EP0102872A1 - Device for operating a door in two successive steps, and door equipped with such a device - Google Patents

Abstract

The device comprises a motor (8) and a shaft (7) coupled to the leaf-opening mechanism. Interposed between the two is a screw (11) connected in terms of rotation to the motor (8), but freely rotatable relative to the shaft (7). A follower (16) interacting with the screw (11) has a lateral stud (51) which can bear on a finger (54) fixed to the shaft (7) when the follower (16) is adjacent to the shaft (7) and against a longitudinal stop (52) in all the other positions. The follower (16) is coupled to the leaf-locking mechanism by means of a lever (27) and a cable (36). The invention is used for operating a door leaf at the same time ensuring that it is automatically released after opening and locked after closing. <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention relates to a device for operating a door in two successive phases controlled respectively by a first and a second operating mechanism from a motor.

The present invention also relates to a door thus equipped.

Many types of leaves cannot be operated in one movement. They may, for example, be leaves locked in one of the extreme positions, and it is therefore necessary to ensure unlocking before leaving this position.

It can also be leaves having a complex movement which cannot be ensured by acting in one way on the leaf. There are, for example, tilting leaves which pass from the vertical closed position to a horizontal open position by displacement of their upper edge in a horizontal plane while the lower edge lifts towards this plane. For this purpose, the lateral edges of the leaf often have two opposite tenons engaged in slides arranged along the lateral edges of the opening. To operate such a leaf from the closed position, it is first necessary to stress the upper part of the leaf horizontally, then stress its lower part upwards. The vertical stress would be ineffective at the start of movement, and similarly the horizontal stress would be ineffective at the end of movement.

They can also be watertight sliding doors which are used in particular for access to cold rooms or operating rooms, or even for inter-circulation in high-speed railway wagons. Their weight is generally important.

These doors must ensure a total seal, that is to say distributed as well on the side of the door located near the ground as on the three other sides formed by the frame of the opening to be closed.

We know how to achieve such a seal by giving the door, at the end of the closing stroke, a downward movement, to crush a seal forming a seal under the door. This downward movement is possibly combined with an application movement on the wall to crush a joint on this wall along the three other sides of the door.

We know from FR-A- 2 312 632 operating a tilting leaf from a jack whose piston controls, by means of a first mechanism, the vertical movement of the tenons in the slides and whose body is slidably mounted and coupled to a second mechanism ensuring the initial spacing between the upper edge of the leaf and that of the opening at the start of the opening operation, and the reverse movement at the end of the closing operation.

However, this device has the drawback of requiring actuation by jack which is not always desired for reasons of space, supply of pressurized fluid, maintenance and the like. On the other hand, this device is not advantageous in all applications because the force provided by the jack in the two phases of the movement is necessarily the same. It will be understood that in the case of the watertight door for example, it takes a much greater effort to lift the door from the closed position than to make it slide horizontally thereafter.

According to the invention, the device is characterized in that the motor is rotary, and in that the device comprises a screw secured to the shaft of motor outlet and interposed between the motor and a shaft connected to the first mechanism, a threaded nut mounted on the screw and coupled in translation to the second operating mechanism which is movable with the nut between an extreme position corresponding to one of the extreme positions of the door and a transition position corresponding to a state of transition of the door in which the movement control passes from one of the operating mechanisms to the other, means for counteracting the free rotation of the nut with the screw when the nut is at a distance from its transition position, and means for coupling the screw in rotation with the shaft when the nut is in the transition position.

Starting from the extreme position of the nut and the corresponding extreme position of the door, the engine is started. The free rotation of the nut being thwarted, the nut moves to its transition position, bringing, by means of the second mechanism, the door into the transition state. The transition state can for example be either a partial opening state, or a state where the leaf is still closed, but unlocked.

There is then direct coupling between the screw and the shaft, and the movement of the door continues through the first mechanism.

Thus, the operation in two phases no longer requires the use of a jack. In addition, by choosing a suitable pitch for the screw, it is easy to adjust the force ratio in the two phases of the maneuver so as to use a motor of minimum power taking into account the desired duration for the complete maneuver.

In the above operation, the second mechanism served for the first phase of the maneuver in one direction. In some cases, the second mechanism is of little use in the reverse maneuver. This is the case, for example, for certain watertight doors where the first mechanism alone allows the door to be brought back to the low closing position since it is then helped by the weight of the leaf. In other cases, it is on the contrary desirable or necessary for the second mechanism to intervene at the end of the reverse maneuver, for example to finish by a horizontal action on the upper edge of the leaf, the operation of closing a door. tilting. In this case, the device further comprises means which, when the nut is in the transition position, offer some resistance to the return of the nut to the extreme position.

Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description below.

• . la figure 1 est une vue en perspective avec arrachement d'un premier mode de réalisation où le.dispositif est attelé d'une part au mécanisme d'ouverture et de fermeture de la porte, et d'autre part au mécanisme de verrouillage de la porte;
• . la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale du dispositif de la figure 1, selon le plan II-II de la figure 3, en cours d'ouverture du vantail;
• . la figure 3 est une vue de dessus du dispositif de la figure 2;
• . la figure 4 est une vue en coupe transversale selon le plan IV-IV de la figure 2, du dispositif des figures 2 et 3;
• . la figure 5 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 4, mais au cours de la fermeture du vantail;
• . la figure 6 est une vue analogue à la figure 3, mais relative à la position fermée verrouillée du vantail;
• . la figure 7 est le schéma électrique de l'installation;
• . la figure 8 est une vue en perspective d'une variante pour la réalisation des moyens de couplage entre la noix et le disque;
• . la figure 9 est une vue analogue à la figure 8, montrant l'ergot de la noix en train de s'échapper lorsque le vantail est fermé mais non encore verrouillé;
• . la figure 10 est une vue en perspective d'une porte basculante équipée d'un second mode de réalisation du dispositif selon l'invention, le vantail étant partiellement ouvert;
• . la figure 11 est une vue de dessus du dispositif de la figure 10 lorsque le vantail est fermé;
• . la figure 12 est une vue analogue à la figure 11, lorsque le second mécanisme est en position de transition;
• . la figure 13 est une vue de profil du dispositif, avec coupe du bras oscillant, de la biellette et du levier selon la ligne XIII-XIII de la figure 11;
• . les figures 14 et 15 sont deux vues partielles montrant le levier et la came avec laquelle il coopère dans deux positions entrebaillées du vantail;
• . la figure 16 est une vue partielle en perspective d'une variante du dispositif des figures 14 et 15, dans la position fermée et dans deux positions entrebaillées du vantail; le levier étant omis dans ces dernières;
• . la figure 17 est une vue de face schématique d'une porte étanche coulissante équipée d'un dispositif selon l'invention; et
• . la figure 18 est une vue en perspective de la noix, la vis et l'arbre du dispositif de la figure 17.

