EP0112320A2 - Apparatus for profiling an abrasive wheel - Google Patents

Apparatus for profiling an abrasive wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0112320A2
EP0112320A2 EP83870127A EP83870127A EP0112320A2 EP 0112320 A2 EP0112320 A2 EP 0112320A2 EP 83870127 A EP83870127 A EP 83870127A EP 83870127 A EP83870127 A EP 83870127A EP 0112320 A2 EP0112320 A2 EP 0112320A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tools
cutting
dressing
barrel
profiling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83870127A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0112320A3 (en
Inventor
Henri Willot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sa Recherches Et De Developpement Industriel (so Re Di) Ste
Original Assignee
Sa Recherches Et De Developpement Industriel (so Re Di) Ste
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Publication date
Application filed by Sa Recherches Et De Developpement Industriel (so Re Di) Ste filed Critical Sa Recherches Et De Developpement Industriel (so Re Di) Ste
Publication of EP0112320A2 publication Critical patent/EP0112320A2/en
Publication of EP0112320A3 publication Critical patent/EP0112320A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B24B53/12—Dressing tools; Holders therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
    • B24B27/0061—Other grinding machines or devices having several tools on a revolving tools box
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/36—Machine including plural tools
    • Y10T408/37—Turret of tools
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/15—Tool changing with means to condition or adjust tool or tool support

