Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
  • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
  • F42B5/24—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile for cleaning; for cooling; for lubricating ; for wear reducing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
  • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
  • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
  • F42B5/16—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by composition or physical dimensions or form of propellant charge, with or without projectile, or powder

Definitions

• the subject of the present invention is a device comprising one or more projectiles associated with a hollow explosive according to particular configurations as well as specific specific means of implementing this device.
• the present invention aims to provide a device for propelling at very high speed and with sufficient precision by means of a minimal amount of explosive one or more projectiles adapted to specific purposes, as well as different means of implementation and specific specific systems that can integrate this device.
• this result is obtained with a device of the type described above, characterized in that the cavity of the explosive which is or green downstream is filled with an intermediate medium that may be composite, liquid or pasty, or deformable, or becoming liquid or pasty or deformable at any time during the use of the device, and that the free orifice of said cavity is closed at least partially by a section of the projectile and / or by an intermediate body ensuring the protection of the projectile (s) and / or sealing.
• an intermediate medium may be composite, liquid or pasty, or deformable, or becoming liquid or pasty or deformable at any time during the use of the device
• the intermediate medium which may be composite will consist at least partially of a more or less viscous liquid or a fat.
• the combined effect of the excavated load and the above-mentioned intermediate medium which is projected downstream is thus obtained, an effect directed along the axis of the cavity which is similar to that of the hydraulic press. and which propels the projectile at a very high speed.
• the operation of this invention is as follows.
• the explosion of the explosive drives downstream the intermediate medium which projects the projectile (s) downstream and this, naturally, along the axis defined below.
• the explosive the shape of which approximates in certain points to those known under the name of "hollow charges"
• the explosive is symmetrical with respect to an axis rectilinear which is the axis of acceleration and by that that of the beginning of the trajectory and which will be called
• the axis More generally, this symmetry will be revolutionary.
• the exterior of the load is preferably cylindrical and can end in its upstream part by a truncated cone or by a point.
• the exterior shape of the charge may be particular, for example, that of a trunk of a pyramid or cone, or of a surface of revolution generated by a continuous or broken line, straight and / or curved.
• the explosive used for the charge will be a conventional explosive or not. The explosive will naturally have a cavity symmetrical with respect to the axis which will be closed upstream and open downstream.
• the generators of the cavity may be continuous or broken lines, straight and / or curved, concave or convex; apart from the specific zones, these lines are parallel to the axis and / or deviate therefrom from upstream to downstream.
• This cavity will be filled with the above intermediate medium which is more or less viscous and more or less deformable and / or compressible and which is intended to be driven by the explosion downstream along the axis.
• This intermediate medium may be of any kind, possibly composite and include in particular at least for example, but not limited to, a liquid, oil, fat, or more generally a more or less viscous, compressible, pasty or even deformable body. .
• This intermediate medium which is intended to transmit the effect of the explosion to the projectile while regulating it and protecting the projectile, may be homogeneous or composed of various constituents having a specific role, for example protecting the ammunition or the projectile.
• the intermediate element can be neutral or possibly combustible or vaporizable.
• this intermediate medium is not sufficiently fluid, deformable or compressible depending on the desired effect
• the cavity may be covered in whole or in part, but symmetrically with respect to the axis, of a homogeneous material elastic compressible and / or or arranged in the form of a sleeve.
• a homogeneous material elastic compressible and / or or arranged in the form of a sleeve.
• Such material can also be deposited or attached to the rear of the projectile for the purpose of protection, regularization and / or sealing.
• this sleeve can be extended to avoid direct projectile-charge contact.
• the emissions from the explosion of an in-ground explosive according to the invention symmetrical with respect to its axis are oriented along this axis, some being centrifugal and others centripetal.
• the centrifugal fraction will eventually be braked by means of an external case and those which are centripetal will combine to take an axial direction downstream.
• the effects of the explosion in the axial direction will undergo an acceleration which is a function of the geometry of the load.
• the open part downstream of the cavity will be closed in whole or in part by the projectile (s) and its or their possible sealing, protection, and damping devices; all of these elements will be naturally symmetrical with respect to the axis both in terms of masses, volumes and surfaces.
• the projectile can have various shapes, for example a ball shape, or any other shape allowing to favor the penetration in the air and to limit friction in the air, like that of a "j avelot" for example.
• the clean projectile ment may also be constituted by a plate or by a flock or the like filled with a plurality of elementary projectiles.
• the projectile could, for example, simply be crimped or glued to the end of the excavated charge so as to completely or partially seal off one of its sections, the opening of the cavity of the excavated charge.
• the projectile should preferably be adjusted so as to minimize leakage.