In the appended drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples:

• . Figure 1 is a perspective view with cutaway of a first embodiment where the device is coupled on the one hand to the mechanism for opening and closing the door, and on the other hand to the locking mechanism of the door;
• . Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the device of Figure 1, along the plane II-II of Figure 3, during the opening of the leaf;
• . Figure 3 is a top view of the device of Figure 2;
• . Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along the plane IV-IV of Figure 2, of the device of Figures 2 and 3;
• . Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Figure 4, but during the closing of the leaf;
• . Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 3, but relating to the closed locked position leaf;
• . Figure 7 is the electrical diagram of the installation;
• . Figure 8 is a perspective view of a variant for producing the coupling means between the nut and the disc;
• . Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 8 showing the lug of the nut escaping when the leaf is closed but not yet locked;
• . Figure 10 is a perspective view of a tilting door equipped with a second embodiment of the device according to the invention, the leaf being partially open;
• . Figure 11 is a top view of the device of Figure 10 when the leaf is closed;
• . Figure 12 is a view similar to Figure 11, when the second mechanism is in the transition position;
• . Figure 13 is a side view of the device, with section of the swinging arm, the link and the lever along the line XIII-XIII of Figure 11;
• . Figures 14 and 15 are two partial views showing the lever and the cam with which it cooperates in two ajar positions of the leaf;
• . Figure 16 is a partial perspective view of a variant of the device of Figures 14 and 15, in the closed position and in two ajar positions of the leaf; the lever being omitted in the latter;
• . Figure 17 is a schematic front view of a sliding waterproof door equipped with a device according to the invention; and
• . FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the nut, the screw and the shaft of the device in FIG. 17.

In the example shown in Figures 1 to 7, the device is used to actuate a door locked on closing. Thus, in the opening direction, the two successive phases of the operation are the unlocking and then the opening of the leaf. In the closing direction, the two successive phases are closing the leaf and then locking.

In this example, the door comprises a leaf 1 which, in the closed position, is locked by a locking device 2 arranged in the middle of the upper edge of the opening.

By suitable guide means, not shown, the leaf 1, formed of articulated segments, can pass by vertical sliding, from the closed vertical position shown in FIG. 1, to an open position in which the leaf is in a horizontal position, substantially at the upper edge of the opening. The leaf is driven from one to the other of these positions by a first operating mechanism comprising a chain 3. At the upper corner of the opening shown in FIG. 1, one of the strands of the chain 3 passes around a return pinion 4, while the other strand passes around a motor pinion 6 linked in rotation to a shaft 7 directed perpendicular to the plane of the opening. The shaft 7 is intended to be driven in rotation by an electric motor 8.

A screw 11 (Figures 2 to 6) is interposed between the output shaft 12 of the motor 8 and the aforementioned shaft 7. The screw 11 is coaxial with the shafts 7 and 12, and it is linked in rotation to the shaft 12. On the other hand, it is free in rotation relative to the shaft 7. On the side of the shaft 7, the screw 11 is supported by a plain bearing 13 arranged in a sleeve 14, keyed at the end of the shaft 7.

On the screw 11, a nut 16 is mounted which has on the wall of its central bore 17 a thread which cooperates with that of the screw 11. At its end directed towards the motor 8, the nut 16 carries an end piece 18 connected to the nut 16 proper by a shoulder 19. On the 'end piece 18, are threaded a polymer washer 21 pressed against the shoulder 19, and a metal washer 22 supported, on the motor side 8, against a stop ring 23. Between the washers 21 and 22 are engaged two opposite studs 24, perpendicular to the screw 11 (Figures 3 and 4). The pins 24 are fixed to the two parallel arms 26 of a lever 27 forming part of the second operating mechanism, according to the invention. The two arms 26 are welded to a sleeve 28 keyed to a shaft 29 perpendicular to the screw 11 and parallel to the studs 24. The shaft 29 is pivotally mounted in the two side walls 31 of a housing 32, having a profile in U, to which the motor 8 is fixed. Thus, the rotation of the shaft 29 is controlled by the translation of the nut 16.

At one of its ends and outside the housing 32, the shaft 29 is rigidly connected to another lever arm 33 directed opposite the arms 26. the end 34 of a cable 36 is fixed to the arm 33 in a position distant from the axis 29. The cable 36 which is mounted in a sheath 37 whose end is stopped at 38, relative to the housing 32, is directly connected to the locking mechanism 2 of the leaf 1 (FIG. 1). This mechanism is of the type in which unlocking takes place, by means of compression of a return spring 39.

