EP0113598A1 - Fan blade axial locking device - Google Patents

Fan blade axial locking device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0113598A1
EP0113598A1 EP83402058A EP83402058A EP0113598A1 EP 0113598 A1 EP0113598 A1 EP 0113598A1 EP 83402058 A EP83402058 A EP 83402058A EP 83402058 A EP83402058 A EP 83402058A EP 0113598 A1 EP0113598 A1 EP 0113598A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
key
disc
foot
blade
axial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83402058A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0113598B1 (en
Inventor
Georges Kebedjis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
SNECMA SAS
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Application filed by Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA, SNECMA SAS filed Critical Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
Publication of EP0113598A1 publication Critical patent/EP0113598A1/en
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Publication of EP0113598B1 publication Critical patent/EP0113598B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/32—Locking, e.g. by final locking blades or keys
    • F01D5/326—Locking of axial insertion type blades by other means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
    • F05D2250/22—Three-dimensional parallelepipedal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an axial locking device for fan blades.
  • U.S. Patent 4,033,705 relates to a device in which the rotor disk has teeth at its periphery having radial grooves arranged one opposite the other and in which a locking member is engaged in the form of a dovetail against which abuts by an elastic element the foot of the blade, said locking member having lugs which are in abutment against an annular ring fixed on the upstream face of the disc.
  • the retaining plate is housed in a circumferential groove closed in the direction of the center and not in radial slots open in the direction of the center.
  • the retaining plate requires for its maintenance a second circumferential groove provided in a flange of the upstream face of the disc.
  • the introduction or removal of the retaining plate in the grooves is effected by deformation, which prohibits the use of a thick plate and having a resistance comparable to that which is desired according to the invention.
  • French patents 2,013,647 and 2,345,605 relate to a device in which the blade root carries a nose which is provided with radial slots corresponding to the grooves of the teeth and in which a U-shaped locking member is engaged.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to obtain a simple device allowing the separate disassembly and reassembly of each of the blades.
  • an axial locking device for fan blades comprising a dovetail foot capable of being engaged by axial sliding in corresponding cells of the rim of the disc, said foot bearing a heel abutting against the upstream face of the disc, the rim of the disc having at its periphery teeth projecting towards the front having radial grooves arranged opposite one another and in which is housed a means for axial locking of the blade root, characterized in that the locking member consists of a parallelepipedal key against which the blade root is supported, said key being locked radially towards the interior.
  • two adjacent keys are held radially by a cleat, the middle branch of which is fixed against the upstream face of the tooth and one transverse branch of which bears under a wing of the key extending in the axial direction the large upstream face of said key.
  • the parallelepipedal part of the key has, at at least one of its circumferential ends, a bore perpendicular to the face of the tooth in which it is engaged, said tooth itself comprising a bore corresponding to the bore of the key for the introduction into these bores of a means for fixing the key.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to obtain a simpler locking device than those existing, in particular as regards the holding of the key in the centrifugal direction.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a disc 1 of a fan rotor having a rim in which are formed cells 2 having in section the shape of a dovetail.
  • cells 2 having in section the shape of a dovetail.
  • the foot 3 carries a heel 5 which comes abut against the upstream face of the disc 1 and prevents the axial movement of the blade from upstream to downstream.
  • the rim of the disc 1 has at its periphery teeth 6, 6a arranged on either side of each cell 2 and projecting axially towards the front, said teeth being provided with radial grooves 7, 7a arranged facing one on the other and in which is housed an axial locking member of the foot 3 of the blade.
  • the locking member consists of a rectangular parallelepipedal key 8 against which the foot 3 of the blade comes into abutment.
  • the key 8 is locked radially inwards by a stopper 9, a middle branch 9a of which is fixed by means of a screw 10 against the upstream face of the tooth 6, 6a and of which a transverse branch 9b perpendicular to the branch 9a is resting under a wing 8a of the key extending in the axial direction the large upstream face of said key.
  • the wing 8a of the key and the branch 9b of the cleat 9 have a thinned portion 8b on the wing 8a and 9c on the branch 9b, in order to allow the superposition of the wing and the branch.
  • the cleat 9 thus ensures the radial retention of two keys 8 adjacent to each tooth, such as 6a.
  • the axial locking member of the foot 3 of the blade 4 consists of a rectangular parallelepipedal key 12 which is engaged, at its ends, in the two radial grooves 7, 7a of the teeth 6, 6a, the foot 3 of the blade coming to bear against the central part of the key 12.
  • the key 12 is locked radially at at least one of its circumferential ends by a stud screw 13 engaged in corresponding bores 14 and 15 provided in the tooth 6a and in the key 12.
  • the bore 15 of the key is perpendicular to the face of the tooth 6a in which said key is engaged.
  • the stud screw 13 is screwed into a tapped hole in the upstream face of the disc.

