resulting magnetic field is rotated by preferably stepwise variation of the strength of the magnetic fields.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a processor-controlled automatic means effects the stepwise further rotation of the direction of the magnetic field, resetting of the holding magnet tripping device and measurement of the tripping current of the holding magnetic tripping device until the desired tripping current strength is achieved.
4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the adjustment of the holding magnet tripping device is carried out in the fully assembled and completely closed earth-leakage circuit breaker.
EP84890015A 1983-01-20 1984-01-18 Method of adjusting a trip device with permanent magnet Expired EP0117250B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0018283A AT378442B (en) 1983-01-20 1983-01-20 METHOD FOR ADJUSTING THE HOLDING MAGNETIC TRIGGER
AT182/83 1983-01-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0117250A1 EP0117250A1 (en) 1984-08-29
EP0117250B1 true EP0117250B1 (en) 1986-08-06

Family

ID=3483672

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84890015A Expired EP0117250B1 (en) 1983-01-20 1984-01-18 Method of adjusting a trip device with permanent magnet

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0117250B1 (en)
AT (1) AT378442B (en)
AU (1) AU567123B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3460402D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8502570A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3887412D1 (en) * 1987-09-15 1994-03-10 Siemens Ag Method and device for adjusting holding magnet releases.
DE102016110979B4 (en) 2016-06-15 2020-08-13 Johnson Electric Germany GmbH & Co. KG Procedure for adjusting a magnetic release

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2245151A1 (en) * 1972-09-14 1974-03-21 Felten & Guilleaume Schaltanl ADJUSTABLE RELAY
DE2905275A1 (en) * 1979-02-12 1980-08-21 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk MAGNETIC SYSTEM FOR A TRIGGER, ESPECIALLY IN A FAULT CURRENT CIRCUIT BREAKER

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2362784A (en) 1984-07-26
ATA18283A (en) 1984-12-15
DE3460402D1 (en) 1986-09-11
AU567123B2 (en) 1987-11-12
ES529440A0 (en) 1985-01-01
ES8502570A1 (en) 1985-01-01
AT378442B (en) 1985-08-12
EP0117250A1 (en) 1984-08-29

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