EP0107011B1 - Process for applying an insulating coating to copper or aluminium strips - Google Patents

Process for applying an insulating coating to copper or aluminium strips Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0107011B1
EP0107011B1 EP83109081A EP83109081A EP0107011B1 EP 0107011 B1 EP0107011 B1 EP 0107011B1 EP 83109081 A EP83109081 A EP 83109081A EP 83109081 A EP83109081 A EP 83109081A EP 0107011 B1 EP0107011 B1 EP 0107011B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
aluminium
copper strip
deposition
guide roller
copper
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EP83109081A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0107011A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Gröppel
Gisela Siemsen
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
    • C25D13/12—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process characterised by the article coated
    • C25D13/16—Wires; Strips; Foils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
    • C25D13/22—Servicing or operating apparatus or multistep processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for producing temperature-resistant insulating layers on aluminum or copper strips in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
  • foils or strips made of aluminum or copper are used for both the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding.
  • the individual tapes are insulated from one another, in particular in the case of high-voltage winding, by high-quality insulating foils, for example made of polyethylene terephthalate (PETP).
  • PETP polyethylene terephthalate
  • the insulating foils previously used in cast-resin-insulated distribution transformers in the coil windings also only allow operating temperatures up to 130 ° C. However, a temperature resistance of up to approx. 155 ° C is aimed for. There is therefore interest in replacing the insulating films with other suitable measures.
  • electrophoresis It is known to produce insulating layers by means of electrophoresis (see: DE-B-1 007 593 and FR-A-1 439867 and «Siemens-Zeitschrift •, 44th year, 1970, pages 231 to 233).
  • electrophoresis solid particles which are dispersed in a more or less insulating medium and which charge at their interfaces with the surrounding medium migrate under the influence of an external electrical field and are then deposited on a metallic base.
  • the electrical conductor for example a metallic wire or a metallic strip
  • the electrical conductor is passed as an anode through a deposition vessel provided with a cathode, which contains a deposition bath, for example in the form of an aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene and an organopolysiloxane resin.
  • a deposition bath for example in the form of an aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene and an organopolysiloxane resin.
  • means for deflecting the conductor can be provided above the deposition vessel and on the bottom thereof.
  • the coated conductor is then passed through a drying device, for example an oven, the layer deposited on the conductor being dried and hardened.
  • the object of the invention is the continuous production of mechanically stable and temperature-resistant insulating layers on aluminum and copper strips, it being particularly important that the edges of the aluminum or copper strips are also completely coated.
  • the device according to the invention enables a continuous coating of the metallic strips.
  • the strips are shielded against the applied electric field in such a way that the solid particles are only separated over a relatively short distance - in the area of the counterelectrode (s).
  • the coated strips then preferably exit the separating device vertically and are subsequently guided into the drying device arranged above the separating device.
  • the solid particles, in particular mica, are so tightly packed in the drying device that a layer is formed which is voltage-resistant up to more than 1 kV.
  • a mica / silicone rubber dispersion or suspension is preferably used in the electrophoresis, i. H. a layer of mica and silicone rubber is applied to the aluminum and copper strips (so-called mica electrophoresis); the metallic strips serve as an anode. This achieves a complete and even coating - including the edges - that is resistant up to 155 ° C.
  • the insulating layers according to the invention meet all the requirements with regard to dielectric strength, temperature resistance, edge coverage, visible thickness and cast resin compatibility, which are placed on the windings of cast-resin-insulated distribution transformers. Aluminum and copper strips provided with such insulating layers are therefore particularly well suited for this application.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, which essentially consists of a separation device 10, a dryer tion device 11, a pulling device 12 and a winding device 13.
  • the aluminum or copper band 14 (with a width of approximately between 5 and 10 cm and a thickness of approximately 0.25 mm), also referred to below as a band, runs from a supply roll 15 via deflection rolls 16, 17 and 18 and through the separation device 10 and from there into the drying device 11.
  • the drying device 11 which has a height of approximately 12 m, is composed of individual tubes 19, which are made of glass, for example.
  • the tubes 19 each have a height of 1.5 m and are sealed off from one another by sealing rings 20, for example made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • sealing rings 20 for example made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • thermal insulation 24 is also attached, which extends approximately over a height of 3.5 m.
  • the heat insulation preferably consists of heat-conducting and heat-insulating layers which are used for heat transport in the axial direction or for heat insulation in the radial direction (materials: copper mesh or asbestos and rock wool).
  • the above-described special configuration of the drying device produces a temperature profile therein, which ensures that, for example, a mica / silicone rubber suspension applied to the belt 14 is dried and cured to a sufficient extent in the time available (approx. 15 minutes) .
  • a temperature of approx. 60 ° C at which drying begins.
  • the temperature then rises from this initial value to a value of approximately 200 ° C. at the beginning of the part of the drying device provided with the thermal insulation; here the insulation layer is completely dried.
  • the temperature rises from 200 ° C. to approximately 260 ° C., the silicone rubber being cured.
  • the band 14 provided with the insulating layer is cooled by means of a suitable device 25, for example by means of a hair dryer, and then reaches the pulling device 12 via two deflection rollers 26 and 27, which ensures a uniform pulling speed of the band (approx. 75 cm / min).
  • the pulling device has a (drive) shaft 28 which is driven by a motor via a gear; the drawing speed can be changed by changing the voltage applied to the motor.
  • a movably mounted roller 29 presses the belt 14 against the shaft 28 and in this way ensures the necessary synchronism.
  • the winding device consists of a rotatably mounted roller 30 with attached pulley 31, which is driven by a DC motor with a gear 32 via a pulley 33 and a drive belt 34 (in the form of a round cord ring) also serves as a slip clutch, is driven.
  • FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the deposition device of the device according to the invention for producing insulating layers.
  • the deposition device 40 which is made, for example, of polymethyl methacrylate, essentially consists of the following parts: a housing 41; a first block 42 arranged on an inner side of the housing 41, which carries a first deflection roller 43 arranged above the actual separation device; a second deflection roller 43, which is arranged approximately in the middle of the separation device; an ordered block 44, in the lower area of which a second deflection roller 45 is attached; a third block 46 arranged parallel to the other two blocks 42 and 44 on the inside of the housing 41.
  • the blocks 42 and 44 or 44 and 46 are each arranged closely adjacent to one another with plane-parallel sides, so that two gaps 47 and 48 are formed in this way.
  • the gaps 47 and 48 each about 5 mm wide, prevent premature separation.
  • the gap 48 widens in the upper area to the actual deposition space 49, which is approx. 10 cm long, approx. 5 cm wide and approx. 7 cm high.
  • the deposition space 49 has two counter electrodes, for example in the form of metal sheets.
  • One counter electrode 50 is attached to block 44, the other counter electrode (not visible in the figure) to block 46, in a manner corresponding to counter electrode 50 and thus also parallel to it.
  • the metallic strip which first runs over the deflection roller 43, then through the gap 47, then over the deflection roller 45 and finally through the gap 48, can be coated on both sides in the deposition space 49. If the coating is to be carried out only on one side of the strip, one of the two counter electrodes, generally the electrode attached to block 46, is omitted. In this case, the gap 48 does not widen in the direction of the block 46, but only in the direction of the block 44, or in such a case the block 46 can be omitted entirely, so that the gap from the block 44 and the opposite housing wall is formed.
  • the dispersion containing the solid particles is fed to the separation device 40 - from a storage container - by means of a hose pump via four connections; two connections 51 and 52 are located on the front of the housing, the other two - in the appropriate position - on the back. In each of the four connections there is a nozzle (diameter: 2 mm) through which the dispersion enters the separation device is injected. In this way, sedimentation of the solid particles can be prevented without the need for stirring.
  • the dispersion rises within the separation device in the gap 48 (and also in the gap 47) and reaches the separation space 49, from which it flows back into the storage container through two slots 53 arranged in each side wall.
  • the discharge height can be varied by a suitable mechanism at the slots 53 and thus the height of the liquid level in the separation space 49 can be changed.
  • the counter electrodes which are made of nickel, for example, are connected to the negative pole of a DC voltage source, so they serve as cathodes.
  • the metallic tape to be insulated serves as an anode and is connected accordingly to the positive pole of the DC voltage source. The contact takes place, for example, in front of the deflection roller 43 (see FIG. 2).
  • a mica / silicone rubber suspension is preferably used for electrophoresis in the deposition device; Mica and silicone rubber are preferably approximately in the ratio of 1: 1.
  • the solid particles are generally suspended in water, but xylene may also be present in the suspension; the solids content of the suspension is preferably about 200 to 250 g / l.
  • the deposition is preferably carried out at a voltage of approx. 80 V. With this deposition voltage and at a pulling speed of approx. 75 cm / min, a liquid height of approx. 15 mm is required in the deposition space, for example, in order to apply insulating layers with a layer thickness of approx. 25 to To get 30 ⁇ m.
  • Aluminum sheets coated under the above-mentioned conditions prove to be stress-resistant - also in long-term tests - both at room temperature and at 155 ° C.
  • a voltage of 220 V and 1000 V was optionally applied to the sheets, which were each clamped between two plastic plates, in such a way that the sheets were continuously, i.e. H. over weeks (approx. 2500 h), a voltage of 220 V was applied and the system was switched to 1000 V several times a day, each for a few seconds.
  • the compatibility of the coated strips with casting resin which is required for use in distribution transformers, was investigated in such a way that two coated aluminum sheets were glued together by means of the casting resin; the resin was then cured at an elevated temperature. The sheets were then firmly connected and could only be separated by force. The connection between the aluminum sheet and the insulation layer was mostly broken, and the insulation layer and casting resin were only separated to a small extent.
  • a dialyzer can advantageously be provided in the device according to the invention, by means of which the electrical conductivity of the dispersion is kept low - by deionization; it is preferably below 500 p.S / cm.
  • the dialysis device is arranged between the storage vessel for the dispersion and the separation device.
  • part of the line through which the dispersion is conveyed to the deposition device can be passed through a dialysis tube, ie. H. a semipermeable membrane.
  • a jacket is placed around the dialysis tube through which pure dispersion medium flows - in the form of distilled water. In this way, ions from the dispersion migrate through the membrane into the water, reducing the conductivity of the dispersion.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