As best shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a tensioning device 41 is articulated by one of its ends at the end 40 of the arm 33 opposite the shaft 29. The other end of the device 41 is articulated at 43 to a bracket 42 fixed to the side wall 31 adjacent to the U-shaped housing 32. In one position mean not shown of the lever 27, the line of action of the device 41 intersects the axis of the shaft 29, the points 40 and 43 then being located on either side of the shaft 29. The device 41 comprises a compression spring 44 mounted between two cups 46 and 47. The cup 46 located on the side of the bracket 42 is in abutment at the bottom of a stirrup 48 hinged directly to the lever arm 33. The stirrup 48 is mounted with slide, relative to a rod 49 connected to the bracket 42, and to the other end of which the cup 47 is fixed.

At its axial end directed towards the shaft 7, the nut 16 carries a lug 51 directed radially. This is intended to cooperate with a stop 52 formed by a cutout in the side wall 31 of the housing 32 opposite the tensioning device 41. The stop 52, which is bent at 90 ° relative to the wall 31, extends over a certain length, from the end of the U-shaped housing 32 adjacent to the shaft 7. The stop 52 extends substantially in a plane passing through the screw 11 and parallel to the shaft 29.

At its end directed towards the motor 8, the sleeve 14 (FIG. 2) rigidly carries a disc 53 coaxial with the screw 11 and the shaft 7. Between the disc 53 and the end of the U-shaped housing 32, and in particular between this disc 53 and the end of the stop 52 directed towards it, is provided with a free space L sufficient for the lug 51 to be entirely released from the stop 52 when the nut 16 is in the so-called "transition" position, in which it is in abutment against the disc 53.

In a position spaced from its axis, the disc 53 carries a finger or roller 54 (FIGS. 3 to 5) which projects less than L in the direction of the motor 8. The finger 54 is sufficiently distant from the axis of the mechanism so as not to not be struck by the nut 16 proper, when it is in abutment against the disc 53. However, this distance is small enough that the finger 54 can cooperate with the lug 51 of the nut 16.

As best shown in Figure 3, the wall 31 of the housing 32 which already carries the stop 52 carries under it a CHS contact, controlling the change of direction of rotation of the motor 8. The other wall 31 carries an FCL contact controlling when the engine stop is actuated 8. Each of the arms 26 carries a plate 58 for actuating the contact CHS or FCL on the adjacent wall 31 ′. The CHS contact is actuated by the associated wafer 58 when the nut 16 is in the vicinity of its transition position (adjacent to the disc 53), but not quite in this position. For its part, the FCL contact is actuated when the nut 16 is in its so-called "extreme" position in which it is adjacent to the motor 8 (FIG. 6).

FIG. 7 shows the electrical diagram of the device in the case where the motor 8 is single-phase, with an input terminal N for the neutral and two input terminals M and D on one or the other of which the phase can be connected by means of an inverter 56, depending on whether it is desired that the motor 8 rotates in the direction of raising or lowering of the leaf respectively. The inverter 56 is normally closed on line D. Furthermore, on the linen N there is a normally open breaking contact 57.

The switching circuit includes a voltage source V. Between this and the earth are mounted c in order the relay 58 controlling the contact 57, a self-maintenance contact 59 of the relay 58, the FCL contact, an FCO contact which is open when it detects the end of the leaf 1 opening, and a push button contact A allowing in all circumstances to cut the power to the motor 8. Between the source V _C and a point 61 located between the relay 58 and the contact 59, in parallel with the relay 58, are mounted in series the relay 62 for controlling the inverter 56, and its contact self-maintenance 63. A push button D, normally open, used to start the engine in the direction of descent, is mounted between point 61 and a point 64 located between the FCO contact and button A. A diode 66 is mounted between point 61 and earth terminal 67 of relay 62, its direction going from point 61 to point 67. Between points 67 and 64, a push button is normally mounted in parallel open M used to start the motor in the upward direction, and on the other hand, the normally open contact CHS in series with an FCF contact which is opened by the leaf when the latter is closed but not necessarily locked.

We will now describe the operation of the device which has just been described in detail.

When the door is closed and locked, the nut 16 is in abutment in the position called "extreme", adjacent to the motor 8 (Figure 6). The arm 33 of the lever 27 is then directed obliquely towards the shaft 7, so that the cable 36 is relaxed and the locking of the leaf 1 is therefore effective. For its part, one of the arms 26 actuates the contact FCL which is therefore open so that none of the relays 58 and 62 is energized, and the contact 57 being open, the motor is not supplied.

To open the door, press the button M which short-circuits the open FCL and 59 contacts and allows the powering of the relays 58 and 62, which causes the closure of the contacts 57, 59 and 63 as well as the reversal inverter 56.

The motor 8 therefore starts in the direction of ascent but at this stage it only drives the screw 11 because it is not secured to the shaft 7. In this starting position, the line d action of the tensioning device 41 passes on the side of the shaft 29 opposite the motor 8, so that the device 41 urges the nut 16 towards the motor 8. For reasons which will be seen later, at the start, the lug 51 of the nut 16 is in abutment on the upper face of the stop 52. In view of the aforementioned stress on the device 41 , and of the direction of rotation (represented by the arrow m in FIG. 6) of the motor 8 on ascent, the nut 16 does not tend to move along the screw 11 but on the contrary tends to turn with it . It therefore performs an almost complete turn until the lug 51 comes to bear under the stop 52 (situation shown in phantom in Figure 4). Consequently, the nut 16 can no longer rotate with the screw 11 and it must therefore move longitudinally towards the disc 53, while the lug 51 slides on the stop 52. As soon as the contact FCL is no longer actuated by the associated wafer 58, the button M can be released and the supply of relays 58 and 62 continues through contacts 59, FCL and FCO. When the nut 16 approaches the disc 53, the contact CHS is closed by one of the arms 26, but this has no effect since the leaf 1 is always closed, the contact FCF is open.

The nut 16 then reaches the end of the race against the disc 53, in the so-called "transition" position. During its movement from its so-called "extreme" position, it brought with it the lever 27 by means of the pins 24. The lever 27 pulled on the cable 36, so that the door is now unlocked.

