EP0091865B1 - Device for the axial retention of blade roots in a turbine wheel - Google Patents

Device for the axial retention of blade roots in a turbine wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0091865B1
EP0091865B1 EP83400696A EP83400696A EP0091865B1 EP 0091865 B1 EP0091865 B1 EP 0091865B1 EP 83400696 A EP83400696 A EP 83400696A EP 83400696 A EP83400696 A EP 83400696A EP 0091865 B1 EP0091865 B1 EP 0091865B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
disc
locking means
cover
arrangement according
blade
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP83400696A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0091865A1 (en
Inventor
Marcel Louis Antoine Rigo
Gilbert Sourdeval
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
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Publication of EP0091865A1 publication Critical patent/EP0091865A1/en
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Publication of EP0091865B1 publication Critical patent/EP0091865B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3007—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type
    • F01D5/3015—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type with side plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for axially retaining blade roots in a turbomachine rotor disk, for example a compressor disk, to which a front stud is capable of being fixed, the blade roots being retained radially in axial grooves provided in the rim of the disc, the feet carrying a projecting part relative to the upstream face of the disc directed radially towards the center of the disc, the disc having on its upstream face a rim carrying a circumferential groove open radially towards the exterior receiving at least part of the axial locking means of the blade roots.
  • French patent 2,028,539 describes a blade blocking and sealing system for cooling the blade roots.
  • the rotor disc carries at its periphery axial grooves in which the blade roots are retained.
  • a rim of diameter smaller than that determined by the bottoms of the grooves is provided on the upstream face of the disc and has a circumferential groove directed radially outwards.
  • the blade roots are provided at their upper part with a spoiler in which is provided a transverse groove whose opening is directed towards the center of the disc.
  • Plates are engaged radially in the circumferential groove of the disc and in the groove of the blade roots and are temporarily held by clamps. When all the plates are placed, they are positioned by circumferential displacement in front of threaded orifices, provided in the edge of the groove, which receive bolts intended to immobilize the plates. Each plate holds several blade feet and forms with them an annular channel in which the coolant circulates.
  • French patent 2090 105 presents a system having functions similar to the previous one.
  • the rotor disc carries on its downstream face a rim whose circumferential groove opens radially outwards.
  • the blade roots carry at their lower part a shoulder which presses against the branches of L-shaped sealing segments housed in the groove.
  • Locking segments are placed inside the L-shaped segments.
  • a locking screw is fixed in the edge of the groove and keeps the segments and the locking segments in position.
  • Clamping screws, cooperating with threads provided in the locking segments act on the sealing segments.
  • the device according to the invention aims to provide an axial retaining device for the feet of the blade comprising a limited number of elements held by the means carried at least in part by the front cover. .
  • Figure 1 shows an axial section of part of a rotor.
  • the rim of the rotor disc 1 carries axial grooves in which the feet 2 of the blades 3 are retained radially.
  • a front cover 4 is fixed on the upstream face of the disc in the extension of the platforms 5 of the blade.
  • the blade roots bear on their upstream end, a part 6 or spoiler, projecting with respect to the face of the disc and directed radially towards its center.
  • the purpose of this spoiler is to directly or indirectly prevent the axial movement of the blade.
  • the spoiler 6 extends over the height of the foot and its lower end is at the same radius as the lower part of the blade root or at a slightly larger radius.
  • This spoiler has in a radial plane a transverse groove 7 whose downstream edge is in the plane of the face 8 of the disc when dawn is in place. This spoiler shape allows the blade to be put in place by the downstream or upstream face of the disc.
  • the spoiler 9 extends below the plane of the lower part of the foot and engages against the upstream face 8 of the disc preventing axial movement of the blade from upstream to downstream.
  • the upstream face 8 of the disc (FIG. 1) has a rim 10 in which is provided a circumferential groove 11 open radially towards the outside receiving at least part of the means of axial locking of the blade roots.
  • the front cover 4 carries an internally fixed element in the form of a cylindrical shell 12 at the free end of which is provided at least one other part of the locking means cooperating directly or indirectly with the spoilers 6 of the blade roots .
  • the part of the locking means cooperating with the groove 11 consists of at least two ring portions 13, 14.
  • the length of annular segment formed by the ring portions placed end to end is less than at least one width axial groove with respect to the circumference length of a complete ring.
  • the opening thus obtained, between the ends of the portions or ring segments 13, 14 when the other ends or the ends of the intermediate segments are in contact, can, by circumferential sliding of the assembly, be brought before any axial groove whose blade is to be changed.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show a particular embodiment of the ring segments 13 and 14 in the form of cylindrical ring portions limited by two radial flanges.