1. Apparatus for applying a temperature-resistant insulating coating to aluminium or copper strips, comprising a device (10; 40) for the electrophoretic deposition of solid particles from a dispersion on to an aluminium or copper strip (14) and a device (11) for drying the layer deposited on to the aluminium or copper strip (14), where the aluminium or copper strip is connected to one pole of a d. c. voltage source and the deposition device (10; 40) has at lest one counter-electrode (50) which is connected to the other pole of the d. c. voltage source and where means (51, 52, 53) for rotating the dispersion are arranged on the deposition device (10; 40) and a first guide roller (17; 43) for the aluminium or copper strip (14) is arranged above the deposition device (10; 40) and a second guide roller (18; 45) is arranged on the base of the deposition device (10; 40) characterised in that between the first guide roller (17; 43) and the second guide roller (18; 45) a first vertical gap (47) is provided for the transport of the aluminium or copper strip (14) and a second vertical gap (48) is provided after the second guide roller (18; 45) ; that the second gap (48) is extended to form a deposition space (49) ; and that the counter-electrode(s) (50) is (are) arranged in the deposition space (49) parallel to the aluminium or copper strip (14) passing through, the aluminium or copper strip (14) being subjected to the electric field essentially only in the region of the counter-electrode(s) (50), but being otherwise screened againts it.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von temperaturbeständigen Isolierschichten auf Aluminium- oder Kupferbändern entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for producing temperature-resistant insulating layers on aluminum or copper strips in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.