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for profiling, straightening or refining with precision a grinding wheel of abrasives by cutting using diamond tools with separate profiling, this apparatus being able to be mounted on the grinding head or possibly the work table. of a grinding machine whatever the functions of rectification of the latter.
  • the invention relates above all to an apparatus making it possible to straighten with precision and speed an abrasive wheel according to difficult and precise contours, this wheel being intended to ensure a perfect finish, by grinding, of the parts machined using a planer. , a vice-file, a mortiser, a milling machine or a lathe by correcting an extra thickness provided during machining to compensate for possible deformations that would result from a subsequent thermal or chemical treatment of the workpiece , for example quenching or case hardening of said part.
  • Apparatuses for profiling an abrasive wheel are known using profiling diamonds carried by two separate dressing arms of a turret with two positions, one of the diamonds being intended for roughing the profile of the grinding wheel, the other at the end of this profile.
  • profiling diamonds carried by two separate dressing arms of a turret with two positions, one of the diamonds being intended for roughing the profile of the grinding wheel, the other at the end of this profile.
  • These known devices can be mounted on a spindle chassis of a grinding machine.
  • pivoting straightening arms makes it possible to correctly choose for each operation the appropriate diamond cutting tool, for example for roughing of the profile of the grinding wheel, leaving a sufficient excess thickness only to absorb the surface irregularities due to the grazing of the grinding wheel.
  • This split of dressing of the grinding wheel in two stages makes it possible to reduce the duration of dressing and to extend the service life of diamond cutting tools.
  • pivoting training arms have the major drawback of having a large overhang. This overhang constitutes a significant obstacle to ensure a set-up without play and precise guidance of each of the diamond tools.
  • pivoting arms require the presence of a turret carriage, intended to slide either directly on the bench, or on a midsole.
  • the various positions of the turret are not determined by longitudinal and transverse stops, but rather by microswitches connected to a relay system making it possible to fix all the sources and fix the continuation of the operations.
  • the advancement and translation mechanisms of the straightening arms carried by the turret itself mounted on the turret carriage are hydraulically controlled and are actuated in response to a profiling and straightening order, transmitted by a probing needle traversing a template and by a pantograph system.
  • the transmission ratio is generally one tenth or one fifth compared to the gauge.
  • Measuring instruments consisting for example of a control balance and a comparator, allow the diamonds to be adjusted relative to the axis of rotation of the abrasive wheel.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks and proposes a particular dressing head which provides the cutting tool with increased rigidity. It relates to an apparatus for profiling, dressing or re-finishing with precision a grinding wheel of hard abrasives by cutting using diamond tools with distinct profiles each carried by a dressing arm, this apparatus being able to be mounted on the grinding head.
  • a grinder and being essentially characterized in that it comprises an a straightening head comprises a barrel provided with a series of separate retractable each diamond tools mounted slidably in a cavity of said barrel for rotating repeatedly , each time at an angle equal to that between two neighboring tools and to be rigidly locked in each of the positions so as to bring successively, with precision and perfect repeatability each of the tools in a predetermined position opposite the dressing station of the wheel.
  • each of the cutting tools is brought to the dressing station by pivoting the barrel and by translation using a rod and a jack ensuring the intake and lifting of the tool of cutting.
  • Each of the cutting tools, straight, oblique or flat advantageously have a well-defined orientation.
  • the apparatus comprises a computer provided with a keyboard for manual introduction of metric data allowing the positioning of each of the cutting tools at the reference point, the introduction into the part program memory with automatic generation of a sequence number, the incremental introduction of metric data supplied by an incremental measuring device formed of very high precision and comprising a programmer fixing the sequence of operations in automatic cycle for serial work.
  • a profiling apparatus comprises a tool-carrying carriage 1 on which is mounted a dressing head designated as a whole by the reference notation 2 with six stations with immediate indexing in both directions .
  • the tool carriage 1 can move transversely to an unmounted work table of a grinding machine, along a slide 3 by driving with a ball screw 4 of the SKF VIS TRANSROL 12 x 2 type controlled by a pulley 5 and an electric motor 6.
  • the threaded rod 4 is mounted on two NADELLA needle bearings 7 of type AX 4. 10. 12 ensuring assembly without play.
  • the horizontal stroke of the tool carriage 1 is 75 millimeters, depending on the model.
  • the horizontal movement control mechanism is designed for hand advance and automatic and micrometric advance to achieve high precision.
  • the tool carriage 1 can also move in a vertical plane.
  • the vertical stroke 67 millimeters long, takes place along a second slide 8 perpendicular to the first by driving with a threaded rod 9, similar to the first, controlled by a pulley 10 and an electric motor 6, possibly separate from the first.
  • the horizontal and vertical strokes of the tool carriage 1 are fixed by microswitches.
  • the slides 3 and 8 each consist of four guide rails 11.
  • Two very high precision incremental closed linear measuring devices of the HEIDE-HAIN type designated as a whole by the reference numbers 12, 13 each include an incremental glass ruler 14, a sensing head or probe reticle not shown, a lamp not shown emitting a series of narrow light beams made up of photo-elements intended to capture said beams, and connected to a probe trolley.
  • the dressing head 2 consisting of a body or sheath 15 in which pivots a barrel 16 provided with a series of diamond tools 17 separate and retractable, for cutting, is mounted on the tool carriage 1 so that the pivot axis PP 'of said barrel 15 is substantially vertical.
  • the above-mentioned cutting tools 17 are each slidably mounted in a cell 18 of said barrel 16.
  • the barrel 16 carries an upper shaft 19 mounted on the sheath 15 using the upper bearing 20 and driven by the pulleys 19 '.
  • the barrel also rests on the sheath 15 by means of the lower pivot 21 and the bearing 22.
  • the barrel 16 comprises a series 23 of cells 18, for example six in number, of trapezoidal section and the walls of which have a groove 24 along which a slide 25 can be moved, actuated by a rod 26 and a jack 27.
  • Each slide 25 carries a cutting tool 17.
  • Each cutting tool 17 has a possibly distinct shape suitable for the profile to be produced.
  • the cells 18 are delimited at their upper part by stop rings 28, 29.
  • the sheath 15 is closed at its upper part and at its lower part by two covers 30 , fixed by screws 30 '.
  • a guide 31, integral with the sheath 15 and mounted at the height of a recess 32 of this sheath 15, opposite the profiling station and a locking device 33 make it possible to rigidly fix each of the tools on the dressing head with sufficient rigidity .
  • each of the tools 17 is obtained by repeated pivoting of the barrel 16 by an angle equal to that between two neighboring tools, in both directions.
  • the barrel 16 can be rigidly locked in each of the positions so as to successively bring each of the tools 17 in front of the profiling or dressing station of the wheel not shown.
  • the supply and the lifting of each of the tools 17 after their positioning opposite the dressing station by pivoting the barrel 16, is done pneumatically or hydraulically using a rod 26 driving the slide 25 enclosing the tool 17.
  • This rod 26 brings each of the corresponding tools against a stop 34 judiciously studied guide 31 to ensure the locking of the tool 17 in the vicinity of the grinding wheel.
  • This device makes it possible to reduce any overhang of each of the cutting tools with respect to the working surface of the grinding wheel to be profiled.
  • the device described eliminates during the lifting of the tool 17 any risk of friction and shock of the tool 16 against any part of the profile of the grinding wheel not shown.
  • the dressing head can be provided with a taring or positioning device made up of three micro-contact measurement units or strain gauges located in reference planes.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 A second embodiment of a locking and setting device is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. It comprises a box 35 intended to allow the tool magazine according to the invention to be fixed and positioned, provided with a device locking and setting, generally designated by the reference notation 36, on any profiling machine using studs 35 '.
  • the housing 35 comprises a centering ring 37 and a centering pin 37 'allowing the positioning of the housing.
  • a piston rod 38 sliding transversely with respect to the axis of the guide 31 is held tightly in the cavity 39 by the piston seals 40 applied against the spacer ring 41 using the clamping ring 42 held in place by the screw 43.
  • the cavity 39 is closed by the cover 44 and the O-ring 45.
  • a ring 46 makes it possible to position the feelers 47 mounted on levers 48 which control the microswitch measurement units 49.
  • the guide 31 consists of a tubular casing 50 provided at its end with a calibrated tip 51 intended to hold in place a clamping part 52 of the diamond tool intended to make up for any possible play.
  • the clamping part 52 slides along a guide ring 53 and the tubular casing under the action of a control fluid supplied by inlet 54 and discharge 55 channels, the sealing of the hydraulic or pneumatic control being obtained by the O-rings 56, 57 and 58.
  • the guide ring 53 also serves as an upper stop for the pinching rod 52.
  • the calibrated nozzle 51 comprises two sealing rings 59, 60 as well as an annular recess 61 intended to distribute a powerful air blast intended for the scanning of possible impurities in the gantries of the calibrated nozzle 51.
  • the tubular casing 50 has channels 6 2 intended for a cooling fluid.
  • the apparatus described in this specification can be used to prepare an abrasive wheel. After the profiling operation, it is necessary to sharpen the working surface of the grinding wheel, i.e. to remove the binder superficially between the abrasive grains.
  • One of the tools can then consist of a wheel or a appropriately shaped mild steel bar.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil destiné à profiler, dresser ou ribler avec précision une meule abrasive, par taillage à l'aide d'outils diamantés. L'appareil comporte une tête de dressage (15) comportant un barillet (16) muni d'une série d'outils diamantés distincts rétractables (17), susceptibles d'être bloqués chacun rigidement en face du poste de dressage de la meule.The invention relates to an apparatus for precisely profiling, dressing or grinding an abrasive wheel, by cutting with diamond tools. The apparatus comprises a dressing head (15) comprising a barrel (16) provided with a series of separate retractable diamond tools (17), each capable of being rigidly blocked opposite the dressing station of the grinding wheel.

