EP0101351A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von komplexen Gewebe durch multidirektionales Weben - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von komplexen Gewebe durch multidirektionales Weben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0101351A2
EP0101351A2 EP83401475A EP83401475A EP0101351A2 EP 0101351 A2 EP0101351 A2 EP 0101351A2 EP 83401475 A EP83401475 A EP 83401475A EP 83401475 A EP83401475 A EP 83401475A EP 0101351 A2 EP0101351 A2 EP 0101351A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rods
wire
network
layers
weaving
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83401475A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0101351B1 (de
EP0101351A3 (en
Inventor
Georges Jean Joseph Cahuzac
Francois Jean Roger Monget
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Group SAS
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Airbus Group SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Group SAS filed Critical Airbus Group SAS
Publication of EP0101351A2 publication Critical patent/EP0101351A2/de
Publication of EP0101351A3 publication Critical patent/EP0101351A3/fr
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Publication of EP0101351B1 publication Critical patent/EP0101351B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D41/00—Looms not otherwise provided for, e.g. for weaving chenille yarn; Details peculiar to these looms
    • D03D41/004—Looms for three-dimensional fabrics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a machine for producing a woven piece formed from threads assembled by multidirectional weaving and capable of serving as a reinforcement in the manufacture of a body of composite material.
  • Such reinforcements are used after impregnation with an appropriate binder, to obtain parts capable of withstanding very high mechanical and thermal stresses, such as nozzles, structural parts of the satellite, reentry bodies or rotor hubs. rotorcraft.
  • the essential problem to be solved in the weaving of structures of the kind considered lies in the fact that the threads to be introduced into a network of rods or rods must be deposited in such a way that there is no residual tension in them.
  • the present invention makes it possible to remedy the drawbacks of the methods and apparatuses of the prior art; its subject is a process which consists, in an initial phase of weaving, in establishing a network of rigid, parallel and non-contiguous rods, in depositing at one end of this stationary network, a single thread following a winding path zigzagging between the end parts of said rods, this wire forming successive layers superimposed in planes transverse to the direction of the rods, compacting these layers of wire as they are formed, this compaction being accompanied by a sliding of said layers along the strips, then if necessary replace the strips with wires in a final lacing phase.
  • the compaction with sliding of the layers of wire along the rods is preferably carried out by discontinuous application of a pressure on each new layer completed, all of the superimposed layers being supported at its base by a support surface which s away from a continuous movement of the deposit area of the weaving thread in order to give place to the new layers of thread to be deposited.
  • the wire should be deposited without tension in the network of rods, being for this purpose delivered with mechanical thrust on demand in a direction parallel to that of the rods.
  • the wire can be deposited in meanders oriented in the superimposed layers alternately in one direction, then in another direction crossed with respect to the previous one, for example perpendicular (in this case, these two directions form with that of the rods a triangular trihedron).
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to weave three-dimensional profiled pieces of complex shapes and of any size, by depositing in the free spaces a network of rods defining a direction of the piece to be produced, a thread following a any direction orthogonal to the previous one.
  • This wire comes from a single coil and is mechanically unwound from the top of the rods (supposed to be arranged vertically), at their upper part and parallel to their direction.
  • a layer of yarn is deposited, it is compacted at the same time as the member intended to support the part being woven is shifted to allow the deposition of the next layer.
  • rods made of a material remaining in the part after weaving such as for example pultruded rods.
  • the method of the invention makes it possible to eliminate any system for stopping the threads introduced perpendicularly to the network of rods and therefore leads to the production of a very simple weaving machine.
  • the arrangement of a single coil facilitates the monitoring of the wire feed.
  • the method according to the invention overcomes these constraints.
  • the invention also relates to a machine allowing the previously defined method to be implemented.
  • This machine comprises, arranged one above the other in a fixed frame, a set of three non-rotating horizontal frames, but vertically movable independently, among which the intermediate frame carries a set of horizontal plates provided with perforations ordered in a regular grid and intended to receive rigid rods of equal length which are thus maintained in a regular yertical network, the upper frame carries, by means of a movement mechanism in two crossed horizontal directions, preferably perpendicular, a shuttle which is thus mobile in all directions in a horizontal plane located slightly above the top of the network of rods and.
  • This lacing arrangement preferably comprises an upper device for actuating a lacing needle and a lower device for introducing a lacing wire, these devices being carried by respective displacement mechanisms in two crossed horizontal directions, mounted respectively on the upper frame and on the intermediate frame.
  • the shuttle of the machine comprises means for driving and pushing the wire capable of ensuring the delivery of the latter without tension and constituted by two rollers between which the wire is pinched and one of which is actuated in rotation by a motor, these rollers pushing said wire, when it is deposited, in a vertical wire guide tube.