Abstract

Dispositif de verrouillage axial d'aubes de soufflante, l'aube comportant un pied en queue d'aronde susceptible d'être engagé par coulissement axial dans des alvéoles correspondants de la jante du disque. L'organe de verrouillage est constitué d'une clavette (8) de forme parallélépipédique, contre laquelle est en appui le pied (3) de l'aube, ladite clavette étant verrouillée radialement vers l'intérieur. L'invention est utilisée pour le verrouillage axial des aubes de turbomachine.Device for axially locking fan blades, the blade comprising a dovetail foot capable of being engaged by axial sliding in corresponding cells of the rim of the disc. The locking member consists of a key (8) of parallelepiped shape, against which the foot (3) of the blade rests, said key being locked radially inward. The invention is used for the axial locking of the turbomachine blades.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de verrouillage axial d'aubes de soufflante.The present invention relates to an axial locking device for fan blades.

Pour assurer le verrouillage axial d'aubes sur un disque de rotor d'une turbine à gaz, on connait différents dispositifs.To ensure the axial locking of blades on a rotor disc of a gas turbine, various devices are known.

Le brevet des Etats-Unis d'Amérique 4 033 705 concerne un dispositif dans lequel le disque du rotor comporte à sa périphérie des dents présentant des gorges radiales disposées l'une en face de l'autre et dans lesquelles est engagé un organe de verrouillage en forme de queue d'aronde contre lequel vient en appui par un élément élastique le pied de l'aube, ledit organe de verrouillage présentant des pattes qui sont en appui contre une bague annulaire fixée sur la face amont du disque.U.S. Patent 4,033,705 relates to a device in which the rotor disk has teeth at its periphery having radial grooves arranged one opposite the other and in which a locking member is engaged in the form of a dovetail against which abuts by an elastic element the foot of the blade, said locking member having lugs which are in abutment against an annular ring fixed on the upstream face of the disc.

Or, un tel dispositif présente une certaine complexité qui entraîne un coût de fabrication élevé des pièces qui le composent.However, such a device has a certain complexity which results in a high manufacturing cost of the parts which compose it.

D'autre part, le démontage rapide et local d'une seule aube est ici impossible, car il oblige à retirer tous les boulons de fixation des brides de la bague annulaire.On the other hand, rapid and local disassembly of a single blade is impossible here, because it requires removing all the fixing bolts from the flanges of the annular ring.

On connaît également le brevet des Etats-Unis d'Amérique 3 656 865 qui concerne un dispositif de verrouillage d'aubes comportant des plaques de retenue logées dans une rainure des dents du disque ; un talon du pied d'aube empêche le mouvement axial d'amont en aval.Also known is the patent of the United States of America 3,656,865 which relates to a blade locking device comprising retaining plates housed in a groove in the teeth of the disc; a heel of the blade root prevents axial movement from upstream to downstream.

Toutefois, dans ce dispositif, la plaque de retenue est logée dans une rainure circonférentielle fermée en direction du centre et non pas dans des fentes radiales ouvertes en direction du centre.However, in this device, the retaining plate is housed in a circumferential groove closed in the direction of the center and not in radial slots open in the direction of the center.

D'autre part, la plaque de retenue nécessite pour son maintien une deuxième rainure circonférentielle prévue dans une collerette de la face amont du disque.On the other hand, the retaining plate requires for its maintenance a second circumferential groove provided in a flange of the upstream face of the disc.

L'introduction ou le retrait de la plaque de retenue dans les rainures s'effectue par déformation, ce qui interdit l'emploi d'une plaque épaisse et présentant une résistance comparable à celle qui est souhaitée suivant l'invention.The introduction or removal of the retaining plate in the grooves is effected by deformation, which prohibits the use of a thick plate and having a resistance comparable to that which is desired according to the invention.

Les brevets français 2 013 647 et 2 345 605 concernent un dispositif dans lequel le pied d'aube porte un nez qui est muni de fentes radiales correspondant aux rainures des dents et dans lesquelles est engagé un organe de verrouillage en forme de U.French patents 2,013,647 and 2,345,605 relate to a device in which the blade root carries a nose which is provided with radial slots corresponding to the grooves of the teeth and in which a U-shaped locking member is engaged.