  • the section affects the appearance of a U with unequal branches whose width corresponds to that of the circumferential groove 11.
  • the bottom of the groove has a bearing 16, circular on which the cylindrical inner wall 17 rests ring portions.
  • the longest branch of the U-shaped section corresponds to the widest flange 18. Its dimensions are approximately equal to the depth and width of the groove 7 formed in the spoiler 6, so that it can be placed between the face upstream 8 of the disc and in the groove 7 of the spoiler.
  • the shortest branch corresponds to the narrower flange 19 and its height is at most equal to the depth of the circumferential groove 11 limited to the surface of the bearing surface 16.
  • the locking means carried by the cover 4 are formed by the cylindrical shell 12, coaxial with the rotor disc, the free edge 20 of which carries two fingers 21 arranged diametrically. Preferably, these fingers have the same width, approximately equal to half a width of the axial groove.
  • the height of the fingers 21 is such that each comes to be placed between the edges of the segments 13, 14, and more precisely between the edges of the flanges 18 of two segments neighbors. In this position, the segments 13 and 14 leave at each end a clearance 15 (see fig. 3) equal (or slightly greater) to half the peripheral length of the blade root.
  • Figure 3 shows in section along III-III of Figure 1 a finger 21 in place between the segments 13, 14 circumferentially locking them.
  • the coaxial ferrule can be replaced by an inner radial flange as indicated, for example, at 27 and 34 in FIGS. 5 and 7.
  • Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the ends of the segments 13, 14, having in their upper edge a rectangular notch 23.
  • the dimensions of this notch are such that, when the two segments 13, 14 are brought end to end in the circumferential groove 11, the notches of the two nonadjacent ends completely disengage the lower part of the axial radial retaining groove of a blade, or at least allow the passage of the spoiler 6.
  • This embodiment allows, between the ends of the lower edge segments 13, 14, an opening 15 of width half with respect to straight edges with the result that the segments are better held in the groove.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 Another embodiment of the segments 13, 14 is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the segments form a roughly closed ring.
  • the widest collar 18 is cut so as to have teeth 24 on its outer edge.
  • the distance between two neighboring teeth corresponds to the distance between two axial grooves.
  • the teeth 24 are brought either into the groove 7 of the spoilers 6, or in front of the teeth 25 of the rotor rim.
  • These positions allow respectively to lock or unlock all the blades.
  • they are provided with positioning means formed by bosses or pins 26 which cooperate with part of the locking means carried by the cover 4 and, more particularly, by a ferrule. coaxial or a radial flange 27 provided in the cover, and whose free edge has housings or notches 28 in which the bosses or the pins are placed. Attaching the cover to the rotor disc locks the segments in the circumferential direction.
  • the locking of the segments can also be obtained as in the example of FIG. 1 by fingers, carried by the cover, coming to be placed between two or more teeth of the segments or in housings provided in the narrower flange 19.
  • a third embodiment, shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, is more particularly suited to blades whose protruding part of the foot or spoiler 29 so extends radially towards the center below the plane of the lower part of the blade root.
  • This arrangement prevents the axial placement of the blade, from upstream to downstream in the groove by pressing the downstream face of the spoiler against the upstream face 8 of the rotor disc and authorizes disassembly of the blade only upstream.
  • teeth 32 are formed in the upstream edge 30 of the circumferential groove 11 and opposite the axial grooves.
  • the other part of the locking means carried by the cover also consists of teeth 33 of dimensions and shape such that they can pass through the indentations 31 of the edge of the groove 11 and be placed between the teeth 32 of said edge and the upstream face of the blade spoilers 29.
  • the teeth 33 are formed in the free edge of a cylindrical shell or of a radial flange 34 provided in the cover.
  • the locking or unlocking of the blades is obtained during the fitting of the cover by rotation of the latter by a half-step corresponding to the distance between an axial groove and the adjacent tooth of the rotor disc.
  • the teeth 32 form intermediate flange elements, which take up the forces without having thicknesses which are too penalizing for the mass.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif de retenue axiale de pieds d'aube dans un disque de rotor de turbomachine, par exemple un disque de compresseur, sur lequel est susceptible d'être fixé un cabot avant, les pieds d'aube étant retenus radialement dans des rainures axiales prévues dans la jante du disque, les pieds portant une partie saillante par rapport à la face amont du disque dirigée radialement vers le centre du disque, le disque présentant sur sa face amont un rebord portant une gorge circonférentielle ouverte radialement vers l'exterieur recevant au moins und partie des moyens de verrouillage axial des pieds d'aube.The invention relates to a device for axially retaining blade roots in a turbomachine rotor disk, for example a compressor disk, to which a front stud is capable of being fixed, the blade roots being retained radially in axial grooves provided in the rim of the disc, the feet carrying a projecting part relative to the upstream face of the disc directed radially towards the center of the disc, the disc having on its upstream face a rim carrying a circumferential groove open radially towards the exterior receiving at least part of the axial locking means of the blade roots.