In addition, at this stage, the lug 51 escapes the stop 52 because it is in the space L which separates the housing 32 from the disc 53. After a possible fraction of a turn, the lug 51 meets the worn finger 54 by the disc 53. Consequently, the rotation caused by the motor 8 continuing, the nut 16, in abutment against the disc 53, must rotate with it, so that the shaft 7 is in direct engagement with the motor 8 and the opening of leaf 1 begins, while the FCF contact closes.

When the opening is complete, the FCO contact opens, so that the relays 58 and 62 are no longer supplied, the motor 8 is no longer either. The assembly therefore remains stopped in the position shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the locking mechanism 2 remaining open.

Given the position now occupied by the lever 27, the line of action of the tensioning device 41, which behaves like a bistable spring now passes between the shaft 29 and the motor 8, so that it urges the nut 16 to tree 7.

To close the leaf 1, the push button D is pressed. The relay 58 is supplied by this button which short-circuits the contacts 59 and FCO currently open. On the other hand, thanks to the diode 66, the relay 62 is not supplied, so that the inverter 56 supplies the input D (descent) of the motor. The screw 11 is therefore rotated in the opposite direction to the aforementioned direction m. Given the stress exerted by the device 41, the nut 16 tends to rotate with the screw 11 and not to return to the motor 8. It thus performs an almost complete revolution until it comes to bear on the 'other side of the finger 54 (Figure 5) after which it immediately drives the shaft 7 in the direction of descent. As soon as the descent has started, the FCO contact closes and button D can be released.

The total closure takes place without problem since the locking mechanism 2 is kept open. Immediately, the FCF contact opens. The shaft 7 can no longer rotate, the nut 16 starts again towards the motor 8 despite the resistance offered by the device 41. When the lug 51 escapes the finger 54 (Figure 5) and possibly after a fraction of a turn, it comes into support against the face of the stop 52, opposite to that against which he was leaning during his journey towards the shaft 7. This support forces the nut 16 to continue its path towards the motor 8, which causes the progressive relaxation of the spring 39 and finally the locking of the leaf 1 In passing, one of the arms 26 of the lever 27 temporarily actuates the contact CHS, but this has no effect, since the contact FCF is then open. When the nut 16 reaches its end of travel on the motor side 8, the other arm 26 of the lever 27 causes the contact FCL to open, which interrupts the supply of the motor 8.

Returning to the phase of descent of the panel 1, if the latter encounters an obstacle such as a vehicle engaged in the opening, the shaft 7 is blocked, and the nut 16 must therefore start again towards the motor 8 as if the leaf 1 was closed. But as soon as the contact CHS is closed when the adjacent arm 26 passes, the relay 62 is energized since the contact FCF is then closed. The inverter 56 then causes the supply of the terminal M of the motor which immediately starts again in the opposite direction until the leaf 1 is fully open. We can then clear the opening and then ensure the complete closing of leaf 1.

In the variant shown in Figures 8 and 9, the finger 54 is replaced by a flexible leaf spring 74 in the circumferential direction of the disc 53. In addition, the disc 53 carries a cap 76 which at least partially covers the lug 51 when that -this bears against the spring 74 in the direction of closing the leaf. The spring 74 is a leaf spring fixed to the periphery of the disc 53, and it has, near its free end, a tongue 77 directed towards the motor 8 and by which, when it is at rest, it bears against the cap 76. The spring 74 can therefore only flex in the direction of rotation corresponding to the closing of the leaf 1.

At the opening (dashed lines in FIG. 8), the spring 74 pressed against the cap 76 behaves like a rigid finger for driving the shaft 7.

On closing, the stiffness of the spring 74 is sufficient for the coupling between the nut 16 and the disc 53 to be effectively ensured. On the other hand, when the shaft 7 is immobilized, either because it encounters an obstacle, or because the leaf 1 is closed, the spring 74 is deformed until the lug 51 comes completely out of the cap 76, this which allows the nut 16 to start again towards the motor 8. This situation is shown in FIG. 9.

The arrangement of FIGS. 8 and 9 makes it possible to lighten or even eliminate the tensioning device 41.

In the example of FIGS. 10 to 16, the arrangements according to the invention are applied to a door whose rectangular leaf 81 carries on its lateral edges two opposite aligned tenons 82 each engaged in a vertical slide 83 extending along the edges vertical of the opening. The tenons 82 are for example at the limit of the lower third of the panel 81. At the limit of the upper third of the panel 81, the lateral edges of the latter are each articulated to a rod 84 whose other end is articulated substantially at the upper corner opening correspondent.

In addition, a shaft 86 is rotatably mounted along the upper edge of the opening and carries rigidly at each end, beyond the lateral edges of the opening, a pulley 87 used for returning a cable 88, one end of which is attached to one of the studs 82 and the other end is attached to a counterweight 89.

Thanks to this arrangement, the movement of the panel 81 is such that its upper edge 91 moves substantially in a horizontal plane. When he is wide open, the panel 81 is itself substantially lying in this plane passing through the upper edge of the opening.

A leaf thus mounted passes from the fully closed position to the fully open position in two successive phases. From the closed position, the upper edge 91 shifts horizontally without the pins 82 moving appreciably in the slides 83 (1st phase), then the lestons 82 go up in the slides 83 while in the vicinity of the position of total opening, the edge 91 hardly moves any more. Thus, it would be ineffective to want to initiate the movement by stressing the panel vertically from below. We can therefore think of pulling the upper edge horizontally, but this will become ineffective at the end of the movement. It is therefore very difficult to find a single maneuver performing the operation completely. The application of the device according to the invention makes it possible to carry out the maneuver in two phases from a single motor movement. As shown in FIG. 10, this device 92 is mounted on a horizontal plate 93 overhanging the opening on the side (which should be called inner side) towards which the edge 91 moves during the opening of the leaf 81.