Bei gießharzisolierten Verteilungstransformatoren werden sowohl für die Oberspannungswicklung als auch für die Unterspannungswicklung Folien bzw. Bänder aus Aluminium, oder auch aus Kupfer, verwendet. Die einzelnen Bänder sind dabei, insbesondere bei der Oberspannungswicklung, durch hochwertige Isolierfolien, beispielsweise aus Polyethylenterephthalat (PETP), gegeneinander isoliert. Um eine gute Isolierung, insbesondere auch an den Kanten, zu gewährleisten, müssen die Isolierfolien jeweils ca. 3 mm über das Bandende hinausragen. Beim Vergießen der Spulenkörper (bei der Herstellung der äußeren Isolation der Spulen), was beispielsweise mit einer Epoxidharz/Quarzmehl-Mischung erfolgt, besteht dann - infolge des geringen Abstandes der Folien voneinander - aber die Gefahr, daß die überstehenden Folien wie ein Filter wirken und dabei Geißharz und Füllstoff teilweise trennen. Aus diesem Grund ergeben sich nach dem Aushärten des Gieß- . harzes füllstoffärmere und füllstoffreichere Zonen, d. h. Zonen mit unterschiedlicher mechanischer Stabilität. Bei den im Betrieb von Verteilungstransformatoren auftretenden starken thermischen Belastungen, d. h. den starken Temperaturschwankungen, kann die verminderte mechanische Festigkeit aber zu Rißbildungen führen.In cast resin insulated distribution transformers, foils or strips made of aluminum or copper are used for both the high-voltage winding and the low-voltage winding. The individual tapes are insulated from one another, in particular in the case of high-voltage winding, by high-quality insulating foils, for example made of polyethylene terephthalate (PETP). To ensure good insulation, especially at the edges, the insulating foils must protrude approx. 3 mm above the end of the tape. When casting the bobbin (in the manufacture of the outer insulation of the coils), for example with an epoxy resin / quartz powder mixture, there is then - due to the small distance between the foils - but the risk that the protruding foils act like a filter and Partially separate goat resin and filler. For this reason, after the casting has hardened. Resin-poorer and filler-rich zones, d. H. Zones with different mechanical stability. With the strong thermal loads occurring during the operation of distribution transformers, i. H. the strong temperature fluctuations, the reduced mechanical strength can lead to cracking.

Die bislang bei gießharzisolierten Verteilungstransformatoren in den Spulenwicklungen verwendeten Isolierfolien erlauben darüber hinaus nur Betriebstemperaturen bis zu 130 °C. Angestrebt wird aber eine Temperaturbeständigkeit bis zu ca. 155 °C. Es besteht deshalb Interesse an einem Ersatz der Isolierfolien durch andere geeignete Maßnahmen.The insulating foils previously used in cast-resin-insulated distribution transformers in the coil windings also only allow operating temperatures up to 130 ° C. However, a temperature resistance of up to approx. 155 ° C is aimed for. There is therefore interest in replacing the insulating films with other suitable measures.

Es ist bekannt, Isolierschichten mittels Elektrophorese zu erzeugen (siehe : DE-B-1 007 593 und FR-A-1 439867 sowie « Siemens-Zeitschrift •, 44. Jahrg., 1970, Seiten 231 bis 233). Bei der Elektrophorese wandern Feststoffpartikel, die in einem mehr oder weniger isolierenden Medium dispergiert sind und die sich an ihren Grenzflächen gegenüber dem umgebenden Medium aufladen, unter dem Einfluß eines äußeren elektrischen Feldes und werden dann auf einer metallischen Unterlage abgeschieden.It is known to produce insulating layers by means of electrophoresis (see: DE-B-1 007 593 and FR-A-1 439867 and «Siemens-Zeitschrift •, 44th year, 1970, pages 231 to 233). In electrophoresis, solid particles which are dispersed in a more or less insulating medium and which charge at their interfaces with the surrounding medium migrate under the influence of an external electrical field and are then deposited on a metallic base.