Description

La présente invention concerne un appareil à profiler, dresser ou ribler avec précision une meule agglomérée d'abrasifs par taillage à l'aide d'outils diamantés à profiler distincts , cet appareil pouvant être monté sur la tête de meulage ou éventuellement la table de travail d'une rectifieuse quelles que soient les fonctions de rectification de cette dernière.The present invention relates to an apparatus for profiling, straightening or refining with precision a grinding wheel of abrasives by cutting using diamond tools with separate profiling, this apparatus being able to be mounted on the grinding head or possibly the work table. of a grinding machine whatever the functions of rectification of the latter.

L'invention concerne avant tout un appareil permettant de dresser avec précision et rapidité une meule abrasive suivant des contours difficiles et précis, cette meule étant destinée à assurer une finition parfaite, par rectification, des pièces usinées à l'aide d'une-raboteuse, d'un étau-limeur, d'une mortaiseuse, d'une fraiseuse ou d'un tour en corrigeant une surépaisseur prévue lors de l'usinage pour compenser des déformations éventuelles qu'entrainerait un traitement thermique ou chimique ultérieur de la pièce usinée, par exemple une trempe ou une cémentation de ladite pièce.The invention relates above all to an apparatus making it possible to straighten with precision and speed an abrasive wheel according to difficult and precise contours, this wheel being intended to ensure a perfect finish, by grinding, of the parts machined using a planer. , a vice-file, a mortiser, a milling machine or a lathe by correcting an extra thickness provided during machining to compensate for possible deformations that would result from a subsequent thermal or chemical treatment of the workpiece , for example quenching or case hardening of said part.

On connaît des appareils à profiler une meule abrasive à l'aide de diamants à profiler portés par deux bras de dressage distincts d'une tourelle à deux positions, un des diamants étant destiné à l'ébauchage du profil de la meule, l'autre au finissage de ce profil. Ces appareils connus peuvent être montés sur un châssis à broche d'une rectifieuse.Apparatuses for profiling an abrasive wheel are known using profiling diamonds carried by two separate dressing arms of a turret with two positions, one of the diamonds being intended for roughing the profile of the grinding wheel, the other at the end of this profile. These known devices can be mounted on a spindle chassis of a grinding machine.

L'utilisation de bras de dressage pivotants permet de choisir correctement pour chaque opération l'outil diamanté approprié de taillage , par exemple pour l'ébauchage du profil de la meule, en laissant une surépaisseur suffisante que pour absorber les irrégularités de surface dues au broutage de la meule. Cette scission du dressage de la meule en deux étapes permet de réduire la durée du dressage et de prolonger la durée de vie des outils diamantés de taillage.The use of pivoting straightening arms makes it possible to correctly choose for each operation the appropriate diamond cutting tool, for example for roughing of the profile of the grinding wheel, leaving a sufficient excess thickness only to absorb the surface irregularities due to the grazing of the grinding wheel. This split of dressing of the grinding wheel in two stages makes it possible to reduce the duration of dressing and to extend the service life of diamond cutting tools.

Les bras de dressage pivotants présentent cependant l'inconvénient majeur-de présenter un porte-à-faux important. Ce porte-à-faux constitue un obstacle non négligeable pour assurer une mise en place sans jeu et un guidage précis de chacun des outils diamantés.However, the pivoting training arms have the major drawback of having a large overhang. This overhang constitutes a significant obstacle to ensure a set-up without play and precise guidance of each of the diamond tools.