De nombreuses solutions ont été proposées pour retenir axialement les aubes sur les rotors et pour permettre le démontage et le remontage unitaire d'aubes endommagées sans nécessiter une intervention complexe et longue sur l'ensemble du rotor.Numerous solutions have been proposed for axially retaining the blades on the rotors and for allowing the disassembly and unitary reassembly of damaged blades without requiring a complex and long intervention on the whole of the rotor.

C'est ainsi que le brevet français 2 028 539 décrit un système de blocage d'aubes et d'étanchéité permettant le refroidissement des pieds d'aube. Le disque de rotor porte à sa périphérie des rainures axiales dans lesquelles sont retenus les pieds d'aube.Thus, French patent 2,028,539 describes a blade blocking and sealing system for cooling the blade roots. The rotor disc carries at its periphery axial grooves in which the blade roots are retained.

Un rebord de diamètre inférieur à celui déterminé par les fonds des rainures est prévu sur la face amont du disque et comporte une gorge circonférentielle dirigée radialement vers l'extérieur. Les pieds d'aube sont munis à leur partie supérieure d'un becquet dans lequel est prévue une rainure transversale dont l'ouverture est dirigée vers le centre du disque. Des plaques sont engagées radialement dans la gorge circonférentielle du disque et dans la rainure des pieds d'aube et sont maintenues provisoirement par des pinces. Lorsque toutes les plaques sont placées, on les positionne par déplacement circonférentiel devant des orifices taraudés, prévus dans le rebord de la gorge, que reçoivent des boulons destinés à immobiliser les plaques. Chaque plaque maintient plusieurs pieds d'aube et forme avec eux un canal annulaire dans lequel circule le fluide de refroidissement. Pour démonter une aube, on retire le boulon de fixation de la plaque correspondante et on bascule celle-ci vers l'avant pour l'extraire de la gorge, le pied d'aube peut alors glisser axialement vers l'amont dans sa rainure pour se dégager et permettre l'extraction de l'aube.A rim of diameter smaller than that determined by the bottoms of the grooves is provided on the upstream face of the disc and has a circumferential groove directed radially outwards. The blade roots are provided at their upper part with a spoiler in which is provided a transverse groove whose opening is directed towards the center of the disc. Plates are engaged radially in the circumferential groove of the disc and in the groove of the blade roots and are temporarily held by clamps. When all the plates are placed, they are positioned by circumferential displacement in front of threaded orifices, provided in the edge of the groove, which receive bolts intended to immobilize the plates. Each plate holds several blade feet and forms with them an annular channel in which the coolant circulates. To disassemble a blade, remove the fixing bolt from the corresponding plate and rock it forward to extract it from the groove, the blade root can then slide axially upstream in its groove to clear and allow the extraction of dawn.