Le verrouillage n'est donc pas obtenu par simple appui contre le pied de l'aube.Locking is therefore not obtained by simple pressing against the foot of the blade.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et d'obtenir un dispositif simple permettant le démontage et le remontage séparés de chacune des aubes.The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to obtain a simple device allowing the separate disassembly and reassembly of each of the blades.

Conformément à la présente invention, on utilise un dispositif de verrouillage axial d'aubes de soufflante, l'aube comportant un pied en queue d'aronde susceptible d'être engagé par coulissement axial dans des alvéoles correspondantes de la jante du disque, ledit pied portant un talon venant en butée contre la face amont du disque, la jante du disque comportant à sa périphérie des dents en saillie vers l'avant présentant des saignées radiales disposées en regard l'une de l'autre et dans lesquelles est logé un moyen de verrouillage axial du pied de l'aube, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de verrouillage est constitué d'une clavette de forme parallélépipédique contre laquelle est en appui le pied de l'aube, ladite clavette étant verrouillée radialement vers l'intérieur.According to the present invention, an axial locking device for fan blades is used, the blade comprising a dovetail foot capable of being engaged by axial sliding in corresponding cells of the rim of the disc, said foot bearing a heel abutting against the upstream face of the disc, the rim of the disc having at its periphery teeth projecting towards the front having radial grooves arranged opposite one another and in which is housed a means for axial locking of the blade root, characterized in that the locking member consists of a parallelepipedal key against which the blade root is supported, said key being locked radially towards the interior.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, deux clavettes voisines sont maintenues radialement par un taquet dont la branche médiane est fixée contre la face amont de la dent et dont une branche transversale est en appui sous une aile de la clavette prolongeant en direction axiale la grande face amont de ladite clavette.According to another characteristic of the invention, two adjacent keys are held radially by a cleat, the middle branch of which is fixed against the upstream face of the tooth and one transverse branch of which bears under a wing of the key extending in the axial direction the large upstream face of said key.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la partie parallélépipédique de la clavette comporte, à au moins l'une de ses extrémités circonférentielles, un alésage perpendiculaire à la face de la dent dans laquelle elle est engagée, ladite dent comportant elle-même un alésage correspondant à l'alésage de la clavette pour l'introduction dans ces alésages d'un moyen de fixation de la clavette.According to another characteristic of the invention, the parallelepipedal part of the key has, at at least one of its circumferential ends, a bore perpendicular to the face of the tooth in which it is engaged, said tooth itself comprising a bore corresponding to the bore of the key for the introduction into these bores of a means for fixing the key.

Cette disposition permet d'obtenir un dispositif de verrouillage plus simple que ceux existants, notamment en ce qui concerne le maintien de la clavette dans le sens centrifuge.This arrangement makes it possible to obtain a simpler locking device than those existing, in particular as regards the holding of the key in the centrifugal direction.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront mieux compris à la lecture de la description qui va suivre de plusieurs modes de réalisation et en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'un mode de réalisation du dispositif de verrouillage axial d'aubes suivant l'invention ;
  • - la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un autre mode de réalisation du dispositif de verrouillage axial d'aubes.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better understood on reading the following description of several embodiments and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • - Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the axial locking device of blades according to the invention;
  • - Figure 2 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the axial blade locking device.

A la figure 1, on a représenté un disque 1 d'un rotor de soufflante présentant une jante dans laquelle sont ménagés des alvéoles 2 présentant en section la forme de queue d'aronde. Dans chacun des alvéoles 2 est engagé par coulissement axial un pied 3 d'une aube 4 de soufflante et qui présente une section en forme de queue d'aronde correspondant à celle de l'alvéole 2. Le pied 3 porte un talon 5 qui vient buter contre la face amont du disque 1 et empêche le mouvement axial de l'aube de l'amont vers l'aval.In Figure 1, there is shown a disc 1 of a fan rotor having a rim in which are formed cells 2 having in section the shape of a dovetail. In each of the cells 2 is engaged by axial sliding a foot 3 of a fan blade 4 and which has a dovetail-shaped section corresponding to that of the cell 2. The foot 3 carries a heel 5 which comes abut against the upstream face of the disc 1 and prevents the axial movement of the blade from upstream to downstream.