De plus, ces bras pivotants exigent la présence d'un chariot de tourelle, destiné à coulisser soit directement sur le banc, soit sur une semelle intermédiaire. Dans certaines machines-outils récentes, les diverses positions de la tourelle sont non pas déterminées par des butées longitudinale et transversale, mais plutôt par des microcontacts reliés à un système de relais permettant de fixer toutes les sources et fixer la suite des opérations.In addition, these pivoting arms require the presence of a turret carriage, intended to slide either directly on the bench, or on a midsole. In certain recent machine tools, the various positions of the turret are not determined by longitudinal and transverse stops, but rather by microswitches connected to a relay system making it possible to fix all the sources and fix the continuation of the operations.

Les mécanismes d'avancement et de translation des bras dresseurs portés par la tourelle montée elle-même sur le chariot de tourelle sont commandés hydrauliquement et sont actionnés en réponse à un ordre de profilage et de dressage, transmis par une aiguille de palpage parcourant un gabarit et par un système à pantographe. Le rapport de transmission est généralement un dixième ou un cinquième par rapport au gabarit. Des instruments de mesure, constitués par exemple d'une balance de contrôle et d'un comparateur permettent l'ajustement des diamants par rapport à l'axe de rotation de la meule abrasive .The advancement and translation mechanisms of the straightening arms carried by the turret itself mounted on the turret carriage are hydraulically controlled and are actuated in response to a profiling and straightening order, transmitted by a probing needle traversing a template and by a pantograph system. The transmission ratio is generally one tenth or one fifth compared to the gauge. Measuring instruments, consisting for example of a control balance and a comparator, allow the diamonds to be adjusted relative to the axis of rotation of the abrasive wheel.

Ces appareils à profilés connus à gabarits ne permettent cependant pas de générer des profils présentant des arêtes vives.These devices with known profiles with templates do not, however, make it possible to generate profiles having sharp edges.

Ces appareils connus présentent un second inconvénient. Ils ne possèdent en effet que deux outils de dressage orientés dans une même direction. Or, lors du riblage d'une meule abrasive au nitrure de bore cubique, l'enlèvement du liant doit se faire dans des conditions soigneusement contrôlées pour éviter un déchaussement prématuré des grains abrasifs durs. L'absence d'outils d'orientations différentes nuit à la fois à la précision de l'usinage et à la longévité de la meule.These known devices have a second drawback. They only have two dressing tools oriented in the same direction. However, during the screening of an abrasive wheel with cubic boron nitride, the removal of the binder must be done under carefully controlled conditions to avoid premature loosening of the hard abrasive grains. The absence of tools with different orientations affects both the precision of the machining and the longevity of the grinding wheel.

La présente invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients précités et propose une tête de dressage particulière assurant à l'outil de taillage une rigidité accrue. Elle concerne un appareil à profiler, dresser ou ribler avec précision une meule agglomérée d'abrasifs durs par taillage à l'aide d'outils diamantés à profilés distincts portés chacun par un bras de dressage, cet appareil pouvant être monté sur la tête de meulage d'une rectifieuse et étant essentiellement caractérisé en ce queil comporte une tête de dressage constituée d'un barillet muni d'une série d'outils diamantés distincts rétractables montés chacun de manière coulissante dans un alvéole dudit barillet destiné à tourner à maintes reprises, chaque fois d'un angle égal à celui compris entre deux outils voisins et d'être bloqué rigidement dans chacune des positions de manière à amener successivement, avec précision et parfaite répétabilité chacun des outils dans une position prédéterminée en face du poste de dressage de la meule.The present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks and proposes a particular dressing head which provides the cutting tool with increased rigidity. It relates to an apparatus for profiling, dressing or re-finishing with precision a grinding wheel of hard abrasives by cutting using diamond tools with distinct profiles each carried by a dressing arm, this apparatus being able to be mounted on the grinding head. a grinder and being essentially characterized in that it comprises an a straightening head comprises a barrel provided with a series of separate retractable each diamond tools mounted slidably in a cavity of said barrel for rotating repeatedly , each time at an angle equal to that between two neighboring tools and to be rigidly locked in each of the positions so as to bring successively, with precision and perfect repeatability each of the tools in a predetermined position opposite the dressing station of the wheel.

Suivant une particularité de l'invention, chacun des outils de découpage est amené au poste de dressage par pivotement du barillet et par translation à l'aide d'une tringle et d'un vérin assurant l'apport et le relevage de l'outil de taillage.According to a feature of the invention, each of the cutting tools is brought to the dressing station by pivoting the barrel and by translation using a rod and a jack ensuring the intake and lifting of the tool of cutting.

Chacun des outils de découpage, droits, obliques ou planes présentent avantageusement une orientation bien déterminée.Each of the cutting tools, straight, oblique or flat advantageously have a well-defined orientation.