Es ist ferner bekannt, elektrische Leiter mittels Elektrophorese mit Isolierschichten zu versehen (GB-A-723 072 und GB-A-1 385 860). Dabei wird der elektrische Leiter, beispielsweise ein metallischer Draht oder ein metallisches Band, als Anode durch ein mit einer Kathode versehenes Abscheidungsgefäß geführt, das ein Abscheidungsbad, beispielsweise in Form einer wäßrigen Dispersion von Polytetrafluorethylen und einem Organopolysiloxanharz, enthält. Zum Führen des Leiters durch das Abscheidungsbad können oberhalb des Abscheidungsgefäßes und an dessen Boden Mittel zur Umlenkung des Leiters vorgesehen sein. Der beschichtete Leiter wird dann durch eine Trocknungseinrichtung, beispielsweise einen Ofen, geführt, wobei die auf dem Leiter abgeschiedene Schicht getrocknet und gehärtet wird.It is also known to provide electrical conductors with insulating layers by means of electrophoresis (GB-A-723 072 and GB-A-1 385 860). The electrical conductor, for example a metallic wire or a metallic strip, is passed as an anode through a deposition vessel provided with a cathode, which contains a deposition bath, for example in the form of an aqueous dispersion of polytetrafluoroethylene and an organopolysiloxane resin. To guide the conductor through the deposition bath, means for deflecting the conductor can be provided above the deposition vessel and on the bottom thereof. The coated conductor is then passed through a drying device, for example an oven, the layer deposited on the conductor being dried and hardened.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die kontinuierliche Erzeugung , mechanisch stabiler und temperaturbeständiger Isolierschichten auf Aluminium-und Kupferbändern, wobei es besonders wichtig ist, daß auch die Kanten der Aluminium- bzw. Kupferbänder vollständig beschichtet sind.The object of the invention is the continuous production of mechanically stable and temperature-resistant insulating layers on aluminum and copper strips, it being particularly important that the edges of the aluminum or copper strips are also completely coated.

Dies wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Vorrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 erreicht.This is achieved according to the invention by a device with the characterizing features of claim 1.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglicht eine kontinuierliche Beschichtung der metallischen Bänder. In der Abscheidungseinrichtung sind die Bänder dabei so gegen das anliegende elektrische Feld abgeschirmt, daß die Abscheidung der Feststoffpartikel nur auf einer relativ kurzen Strecke - im Bereich der Gegenelektrode (n) - erfolgt. Bei dieser Vorrichtung treten die beschichteten Bänder dann vorzugsweise senkrecht aus der Abscheidungseinrichtung aus und werden anschließend in die oberhalb der Abscheidungseinrichtung angeordnete Trockungseinrichtung geführt. Die Feststoffpartikel, insbesondere Glimmer, werden in der Trocknungseinrichtung so dicht gepackt, daß eine Schicht entsteht, die bis über 1 kV spannungsfest ist.The device according to the invention enables a continuous coating of the metallic strips. In the separation device, the strips are shielded against the applied electric field in such a way that the solid particles are only separated over a relatively short distance - in the area of the counterelectrode (s). In this device, the coated strips then preferably exit the separating device vertically and are subsequently guided into the drying device arranged above the separating device. The solid particles, in particular mica, are so tightly packed in the drying device that a layer is formed which is voltage-resistant up to more than 1 kV.

In der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird bei der Elektrophorese vorzugsweise eine Glimmer/Siliconkautschuk-Dispersion bzw. -Suspension eingesetzt, d. h. auf die Aluminium- und Kupferbänder wird eine Schicht aus Glimmer und Siliconkautschuk aufgebracht (sogenannte Glimmer-Elektrophorese) ; die metallischen Bänder dienen dabei als Anode. Hierbei wird eine vollständige und gleichmäßige Beschichtung - auch der Kanten - erreicht, die bis über 155 °C hinaus beständig ist.In the device according to the invention, a mica / silicone rubber dispersion or suspension is preferably used in the electrophoresis, i. H. a layer of mica and silicone rubber is applied to the aluminum and copper strips (so-called mica electrophoresis); the metallic strips serve as an anode. This achieves a complete and even coating - including the edges - that is resistant up to 155 ° C.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Isolierschichten erfüllen insgesamt sämtliche der Anforderungen hinsichtlich Durchschlagsfestigkeit, Temperaturbeständigkeit, Kantenbedeckung, Sichtdicke und Gießharzverträglichkeit, die an die Wicklungen gießharzisolierter Verteilungstransformatoren gestellt werden. Deshalb sind mit derartigen Isolierschichten versehene Aluminium- und Kupferbänder für diesen Anwendungszweck besonders gut geeignet.Overall, the insulating layers according to the invention meet all the requirements with regard to dielectric strength, temperature resistance, edge coverage, visible thickness and cast resin compatibility, which are placed on the windings of cast-resin-insulated distribution transformers. Aluminum and copper strips provided with such insulating layers are therefore particularly well suited for this application.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen.Advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention are the subject of subclaims.

Anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und zwei Figuren soll die Erfindung noch näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments and two figures.

In Figur 1 ist schematisch eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung dargestellt, die im wesentlichen aus einer Abscheidungseinrichtung 10, einer Trocknungseinrichtung 11, einer Zieheinrichtung 12 und einer Wickeleinrichtung 13 besteht. Das Aluminium- bzw. Kupferband 14 (mit einer Breite etwa zwischen 5 und 10 cm und einer Dicke von ca. 0,25 mm), im folgenden auch kurz als Band bezeichnet, läuft von einer Vorratsrolle 15 über Umlenkrollen 16, 17 und 18 sowie durch die Abscheidungseinrichtung 10 und von dort in die Trocknungseinrichtung 11.FIG. 1 schematically shows a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, which essentially consists of a separation device 10, a dryer tion device 11, a pulling device 12 and a winding device 13. The aluminum or copper band 14 (with a width of approximately between 5 and 10 cm and a thickness of approximately 0.25 mm), also referred to below as a band, runs from a supply roll 15 via deflection rolls 16, 17 and 18 and through the separation device 10 and from there into the drying device 11.