Le brevet français 2090 105 présente un système ayant des fonctions semblables au précédent. Le disque de rotor porte sur sa face aval un rebord dont la gorge circonférentielle s'ouvre radialement vers l'extérieur. Les pieds d'aube portent à leur partie inférieure un épaulement que appuie contre les branches de segments d'étanchéité en L logées dans la gorge. Des segments de blocage sont placés à l'interieur des segments en L. Une vis de blocage est fixée dans le rebord de la gorge et maintient en position les segments en et les segments de blocage. Des vis de serrage, coopérant avec des filetages prévus dans les segments de blocage, permettent d'agir sur les segments d'étanchéité. Le bord de la gorge est crénelé pour permettre l'accès aux vis de serrage. Le démontage d'une aube déterminée n'est possible qu'après exctraction du segment de blocage et d'étanchéité correspondant. Le but principal de ce dispositif n'est pas de simplifier les opérations de changement d'aubes, mais bien plutôt d'assurer l'étanchéité du circuit de refroidissement.French patent 2090 105 presents a system having functions similar to the previous one. The rotor disc carries on its downstream face a rim whose circumferential groove opens radially outwards. The blade roots carry at their lower part a shoulder which presses against the branches of L-shaped sealing segments housed in the groove. Locking segments are placed inside the L-shaped segments. A locking screw is fixed in the edge of the groove and keeps the segments and the locking segments in position. Clamping screws, cooperating with threads provided in the locking segments, act on the sealing segments. The edge of the groove is crenellated to allow access to the clamping screws. Dismantling of a specific blade is only possible after extraction of the corresponding blocking and sealing segment. The main purpose of this device is not to simplify the blade change operations, but rather to seal the cooling circuit.

Le dispositif, selon l'invention, telle qu'elle est caractérisée dans les revendications vise à fournir un dispositif de retenue axiale des pieds d'aube comportant un nombre restreint d'éléments maintenus par les moyens portés au moins en partie par le capot avant.The device according to the invention, as characterized in the claims, aims to provide an axial retaining device for the feet of the blade comprising a limited number of elements held by the means carried at least in part by the front cover. .

Les explications et figures données ci-après à titre d'exemples permettront de comprendre comment l'invention peut être réalisée.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en coupe axiale d'une partie de rotor comportant une première forme de réalisation du dispositif de retenue selon l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue selon II-II de la figure 1.
  • La figure 3 est une vue selon III-III de la figure 1.
  • La figure 4 est une vue semblable à celle de la figure 3 d'une autre forme de réalisation des demi-anneaux.
  • La figure 5 est une vue en coupe axiale d'une partie de rotor comportant une deuxième forme de réalisation du dispositif de retenue.
  • La figure 6 est une vue selon VI-VI de la figure 5.
  • La figure 7 est une vue en coupe axiale d'une partie de rotor comprenant une troisième forme de réalisation du dispositif de retenue.
  • La figure 8 est une vue selon VIII-VIII de la figure 7.
  • La figure 9 est une vue selon IX-IX de la figure 7.
The explanations and figures given below by way of examples will make it possible to understand how the invention can be implemented.
  • Figure 1 is an axial sectional view of a rotor part comprising a first embodiment of the retaining device according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a view along II-II of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a view along III-III of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to that of Figure 3 of another embodiment of the half-rings.
  • Figure 5 is an axial sectional view of a rotor part comprising a second embodiment of the retaining device.
  • FIG. 6 is a view along VI-VI of FIG. 5.
  • Figure 7 is an axial sectional view of a rotor portion comprising a third embodiment of the retainer.
  • FIG. 8 is a view along VIII-VIII of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a view along IX-IX of FIG. 7.

La figure 1 représente une coupe axiale d'une partie d'un rotor.Figure 1 shows an axial section of part of a rotor.

La jante du disque de rotor 1 porte des rainures axiales dans lesquelles sont retenues radialement les pieds 2 des aubes 3.The rim of the rotor disc 1 carries axial grooves in which the feet 2 of the blades 3 are retained radially.

Un capot avant 4 est fixé sur la face amont du disque dans le prolongement des plateformes 5 d'aube.A front cover 4 is fixed on the upstream face of the disc in the extension of the platforms 5 of the blade.

Les pieds d'aube portent sur leur extrémité amont, une partie 6 ou becquet, saillante par rapport à la face du disque et dirigée radialement vers son centre. Ce becquet a pour but d'empêcher directement ou indirectement le mouvement axial de l'aube.The blade roots bear on their upstream end, a part 6 or spoiler, projecting with respect to the face of the disc and directed radially towards its center. The purpose of this spoiler is to directly or indirectly prevent the axial movement of the blade.

