EP0104669B1 - Construction de fil pour clôture électrique - Google Patents

Construction de fil pour clôture électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0104669B1
EP0104669B1 EP83110522A EP83110522A EP0104669B1 EP 0104669 B1 EP0104669 B1 EP 0104669B1 EP 83110522 A EP83110522 A EP 83110522A EP 83110522 A EP83110522 A EP 83110522A EP 0104669 B1 EP0104669 B1 EP 0104669B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fence wire
electric fence
wire construction
support member
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83110522A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0104669A3 (en
EP0104669A2 (fr
Inventor
Felix Kurschner
Richard L. Goodings
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Technical Fabrics Canada Ltd
Original Assignee
Bay Mills Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bay Mills Ltd filed Critical Bay Mills Ltd
Priority to AT83110522T priority Critical patent/ATE29189T1/de
Publication of EP0104669A2 publication Critical patent/EP0104669A2/fr
Publication of EP0104669A3 publication Critical patent/EP0104669A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0104669B1 publication Critical patent/EP0104669B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B5/008—Fence-wire not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B5/08—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope
    • H01B5/10—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved electric fence wire construction for use by cattlemen, farmers, and others.
  • Electric fence wire constructions carry an electric charge which shocks animals upon contact with the outer surface of the construction and tends to prevent their crossing the fence. These constructions are strung from fence posts or other convenient attachment points. They may be used as perimeter fencing to enclose animals or to keep out predators. They may also be used to subdivide pastures temporarily to insure that they are grazed uniformly, in which case the electric fence wire construction may be taken down and restrung every few days forcing animals to graze different strips of land in regular rotation.
  • the electric fence wire construction of this invention comprises both support members and conductive members which should have several inter-related, special characteristics to perform well.
  • the wire construction should be abrasion resistant, sufficiently light in weight to be portable, and flame resistant (that is to say, self- extinguishing or unable to support combustion). It should be reasonably flexible, yet strong, should knot without breaking, and should hold a knot without slipping. Because these wire constructions may be relocated several times, they should resist wear not only while in use, but also during handling when they are taken down and put up for relocation to another site.
  • the conductive members should have a high degree of conductivity and be sufficiently malleable to perform satisfactorily in splicing. Furthermore, electric fence wire constructions should retain these properties when subjected to extremes of weather and temperature over long periods.
  • the wire construction should resist fading, corrosion, and loss of strength in blizzards at less than -50°F (-46°C) and direct sunlight at about 100°F (38°C), and have a low coefficient of linear expansion to resist contraction when cold and sagging when warm.
  • the invention is claimed in independent claims 1, 2, 8, 21, 25, 27 and can solve or mitigate these problems and provides additional advantages, It makes possible the use of low-stretch, lightweight support members, conductors with superior conductivity, and provides electric fence wire constructions with superior flame resistance, superior strength, superior resistance to wear and weathering, and superior knotting characteristics.
  • the use of low stretch supporting materials is effective in preventing fracture of the conductor significantly before breaking of the entire fence wire construction.
  • the present invention comprises (a) an elongated support member which comprises a core material and a coating and (b) an elongated conductive member.
  • the core material of the support member provides a significant amount of strength to the support member.
  • a single coating may be applied around each strand of supporting material.
  • strands may be coated or impregnated with a material of low viscosity such that each individual filament as well as the entire group is encapsulated, for example using a resinous solution or latex.
  • the coating may be applied using any one of various methods, including extrusion and crosshead extrusion, or it may be applied as a liquid using polyvinyl chloride in the form of a plastisol, organosol, latex or other solution or dispersion, by dip-coating, curtain coating, or other method, metering off any excess if necessary, and then drying, fusing or curing, depending upon the requirements of the solution or dispersion.
  • the resulting coated strand preferably has a total diameter of about 20 mils (500 pm).
  • coatings include plastics or rubbers such as polyurethanes, acrylics and polyesters chosen for their good weather resistance, flame retardahce, ability to receive color and color fastness, ability to impart good knot holding characteristics (i.e., not slippery), or abrasion or fracture resistance. These coatings may be solid or plastic foams.
  • the support member we prefer to use is fiberglass coated with a polyvinyl chloride which includes flame inhibitors of the kind known for use with polyvinyl chloride.