  • the machine preferably comprises a horizontal perforated plate capable of descending onto the network of rods, the ends of these then penetrating into its perforations, compacting the layers of wire woven into said network.
  • This perforated tray can be worn by the upper frame above the shuttle, which is removed from time to time from the network of rods to allow the descent of said perforated tray on the woven mass.
  • the stop plate can be constituted by a disc driven in rotation around its vertical axis and comprising a vibrating bar ensuring by scanning the longitudinal maintenance of the rods at a constant height on average despite the action drive down that they undergo from the woven mass during its manufacture.
  • a digital control device controlling and synchronizing according to a pre-established program all the movements of its mobile members, in particular those of its shuttle which define the configuration of the winding paths of deposition of the wire forming the successive layers of the woven mass.
  • the machine represented in FIG. 1 comprises a frame 1 in which are arranged, between its base la and its roof 1b, several fixed vertical threaded rods 2 (at least three) along which three horizontal frames 3, 4, 5 can move .
  • each of these frames is provided with a particular motor (not shown) which can drive in rotation, via a chain 6, nuts 6a engaged on said threaded rods (only one of the nuts 6a of the only frame 4 has been shown, with a part of the corresponding chain 6).
  • Each frame can thus be animated at will with an upward or downward movement by command of said motor.
  • the upper frame 3 carries a perforated plate 7 and, by means of a movement mechanism 8 with crossed movements, a shuttle 9 ensuring the deposition of a wire 10 in a network 14 of rigid metal rods 11, held vertically along a regular distribution by perforated plates 12, 13 (the number of plates 13 depending on the height of the part to be produced) carried by the intermediate frame 4.
  • the perforations of the plates 7, 12 and 13 are arranged in a grid (straight, as in this example, or oblique), so that the rods 11 of the network 14 which pass through them cause corridors to intersect at an angle, here a right angle in which will be deposited in meanders of alternately perpendicular directions wire 10 by shuttle 9.
  • the mechanism 8 ensuring the movements of the shuttle 9 comprises a horizontal strip 15 along which the shuttle can move under the action of a motor 16 by means of a drive belt located inside the strip ( Figure 2).
  • the latter is itself movable in the perpendicular horizontal direction, its ends rolling on guide rails 17 , 18. fixed to the frame 3, under the action of coarroies, drive 19, 20 driven by a motor 21 also integral with the frame 3
  • the shuttle 9 can thus move in two perpendicular horizontal directions 22, 23, therefore be brought successively to any point on the horizontal plane limited by the rails 17, 18.
  • the shuttle 9 is constituted (FIG. 3) by a carriage 24 sliding along the strip 15 and carrying a small stepping motor 25 and two rollers 26, 27 between which the wire 10 is pinched.
  • the caster 26 is driven in rotation by the motor 25, while the caster 27 is mounted idle.
  • the wire 10 is pushed more or less quickly into a vertical wire guide tube 28 fixed to the plate 24 and passing between the upper ends of the rods 11 of the network 14 to deposit the top of this network. wire following the chosen winding path.
  • the ends of the rods are cut into a point and the orifices of the perforations are flared, as shown.
  • the frame 4 is lowered by an amount substantially equal to the thickness of a layer, so that the woven mass 30 gradually descends, supported by the perforated plate 12 secured to the frame 4 and compacted by the perforated plate 7 secured to the frame 3.
  • the downward sliding of the woven mass 30 causes the rods 11 to descend.
  • a rotating disc 32 provided with a vibrating bar.
  • 33 (FIG. 1) arranged diametrically on a pair of vibrators with vertical action which causes, by sweeping, an ascent of the rods 11 struck by said bar, the latter thus maintaining an invariable mean position in the direction of the height during the entire course weaving of the piece.
  • the frame 4 is located near the frame 5, the perforated plates 13, suspended by chains 34 from the frame 4, having come to be juxtaposed accordingly.
  • lacing composed of an upper device 35a and a lower device 35b (shown diagrammatically on the right part of figure 1).
  • the upper device 35 a is carried by the frame 3 by means of a displacement mechanism 36a in two orthogonal directions, similar to the mechanism 8 of the shuttle 9.
  • the frame 3 carrying the piece woven by its perforated plate 12 (the enhancement 37 preyue in the weaving phase being removed) is raised to a height leaving below sufficient space for the descent of the rods 11a driven out of the woven mass 30.
  • the frame is raised correspondingly to a position where its perforated plate 7 rests on the top of the woven mass 30.
  • the upper device 35a brings down a long needle 41 successively vertically above each rod 11, so as to drive it out and cause it to fall at 11a below the frame 4, onto the disc 32 (while it remains held by the perforated plates 13 now assembled and fixed at the top of columns 38).
  • the control of the various moving parts of the machine is carried out in synchronism, in each operating phase, by means of a digital control device in which is introduced a program corresponding to the characteristics of structure, shape and dimensions of the woven piece to be produced.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
EP83401475A 1982-08-09 1983-07-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von komplexen Gewebe durch multidirektionales Weben Expired EP0101351B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8213893 1982-08-09
FR8213893A FR2531459A1 (fr) 1982-08-09 1982-08-09 Procede et machine de realisation de pieces complexes par tissage multidirectionnel