Selon l'exemple représenté figures 1 et 5, le becquet 6 s'étend sur la hauteur du pied et son extrémité inférieure est au même rayon que la partie inférieure du pied d'aube ou à un rayon légèrement plus grand. Ce becquet présente dans un plan radial une rainure transversale 7 dont le bord aval est dans le plan de la face 8 du disque lorsque l'aube est en place. Cette forme de becquet permet la mise en place de l'aube par la face aval ou amont du disque.According to the example shown in Figures 1 and 5, the spoiler 6 extends over the height of the foot and its lower end is at the same radius as the lower part of the blade root or at a slightly larger radius. This spoiler has in a radial plane a transverse groove 7 whose downstream edge is in the plane of the face 8 of the disc when dawn is in place. This spoiler shape allows the blade to be put in place by the downstream or upstream face of the disc.

Dans l'exemple représenté figure 7, le becquet 9 se prolonge au-dessous du plan de la partie inférieure du pied et vient s'engager contre la face amont 8 du disque en empêchant le déplacement axial de l'aube de l'amont vers l'aval.In the example shown in Figure 7, the spoiler 9 extends below the plane of the lower part of the foot and engages against the upstream face 8 of the disc preventing axial movement of the blade from upstream to downstream.

La face amont 8 du disque (Fig. 1) présente un rebord 10 dans lequel est prévue une gorge circonférentielle 11 ouverte radialement vers l'extérieur recevant au moins une partie des moyens de verrouillage axial des pieds d'aube.The upstream face 8 of the disc (FIG. 1) has a rim 10 in which is provided a circumferential groove 11 open radially towards the outside receiving at least part of the means of axial locking of the blade roots.

Le capot avant 4 porte un élément fixé intérieurement se présentant sous forme d'une virole cylindrique 12 à l'extrémité libre de laquelle est prévue au moins une autre partie des moyens de verrouillage coopérant directement ou indirectement avec les becquets 6 des pieds d'aube.The front cover 4 carries an internally fixed element in the form of a cylindrical shell 12 at the free end of which is provided at least one other part of the locking means cooperating directly or indirectly with the spoilers 6 of the blade roots .

La partie des moyens de verrouillage coopérant avec la gorge 11 est constituée d'au moins deux portions d'anneau 13, 14. La longueur de segment annulaire formé par les portions d'anneau mis bout à bout est inférieure d'au moins une largeur de rainure axiale par rapport à la longueur de circonférence d'un anneau complet.The part of the locking means cooperating with the groove 11 consists of at least two ring portions 13, 14. The length of annular segment formed by the ring portions placed end to end is less than at least one width axial groove with respect to the circumference length of a complete ring.

L'ouverture ainsi obtenue, entre les extrémités des portions ou segments d'anneau 13, 14 lorsque les autres extrémités ou les entrémités des segments intermédiaires sont en contact, peut, par coulissement circonférentiel de l'ensemble, être amenée devant n'importe quelle rainure axiale dont l'aube est à changer.The opening thus obtained, between the ends of the portions or ring segments 13, 14 when the other ends or the ends of the intermediate segments are in contact, can, by circumferential sliding of the assembly, be brought before any axial groove whose blade is to be changed.

Les figures 1 à 3 montrent une réalisation particulière des segments d'anneau 13 et 14 se présentant sous la forme de portions de bague cylindrique limitée par deux collerettes radiales. La section affecte l'aspect d'un U à branches inégales dont la largeur correspond à celle de la gorge circonférentielle 11. Afin de faciliter le coulissement, le fond de la gorge comporte une portée 16, circulaire sur laquelle repose la paroi intérieure cylindrique 17 des portions de bague. La branche la plus longue de la section en U correspond à la collerette la plus large 18. Ses dimensions sont approximativement égales à la profondeur et à la largeur de la rainure 7 formée dans le becquet 6, de manière à pouvoir se placer entre la face amont 8 du disque et dans la rainure 7 du becquet. La branche la plus courte correpond à la collerette la moins large 19 et sa hauteur est au plus égale à la profondeur de la gorge circonférentielle 11 limitée à la surface de la portée 16.Figures 1 to 3 show a particular embodiment of the ring segments 13 and 14 in the form of cylindrical ring portions limited by two radial flanges. The section affects the appearance of a U with unequal branches whose width corresponds to that of the circumferential groove 11. In order to facilitate the sliding, the bottom of the groove has a bearing 16, circular on which the cylindrical inner wall 17 rests ring portions. The longest branch of the U-shaped section corresponds to the widest flange 18. Its dimensions are approximately equal to the depth and width of the groove 7 formed in the spoiler 6, so that it can be placed between the face upstream 8 of the disc and in the groove 7 of the spoiler. The shortest branch corresponds to the narrower flange 19 and its height is at most equal to the depth of the circumferential groove 11 limited to the surface of the bearing surface 16.