  • a polyvinyl chloride which includes flame inhibitors of the kind known for use with polyvinyl chloride.
  • flame resistant, strong, low-stretch, and capable of holding a knot well It also has reduced problems of abrasion and loss of strength in knotting due to stress fracture, which fiberglass alone would exhibit.
  • Such composites have been proven in outdoor use as insect screens to have superior characteristics of resistance to weathering and fading, but we are aware of no previous use in electric fence wire construction or under the full range of conditions to which electric fence wire constructions are subject.
  • the conductive member we prefer to use is aluminum wire, and we find most preferable wire drawn from an alloy which has on its surface a metallurgically bonded aluminum alloy coating that is anodic to the core and thus electrolytically protects the core against corrosion, such as known at present in the industry as Alclad 5056.
  • the alloy composition of Alclad 5056 is as follows: 0.30% silicon, 0.40% iron, 0.10% copper, 0.05-0.20% manganese, 4.5%­5.6% magnesium, 0.05-0.20% chromium, 0.10% zink, 0.15% others, remainder aluminum.
  • an electric fence wire construction 1 comprises yarns 2 which are plied together.
  • Each yarn 2 is made up of coated support members 3 and conductive members 4 which are twisted together.
  • the support members comprise filaments 5, which may be fiberglass, and a coating 6, which may be polyvinyl chloride.
  • the coated support members 3 and the conductive members 4 are braided together.
  • the individual yarns in our invention may preferably be twisted from about one to about six turns per inch and the final yarns plied in a yarn from about one-half to six turns per inch.
  • the electric fence wire construction of the present invention may be braided or twisted and plied on conventional machines such as those used for twine or rope.
  • the designation 37 indicates that 3700 yards of the fiberglass weigh one pound.
  • the 1/0 indicates that the number of twisted strands plied together is one and the number of single strands twisted in continuous filaments is zero.
  • the individual filaments making up a single strand of 37 1/0 may number between 800 and 1600 and may be either G (9 micrometers diameter) or DE (6 micrometers diameter).
  • the fiberglass we use is typically continuous filament made from electrical grade glass. Fiberglass weights may range from about 18 1/3 (or 1500 tex) to about 150 1/0 (or 33 tex), where tex indicates the number of grams per thousand meters of the particular fiber.
  • fiberglass fibers in uncoated condition come with chemical sizes (surface finishes containing some chemical constituents other -than water) applied by the manufacturer. These may be starch sizes or preferably lubricating hydrophobic sizes which keep water from the glass and lubricate the individual filaments to reduce abrasion.
  • Glass is also desirable for its low coefficient of linear expansion, for example, typically about 5 x 10- 6 centimeters per centimeter per degree centigrade.
  • steel has a factor of about 10 x 10- 6
  • aluminum a factor of about 20 x 10- s
  • polypropylene about 80 X 10- 6 centimeters per centimeter per degree centigrade.
  • Support members have very low stretch, less than about four to five percent elongation of single filaments before breaking.
  • Materials for such members include fiberglass.
  • High modulus, high tenacity poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) fiber such as Kev- lar-type aramid fibers, and high tenacity rayon fibers may also be used.
  • Supporting materials with up to about ten percent elongation of single filaments at break are also desirable, and supporting materials of up to about thirty percent elongation of single filaments at break may be used.
  • Support member core fibers may include polyester, nylon, and other materials, particularly where their stretch properties are kept below thirty percent.
  • Aluminum used in our invention is preferably about 0.010 inches (0.0254 cm) in diameter but may range in diameter from about .005 inches (0.0127 cm) to about .020 inches (0.0508 cm).
  • the construction of this invention has superior properties in that it resists weathering and has superior conductivity.
  • electric fence wire construction in the prior art using uncoated olefins lost its strength after two years of outdoor use, whereas fence wire construction of the present invention should not.
  • Electric fence wire construction of this invention is resistant to stretching, and particularly the supporting fibers are resistant to stretching, so that the conductor and the supporting fibers in our tests break at substantially the same time, which makes broken conductors easy to locate.
  • the wire construction of this invention has also been found in our testing to knot well, and to resist stress fracture, abrasion, and flames.
  • the conductor is sufficiently malleable to perform well in splicing.
  • stainless steel wire construction was typically plied as four strands polyethylene to one strand of stainless steel wire construction to make up a yarn. Three of these yarns were then plied together to make the final electric fence wire construction, which therefore contained a total of three ends of stainless steel conductor and twelve ends of supporting fiber of polyethylene or polypropylene. In some of this prior art, the stainless steel wire construction had been over-fed to make it lie loosely in the polyethylene supporting fibers.