Suivant une autre particularité de l'invention, l'appareil comporte un ordinateur muni d'un clavier d'introduction manuelle de données métriques permettant le positionnement de chacun des outils de découpage au point de référence, l'introduction en mémoire de programme pièce avec génération automatique d'un numéro de séquence, l'introduction incrémentale de données métriques fournies par un appareil de mesure incrémental formé de très haute précision etcomportant un programmateur fixant la suite des opérations en cycle automatique pour le travail en série.According to another particular feature of the invention, the apparatus comprises a computer provided with a keyboard for manual introduction of metric data allowing the positioning of each of the cutting tools at the reference point, the introduction into the part program memory with automatic generation of a sequence number, the incremental introduction of metric data supplied by an incremental measuring device formed of very high precision and comprising a programmer fixing the sequence of operations in automatic cycle for serial work.

D'autres particularités et détails de l'invention ressortiront de la description suivante des dessins annexés au présent mémoire, qui représentent-schématiquement une forme de réalisation de l'appareil de profilage suivant l'invention.Other particularities and details of the invention will emerge from the following description of the drawings appended to this specification, which schematically represent an embodiment of the profiling apparatus according to the invention.

Dans ces dessins :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en eoupe d'un appareil de profilage suivant l'invention, constitué d'un chariot porte-outil sur lequel est monté une tête de dressage;
  • - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'une première forme de réalisation d'une tête de dressage à barillet;
  • - la figure 3 est une coupe suivant la ligne III-III de la figure 2;
  • - les figures 4 et 5 sont des coupes longitudinales de la tête de dressage montrée à la figure 2;
  • - les figures 6 et 7 sont une vue en plan en une coupe transversale d'une seconde forme de réalisation d'une tête de dressage.
In these drawings:
  • - Figure 1 is a sectional view of a profiling device according to the invention, consisting of a tool carriage on which is mounted a dressing head;
  • - Figure 2 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of a barrel dressing head;
  • - Figure 3 is a section along line III-III of Figure 2;
  • - Figures 4 and 5 are longitudinal sections of the dressing head shown in Figure 2;
  • - Figures 6 and 7 are a plan view in cross section of a second embodiment of a dressing head.

Dans ces différentes figures, les mêmes notations de référence désignent des éléments identiques ou analogues.In these different figures, the same reference notations designate identical or analogous elements.

Comme montré à la figure 1, un appareil de profilage suivant l'invention comporte un chariot porte-outils 1 sur lequel est monté une tête de dressage désignée dans son ensemble par la notation de référence 2 à six stations à indexation immédiate dans les deux sens.As shown in FIG. 1, a profiling apparatus according to the invention comprises a tool-carrying carriage 1 on which is mounted a dressing head designated as a whole by the reference notation 2 with six stations with immediate indexing in both directions .

Le chariot porte-outils 1 peut se déplacer transversalement à une table de travail non montée d'une rectifieuse, le long d'une glissière 3 par entraînement à l'aide d'une vis à bille 4 du type SKF VIS TRANSROL 12 x 2 commandée par une poulie 5 et un moteur électrique 6. La tige filetée 4 est montée sur deux roulements à aiguilles NADELLA 7 du type AX 4. 10. 12 assurant un montage sans jeu. La course horizontale du chariot porte-outil 1 est de 75 millimètres,, selon les modèles.The tool carriage 1 can move transversely to an unmounted work table of a grinding machine, along a slide 3 by driving with a ball screw 4 of the SKF VIS TRANSROL 12 x 2 type controlled by a pulley 5 and an electric motor 6. The threaded rod 4 is mounted on two NADELLA needle bearings 7 of type AX 4. 10. 12 ensuring assembly without play. The horizontal stroke of the tool carriage 1 is 75 millimeters, depending on the model.

Le mécanisme de commande de déplacement horizontal est conçu pour l'avance à main et l'avance automatique et micrométrique afin d'obtenir une grande précision.The horizontal movement control mechanism is designed for hand advance and automatic and micrometric advance to achieve high precision.

Le chariot porte-outil 1 peut se déplacer également dans un plan vertical. La course verticale, d'une longueur de 67 millimètres s'effectue le long d'une seconde glissière 8 perpendiculaire à la première par entraînement à l'aide d'une tige filetée 9, semblable à la première, commandée par une poulie 10 et un moteur électrique 6, éventuellement distinct du premier. Les courses horizontales et verticales du chariot porte-outil 1 sont fixées par microcontacts . Les glissières 3 et 8 sont constituées chacune de quatre rails de guidage 11.The tool carriage 1 can also move in a vertical plane. The vertical stroke, 67 millimeters long, takes place along a second slide 8 perpendicular to the first by driving with a threaded rod 9, similar to the first, controlled by a pulley 10 and an electric motor 6, possibly separate from the first. The horizontal and vertical strokes of the tool carriage 1 are fixed by microswitches. The slides 3 and 8 each consist of four guide rails 11.