Les moyens de verrouillage portés par le capot 4 sont formés par la virole cylindrique 12, coaxiale au disque de rotor, dont le bord libre 20 porte deux doigts 21 disposés diamétralement. De préférence, ces doigts ont une même largeur, approximativement égale à une demi-largeur de rainure axiale. Lorsque le voile radial 22 de fixation du capot est fixé sur le disque de rotor, la hauteur des doigts 21 est telle que chacun vient se placer entre les bords des segments 13, 14, et plus précisement entre les bords des collerettes 18 de deux segments voisins. Dans cette position les segments 13 et 14 laissent à chaque extrémité un jeu 15 (voir fig. 3) égal (ou légèrement supérieur) à la moitié de la longueur périphérique du pied d'aube. La figure 3 montre en coupe selon III-III de la figure 1 un doigt 21 en place entre les segments 13, 14 verrouillant circonfé- rentiellement ceux-ci.The locking means carried by the cover 4 are formed by the cylindrical shell 12, coaxial with the rotor disc, the free edge 20 of which carries two fingers 21 arranged diametrically. Preferably, these fingers have the same width, approximately equal to half a width of the axial groove. When the radial web 22 for fixing the cover is fixed on the rotor disc, the height of the fingers 21 is such that each comes to be placed between the edges of the segments 13, 14, and more precisely between the edges of the flanges 18 of two segments neighbors. In this position, the segments 13 and 14 leave at each end a clearance 15 (see fig. 3) equal (or slightly greater) to half the peripheral length of the blade root. Figure 3 shows in section along III-III of Figure 1 a finger 21 in place between the segments 13, 14 circumferentially locking them.

La virole coaxiale peut être remplacée par une bride radiale intérieure comme repéré, par exemple, en 27 et 34 des figures 5 et 7.The coaxial ferrule can be replaced by an inner radial flange as indicated, for example, at 27 and 34 in FIGS. 5 and 7.

La figure 4 montre une autre forme de réalisation des extrémités des segments 13, 14, présentant dans leur bord supérieur une entaille rectangulaire 23. Les dimensions de cette entaille sont telles que, lorsque les deux segments 13, 14 sont amenés bout à bout dans la gorge circonférentielle 11, les entailles des deux extrémités non adjacentes dégagent totalement la partie inférieure de la rainure axiale de retenue radiale d'une aube, ou permettent au moins le passage du becquet 6. Cette forme de réalisation autorise, entre les extrémités du bord inférieur des segments 13, 14, une ouverture 15 de largeur moitié par rapport à des bords droits avec pour conséquence une meilleure tenue des segments dans la gorge.Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the ends of the segments 13, 14, having in their upper edge a rectangular notch 23. The dimensions of this notch are such that, when the two segments 13, 14 are brought end to end in the circumferential groove 11, the notches of the two nonadjacent ends completely disengage the lower part of the axial radial retaining groove of a blade, or at least allow the passage of the spoiler 6. This embodiment allows, between the ends of the lower edge segments 13, 14, an opening 15 of width half with respect to straight edges with the result that the segments are better held in the groove.