• the projectile may be composite and contain, for example, mercury, depleted uranium or a fusible material allowing fragmentation or aerodynamic profiling, this in a manner known for known projectiles. It may also be provided with a magnesium envelope which makes it an incendiary projectile, or conversely be provided on the head with a heat shield limiting its deformation at high speed. It may also contain a delayed explosive, obviously compatible with the propellant charge of the projectile and with the treatment undergone by the projectile.
• magnesium or other fusible or combustible component In the case of the use of magnesium or other fusible or combustible component, it also has the function of adapting the shape of the projectile to the conditions of better penetration into the air.
• the projectile can also be self-blasting in whole or in part under the effect of the explosion.
• the projectile can be kept in the explosive charge by a retarder mechanical with a determined tared breaking point.
• the explosive can be initiated by a simple detonator on a fixed or mobile launching means.
• the detonation system rigorously symmetrical with respect to the axis will be placed near the upstream end of the explosive.
• the rear of the projectile may include a conical or curved or prismatic concavity, this concavity being able to be extended by cylindrical or prismatic drilling, the assembly being naturally symmetrical to the axis of ammunition.
• Certain types of ammunition in accordance with the invention can be fixed on any support, possibly mobile and orientable, which will probably be destroyed by its implementation; other types will be propelled overall advantageously, by a primary means of propulsion which will allow the explosion to intervene in the open air at a sufficient distance from the launcher.
• the primary means may be a conventional propellant charge which will have the function of releasing the vehicle from the launching device.
• the charge explosion preferably occurs only at a certain distance from the launcher.
• the primary charge may impart a more or less rapid rotation ensuring the stabilization of the device.
• the primary means of propulsion can also be a mechanical or fluidic or electromagnetic device, the main thing being to release the secondary load from the launching device and to stabilize its axis at sufficient distance from the launcher having the activation of the secondary load object principal of the invention so as not to cause prejudicial damage to the launcher.
• the explosive charge of the device could be surrounded by an external lateral and even upstream sleeve which will reinforce the useful effects of the explosion and / or by allowing the stabilization and the orientation of the axis of the device after it has left its launcher. This charge is activated by one or more detonators having a delay device, an electric ignition or any equivalent means.
• the invention finds an application in armaments or even for drilling, this without limitation. Given the theoretical maximum speeds that can be reached (of the order of 20,000 m / s), it becomes possible to expel out of the Earth's attraction by high altitude shots (speed of release: 11,200 m / s ) various materials, in particular radioactive or other waste, which one wishes to get rid of by directing them towards the intersidereal spaces. This can be achieved from fixed positions or from balloons, rockets, or planes equipped or able to drop launch containers directed upwards.
• the present invention makes it possible to propel projectiles at very high speed in a simple, economical and efficient manner. It also allows applications with particular characteristics characterized in particular by extremely high firing rates which cannot be obtained by current techniques.
• the devices according to the invention are suitable for launching by conventional weapons such as rocket launchers or cannons of various types.
• They can also be launched by a fixed launcher, used only once or by a fixed launcher secured to a possibly remote-controlled aiming means; in this case, it is not necessary to use a primary means of propulsion.
• the machines can be transported and kept in the storage containers described below which can also serve as a launcher (s) by being associated with a known pointing device.
• the above container according to the invention comprising possibly divergent launching means can be dropped by parachute, bomb or rocket, which will allow it to "mesh" an entire area.
• parachute we will include a delay between shots, to better allow to ensure a multiplicity of objectives.
• a container-launcher Given the rusticity of the device, it is possible to drop a container-launcher. The container-launcher then affects a complex movement of rocking and / or rotation which can be natural or induced.
• the firing of ammunition which can intervene by burst, burst and / or blow by blow can be caused in particular by passive or active directional detection of an objective (Infra-red, laser, radar, etc.) when the detector arranged on the container hung a target during the above complex movements.
• an objective Infra-red, laser, radar, etc.
• the device will be integrated into a conventional projectile by providing it with a retarder adjusted by proximity detection, by delay, or by telemetry or by any other means. This preserves the speed and precision of the conventional projectile by adding the performance of the munition according to the invention. Therefore, the implementation of the invention allows use existing and conventional artillery and rocket launchers.
• the delay can also be based, for example, on a "window system" known to those skilled in the art.
• the devices can be integrated into missiles, possibly rotary, fitted with one or more directional detectors combined with one or more launchers arranged in launch batteries for said devices.
• a detector can have a global, partial or, ultimately, only one launcher action. It is also possible to envisage a single but mobile detector successively controlling each launcher or series of launchers.
• the ammunition according to the invention is particularly suitable for launching by tube possibly perforated for decompression.
• These tubes will be arranged to enable them to implement the devices according to the invention as a function on the one hand of the type of primary charge and on the other hand of the mode of supply, as well as of the mode of firing , problems experienced by those skilled in the art.