Deux appareils de mesure linéaire incrémentaux fermés de très haute précision du type HEIDE-HAIN désignés dans leur ensemble par les notations de référence 12, 13 comprennent chacun une règle incrémentale en verre 14, une tête captrice ou réticule palpeur non montré, une lampe non montrée émettant une série de faisceaux lumineux étroits constitués de photo-éléments destinés à capter lesdits faisceaux, et reliée à un chariot de palpage.Two very high precision incremental closed linear measuring devices of the HEIDE-HAIN type designated as a whole by the reference numbers 12, 13 each include an incremental glass ruler 14, a sensing head or probe reticle not shown, a lamp not shown emitting a series of narrow light beams made up of photo-elements intended to capture said beams, and connected to a probe trolley.

En déplaçant la règle 14 par rapport au réticule palpeur, des variations de luminosité apparaissent au niveau des photo-éléments qui transforment ces variations de luminosité en signaux sinusoldaux exploités ensuite dans l'électronique de comptage.By moving the rule 14 relative to the probe reticle, variations in brightness appear at the level of the photo-elements which transform these variations in brightness into sinusoidal signals then used in the counting electronics.

La tête de dressage 2 constituée d'un corps ou fourreau 15 dans lequel pivote un barillet 16 muni d'une série d'outils diamantés 17 distincts et rétractables, de taillage, est monté sur le chariot porte-outils 1 de manière que l'axe de pivotement P-P' dudit barillet 15 soit sensiblement vertical. Les outils de découpage 17 susdits sont montés chacun de manière coulissante dans un alvéole 18 dudit barillet 16. Le barillet 16 porte un arbre supérieur 19 monté sur le fourreau 15 à l'aide du palier supérieur 20 et entrainé par les poulies 19'. Le barillet repose également sur le fourreau 15 par l'intermédiaire du pivot inférieur 21 et le palier 22. Le barillet 16 comporte une série 23 d'alvéoles 18, par exemple au nombre de six, de section trapézoïdale et dont les parois présentent une rainure 24 le long de laquelle peut se mouvoir un coulisseau 25 actionné par une tringle 26 et un vérin 27. Chaque coulisseau 25 porte un outil de taillage 17. Chaque outil de découpage 17 présente une forme éventuellement distincte appropriée au profil à réaliser. Les alvéoles 18 sont délimités à leur partie supérieure par des bagues d'arrêt 28, 29. Le fourreau 15 est obturé à sa partie supérieure et à sa partie inférieure par deux couvercles 30, fixés par des vis 30'.The dressing head 2 consisting of a body or sheath 15 in which pivots a barrel 16 provided with a series of diamond tools 17 separate and retractable, for cutting, is mounted on the tool carriage 1 so that the pivot axis PP 'of said barrel 15 is substantially vertical. The above-mentioned cutting tools 17 are each slidably mounted in a cell 18 of said barrel 16. The barrel 16 carries an upper shaft 19 mounted on the sheath 15 using the upper bearing 20 and driven by the pulleys 19 '. The barrel also rests on the sheath 15 by means of the lower pivot 21 and the bearing 22. The barrel 16 comprises a series 23 of cells 18, for example six in number, of trapezoidal section and the walls of which have a groove 24 along which a slide 25 can be moved, actuated by a rod 26 and a jack 27. Each slide 25 carries a cutting tool 17. Each cutting tool 17 has a possibly distinct shape suitable for the profile to be produced. The cells 18 are delimited at their upper part by stop rings 28, 29. The sheath 15 is closed at its upper part and at its lower part by two covers 30 , fixed by screws 30 '.

Un guide 31, solidaire du fourreau 15 et monté à hauteur d'un évidement 32 de ce fourreau 15, en face du poste de profilage et un dispositif de verrouillage 33 permettent de fixer rigidement chacun des outils sur la tête de dressage avec une rigidité suffisante.A guide 31, integral with the sheath 15 and mounted at the height of a recess 32 of this sheath 15, opposite the profiling station and a locking device 33 make it possible to rigidly fix each of the tools on the dressing head with sufficient rigidity .

Le positionnement de chacun des outils 17 s'obtient par pivotements répétés du barillet 16 d'un angle égal à celui compris entre deux outils voisins, dans les deux sens. Le barillet 16 peut être bloqué rigidement dans chacune des positions de manière à amener successivement chacun des outils 17 en face du poste de profilage ou dressage de la meule non montrée. L'apport et le relevage de chacun des outils 17 après leur positionnement en face du poste de dressage par pivotement du barillet 16, se fait pneumatiquement ou hydrauliquement à l'aide d'une tringle 26 entraînant le coulisseau 25 enserrant l'outil 17.Cette tringle 26 amène chacun des outils correspondants contre une butée 34 judicieusement étudiée du guide 31 pour assurer le blocage de l'outil 17 au voisinage de la meule. Ce dispositif permet de réduire tout porte-à-faux de chacun des outil de taillage par rapport à la surface de travail de la meule à profiler.The positioning of each of the tools 17 is obtained by repeated pivoting of the barrel 16 by an angle equal to that between two neighboring tools, in both directions. The barrel 16 can be rigidly locked in each of the positions so as to successively bring each of the tools 17 in front of the profiling or dressing station of the wheel not shown. The supply and the lifting of each of the tools 17 after their positioning opposite the dressing station by pivoting the barrel 16, is done pneumatically or hydraulically using a rod 26 driving the slide 25 enclosing the tool 17. This rod 26 brings each of the corresponding tools against a stop 34 judiciously studied guide 31 to ensure the locking of the tool 17 in the vicinity of the grinding wheel. This device makes it possible to reduce any overhang of each of the cutting tools with respect to the working surface of the grinding wheel to be profiled.