Landscapes

  • Fencing (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Claims (28)

1. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique, comprenant:
a) un élément support allongé (3) comportant une matière d'âme (5), qui donne une résistance mécanique importante à l'élément support (3), et une matière de revêtement (6) qui recouvre la matière d'âme (5); et
b) un élément conducteur allongé (4) placé à côté de l'élément support (3) et supporté par celui-ci, une partie substantielle de l'élément conducteur (4) apparaissant à la surface extérieure de la structure.
2. Installation de fil pour clôture électrique, comprenant un élément support allongé (3) et un conducteur électrique allongé (4) torsadé ou tressé en combinaison avec l'élément support (3) de sorte que l'élément support (3) supporte le conducteur (4), une partie substantielle de la surface du conducteur (4) étant exposée, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément support (3) comporte une âme (5) et un revêtement (6) appliqué sur l'âme (5) pour protéger l'âme (5) de l'abrasion engendrée par son utilisation dans une installation de fil pour clôture électrique.
3. Fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la matière de revêtement (6) possède une résistance à l'abrasion sensiblement plus grande que celle de la matière d'âme (5).
4. Fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la matière de revêtement (6) possède une résistance aux ruptures dues au nouage sensiblement plus grande que celle de la matière d'âme (5).
5. Fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la matière de revêtement (6) possède une résistance aux intempéries qui est d'un degré sensiblement supérieur à celui de la matière d'âme.
6. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la matière de l'âme (5) est de la fibre de verre.
7. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la matière de revêtement (6) est du chlorure de polyvinyle.
8. Dispositif de fil pour clôture électrique comprenant un élément support allongé (3) et un conducteur électrique allongé (4) torsadé ou tressé en combinaison avec l'élément support (3) de sorte que l'élément support (3) supporte le conducteur (4), une partie substantielle de la surface du conducteur apparaissant à l'extérieur, caractérisé en ce que l'élément support (3) est en une matière qui se casse pour une déformation longitudinale inférieure à la déformation de rupture du conducteur (4).
9. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'élément support (3) a un allongement à la rupture qui est sensiblement égal ou inférieur à l'allongement à la rupture de l'élément conducteur (4).
10. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la matière de l'âme (5) a un allongement à la rupture des filaments individuels de l'ordre de 30% ou moins.
11. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la matière de l'âme (5) a un allongement à la rupture des filaments individuels de l'ordre de 10% ou moins.
12. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la matière de l'âme (5) a un allongement à la rupture des filaments individuels de l'ordre de 5% ou moins.
13. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la matière de revêtement (6) possède une résistance à l'abrasion sensiblement supérieure à celle de la matière de l'âme (5).
14. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la matière de revêtement (6) possède une résistance aux ruptures dues au nouage sensiblement plus grande que celle de la matière de l'âme (5).
15. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la matière de l'âme (5) est de la fibre de verre.
16. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la matière de revêtement (6) est du chlorure de polyvinyle.
17. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que l'élément conducteur (4) comprend une région d'âme centrale conductrice, de résistance mécanique élevée, et un revêtement conducteur résistant aux intempéries.
18. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que -!'élément conducteur (4) comprend une région d'âme centrale en matière conductrice et une couche de surface en matière conductrice, cette couche étant anodique par rapport à la matière conductrice de la région d'âme centrale à laquelle elle est liée, de sorte que l'âme centrale est protégée électrolytiquement contre la corrosion.
19. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 18, caractérisée en ce que l'élément conducteur (4) est essentiellement en aluminium ou alliages d'aluminium.
20. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 18, caractérisée en ce que la région d'âme centrale est en alliage d'aluminium de type 5056.
21. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique comprenant une pluralité de torons d'une matière support (3) et une pluralité de torons d'une matière conductrice (4), les torons des deux matières (3, 4) étant assemblés par tressage, ou retorsion et torsade, une partie substantielle de la matière conductrice (4) apparaissant à la surface extérieure de la structure, caractérisée en ce que la matière support (3) comporte un revêtement (6).
22. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 21, caractérisée en ce que le revêtement (6) possède des propriétés améliorées de résistance à l'abrasion ou résistance à la rupture, par rapport à la matière support.
23. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 19, caractérisée en ce que l'élément support allongé (3) comprend au moins deux torons qui sont torsadés avec au moins deux filaments de l'élément conducteur (4) pour former des fils individuels, et au moins deux de ces fils sont torsadés ensemble pour constituer ladite structure complète de fil pour clôture électrique.
24. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 23, caractérisée en ce que l'élément support (3) comprend une matière du type fibre de verre revêtue avec du chlorure de polyvinyle, et la matière conductrice est de l'aluminium.
25. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique comprenant un élément support allongé (3) et un conducteur électrique allongé (4), torsadé ou tressé en combinaison avec l'élément support (3) de sorte que l'élément support (3) supporte le conducteur (4), une partie substantielle de la surface du conducteur (4) apparaissant à l'extérieur, caractérisée en ce que le conducteur (4) comprend essentiellement une région d'âme centrale conductrice, de résistance mécanique élevée, et une couche extérieure conductrice résistant aux intempéries.
26. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 25, caractérisée en ce que ledit conducteur (4) comprend essentiellement de l'aluminium ou des alliages d'aluminium.
27. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique comprenant un élément support allongé (3) et un conducteur allongé (4), torsadé ou tressé en combinaison avec l'élément support (3) de sorte que l'élément support (3) supporte le conducteur (4), une partie substantielle de la surface du conducteur (4) apparaissant à l'extérieur, caractérisée en ce que ledit conducteur (4) est essentiellement en aluminium ou alliages d'aluminium.
28. Structure de fil pour clôture électrique suivant la revendication 27, caractérisée en ce que ledit conducteur (4) comprend une région d'âme centrale en alliage d'aluminium de type 5056 et une couche de surface en matière conductrice, cette couche étant anodique par rapport à la matière conductrice de la région centrale à laquelle elle est liée, de sorte que l'âme centrale est électrolytiquement protégée contre la corrosion.
EP83110522A 1983-09-13 1983-10-21 Construction de fil pour clôture électrique Expired EP0104669B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83110522T ATE29189T1 (de) 1983-09-13 1983-10-21 Drahtkonstruktion fuer elektrischen zaun.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US53172083A 1983-09-13 1983-09-13
US531720 1983-09-13