Une autre forme de réalisation des segments 13, 14 est représentée figures 5 et 6. Les segments forment un anneau à peu près fermé. La collerette la plus large 18 est découpée de manière à présenter des dents 24 sur son bord extérieur. La distance entre deux dents voisines correspond à la distance entre deux rainures axiales. Par coulissement des segments dans la gorge circonférentielle 11, on amène les dents 24 soit dans la rainure 7 des becquets 6, soit devant les dents 25 de la jante du rotor. Ces positions permettent respectivement de verrouiller ou de déverrouiller toutes les aubes. Afin de maintenir les segments dans la position de verrouillage des aubes, ils sont munis de moyens de positionnement formés par des bossages ou des pions 26 qui coopèrent avec une partie des moyens de verrouillage portés par le capot 4 et, plus particulièrement, par une virole coaxiale ou une bride radiale 27 prévue dans le capot, et dont le bord libre présente des logements ou des encoches 28 dans lesquels les bossages ou les pions se placent. La fixation du capot sur le disque de rotor verrouille les segments dans le sens circonférentiel.Another embodiment of the segments 13, 14 is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. The segments form a roughly closed ring. The widest collar 18 is cut so as to have teeth 24 on its outer edge. The distance between two neighboring teeth corresponds to the distance between two axial grooves. By sliding the segments in the circumferential groove 11, the teeth 24 are brought either into the groove 7 of the spoilers 6, or in front of the teeth 25 of the rotor rim. These positions allow respectively to lock or unlock all the blades. In order to keep the segments in the locking position of the blades, they are provided with positioning means formed by bosses or pins 26 which cooperate with part of the locking means carried by the cover 4 and, more particularly, by a ferrule. coaxial or a radial flange 27 provided in the cover, and whose free edge has housings or notches 28 in which the bosses or the pins are placed. Attaching the cover to the rotor disc locks the segments in the circumferential direction.

Le verrouillage des segments peut également être obtenu comme dans l'exemple de la figure 1 par des doigts, portés par le capot, venant se placer entre deux ou plusieurs dents des segments ou dans des logements prévus dans la collerette la moins large 19.The locking of the segments can also be obtained as in the example of FIG. 1 by fingers, carried by the cover, coming to be placed between two or more teeth of the segments or in housings provided in the narrower flange 19.

Une troisième forme de réalisation, montrée figures 7 à 9, est plus particulièrement adaptée à des aubes dont la partie saillante du pied ou becquet 29 so prolonge radialement vers le centre au-dessous du plan de la partie inférieure du pied d'aube.A third embodiment, shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, is more particularly suited to blades whose protruding part of the foot or spoiler 29 so extends radially towards the center below the plane of the lower part of the blade root.

Cette disposition permet d'empêcher la déplacement axial de l'aube, d'amont vers l'aval dans la rainure par appui de la face aval du becquet contre la face amont 8 du disque de rotor et n'autorise le démontage de l'aube que vers l'amont.This arrangement prevents the axial placement of the blade, from upstream to downstream in the groove by pressing the downstream face of the spoiler against the upstream face 8 of the rotor disc and authorizes disassembly of the blade only upstream.

Pour permettre le démontage de l'aube, on prévoit dans le bord amont 30 de la gorge circonférentielle 11 et en face des rainures axiales, des indentations 31 formant entre elles des dents 32 constituant une partie des moyens de verrouillage. L'autre partie des moyens de verrouillage portée par le capot est également constituée de dents 33 de dimensions et de forme telles qu'elles puissent passer dans les indentations 31 du bord de la gorge 11 et se placer entre les dents 32 dudit bord et la face amont des becquets d'aube 29. Les dents 33 sont formées dans le bord libre d'une virole cylindrique ou d'une bride radiale 34 prévue dans le capot. Le verrouillage ou le déverrouillage des aubes s'obtient lors de la mise en place du capot par rotation de celui-ci d'un demi-pas correspondant à la distance entre une rainure axiale et la dent adjacente du disque du rotor. On notera que les dents 32 forment des éléments de bride intermédiaire, qui reprennent les efforts sans présenter des épaisseurs trop pénalisantes pour la masse.To allow disassembly of the blade, provision is made in the upstream edge 30 of the circumferential groove 11 and opposite the axial grooves, indentations 31 forming teeth 32 between them constituting part of the locking means. The other part of the locking means carried by the cover also consists of teeth 33 of dimensions and shape such that they can pass through the indentations 31 of the edge of the groove 11 and be placed between the teeth 32 of said edge and the upstream face of the blade spoilers 29. The teeth 33 are formed in the free edge of a cylindrical shell or of a radial flange 34 provided in the cover. The locking or unlocking of the blades is obtained during the fitting of the cover by rotation of the latter by a half-step corresponding to the distance between an axial groove and the adjacent tooth of the rotor disc. It will be noted that the teeth 32 form intermediate flange elements, which take up the forces without having thicknesses which are too penalizing for the mass.