Le dispositif décrit élimine lors du relevage de l'outil 17 tout risque de frottement et de choc de l'outil 16 contre une quelconque partie du profil de la meule non montrée.The device described eliminates during the lifting of the tool 17 any risk of friction and shock of the tool 16 against any part of the profile of the grinding wheel not shown.

La tête de dressage peut être munie d'un dispositif de tarage pu de positionnement constitué de trois unités de mesure microcontacts ou jauges de contraintes situés dans des plans de référence.The dressing head can be provided with a taring or positioning device made up of three micro-contact measurement units or strain gauges located in reference planes.

Une seconde forme de réalisation d'un dispositif de verrouillage et de tarage est représenté aux figures 6 et 7. Elle comprend un boitier 35 destiné à permettre de fixer et de positionner le chargeur d'outil suivant l'invention, muni d'un dispositif de verrouillage et de tarage, désigné dans son ensemble par la notation de référence 36, sur n'importe quelle machine à profiler à l'aide de goujons 35'.A second embodiment of a locking and setting device is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. It comprises a box 35 intended to allow the tool magazine according to the invention to be fixed and positioned, provided with a device locking and setting, generally designated by the reference notation 36, on any profiling machine using studs 35 '.

Le boîtier 35 comporte une bague de centrage 37 et une goupille de centrage 37' permettant le positionnement du boitier. Une tige de piston 38 coulissant transversalement par rapport à l'axe du guide 31, est maintenue étanchement dans la cavité 39 par les joints de piston 40 appliqués contre la bague entretoise 41 à l'aide de la bague de serrage 42 maintenue en place par la vis 43. La cavité 39 est obturée par le couvercle 44 et le joint torique 45.The housing 35 comprises a centering ring 37 and a centering pin 37 'allowing the positioning of the housing. A piston rod 38 sliding transversely with respect to the axis of the guide 31 is held tightly in the cavity 39 by the piston seals 40 applied against the spacer ring 41 using the clamping ring 42 held in place by the screw 43. The cavity 39 is closed by the cover 44 and the O-ring 45.

Une bague 46 permet de positionner les palpeurs 47 montés sur des leviers 48 qui commandent les unités de mesure microcontacts 49.A ring 46 makes it possible to position the feelers 47 mounted on levers 48 which control the microswitch measurement units 49.

Le guide 31 se compose d'une enveloppe-tubulaire 50 munie à son extrémité d'un embout calibré 51 destinée à maintenir en place une pièce de pinçage 52 de l'outil diamanté destinée à rattraper tout jeu éventuel.The guide 31 consists of a tubular casing 50 provided at its end with a calibrated tip 51 intended to hold in place a clamping part 52 of the diamond tool intended to make up for any possible play.

La pièce de pinçage 52 coulisse le long d'une bague de guidage 53 et de l'enveloppe tubulaire sous l'action d'un fluide de commande amené par des canaux d'admission 54 et de refoulement 55, l'étanchéité du système de commande hydraulique ou pneumatique étant obtenue par les joints toriques 56, 57 et 58. La bague de guidage 53 sert également de butée haute de la tige de pinçage 52.The clamping part 52 slides along a guide ring 53 and the tubular casing under the action of a control fluid supplied by inlet 54 and discharge 55 channels, the sealing of the hydraulic or pneumatic control being obtained by the O-rings 56, 57 and 58. The guide ring 53 also serves as an upper stop for the pinching rod 52.

L'embout calibré 51 comporte deux bagues d'étanchéité 59, 60 ainsi qu'un évidement annulaire 61 destiné à répartir un souffle d'air puissant destiné au balayage d'éventuelles impuretés dans les portiques de l'embout calibré 51.The calibrated nozzle 51 comprises two sealing rings 59, 60 as well as an annular recess 61 intended to distribute a powerful air blast intended for the scanning of possible impurities in the gantries of the calibrated nozzle 51.

L'enveloppe tubulaire 50 présente des canaux 62 destinés à un fluide de refroidissement.The tubular casing 50 has channels 6 2 intended for a cooling fluid.

Il est évident que l'invention n'est pas limitée aux formes de réalisation ni aux détails décrits ci-dessus et que l'on peut apporter de nombreuses modifications à ces détails sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the embodiments or to the details described above and that many modifications to these details can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Ainsi, l'appareil décrit dans le présent mémoire peut être utilisé pour préparer une meule abrasive. Après l'opération de profilage , il faut aviver la surface de travail de la meule, c'est-à-dire éliminer superficiellement le liant entre les grains abrasifs..Un des outils peut alors être constitué d'une molette ou d'une barre de forme appropriée en acier doux.Thus, the apparatus described in this specification can be used to prepare an abrasive wheel. After the profiling operation, it is necessary to sharpen the working surface of the grinding wheel, i.e. to remove the binder superficially between the abrasive grains. One of the tools can then consist of a wheel or a appropriately shaped mild steel bar.