• They can be batteries of parallel launchers, convergent or divergent, depending on the desired effect which can also be integrated into a container.
• the firing of the tubes could obviously be provided with any specific firing programming means, with a known sighting device, in particular by telemetry, radar or the like.
• the same launching element such as a tube possibly forming part of a bundle, may contain several munitions in accordance with the invention placed end to end and / or laterally, possibly separated from each other by a heat shield, such as for example a fire-resistant foam.
• elementary launchers such as tubes may be provided with as many ignition points as there are end-to-end ammunition or have a single point ignition, the elementary launcher then comprising a continuous supply device, for example by spring or compressed fluid, bringing each munition successively to the point of ignition of the primary charge.
• a blocking means is provided making it possible to fire only part of the ammunition if desired.
• each elementary launcher can be carried out separately. It is also possible to rearm all the elementary launchers together with suitable containers which may include ammunition of different types, on the model well known to specialists in REYFFIE machine guns. It is thus possible to provide several pathways of the loading containers making it possible to have various types of possible ammunition, with the rapid passage from one to the other. It is generally the design of the device according to the invention, its structure, the small amount of energy involved in the primary charge which allow rapid rates.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a device according to the invention, with a primary load, - Figures 2 to 30 illustrate different variants of implementation of the device.
• the device (1) according to the invention shown in Figure 1 comprises a primary charge (2), an initiating means (3), an explosive charge (4) and a projectile (5).
• the projectile is substantially spherical.
• the load (4) comprises a cavity (6) filled with liquid or paste, according to the essential characteristic of the invention.
• the cavity may have any possible longitudinal section, for example conical, frustoconical or cylindrical, the main thing being that the explosion of this charge results in a propulsion downstream centered on the axis of the device object of the invention.
• the bottom of the cavity can be flat, conye xed, concave or even wavy depending on the desired effects.
• the function of the primary charge (2) is only to disengage the device from the launching means and possibly print a rotation to this assembly. It has been stated previously that this primary charge is optional.
• a possible rotation can be printed to the munition by another means.
• the projectile (5) closes by its section schematically in dotted lines the cavity of the charge. It can be crimped or glued to the outside edge of the cavity.
• the projectile assumes the shape of a javelin (7). It will be understood that multiple forms can be used.
• the device comprises a retarder (8) which keeps the projectile attached to the charge as long as possible. It is for example a simple wire anchored to the explosive.
• Figure 4 another possible structure of the load, which like all the others can be externally cylindrical, the main thing being that it has an axis of symmetry, said axis being coincident with that of the cavity and that of projectile or all of the projectiles.
• the body (9) of the charge is for example cylindrical, but its rear part opposite to the projectile is cut into a point (10) which reinforces the action of the charge excavated without hampering the following projectiles because in this case the forces generated by the explosion upstream are normal to external generators of the tip (10).
• FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment with the projection of several projectiles (11,12,13) of identical or different structures from each other, the main thing being symmetry with respect to the axis.
• the projectile consists of a flock or the like (14) filled with a plurality of balls or the like.
• a stepped excavation 15
• an inner damping sleeve which can be continuous (16) or interrupted (17).
• the projectile is isolated from the load on the edge of the cavity by the continuous sleeve (16) or by an insulating strip (18).
• the devices which have just been described may be arranged, at least at the level of the body of the load, in a rigid case. This case makes it possible to give the device any specific external shape. It may also be a fragmentation coating.
• FIG 8 it is a projectile (19) with fragmentation, with fusible material (20) at the contact between the projectile and the edge of the cavity.
• a damping sleeve (21) will be placed in the cavity.
• Figure 9 there is shown a device (19 ') of the same type as the previous one, but the cavity has a convex bottom (22).
• a projectile (19 ) is shown of the same type as the previous one, but under-calibrated, which gives it a higher speed.
• the fusible material (20) also serves as guidance and the jolted advance (33) of the explosive emits gases which open the road to the projectile.
• the rear pre-guiding of the projectile (19 '' ') is carried out by a sleeve (40) in which the tail of the projectile slides.
• the intermediate hair can be single-component or be multi-component.
• FIG. 15 there is shown a structure identical to that of FIG. 13, with an ovoid projectile (30).
• FIG. 16 a variant has been illustrated with a shot load (31).
• FIG. 17 illustrates an embodiment with a charge having a cylindrical or substantially cylindrical cavity, the projectile (32) being this lightened structure, and possibly of the shot type. Convex bottoms
• FIG. 18 a device is shown of which the cavity has a concave bottom (22) and the inner sides a frustoconical surface (34) flared downstream.
• the outer surface of the explosive (35) is also frustoconical.
• Figure 19 there is shown a device in which the generators of the cavity are curved, convex (36) in a variant, concave (37) in the other as well as the outer surfaces (38) and (39 ) of the explosive.