Les différents modes de réalisation décrits peuvent être appliqués à des aubes dont les pieds sont maintenus dans des rainures axiales inclinées d'amont en aval sur l'axe, comme représenté figure 7. Ce brochage incliné permet un allégement des efforts vers l'amont et autorise une structure plus légère du capot.The various embodiments described can be applied to blades whose feet are held in axial grooves inclined from upstream to downstream on the axis, as shown in FIG. 7. This inclined pinout allows a reduction of the forces upstream and allows a lighter structure of the hood.

Claims (9)

1. Arrangement for retaining axially blade roots in a turbo-machine rotor disc, upon which disc a front cover is capable of being secured the blade roots being retained radially in axial grooves provided in the rim of the disc, the roots carrying a part projecting relative to the upstream face of the disc and radially directed towards the centre of the disc, the disc having on its upstream face a rim having a circumferential groove open radially outward receiving at least part of the axial locking means of the blade roots, characterised in that the front cover (4) comprises a member (12, 27, 34) secured interiorly, carrying at its free end at least the other part of the locking means co-operating directly or indirectly with the projecting parts (6, 29) of the blade roots.
2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the locking means carried by the circumferential groove (11) comprise at least two ring portions (13, 14) capable of fitting into said groove and between the projecting part (6) of the blade root and the upstream face of the disc (8), of width greater than the distance separating the bottom of the circumferential groove from the bottom of the axial grooves, the length of the annular segment formed by the ring portions placed end to end being less, by at least one width of an axial groove, than the length of the circumference of a complete ring, the ring portions being capable of co-operating with the part of the locking means provided on the cover.
3. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterised in that the part of the locking means provided on the cover (4) consists of fingers (21) capable of locating themselves between the ends of the ring portions (13, 14).
4. Arrangement according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterised in that the ring portions have a section in the form of a U with unequal legs, the transverse branch forming as cylindrical segment capable of co-operating with the base of the circumferential groove (11), the legs forming radial collars (18, 19), one collar (18), capable of co-operating with the transverse groove (7) formed in the projecting part (6) of the blade root, being the wider, and the other collar (19), capable of co-operating with the upstream edge of the circumferential groove (11), being the narrower.
5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterised in that the wider collar (18) of the ring portions has, on its outer side, teeth (24), the distance between two adjacent teeth being equal to the distance between two adjacent axial grooves.
6. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterised in that the narrower collar (19) of the ring portions has radially-disposed positioning means (26) capable of co-operating with the part of the locking means carried by the cover (4).
7. Arrangement according to claim 6, characterised in that the positioning means are constituted by bosses (26), and the locking means carried by the cover (4) comprise notches (28).
8. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that the circumferential groove (11) has, opposite to the axial grooves, indentations allowing the passage of at least the projecting part (29) of the blade roots, and in that the part of the locking means carried by the cover (4) ist constituted by teeth of a shape and of dimensions corresponding approximately to those of the indentations, capable of engaging between the teeth (32) formed between the indentations and the upstream face of the projecting parts (29) of the blade roots by a rotation of the cover (4) through half a pitch.
9. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the axial grooves for retaining the blades are inclined from upstream to downstream with respect to the axis.
EP83400696A 1982-04-08 1983-04-06 Device for the axial retention of blade roots in a turbine wheel Expired EP0091865B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8206118A FR2524932A1 (en) 1982-04-08 1982-04-08 DEVICE FOR AXIAL RETENTION OF BLADE FEET IN A TURBOMACHINE DISC
FR8206118 1982-04-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0091865A1 EP0091865A1 (en) 1983-10-19
EP0091865B1 true EP0091865B1 (en) 1985-06-19

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EP83400696A Expired EP0091865B1 (en) 1982-04-08 1983-04-06 Device for the axial retention of blade roots in a turbine wheel

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US (1) US4470756A (en)
EP (1) EP0091865B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58187503A (en)
DE (1) DE3360301D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2524932A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2524932A1 (en) 1983-10-14
US4470756A (en) 1984-09-11
JPH0116961B2 (en) 1989-03-28
EP0091865A1 (en) 1983-10-19
FR2524932B1 (en) 1984-07-20
DE3360301D1 (en) 1985-07-25
JPS58187503A (en) 1983-11-01

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