As in the example in FIGS. 1 to 9, the device comprises an electric motor 8 which can rotate in both directions, a screw rigidly and coaxially coupled to the output shaft 12 of the motor 8, a nut 16 engaged on the screw 11 The nut 16 carries laterally a lug 51 cooperating with a longitudinal stop 52 with two faces. The stop 52 prevents the free rotation of the nut 16 with the screw 11 except when (Figure 12) the nut 16 is in its position of relative distance from the motor 8 (transition position).

Unlike the embodiment of Figures 1 to 9, the shaft 97 driving the first mechanism 96 is rigidly fixed to the screw 11. In the example shown, the shaft 97 is constituted by a non-threaded extension of the screw 11 in the direction opposite to the motor 8.

The first mechanism 96 comprises two wheels with coplanar chains 98.99, surrounded by a chain 101. The wheel 98 is fixed on the shaft 86, which is parallel to the shaft 97. The wheel 99 is fixed on the latter and there is positioned axially to serve as a stop defining the transition position of the nut 16, which in this example is the position remote from the motor 8.

The nut 16 comprises a tube 102 to which is fixed the lug 51 and in which is crimped a nut 103 cooperating with the screw 11. In the end of the tube 102 opposite the motor 8 is also crimped a ring 104 of freely sliding support and rotatable on the shaft 97. The distance between the nut 103 and the ring 104 is chosen so that the ring 104 always rests on the shaft 97 (and not on the screw 11) even when the nut 16 is in its position extreme (Figure 11).

At its end directed towards the wheel 99, the tube 102 still rigidly carries, for its coupling with the second mechanism 106, two washers 21 and 22 whose axial spacing is chosen to allow engagement between them, with a slight clearance, d a roller 107 carried rotatably by the vertical articulation axis F between an oscillating arm 109 and a link 111 both forming part of the second mechanism.

The swinging arm 109 is articulated by a vertical axis E to the plate 93. The link 111 is articulated by a vertical axis G to a lever 112 articulated to the plate 93 by a vertical axis H. Viewed from above, the axis E is d one side of the screw 11 and the axes G and H are on the other side of the screw 11.

For a good layout, the arm oscillating 109 and the link 111 are mounted between the screw 11 and the plate 93. A tension spring 113 is mounted between a point 114 of the plate 93 and a point 116 of the link 111.

At its free end, the lever 112 carries on its underside two rollers 117, 118 with vertical axes, intended to cooperate with a cam 119 shaped as an arch fixed by its ends 121 (FIG. 10) in the vicinity of the middle of the upper edge 91 of the leaf 81. The ends 121 are bent so that, apart from these, the arch 119 extends in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the panel 81 and located beyond the edge 91 of the panel 81. The arch 119 protrudes relative to the face of the panel 81 which is below when the panel 81 is open. The arch 81 is profiled along three sides of a rectangle connected by two angles, one of which, pointing substantially towards the axis H, is replaced by a bevel 122.

We will now describe the operation of the device of Figures 10 to 13, specifying certain features which will be better understood below.

In the closed position of the leaf 81, the roller 118 (fig. 11) is applied externally against the arch 119 while the roller 117 is engaged in the arch 119. The nut 16 is in its extreme position. Seen from above, the axes EFG are substantially aligned while the axes FGH make a salient angle towards the motor 8. The spring 113, whose line of action then passes substantially through the axes G and H, does not exert torque on the rod 111 around the axis G, nor on the lever 112 around the axis H. Any opening force exerted on the edge 91 of the leaf 81, is transmitted by the roller 118 to the lever 112 in the form of a torque clockwise which would amount to moving point G towards point E. However, this does not result in any movement because the rotation of the lever 112 is prevented by the alignment of the link 111 and of the arm 109. The leaf is therefore locked in the closed position (it is of course possible to reinforce this locking by any additional means such as lock, electric strike synchronized with the motor 8, etc.) .

To open the leaf 81, the electric motor 8 is rotated in a direction such that the nut 16, immobilized in rotation by pressing the lug 51 on the stop 52 moves towards its transition position, that is to say say moves away from the motor 8.

During this movement, the nut 16 drives the roller 107 which, by means of the link 111, pulls the lever 112 clockwise (seen from above as in FIGS. 11 and 12). The free end of the lever 112 therefore departs from the panel 81 until the roller 117, coming into engagement with the central part of the hoop 119, pulls the hoop and consequently the panel 81.

This situation is shown in Figure 14 where we see how, thanks to the bevel 122, the inclination of the line JK passing through the axes J and K of the rollers 117 and 118 can become almost parallel to the panel 81 without the roller 118 does not hook the hoop 119.

During this movement of the lever 112, the shaft 86 is driven by the chain 101 at an excessive speed relative to the still very low speed at which the tenons 82 rise in the slides 83. This difference in speed is caught up by slipping of the pulleys 87 in the cables 88. The pulleys 87 and cables 88 thus behave as a controlled friction device.

When the nut 16 reaches its transition position, in abutment against a flange 120 of the shaft 97 to which the wheel 99 is fixed, the lever ₁₁ 2 has then pivoted so that the roller 118 is completely outside the trajectory of hoop 119 (figure 15). At this stage, the axis F occupies the position F ^I determined by the position of the nut 16. This position F 'can correspond to two positions G' and G "(fig. 11) taking into account the distances FG and GH. The spring 113 which is more relaxed when G is in G 'rather that in G ", forces the axis G to take the position G '. The spring does not have for this significant effort to overcome because this movement can take place when the panel 81 is no longer engaged with the lever 112, and because on the other hand the roller 107 has a slight clearance between the washers 21 and 22.