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0101351A2 true EP0101351A2 (de) 1984-02-22
EP0101351A3 EP0101351A3 (en) 1984-06-06
EP0101351B1 EP0101351B1 (de) 1985-12-27

Family

ID=9276752

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83401475A Expired EP0101351B1 (de) 1982-08-09 1983-07-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von komplexen Gewebe durch multidirektionales Weben

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US4656703A (de)
EP (1) EP0101351B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5947464A (de)
CA (1) CA1222183A (de)
DE (1) DE3361633D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2531459A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0236500A1 (de) * 1985-09-13 1987-09-16 Shikishima Canvas Kabushiki Kaisha Faserstruktur zur verstärkung von baumaterial
EP0278645A2 (de) * 1987-02-03 1988-08-17 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Faserige Struktur zum Verstärken eines Verbundstoffes und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser faserigen Struktur
FR2610951A1 (fr) * 1987-02-17 1988-08-19 Aerospatiale Armature tissee pour materiau composite
EP0329434A2 (de) * 1988-02-19 1989-08-23 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Textile Struktur für das Verstärken von Bauelementen, wie Balken, aus Verbundwerkstoffen und Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5390707A (en) * 1991-10-03 1995-02-21 Societe Nationale Industrielle Et Aerospatiale Method and a machine for making hollow reinforcing members
FR2718757B1 (fr) * 1994-04-18 1996-06-14 Aerospatiale Procédé et machine pour la réalisation d'une armature en forme de plaque pour une pièce de matière composite.
FR2718758B1 (fr) * 1994-04-18 1996-06-14 Aerospatiale Procédé et machine pour la réalisation d'une armature pour une pièce de matière composite.
FR2718756B1 (fr) * 1994-04-18 1996-06-14 Aerospatiale Procédé et machine pour la réalisation d'une armature en forme de bloc pour une pièce de matière composite.
FR2718759B1 (fr) * 1994-04-18 1996-06-14 Aerospatiale Tête de piquage et machine pour la réalisation d'une armature en forme de plaque pour une pièce de matière composite.
US5616175A (en) * 1994-07-22 1997-04-01 Herecules Incorporated 3-D carbon-carbon composites for crystal pulling furnace hardware
DE19726831C5 (de) * 1997-06-24 2005-02-17 Liba Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Multiaxial-Maschine mit Portalaufbau
DE102007020906B4 (de) * 2007-04-26 2009-11-19 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Vorrichtung zum Legen von Verstärkungsfasern und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines faserverstärkten Bauteils
CN102191627B (zh) * 2010-03-16 2013-08-07 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 一种复合材料三维织造成形设备
CN102192396B (zh) * 2010-03-16 2014-03-12 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 一种复合材料三维织造成形方法
CN102517791B (zh) * 2011-12-31 2014-09-24 机械科学研究总院先进制造技术研究中心 复合材料多维织造成形机
DE102013208471B4 (de) * 2013-05-08 2015-08-20 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Formbauteils
US11492733B2 (en) * 2020-02-21 2022-11-08 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Weave control grid
US11535962B2 (en) * 2020-05-21 2022-12-27 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Weaving assembly and method of using