Die Trocknungseinrichtung 11, die eine Höhe von ca. 12 m aufweist, setzt sich aus einzelnen Rohren 19 zusammen, die beispielsweise aus Glas bestehen. Die Rohre 19 weisen jeweils eine Höhe von 1,5 m auf und sind durch Dichtungsringe 20, beispielsweise aus Polytetrafluoräthylen, gegeneinander abgedichtet. Im oberen Teil der Trocknungseinrichtung sind zwei Heißluftgebläse 21 und 22 angeordnet, am unteren Ende befindet sich eine Ansaugvorrichtung .23 für die Heißluft. Im oberen Bereich der Trocknungseinrichtung ist ferner eine Wärmeisolierung 24 angebracht, die sich etwa über eine Höhe von 3,5 m erstreckt. Die Wärmeisolierung besteht vorzugsweise aus wärmeleitenden und wärmeisolierenden Schichten, die zum Wärmetransport in axialer bzw. zur Wärmedämmung in radialer Richtung dienen (Materialien : Kupfergewebe bzw. Asbest und Steinwolle).The drying device 11, which has a height of approximately 12 m, is composed of individual tubes 19, which are made of glass, for example. The tubes 19 each have a height of 1.5 m and are sealed off from one another by sealing rings 20, for example made of polytetrafluoroethylene. In the upper part of the drying device two hot air blowers 21 and 22 are arranged, at the lower end there is a suction device .23 for the hot air. In the upper area of the drying device, thermal insulation 24 is also attached, which extends approximately over a height of 3.5 m. The heat insulation preferably consists of heat-conducting and heat-insulating layers which are used for heat transport in the axial direction or for heat insulation in the radial direction (materials: copper mesh or asbestos and rock wool).

Durch die vorstehend geschilderte spezielle Ausgestaltung der Trocknungseinrichtung wird darin ein Temperaturprofil erzeugt, welches gewährleistet, daß beispielsweise eine auf das Band 14 aufgebrachte Glimmer/Siliconkautschuk-Suspension - in der zur Verfügung stehenden Zeit (ca 15 min) - in ausreichendem Maße getrocknet und ausgehärtet wird. Im unteren Bereich herrscht dabei eine Temperatur von ca. 60 °C, bei der die Trocknung beginnt. Von diesem Anfangswert steigt die Temperatur dann bis auf einen Wert von annähernd 200 °C am Beginn des mit der Wärmeisolierung versehenen Teils der Trocknungseinrichtung ; hier erfolgt die vollständige Trocknung der Isolierschicht. Im oberen Bereich der Trocknungseinrichtung steigt die Temperatur von 200 °C bis auf etwa 260 °C, wobei die Aushärtung des Siliconkautschuks erfolgt.The above-described special configuration of the drying device produces a temperature profile therein, which ensures that, for example, a mica / silicone rubber suspension applied to the belt 14 is dried and cured to a sufficient extent in the time available (approx. 15 minutes) . In the lower area there is a temperature of approx. 60 ° C, at which drying begins. The temperature then rises from this initial value to a value of approximately 200 ° C. at the beginning of the part of the drying device provided with the thermal insulation; here the insulation layer is completely dried. In the upper area of the drying device, the temperature rises from 200 ° C. to approximately 260 ° C., the silicone rubber being cured.

Nach Verlassen der Trocknungseinheit 11 wird das mit der Isolierschicht versehene Band 14 mittels einer geeigneten Vorrichtung 25, beispielsweise mittels eines Föns, abgekühlt und gelangt dann über zwei Umlenkrollen 26 und 27 zur Zieheinrichtung 12, die eine gleichmäßige Zuggeschwindigkeit des Bandes gewährleistet (ca. 75 cm/min). Die Zieheinrichtung weist dazu eine (Antriebs-)Welle 28 auf, die über ein Getriebe von einem Motor angetrieben wird ; durch Änderung der am Motor anliegenden Spannung kann die Ziehgeschwindigkeit verändert werden. Eine beweglich gelagerte Rolle 29 drückt das Band 14 gegen die Welle 28 und gewährleistet auf diese Weise den erforderlichen Gleichlauf.After leaving the drying unit 11, the band 14 provided with the insulating layer is cooled by means of a suitable device 25, for example by means of a hair dryer, and then reaches the pulling device 12 via two deflection rollers 26 and 27, which ensures a uniform pulling speed of the band (approx. 75 cm / min). For this purpose, the pulling device has a (drive) shaft 28 which is driven by a motor via a gear; the drawing speed can be changed by changing the voltage applied to the motor. A movably mounted roller 29 presses the belt 14 against the shaft 28 and in this way ensures the necessary synchronism.

Nach der Zieheinrichtung 12 gelangt das Band 14 in die Wickeleinrichtung 13. Die Wickeleinrichtung besteht aus einer drehbar gelagerten Rolle 30 mit angesetzter Riemenscheibe 31, die von einem Gleichstrommotor mit Getriebe 32 über eine Riemenscheibe 33 und einen Treibriemen 34 (in Form eines Rundschnurringes), der gleichzeitig als Rutschkupplung dient, angetrieben wird.After the pulling device 12, the band 14 arrives in the winding device 13. The winding device consists of a rotatably mounted roller 30 with attached pulley 31, which is driven by a DC motor with a gear 32 via a pulley 33 and a drive belt 34 (in the form of a round cord ring) also serves as a slip clutch, is driven.