When the axis G is at G ', the lever 112 is pressed against a stop 123. In addition, the angles EF'G' and F'G'H are projecting in the direction opposite to the motor 8, the second however being close to d 'a flat angle.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 12, the motor 8 continuing to rotate, drives the nut 16 in rotation, the lug 51 of which escapes the stop 52, as well as the shaft 86 which, via the cables 88 , raises the pins 82 with the help of the counterweights 89, until the panel 81 is fully opened.

As shown in FIG. 15, at the start of this second phase of the movement, the arch 119 was released without any difficulty from the roller 118, as we have seen, but also from the roller 117 which escapes through the open side of the roll bar. The upper edge 91 of the panel 81 is passed under the rollers 117 and 118 without hanging them.

To close the door, the motor 8 is started in the other direction. Given the configuration described above of the broken line EF'G'H, this rotation of the screw 11 cannot cause the nut 16 to return to its extreme position. Indeed, any tendency to such a return causes a bracing of the lever 112 against the stop 123.

The nut 16 therefore remains in the transition position, while the shaft 86 is driven so as to raise the counterweights 89 with the help of the weight. of panel 81. The first phase of closing is thus exactly the reverse of the second phase of opening. The arch 119, after having avoided the roller 118 which has remained in its position in FIG. 15, engages with the roller 117 and causes the lever 112 to rotate anti-clockwise. This changes the axis G from G 'to G "(Figure 11), position in which the angle F'G" H is projecting towards the motor 8, unlike the angle F'G'H. The conditions by which the tendency for the nut 16 to return to its extreme position caused the lever 112 to buttress against the stop 123 are therefore defeated. In addition, the screw 11 being reversible, the nut 16 is pulled by the lever 112 to its extreme position so that the lug 51 engages the stop 52. The subsequent rotation of the screw 11 causes the complete return of the nut 16 towards its extreme position while the roller 118, coming into contact with the bevel 122, pushes the leaf 81 to the fully closed position shown in FIG. 11.

In the variant embodiment of FIG. 16, everything is identical to the embodiment of FIGS. 10 to 15, except for the hoop 119, and the end of the lever 112 which now only has one roller 117.

The arch 119 protrudes as previously from the face of the panel located below when the door is open. Outside of its bent ends 121 fixed to the panel 81 in the manner described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 14, the arch 119 is shaped so as to constitute a curved slide having a section 119a directed parallel to the panel 81, and a section d exhaust 119b which, from section 119a, is directed towards the panel and open at the end opposite to section 119a. From the section 119b, the section 119a is directed sensibly opposite the axis H of the lever 112.

In the closed position of the leaf 81 (situation I in FIG. 16), the roller 117 is engaged in the section 119a and applied against the arch 119 so as to lock the leaf in the closed position.

When the motor 8 is started in the direction of opening, the roller 117, which describes an orbital movement around the axis H, urges the arch 119 in the direction of the opening of the upper edge 91 of the leaf 81 at the same time as it goes back and forth at the bottom of the section 119a (situations II and III). At the end of this round trip, the roller 117 is opposite the section 119b, the leaf is therefore driven by the first mechanism while, the arch 119 continuing its movement, the roller 117 escapes by the open end of the section 119b.

In the second closing phase, the section 119b captures the roller 117, and the bottom of the section 119b (situation III) gives the lever 112 the initial movement necessary, as we saw above, to defeat the arcing conditions. button 112 and to engage the lug 51 on the stop 52. Then the lever 112 is driven by the nut 16 to the situation I corresponding to the complete closing of the leaf 81. This embodiment makes it possible to reduce the clearance between the lever 112 and the leaf 81 during the movement phases controlled by the second mechanism.

In the embodiment of Figures 17 and 18, the device according to the invention is used to operate a door with a sliding sliding leaf in the closed position.

As shown in FIG. 17, the leaf 131 comprises a horizontal upper beam 132 to which are rigidly fixed, in the vicinity of the two lateral edges of the leaf, two vertical columns 133, 134 each of which carries at its upper end a roller with an axis of horizontal rotation 136, 137. Each roller 136, 137 is mounted to rolling on a respective raceway 138, 139 each of which has a hozizontal closing zone 138a, 139a, then a sloping zone 138b, 139b, followed finally by a horizontal zone 138c, 139c, going to the location occupied by the rollers in the fully open position of the leaf 131. The raceway 138 assigned to the roller 136 which is behind the other in the direction of opening is offset downward relative to the other path 139 by a height equal to the difference in level provided by the sloping zones 138b, 139b. The length of column 134 is correspondingly increased relative to column 133.

When the leaf 131 is closed, it crushes under its own weight a seal (not shown) which it carries on its lower edge. This crushing is however limited by the support of the rollers 136 and 137 on the zones 138a and 139a of the tracks 138 and 139. To open the door, it is necessary, in a first phase of the movement, that the rollers 136 and 137 climb the slopes 138b and 139b respectively, which requires a fairly large climb effort, as a result of which, in a second phase, the rollers must roll along the zones 138c and 139c, which requires a much less effort.

These two phases are accomplished from the motor 8 driving as previously a screw 11 on which is mounted a nut 16 identical to that of FIGS. 10 to 15 except that it is devoid of lugs such as 51 and that, instead of be slidably and rotatably mounted on the shaft 97, it is slidably mounted without the possibility of mutual rotation on a tubular shaft 147 of square section (FIG. 18) rotatably mounted on the shaft 97. For this purpose, the ring 104 has a square opening corresponding to the section of the shaft 147. The length of the tube 102 of the nut 16 is sufficient so that the nut 16 can go to its transition position without there being any obstacle by abutment of the nut 103 against the tubular shaft 147.

The first mechanism 141 comprises two wheels with coplanar chains 142, 143 surrounded by a chain 140. One of the wheels 142 is fixed to the end of the shaft 147 opposite the motor 8, the other 143 is fixed to the end of a screw 144 extending horizontally under the beam 132, parallel to the latter, and cooperating with two nuts 145, 146 engaged in stirrups 148, 149 arranged at the lower end of the columns 133, 134 respectively. Columns 133, 134 are thus. vertically slidable relative to the nuts 145, 146, but are linked in horizontal translation to these and prevent them from turning with the screw 144.