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3904464A (en) * 1967-10-16 1975-09-09 Avco Corp Process for making three-dimensional fabric material
US4038440A (en) * 1972-01-24 1977-07-26 Avco Corporation Three dimensional fabric material
FR2395340A1 (fr) * 1977-06-20 1979-01-19 Aerospatiale Procede et machine de tissage tridimensionnel pour la realisation d'armatures tissees de revolutions creuses
EP0046120A1 (de) * 1980-08-11 1982-02-17 AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle Verfahren und automatische Reihvorrichtung zur Herstellung von Produkten mit mehrachsig gewebter Armierung

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2563510A (en) * 1951-08-07 Hand weaving device
US2065498A (en) * 1936-06-30 1936-12-29 Charles A Bacheller Comb loom
US2463365A (en) * 1946-03-12 1949-03-01 Epstein Herman Hand weaving device
US2566657A (en) * 1947-01-23 1951-09-04 Epstein Herman Hand weaving device
US2726434A (en) * 1952-01-16 1955-12-13 Lillian D Knoblock Hand weaving implement
US2959825A (en) * 1957-09-23 1960-11-15 John M Gould Apparatus for forming sliver into a package and aiding in doffing the formed package
US3955602A (en) * 1967-10-16 1976-05-11 Avco Corporation Apparatus for fabricating three-dimensional fabric material
US3739437A (en) * 1971-05-17 1973-06-19 G Alberici Weaving device
US4218276A (en) * 1972-03-31 1980-08-19 Avco Corporation Method for making 3-D structures
US3805345A (en) * 1972-08-30 1974-04-23 M Antos Method of making loom-work articles
JPS5552863A (en) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-17 Teijin Ltd Method of and apparatus for packing drawn tow into case
US4351093A (en) * 1979-04-27 1982-09-28 Bella Scharf Method of making modular yarncraft

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3904464A (en) * 1967-10-16 1975-09-09 Avco Corp Process for making three-dimensional fabric material
US4038440A (en) * 1972-01-24 1977-07-26 Avco Corporation Three dimensional fabric material
FR2395340A1 (fr) * 1977-06-20 1979-01-19 Aerospatiale Procede et machine de tissage tridimensionnel pour la realisation d'armatures tissees de revolutions creuses
EP0046120A1 (de) * 1980-08-11 1982-02-17 AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle Verfahren und automatische Reihvorrichtung zur Herstellung von Produkten mit mehrachsig gewebter Armierung

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0236500A1 (de) * 1985-09-13 1987-09-16 Shikishima Canvas Kabushiki Kaisha Faserstruktur zur verstärkung von baumaterial
EP0236500A4 (de) * 1985-09-13 1988-06-13 Shikishima Canvas Kk Faserstruktur zur verstärkung von baumaterial.
EP0278645A2 (de) * 1987-02-03 1988-08-17 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Faserige Struktur zum Verstärken eines Verbundstoffes und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser faserigen Struktur
EP0278645A3 (en) * 1987-02-03 1990-05-16 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha A fibrous structure for reinforcing a composite material and a method for manufacturing the fibrous structure
FR2610951A1 (fr) * 1987-02-17 1988-08-19 Aerospatiale Armature tissee pour materiau composite
EP0283334A1 (de) * 1987-02-17 1988-09-21 AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle Gewebte Armierung für zusammengestelltes Baumaterial
EP0329434A2 (de) * 1988-02-19 1989-08-23 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Textile Struktur für das Verstärken von Bauelementen, wie Balken, aus Verbundwerkstoffen und Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben
EP0329434A3 (en) * 1988-02-19 1990-05-16 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Textile structure for reinforcing structural members such as beams made of composite material, and method of producing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6214667B2 (de) 1987-04-03
FR2531459A1 (fr) 1984-02-10
EP0101351B1 (de) 1985-12-27
FR2531459B1 (de) 1984-12-28
US4656703A (en) 1987-04-14
DE3361633D1 (en) 1986-02-06
CA1222183A (fr) 1987-05-26
US4644619A (en) 1987-02-24
EP0101351A3 (en) 1984-06-06
JPS5947464A (ja) 1984-03-17

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