In Figur 2 ist eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Abscheidungseinrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Isolierschichten dargestellt. Die Abscheidungseinrichtung 40, die beispielsweise aus Polymethylmethacrylat gefertigt ist, besteht im wesentlichen aus folgenden Teilen : einem Gehäuse 41 ; einem ersten, an einer Innenseite des Gehäuses 41 angeordneten Block 42, der eine erste, oberhalb der eigentlichen Abscheidungseinrihtung angeordnete Umlenkrolle 43 trägt ; einem zweiten, etwa in der Mitte der Abscheidungseinrichtung angeordnete Umlenkrolle 43 trägt ; einem ordneten Block 44, in dessen unterem Bereich eine zweite Umlenkrolle 45 angebracht ist ; einem dritten, parallel zu den beiden anderen Blöcken 42 und 44 an der Innenseite des Gehäuses 41 angeordneten Block 46.FIG. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the deposition device of the device according to the invention for producing insulating layers. The deposition device 40, which is made, for example, of polymethyl methacrylate, essentially consists of the following parts: a housing 41; a first block 42 arranged on an inner side of the housing 41, which carries a first deflection roller 43 arranged above the actual separation device; a second deflection roller 43, which is arranged approximately in the middle of the separation device; an ordered block 44, in the lower area of which a second deflection roller 45 is attached; a third block 46 arranged parallel to the other two blocks 42 and 44 on the inside of the housing 41.

Die Blöcke 42 und 44 bzw. 44 und 46 sind jeweils mit planparallelen Seiten eng benachbart zueinander angeordnet, so daß auf diese Weise zwei Spalte 47 und 48 gebildet werden. Die Spalte 47 und 48, die jeweils etwa 5 mm breit sind, verhindern eine vorzeitige Abscheidung. Der Spalt 48 erweitert sich im oberen Bereich zum eigentlichen Abscheidungsraum 49, der ca. 10 cm lang, ca. 5 cm breit und ca. 7 cm hoch ist. Der Abscheidungsraum 49 weist zwei Gegenelektroden auf, beispielsweise in Form von Blechen. Die eine Gegenelektrode 50 ist dabei am Block 44 angebracht, die andere - in der Figur nicht sichtbare - Gegenelektrode am Block 46, und zwar in entsprechender Weise wie die Gegenelektrode 50 und somit auch parallel zu dieser.The blocks 42 and 44 or 44 and 46 are each arranged closely adjacent to one another with plane-parallel sides, so that two gaps 47 and 48 are formed in this way. The gaps 47 and 48, each about 5 mm wide, prevent premature separation. The gap 48 widens in the upper area to the actual deposition space 49, which is approx. 10 cm long, approx. 5 cm wide and approx. 7 cm high. The deposition space 49 has two counter electrodes, for example in the form of metal sheets. One counter electrode 50 is attached to block 44, the other counter electrode (not visible in the figure) to block 46, in a manner corresponding to counter electrode 50 and thus also parallel to it.

Bei der Verwendung von zwei Gegenelektroden kann das metallische Band, das zunächst über die Umlenkrolle 43, dann durch den Spalt 47, anschließend über die Umlenkrolle 45 und schließlich durch den Spalt 48 läuft, im Abscheidungsraum 49 auf beiden Seiten beschichtet werden. Soll die Beschichtung nur auf einer Seite des Bandes erfolgen, so entfällt eine der beiden Gegenelektroden, im allgemeinen die am Block 46 angebrachte Elektrode. In diesem Fall verbreitert sich der Spalt 48 auch nicht in Richtung auf den Block 46, sondern lediglich in Richtung auf den Block 44, bzw. kann in einem solchen Fall der Block 46 ganz entfallen, so daß der Spalt vom Block 44 und der gegenüberliegenden Gehäusewand gebildet wird.When using two counter electrodes, the metallic strip, which first runs over the deflection roller 43, then through the gap 47, then over the deflection roller 45 and finally through the gap 48, can be coated on both sides in the deposition space 49. If the coating is to be carried out only on one side of the strip, one of the two counter electrodes, generally the electrode attached to block 46, is omitted. In this case, the gap 48 does not widen in the direction of the block 46, but only in the direction of the block 44, or in such a case the block 46 can be omitted entirely, so that the gap from the block 44 and the opposite housing wall is formed.

Die die Feststoffpartikel enthaltende Dispersion wird der Abscheidungseinrichtung 40 - aus einem Vorratsbehälter - mittels einer Schlauchpumpe über vier Anschlüsse zugeführt ; zwei Anschlüsse 51 und 52 befinden sich dabei auf der Vorderseite des Gehäuses, die beiden anderen - in entsprechender Position - auf der Rückseite. In den vier Anschlüssen befindet sich jeweils eine Düse (Durchmesser: 2 mm), durch welche die Dispersion in die Abscheidungseinrichtung eingespritzt wird. Auf diese Weise kann eine Sedimentation der Feststoffpartikel verhindert werden, ohne daß ein Rühren erforderlich ist. Die Dispersion steigt innerhalb der Abscheidungseinrichtung im Spalt 48 (und auch im Spalt 47) hoch und gelangt in den Abscheidungsraum 49, aus dem sie durch zwei jeweils in einer Seitenwand angeordnete Schlitze 53 in den Vorratsbehälter zurückfließt. Durch einen geeigneten Mechanismus an den Schlitzen 53 kann die Abflußhöhe variiert und somit die Höhe des Flüssigkeitsspiegels im Abscheidungsraum 49 verändert werden.The dispersion containing the solid particles is fed to the separation device 40 - from a storage container - by means of a hose pump via four connections; two connections 51 and 52 are located on the front of the housing, the other two - in the appropriate position - on the back. In each of the four connections there is a nozzle (diameter: 2 mm) through which the dispersion enters the separation device is injected. In this way, sedimentation of the solid particles can be prevented without the need for stirring. The dispersion rises within the separation device in the gap 48 (and also in the gap 47) and reaches the separation space 49, from which it flows back into the storage container through two slots 53 arranged in each side wall. The discharge height can be varied by a suitable mechanism at the slots 53 and thus the height of the liquid level in the separation space 49 can be changed.