Claims (5)

1. Appareil à profiler, dresser ou ribler avec précision une meule agglomérée d'abrasifs par taillage à l'aide d'outils diamantés à profiler distincts, cet appareil pouvant être monté sur la tête de meulage ou éventuellement la table de travail d'une rectifieuse, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une tête de dressage (2) constituée d'un barillet (16) muni d'une série d'outils diamantés (17) distincts, rétractables, montés chacun de manière coulissante dans un alvéole (18) dudit barillet (16) destiné à tourner à maintes reprises, chaque fois d'un angle égal à celui compris entre deux outils voisins et d'être bloqué rigidement dans chacune des positions de manière à amener successivement, avec précision et parfaite répétabilité, chacun des outils (17) dans une position prédéterminée, en face du poste de dressage de la meule.1. Apparatus for profiling, dressing or refining with precision a grinding wheel of abrasives by cutting using diamond tools with separate profiling, this apparatus being able to be mounted on the grinding head or possibly the work table of a grinding machine, characterized in that it comprises a dressing head (2) consisting of a barrel (16) provided with a series of separate diamond tools (17), retractable, each slidably mounted in a cell (18 ) of said barrel (16) intended to rotate repeatedly, each time by an angle equal to that between two neighboring tools and to be rigidly locked in each of the positions so as to bring successively, with precision and perfect repeatability, each tools (17) in a predetermined position, opposite the dressing station of the grinding wheel. 2. Appareil suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chacun des outils de taillage est amené au poste de dressage par pivotement du barillet (16) et par translation à l'aide d'une tringle (26) et d'un vérin (27) assurant l'apport et le relevage de l'outil de taillage.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the cutting tools is brought to the dressing station by pivoting the barrel (16) and by translation using a rod (26) and a jack ( 27) ensuring the supply and lifting of the cutting tool. 3. Appareil suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le positionnement correct et le blocage de chacun des outils de taillage (17) au-dessus de la meule est assuré par au moins un vérin spécifique (27).3. Apparatus according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the correct positioning and blocking of each of the cutting tools (17) above the grinding wheel is ensured by at least one specific jack (27). 4. Appareil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que chacun des outils de découpage (17) droits, obliques ou coniques présentent une orientation bien déterminée.4. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each of the tools cutting (17) straight, oblique or conical have a well-defined orientation. 5. Appareil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un ordinateur muni d'un clavier d'introduction manuelle de données métriques permettant le positionnement de chacun des outils de taillage (17) au point de référence, l'introduction en mémoire de programme pièce avec génération automatique d'un numéro de séquence, l'introduction incrémentale de données métriques fournie par un appareil de mesure incrémental formé de très haute précision et comportant un programmateur fixant la suite des opérations.5. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a computer provided with a keyboard for manual input of metric data allowing the positioning of each of the cutting tools (17) at the point of reference, the introduction into part program memory with automatic generation of a sequence number, the incremental introduction of metric data supplied by an incremental measuring device formed of very high precision and comprising a programmer fixing the sequence of operations.
EP83870127A 1982-12-14 1983-12-05 Apparatus for profiling an abrasive wheel Withdrawn EP0112320A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE0/209730A BE895347A (en) 1982-12-14 1982-12-14 APPARATUS FOR PROFILING AN ABRASIVE GRINDER
BE209730 1982-12-14

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EP0112320A2 true EP0112320A2 (en) 1984-06-27
EP0112320A3 EP0112320A3 (en) 1985-11-27

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EP (1) EP0112320A3 (en)
JP (1) JPS59118372A (en)
BE (1) BE895347A (en)
CA (1) CA1219449A (en)
ES (1) ES8500114A1 (en)

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US5105528A (en) * 1991-01-22 1992-04-21 Universal Instruments Corporation Method and apparatus for supplying and changing tips of a pick and place vacuum spindle
US5138799A (en) * 1991-04-12 1992-08-18 Bryant Grinder Corporation Probe positioning mechanism for a radius dresser
US6949057B2 (en) * 2003-09-02 2005-09-27 The Boeing Company Multi-function end effector
JP4469325B2 (en) * 2005-11-04 2010-05-26 株式会社森精機製作所 Thermal displacement correction device
KR101136382B1 (en) * 2009-12-08 2012-04-18 한국기계연구원 tool holder using shape memory alloy and tool holding method

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Also Published As

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ES527928A0 (en) 1984-11-01
JPS59118372A (en) 1984-07-09
BE895347A (en) 1983-06-14
EP0112320A3 (en) 1985-11-27
CA1219449A (en) 1987-03-24
ES8500114A1 (en) 1984-11-01
US4561415A (en) 1985-12-31

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