La jante du disque 1 comporte à sa périphérie des dents 6, 6a disposées de part et d'autre de chaque alvéole 2 et en saillie axiale vers l'avant, lesdites dents étant munies de saignées radiales 7, 7a disposées en regard l'une de l'autre et dans lesquelles est logé un organe de verrouillage axial du pied 3 de l'aube. L'organe de verrouillage est constitué d'une clavette 8 parallélépipédique rectangle contre laquelle vient en butée le pied 3 de l'aube.The rim of the disc 1 has at its periphery teeth 6, 6a arranged on either side of each cell 2 and projecting axially towards the front, said teeth being provided with radial grooves 7, 7a arranged facing one on the other and in which is housed an axial locking member of the foot 3 of the blade. The locking member consists of a rectangular parallelepipedal key 8 against which the foot 3 of the blade comes into abutment.

La clavette 8 est verrouillée radialement vers l'intérieur par un taquet 9 dont une branche médiane 9a est fixée au moyen d'une vis 10 contre la face amont de la dent 6, 6a et dont une branche transversale 9b perpendiculaire à la branche 9a est en appui sous une aile 8a de la clavette prolongeant en direction axiale la grande face amont de ladite clavette.The key 8 is locked radially inwards by a stopper 9, a middle branch 9a of which is fixed by means of a screw 10 against the upstream face of the tooth 6, 6a and of which a transverse branch 9b perpendicular to the branch 9a is resting under a wing 8a of the key extending in the axial direction the large upstream face of said key.

L'aile 8a de la clavette et la branche 9b du taquet 9 présentent une partie amincie 8b sur l'aile 8a et 9c sur la branche 9b, afin de permettre la superposition de l'aile et de la branche. Le taquet 9 assure ainsi le maintien radial de deux clavettes 8 voisines de chaque dent, telle que 6a.The wing 8a of the key and the branch 9b of the cleat 9 have a thinned portion 8b on the wing 8a and 9c on the branch 9b, in order to allow the superposition of the wing and the branch. The cleat 9 thus ensures the radial retention of two keys 8 adjacent to each tooth, such as 6a.

Suivant un autre mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 2, l'organe de verrouillage axial du pied 3 de l'aube 4 est constitué d'une clavette 12 parallélépipédique rectangle qui est engagée, à ses extrémités, dans les deux saignées radiales 7, 7a des dents 6, 6a, le pied 3 de l'aube venant en appui contre la partie médiane de la clavette 12.According to another embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the axial locking member of the foot 3 of the blade 4 consists of a rectangular parallelepipedal key 12 which is engaged, at its ends, in the two radial grooves 7, 7a of the teeth 6, 6a, the foot 3 of the blade coming to bear against the central part of the key 12.

La clavette 12 est verrouillée radialement à au moins l'une de ses extrémités circonférentielles par une vis à téton 13 engagée dans des alésages correspondants 14 et 15 prévus dans la dent 6a et dans la clavette 12.The key 12 is locked radially at at least one of its circumferential ends by a stud screw 13 engaged in corresponding bores 14 and 15 provided in the tooth 6a and in the key 12.

L'alésage 15 de la clavette est perpendiculaire à la face de la dent 6a dans laquelle est engagée ladite clavette.The bore 15 of the key is perpendicular to the face of the tooth 6a in which said key is engaged.

La vis à téton 13 est vissée dans un trou taraudé ménagé dans la face amont du disque.The stud screw 13 is screwed into a tapped hole in the upstream face of the disc.