The second mechanism 151 comprises a lever 152 articulated at a fixed point 153, carrying at its free end a roller 154 engaged between the washers 21 and 22, and also carrying, between the point 153 and the roller 154, a roller 156 which is substantially pressed against the front end of the beam 132 when the second mechanism 151 is in its extreme position and the leaf 131 is in the closed position.

• Partant de la position de fermeture représentée en trait plein à la figure 17, le moteur 8 est mis en route dans le sens de l'ouverture. La vis 144 oppose une forte résistance à la rotation de sorte que la noix 16, liée en rotation à l'arbre tubulaire 147 est contrariée dans sa tendance à tourner avec la vis 11. La noix 16 se déplace donc vers sa position de transition, entraînant avec elle le levier 152 qui pousse le vantail 131 d'une façon beaucoup plus efficace, car beaucoup plus démultipliée que ne le pourrait la vis 144 seule. A mesure que les galets 136 et 137 gravissent les pentes 138b et 139b sous l'effort du levier 152, la vis 144 suit le mouvement, fournissant sa part d'effort et entraînant de plus une rotation lente de l'arbre tubulaire 147, de sorte que la progression de la noix 16 vers sa position extrême est ralentie et la démultiplication du mouvement, donc l'effort du levier 152 accrue. L'ensemble fonctionne ainsi à la manière d'un différentiel agissant entre les deux mécanismes 141, 151.

The operation is as follows:

• Starting from the closed position shown in solid lines in FIG. 17, the motor 8 is started in the direction of opening. The screw 144 opposes a strong resistance to rotation so that the nut 16, linked in rotation to the tubular shaft 147 is thwarted in its tendency to rotate with the screw 11. The nut 16 therefore moves towards its transition position, carrying with it the lever 152 which pushes the leaf 131 in a much more efficient way, because much more geared than the screw 144 alone could. As rollers 136 and 137 climb the slopes 138b and 139b under the effort of the lever 152, the screw 144 follows the movement, providing its share of effort and also causing a slow rotation of the tubular shaft 147, so that the progression of the nut 16 towards its position extreme is slowed down and the gearing down of the movement, therefore the effort of the lever 152 increased. The assembly thus operates in the manner of a differential acting between the two mechanisms 141, 151.

When crossing slopes 138b and 139b, the nuts slide vertically in the stirrups 148 and 149.

The dimensions and arrangements are such that the slopes 138b and 139b are crossed by the rollers 136 and 137 when the nut 16 is in the transition position. Consequently, the first mechanism 141 is sufficient to move the leaf 131 along the horizontal zones 138c and 138c. The beam 132 moves away from the roller 156. The transmission of the movement takes place via the screw 11, the nut 16, the tubular shaft 147 and the chain 140.

On returning to the closed position, the motor 8 is started in the opposite direction. The nut 16 first returns to its extreme position without any useful effect on the leaf 131. Consequently, the nut 16, which can no longer undergo translation, becomes integral in rotation with the screw 11, and therefore causes the screw 144 to rotate. in the closing direction. The leaf 131 finally crosses the slopes 138b, 139b under the effect of its own weight.

We have seen throughout the description that the invention provides a safe, inexpensive and above all space-saving means for operating a door in two successive phases automatically.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples described and shown, and numerous modifications can be made to these examples, without depart from the scope of the invention.

In the examples of Figures 1 to ⁷ , one could in particular provide that the nut carries several lugs and / or that the disc carries several fingers, and / or that the housing has several longitudinal stops. All this would have the effect of reducing the extent of unnecessary rotations of the nut, between the moment when it rests on the stops and the moment when it is engaged with the shaft 7.

Furthermore, provision can be made for the shaft 7 to form an angle with the screw 11, and to cooperate with the nut 16 by bevel gears.

In the example of FIGS. 8 and 9, it is possible to ensure that the finger 74 is rigid but that the cap 76 is flexible in the axial direction.

The differential mounting between the first and the second mechanism, in particular as described with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18, could have been adopted in the previous examples.

Claims (21)