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0104669A2 EP0104669A2 (fr) 1984-04-04
EP0104669A3 EP0104669A3 (en) 1984-07-11
EP0104669B1 true EP0104669B1 (fr) 1987-08-26

Family

ID=24118775

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83110522A Expired EP0104669B1 (fr) 1983-09-13 1983-10-21 Construction de fil pour clôture électrique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0104669B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE29189T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU549777B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1176885A (fr)
DE (1) DE3373236D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4905969A (en) * 1983-09-13 1990-03-06 Bay Mills Limited Electric fence wire construction
CA1270516A (fr) * 1984-10-18 1990-06-19 Felix Kurschner Cloture de fil electrifiee
US4819914A (en) * 1985-07-05 1989-04-11 All Line, Inc. Electrical fence for livestock
NZ217168A (en) * 1986-08-11 1990-03-27 Gallagher Electronics Ltd Electric fence wire: different filaments provide high electrical conductivity and fatigue resistance
FR2625599A1 (fr) * 1987-12-31 1989-07-07 Frapier Denis Lignes de cloture electrique en fibres associees a plusieurs metaux
FR2638061B1 (fr) * 1988-10-24 1992-08-14 Schoutteten Froidure Sa Ruban electrifie pour clotures d'enclos
GB9713105D0 (en) * 1997-06-20 1997-08-27 Ixos Limited An electrical cable and method of manufacturing the same
DE69800670T2 (de) 1997-06-20 2001-07-12 Ixos Ltd., Thame Elektrisches kabel und sein herstellungsverfahren

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3067569A (en) * 1957-02-28 1962-12-11 Dow Chemical Co Electrical conductors and methods of manufacture thereof
GB1074621A (en) * 1963-01-12 1967-07-05 Gourock Ropework Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to electrical current conductors
FR2180504B3 (fr) * 1972-04-19 1975-06-20 Gilbert John
US4097686A (en) * 1973-08-04 1978-06-27 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Aktiengesellschaft Open-air or overhead transmission cable of high tensile strength

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Aluminium Standards and data 1982, The Aluminium Association Inc. p. 95 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE29189T1 (de) 1987-09-15
AU549777B2 (en) 1986-02-13
CA1176885A (fr) 1984-10-30
DE3373236D1 (en) 1987-10-01
EP0104669A3 (en) 1984-07-11
EP0104669A2 (fr) 1984-04-04
AU2192583A (en) 1985-03-21

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