Erfolgt die Beschichtung des metallischen Bandes mit einer Glimmer/Siliconkautschuk-Suspension (deren Feststoffpartikel sind negativ geladen), so werden die Gegenelektroden, die beispielsweise aus Nickel bestehen, mit dem negativen Pol einer Gleichspannungsquelle verbunden, sie dienen also als Kathoden. Das zu isolierende metallische Band dient als Anode und wird entsprechend an den positiven Pol der Gleichspannungsquelle angeschlossen. Der Kontakt erfolgt dabei beispielsweise vor der Umlenkrolle 43 (siehe Figur 2).If the metallic strip is coated with a mica / silicone rubber suspension (the solid particles of which are negatively charged), the counter electrodes, which are made of nickel, for example, are connected to the negative pole of a DC voltage source, so they serve as cathodes. The metallic tape to be insulated serves as an anode and is connected accordingly to the positive pole of the DC voltage source. The contact takes place, for example, in front of the deflection roller 43 (see FIG. 2).

Zur Elektrophorese wird in der Abscheidungseinrichtung, wie bereits ausgeführt, vorzugsweise eine Glimmer/Siliconkautschuk-Suspension eingesetzt ; Glimmer und Siliconkautschuk liegen dabei vorzugsweise annähernd im Verhältnis von 1 : 1 vor. Die Feststoffpartikel sind im allgemeinen in Wasser suspendiert, daneben kann in der Suspension beispielsweise aber auch Xylol vorhanden sein ; der Feststoffanteil der Suspension beträgt vorzugsweise etwa 200 bis 250 g/l. Die Abscheidung erfolgt vorzugsweise bei einer Spannung von ca. 80 V. Bei dieser Abscheidungsspannung und bei einer Zuggeschwindigkeit von ca. 75 cm/min ist im Abscheidungsraum beispielsweise eine Flüssigkeitshöhe von ca. 15 mm erforderlich, um Isolierschichten mit einer Schichtdicke von ca. 25 bis 30 µm zu erhalten.As already stated, a mica / silicone rubber suspension is preferably used for electrophoresis in the deposition device; Mica and silicone rubber are preferably approximately in the ratio of 1: 1. The solid particles are generally suspended in water, but xylene may also be present in the suspension; the solids content of the suspension is preferably about 200 to 250 g / l. The deposition is preferably carried out at a voltage of approx. 80 V. With this deposition voltage and at a pulling speed of approx. 75 cm / min, a liquid height of approx. 15 mm is required in the deposition space, for example, in order to apply insulating layers with a layer thickness of approx. 25 to To get 30 µm.

Unter der vorstehend genannten Bedingungen beschichtete Aluminiumbleche erweisen sich - auch im Dauerversuch - als spannungsfest, sowohl bei Raumtemperatur als auch bei 155 °C. Bei den entsprechenden Versuchen wurde dazu an die Bleche, die jeweils zwischen zwei Kunststoffplatten eingespannt waren, wahlweise eine Spannung von 220 V und 1 000 V angelegt, und zwar in der Weise, daß an den Blechen dauernd, d. h. über Wochen (ca. 2500 h), eine Spannung von 220 V anlag und mehrmals am Tag, jeweils für einige Sekunden, auf 1000 V umgeschaltet wurde.Aluminum sheets coated under the above-mentioned conditions prove to be stress-resistant - also in long-term tests - both at room temperature and at 155 ° C. In the corresponding experiments, a voltage of 220 V and 1000 V was optionally applied to the sheets, which were each clamped between two plastic plates, in such a way that the sheets were continuously, i.e. H. over weeks (approx. 2500 h), a voltage of 220 V was applied and the system was switched to 1000 V several times a day, each for a few seconds.

Die - für die Verwendung in Verteilungstransformatoren erforderliche - Verträglichkeit der beschichteten Bänder mit Gießharz wurde in der Weise untersucht, daß zwei beschichtete Aluminiumbleche mittels des Gießharzes zusammengeklebt wurden ; anschließend wurde das Harz - bei erhöhter Temperatur - ausgehärtet. Die Bleche waren dann fest miteinander verbunden und konnten nur gewaltsam getrennt werden. Dabei löste sich hauptsächlich die Verbindung zwischen dem Aluminiumblech und der Isolierschicht, nur in geringem Maße erfolgte eine Trennung von Isolierschicht und Gießharz.The compatibility of the coated strips with casting resin, which is required for use in distribution transformers, was investigated in such a way that two coated aluminum sheets were glued together by means of the casting resin; the resin was then cured at an elevated temperature. The sheets were then firmly connected and could only be separated by force. The connection between the aluminum sheet and the insulation layer was mostly broken, and the insulation layer and casting resin were only separated to a small extent.