1. Device for operating a door in two successive phases controlled respectively by a first (3,4,6,96,141) and a second (27,41,36 to 38; 106,151) operating mechanisms from a motor (8 ), characterized in that the motor (8) is rotary, and in that the device comprises a screw (11) integral with the output shaft (12) of the motor (8) and interposed between the motor (8) and a shaft (7,97,147) connected to the first mechanism (3,4,6,96), a threaded nut (16) mounted on the screw (11) and coupled in translation to the second operating mechanism (27,41,36 to 38,106 , ₁ 5 ₁ ) which is movable with the nut (16) between an extreme position corresponding to one of the extreme positions of the door and a transition position corresponding on the door to a transition state in which the movement control passes from one of the operating mechanisms to the other, means (51, 52, 147) for counteracting the free rotation of the nut (16) with the screw (11) when the nut (16) is at a distance d e its transition position, and means (51,54,97,147) for coupling the screw (11) in rotation with the shaft (7,97,147) when the nut (16) is in the transition position. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises means (27,41,42,74,76,109,111 to 113) which, when the nut (16) is in the transition position, oppose a certain resistance to the return of the nut (16) to the extreme position. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the means opposing a certain resistance to the return of the nut (16) comprise a spring (44,113) which biases the second mechanism (27,36 to 38) towards its transition position at least when it is in the vicinity of the latter. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the spring (44) is part of a bistable device (41) so that it also biases the second mechanism towards its extreme position, when the second mechanism (27, 36 to 38) is in the vicinity of the latter. 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the second mechanism (27, 36 to 38) comprises a lever (27) which, at a distance from its pivot axis (29), is connected to the nut (16) and to which, at a second location distant from its axis, is attached one of the ends of the bistable device (41) whose other end (43) is mounted to oscillate at a fixed point. 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the second mechanism comprises a transmission cable (36) or the like attached to the lever (27) at a distance from its pivot axis (29). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the means for countering the free rotation of the nut with the screw comprise a lateral projection (51) fixed to the nut (16) and intended to bear on a stop (52) having two opposite stop faces, substantially parallel to the screw (11), and in that the stop (52) has one end positioned axially relative to the screw (11) so that the projection (51 ) carried by the nut (16) escapes the stop (52) when the nut (16) is in its transition position. 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the means for coupling in rotation between the nut (16) and the shaft (7) comprise at least one finger (54, 74) fixed to the shaft (7) and positioned so as to cooperate with the projection (51) fixed to the nut (16) when this projection (51) has escaped from the stop (52). 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a cap (76) fixed to the shaft (7) so as to cover at least partially the projection (51) of the nut (16), when '' it is supported on the finger (74) in the direction of movement of the leaf (1) towards the phase controlled by the second mechanism, and in that the cap (76) or the finger (74) can move away elastically so as to let escape the projection (51) of the nut (16), beyond a certain force threshold. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first (141) and the second (151) Mécanismessont coupled by differential means (147, 104). 11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the nut (16) is axially slidable relative to the shaft (147) but linked in rotation to the latter, while the screw (11) is free in rotation relatively to the tree (147). 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the shaft (97) is linked in rotation to the screw, and in that the first mechanism comprises a friction-controlled transmission device (87, 88) between the shaft (97) and the leaf (81). 13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the two phases of the leaf maneuver are two successive phases of its movement between open and closed positions, characterized in that the second mechanism comprises a lever (112) with fixed axis (H) for actuating the leaf (81), a swing arm (109) with fixed axis (E), a link (111) articulated to the lever (112) and to the swing arm (109 ) away from their fixed axes (E, H), means (21, 22, 107) for coupling in translation between the nut (16) on the one hand and the articulation (F) between the link (111) and the swinging arm (109) on the other hand, stop means (123) limiting the stroke of the lever (112) on the side of the transition position, and means (117, 119) d drive of the lever (112) in transition position to its extreme position by the leaf (81) when the latter passes from the phase of its movement controlled by the first mechanism (96) to that controlled by the second mechanism (106) , and in that, in the transition position of the second mechanism (106), the ideal broken line (EF 'G'H) joining the fixed axis of the swinging arm (E) to the fixed axis (H) of the lever (112) passing through the axes (F, G) of the link (111) forms, to the right of the latter two angles (EF'G ') and (F'G'H) such that a force applied to the nut (16) towards its extreme position arch-lever the lever (112) against the stop means (123). 14. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that a clearance is provided between the nut (16) and the articulation (F) of the link (111) with the swinging arm (109). 15. Device according to one of claims 12 or 13, applied to the operation of a tilting leaf (81) whose upper edge (91) moves substantially horizontally and whose lower part moves in a generally vertical direction, characterized in that the fixed axis (H) of the lever (112) is substantially vertical and in that the leaf during the phase of its movement controlled by the second mechanism (106) has its upper edge (91) coupled to the lever ( 112) by a curved slide system (119a, 119b) comprising at one end an exhaust (119b) allowing the panel (81) to pass from one phase to the other of its movement. 16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, applied to the operation in two successive phases of movement of a tilting leaf (81) associated with: . means (84) for guiding its upper edge substantially in a substantially horizontal plane; . means (82, 83) for guiding the leaf (18) at a distance from its upper edge substantially along a vertical plane; . a shaft (86) parallel to the upper edge of the opening and rotatably mounted in the vicinity of said upper edge; . at least one balancing device (89) urging upwards the lower part of the panel (81) by means of a flexible drive means (88) bypassing a pulley (87) rotatably connected to the aforementioned shaft (86), characterized in that the shaft (97) of the device is coupled in rotation to the shaft (86) carrying the pulley (87), and in that the second mechanism (106) comprises a drive lever (112) can be coupled to the upper edge (91) of the leaf (81) by means (117, 119) allowing the leaf (81) to escape towards the phase of its movement controlled by the shaft (97) of the first mechanism ( 96) when the lever (112) is in the transition position. 17. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the first mechanism (3,4,6) is a leaf drive mechanism (1) between open and closed positions , and in that the second mechanism (27,41,36 to 38) is coupled to a locking device (2) which is in the unlocked position when the second mechanism is in the transition position. 18. Device according to one of claims 1 to ₁ 1, applied to the operation in two successive phases of movement of a door leaf (131) watertight, slidingly movable in a movement phase directed obliquely upwards from a tightly closed position and a substantially horizontal translational phase to a fully open position, characterized in that the second mechanism ( 151) is constituted so as to be in engagement with the leaf (131) during the phase of oblique movement in the direction of opening, and in that the first mechanism (141) comprises means (144 to 146) driving the leaf (131) in translation during the substantially horizontal translation phase. 19. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, in which the second mechanism controls an operating phase adjacent to the closed position of the leaf, characterized in that it comprises a contact (CHS) actuated when the nut is at a small non-zero distance from its transition position and controlling when the change of direction of rotation of the motor (8) is activated, and a contact (FCF) actuated by the leaf (1) so as to inhibit the change contact direction (CHS) when the leaf (1) is closed. 20. Device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that it comprises a contact (FCL) for cutting the power to the motor (8), which is controlled when the second mechanism is in its extreme position . 21. Door comprising a leaf (1,81,131), guide means (82 to 84, 138, 139) between an open position and a closed position, the leaf (1, 81, 131) being able to pass from one to the other in two successive phases, and an operating device according to one of claims 1 to 20.

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