Bien entendu, la description ci-dessus n'est pas limitative et l'homme de l'art pourra y apporter des modifications sans sortir pour cela du domaine de l'invention.Of course, the above description is not limiting and those skilled in the art may make modifications to it without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. Dispositif de verrouillage axial d'aubes de soufflante, l'aube comportant un pied en queue d'aronde susceptible d'être engagé par coulissement axial dans des alvéoles correspondantes de la jante du disque, ledit pied portant un talon venant en butée contre la face amont du disque, la jante du disque comportant à sa périphérie des dents en saillie vers l'avant présentant des saignées radiales disposées en regard l'une de l'autre et dans lesquelles est logé un moyen de verrouillage axial du pied de l'aube, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de verrouillage est constitué d'une clavette (8) de forme parallélépipédique contre laquelle est en appui le pied (3) de l'aube, ladite clavette (8) étant verrouillée radialement vers l'intérieur.1. Axial locking device of fan blades, the blade comprising a dovetail foot capable of being engaged by axial sliding in corresponding cells of the rim of the disc, said foot carrying a heel abutting against the upstream face of the disc, the rim of the disc having at its periphery teeth projecting towards the front having radial grooves arranged opposite one another and in which is housed an axial locking means of the foot of the 'blade, characterized in that the locking member consists of a key (8) of parallelepiped shape against which the foot (3) of the blade rests, said key (8) being locked radially towards the interior. 2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que deux clavettes voisines (8) sont maintenues radialement par un taquet (9) dont la branche médiane (9a) est fixée contre la face amont de la dent (6, 6a) et dont une branche transversale (9c) est en appui sous une aile (8b) de la clavette (8) prolongeant en direction axiale la grande face amont de ladite clavette.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that two adjacent keys (8) are held radially by a cleat (9), the middle branch (9a) of which is fixed against the upstream face of the tooth (6, 6a) and of which a transverse branch (9c) is supported under a wing (8b) of the key (8) extending in axial direction the large upstream face of said key. 3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie parallélépipédique de la clavette (12) comporte, à au moins l'une de ses extrémités circonférentielles, un alésage (15) perpendiculaire à la face de la dent (6a) dans laquelle elle est engagée, ladite dent (6a) comportant elle-même un alésage (14) correspondant à l'alésage de la clavette pour l'introduction dans ces alésages d'un moyen de fixation (13) de la clavette.3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the parallelepipedal part of the key (12) comprises, at at least one of its circumferential ends, a bore (15) perpendicular to the face of the tooth (6a) in which it is engaged, said tooth (6a) itself comprising a bore (14) corresponding to the bore of the key for the introduction into these bores of a fixing means (13) of the key. 4. Dispositif suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de fixation est constitué par une vis à téton (13) traversant la clavette (12) et vissée dans un trou taraudé dans la face amont du disque (1).4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the fixing means consists of a screw stud (13) passing through the key (12) and screwed into a tapped hole in the upstream face of the disc (1).
EP83402058A 1982-11-08 1983-10-24 Fan blade axial locking device Expired EP0113598B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8218652A FR2535793B1 (en) 1982-11-08 1982-11-08 AXIAL LOCKING DEVICE FOR BLOWER BLADES
FR8218652 1982-11-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0113598A1 true EP0113598A1 (en) 1984-07-18
EP0113598B1 EP0113598B1 (en) 1987-04-22

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EP83402058A Expired EP0113598B1 (en) 1982-11-08 1983-10-24 Fan blade axial locking device

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US (1) US4502841A (en)
EP (1) EP0113598B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59101598A (en)
DE (1) DE3371106D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2535793B1 (en)

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US8016561B2 (en) 2006-07-11 2011-09-13 General Electric Company Gas turbine engine fan assembly and method for assembling to same
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US8894370B2 (en) * 2008-04-04 2014-11-25 General Electric Company Turbine blade retention system and method
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FR2945329B1 (en) * 2009-05-06 2011-06-03 Snecma BLOWER ROTOR OF AN AIRCRAFT TURBORACTOR
US8439635B2 (en) * 2009-05-11 2013-05-14 Rolls-Royce Corporation Apparatus and method for locking a composite component
JP5561461B2 (en) * 2009-06-09 2014-07-30 株式会社Ｉｈｉ Rotor blade holding structure
US10352209B2 (en) 2015-11-25 2019-07-16 Solberg Mfg., Inc. Pressure regulator assemblies
US10371163B2 (en) * 2016-02-02 2019-08-06 General Electric Company Load absorption systems and methods
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KR101919228B1 (en) * 2017-03-16 2018-11-15 두산중공업 주식회사 Apparatus for axial locking of bucket and bucket assembly and gas turbine having the same
IT201900014724A1 (en) * 2019-08-13 2021-02-13 Ge Avio Srl Elements for retaining blades for turbomachinery.
FR3139360A1 (en) * 2022-09-02 2024-03-08 Safran Aircraft Engines MOBILE WHEEL FOR TURBOMACHINE COMPRISING AXIALLY LOCKED VANES
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US5624233A (en) * 1995-04-12 1997-04-29 Rolls-Royce Plc Gas turbine engine rotary disc
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4502841A (en) 1985-03-05
FR2535793B1 (en) 1987-04-10
EP0113598B1 (en) 1987-04-22
FR2535793A1 (en) 1984-05-11
DE3371106D1 (en) 1987-05-27
JPS6367040B2 (en) 1988-12-22
JPS59101598A (en) 1984-06-12

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