Bei der Elektrophorese muß das Entstehen und die Bewegung von Ionen (als störende Nebenerscheinung) möglichst vermieden werden. Deshalb kann bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung vorteilhaft eine Dialysiereinrichtung vorgesehen sein, durch welche die elektrische Leitfähigkeit der Dispersion - durch Entionisieren - niedrig gehalten wird ; sie liegt vorzugsweise unter 500 p.S/cm. Die Dialysiereinrichtung wird zwischen dem Vorratsgefäß für die Dispersion und der Abscheidungseinrichtung angeordnet. Dazu kann beispielsweise ein Teil der Leitung, durch welche die Dispersion zur Abscheidungseinrichtung gefördert wird, durch einen Dialyseschlauch, d. h. eine semipermeable Membran, ersetzt werden. Um den Dialyseschlauch wird ein Mantel angeordnet, durch den - in Form von destilliertem Wasser - reines Dispersionsmittel strömt. Auf diese Weise wandern Ionen aus der Dispersion durch die Membran in das Wasser, wodurch die Leitfähigkeit der Dispersion gesenkt wird.In electrophoresis, the formation and movement of ions (as a disturbing side effect) must be avoided as far as possible. Therefore, a dialyzer can advantageously be provided in the device according to the invention, by means of which the electrical conductivity of the dispersion is kept low - by deionization; it is preferably below 500 p.S / cm. The dialysis device is arranged between the storage vessel for the dispersion and the separation device. For this purpose, for example, part of the line through which the dispersion is conveyed to the deposition device can be passed through a dialysis tube, ie. H. a semipermeable membrane. A jacket is placed around the dialysis tube through which pure dispersion medium flows - in the form of distilled water. In this way, ions from the dispersion migrate through the membrane into the water, reducing the conductivity of the dispersion.

Claims (5)

1. Apparatus for applying a temperature-resistant insulating coating to aluminium or copper strips, comprising a device (10 ; 40) for the electrophoretic deposition of solid particles from a dispersion on to an aluminium or copper strip (14) and a device (11) for drying the layer deposited on to the aluminium or copper strip (14), where the aluminium or copper strip is connected to one pole of a d. c. voltage source and the deposition device (10 ; 40) has at least one counter-electrode (50) which is connected to the other pole of the d. c. voltage source and where means (51, 52, 53) for rotating the dispersion are arranged on the deposition device (10 ; 40) and a first guide roller (17 ; 43) for the aluminium or copper strip (14) is arranged above the deposition device (10 ; 40) and a second guide roller (18 ; 45) is arranged on the base of the deposition device (10 ; 40) characterised in that between the first guide roller (17 ; 43) and the second guide roller (18 ; 45) a first vertical gap (47) is provided for the transport of the aluminium or copper strip (14) and a second vertical gap (48) is provided after the second guide roller (18 ; 45) ; that the second gap (48) is extended to form a deposition space (49) ; and that the counter-electrode(s) (50) is (are) arranged in the deposition space (49) parallel to the aluminium or copper strip (14) passing through, the aluminium or copper strip (14) being subjected to the electric field essentially only in the region of the counter-electrode(s) (50), but being otherwise screened against it.
2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the drying device (11) is arranged above the deposition device (10) ; and that means (21, 22, 23, 24) are provided to set a rising temperature profile in the drying device (11), in the direction of transport of the aluminium or copper strip (14).
3. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 2, characterised in that, at the upper end of the drying device (11), at least one appliance (21, 22) is arranged for supplying hot air, and a suction device (23) is arranged at the lower end.
4. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 2 or Claim 3, characterised in that the upper part of the drying device (11) has thermal insulation (24).
5. Apparatus as claimed in one or more of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a dialyser device is provided to keep the electric conductivity of the dispersion low.
EP83109081A 1982-09-27 1983-09-14 Process for applying an insulating coating to copper or aluminium strips Expired EP0107011B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83109081T ATE20676T1 (en) 1982-09-27 1983-09-14 DEVICE FOR CREATING INSULATION COATINGS ON ALUMINUM OR COPPER TAPE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3235742 1982-09-27
DE19823235742 DE3235742A1 (en) 1982-09-27 1982-09-27 DEVICE FOR PRODUCING INSULATION LAYERS ON ALUMINUM OR COPPER TAPES

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EP0107011A1 EP0107011A1 (en) 1984-05-02
EP0107011B1 true EP0107011B1 (en) 1986-07-09

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DE (2) DE3235742A1 (en)

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DE3539737A1 (en) * 1985-11-08 1987-05-21 Transformatoren Union Ag Winding for transformers and inductor coils
FR2670397A1 (en) * 1990-12-17 1992-06-19 Pechiney Recherche Improvement to the process for the manufacture of semipermeable membrane on a flexible porous support
US9597747B2 (en) * 2012-11-15 2017-03-21 Afl Telecommunications Llc Methods for applying aluminum coating layer to a core of copper wire

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GB723072A (en) * 1951-10-30 1955-02-02 Gen Electric Improvements in and relating to insulating coatings on conductors
BE671644A (en) * 1964-11-27
CA984331A (en) * 1972-07-27 1976-02-24 Michael A. Dudley Electrocoating process and apparatus
US4162955A (en) * 1978-10-10 1979-07-31 Midland-Ross Corporation Electrodeposition coating apparatus

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ATE20676T1 (en) 1986-07-15
DE3364436D1 (en) 1986-08-14
EP0107011A1 (en) 1984-05-02

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