• Figure 20 there is shown a device in which the projectile is constituted by a plate (39).
• This plate can be homogeneous and possibly autoforgeable or fragmentable or even be composite and include a large number of elementary projectiles held integral with each other by any means such as sandwich and / or hardener.
• This plate can be flat, cone-shaped, parabolic or prismatic depending on the desired effect, provided, however, that its axis of symmetry is that of the load.
• FIG. 21 represents a projectile (40) which is composed by the stacking of the conical plates (41) and (42).
• the plate projectiles can have a concave or convex shape with respect to the charge.
• the rear is in the form of a cone (44) hollowed out inside the projectile; this cone (44) can be extended at its top by a cylinder (45).
• the advantage of this projectile is to better receive the impulse given by the ammunition.
• this projectile may be composite and have its front part (46) harder than its rear and middle part (47).
• the front part can have a variable shape, depending on the desired effects.
• the figure. 23 represents in its charge a projectile (47) derived from that of FIG. 22 without channel (45) and with a rounded front (48) and a concavity with a vilinous cur profile according to the nonlimiting modes of implementation referenced (49) and (50).
• the profile (50) has an inflection point.
• FIG. 24 there is shown a device similar to that of Figure 5 but whose projectiles (11), (12) and (13) are interconnected by a device (59) for securing the projectiles in good position in front the corresponding cavities.
• This device (59) will naturally be destroyed by the explosion of the charge.
• the device (59) can also be profiled forward.
• FIG. 25 represents a conventional projectile according to (19) or (39) which is implemented from a certain number of elementary cavities (51).
• FIGS 26 and 27 there is shown a lug in the middle of the cavity.
• the shape of this lug can be arbitrary provided that it is symmetrical with respect to the axis of the load. The interest of this lug is to avoid focusing the explosion.
• this lug (52) consists of the explosive of the charge or an explosive of different quality
• the lug (54) which is of an inert material is shown.
• Different profiles 53, 54, 56, 57, 58 of this lug are shown by way of example and without limitation.
• Figures 28 to 30 show other embodiments of the invention which, it should be remembered, is based mainly on the hydraulic press effect of a more or less pasty body included in a cavity of an explosive . It is therefore possible to apply the invention to loads which no longer have an axis of symmetry, but a plane of symmetry.
• the device shown in Figure 28 shows two views of a flat explosive cylinder (60), the charge of which is hollowed out around the periphery symmetrically by a groove (61) filled like the cavities described above.
• This flat cylinder is surrounded by a crown made of fragmentable materials (62), intended to be disintegrated by the explosion of the charge (60) and to generate numerous fragmentary projectiles sent radially.
• the priming device (s) are located so that the explosion is balanced and homogeneous.
• the crown (62) can be constituted like the plate-shaped ammunition described above.
• the groove (61) can be replaced by a whole series of small elementary cavities such as 63. This cylinder can also be pierced concentrically and be provided with an annular ignition.
• FIG. 29 shows an annular device which does not send the projectiles in the same plane.
• the cavity is not perpendicular to the axis but positioned on the generator of a cone.
• the devices according to the invention may comprise several superimposed grooves or be formed by a stack.
• Such cylinders can be used to equip mines which may be jumping or be integrated into bombs possibly fitted with a device for setting fire to fire, so as to regulate the height of explosion relative to the so let ot am a pl was created in the wake of a vertically falling bomb.
• This kind of charge can also be placed in shells or missiles.
• Figure 30 depicts a straight load having a width much larger than its height. From these examples, we can multiply the elements and the forms.
• the direction of the projectiles can be adjusted to a certain extent by varying the position of the detonator (s).
• Other modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
• polyester or deformable or breakable annexes but endowed with a certain rigidity which can be incorporated into the munition to position the various constituents and / or isolate them from each other.
• Such additives would make it possible to use pasty or powdery explosives, to seal the pasty bodies from the cavity and to position the munition.
• They can also ensure the profiling of the ammunition and / or comprise, in particular at the front, a device allowing the ignition of the charge by contact or by proximity.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
• Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=25699427

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 1983
  • 1983-05-24 IT IT21260/83A patent/IT1166512B/it active
  • 1983-05-24 PT PT76750A patent/PT76750B/pt unknown
  • 1983-05-24 GR GR71442A patent/GR79290B/el unknown
  • 1983-05-25 ES ES522695A patent/ES522695A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1983-05-25 EP EP83901603A patent/EP0110911A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1983-05-25 JP JP58501759A patent/JPS59501076A/ja active Pending
  • 1983-05-25 WO PCT/FR1983/000101 patent/WO1983004301A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1983-05-25 OA OA58008A patent/OA07439A/xx unknown
  • 1983-05-25 AU AU15551/83A patent/AU1555183A/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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