EP0100829B1 - Halogen-free, fire-resisting cable continuing to function for a certain period in case of fire - Google Patents

Halogen-free, fire-resisting cable continuing to function for a certain period in case of fire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0100829B1
EP0100829B1 EP19830105258 EP83105258A EP0100829B1 EP 0100829 B1 EP0100829 B1 EP 0100829B1 EP 19830105258 EP19830105258 EP 19830105258 EP 83105258 A EP83105258 A EP 83105258A EP 0100829 B1 EP0100829 B1 EP 0100829B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
halogen
free
cable according
fire
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19830105258
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0100829A3 (en
EP0100829A2 (en
Inventor
Eduard Dipl.-Ing. Backhaus
Wilhelm Dipl.-Chem. Krestel
Gregor Dipl.-Ing. Hög
Hans-Anton Dipl.-Ing. Mayer
Andreas Oellers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kabel Rheydt AG
Original Assignee
AEG Kabel AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by AEG Kabel AG filed Critical AEG Kabel AG
Publication of EP0100829A2 publication Critical patent/EP0100829A2/en
Publication of EP0100829A3 publication Critical patent/EP0100829A3/en
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Publication of EP0100829B1 publication Critical patent/EP0100829B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cable of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such cables are primarily used in fire-endangering systems with a high concentration of people and property if, in the event of a fire, no corrosive secondary damage, e.g. should arise from halogens and the function maintenance of cables is necessary for a certain time ("emergency running properties").
  • DE-OS 2S 47 SIO describes a flame-resistant and electrical cable of the type mentioned, the individual conductors insulated with a thermoplastic or elastomer being surrounded by an asbestos coating.
  • the inner jacket also consists of an asbestos extrusion.
  • the "emergency running properties" required by a cable in the event of a fire are usually verified by a test in accordance with IEC 331.
  • the functionality of at least three hours is required on a sample with a flame exposure of 800 ° C.
  • this functionality test only relates to the insulation behavior of the cable to be tested, but not to the electrical transmission behavior in the LF range, for example when telephoning.
  • proper electrical transmission behavior in the NF range is at least as crucial and important as adequate insulation behavior.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a halogen-free, flame-retardant cable, dan has "emergency running properties" in the event of fire without the use of asbestos.
  • the cable should remain fully functional for at least three hours when exposed to a flame of 800 ° C (IEC test 331).
  • the cable according to the invention should have very good transmission behavior in the NF range, even in the event of a fire.
  • the conductor coating consists of at least two different components. Peeling and pressing of mica platelets into the wire insulation and thus a deterioration in the electrical transmission behavior both in the NF range and in relation to the insulation behavior is avoided.
  • an inner jacket made of a flame-retardant polymer mixture of metal oxide hydrates and other fillers it is even possible to use conventional, non-flame-retardant wire insulation materials, which ensure better electrical transmission properties.
  • Braiding is advantageous for smaller cross-sections (for example 1.5 mm 2 ), while braiding is advantageous for larger cross-sections.
  • a coated glass silk tape is also possible.
  • the coating consists of a halogen-free, flame-retardant polymer. It is crucial that this coating has an oxygen index of at least 40 (preferably 50). In the functional test carried out according to IEC 331 when exposed to flame, better insulation behavior was achieved at approx. 800 ° C than with the mica / glass silk coating specified under a).
  • a flame-retardant halogen-free polymer mixture with fillers and in particular metal oxide hydrates is used for the inner jacket, which is so highly filled that the oxygen index is at least 40. Materials which have an oxygen index of 50 are preferred.
  • the reinforcement is applied over the inner jacket. It preferably consists of a steel mesh. If a non-metallic version is required, a coated or uncoated fiberglass braid is possible as a reinforcement.
  • the outer jacket is made of a polymeric, halogen-free material. This material should be oil-resistant and, if necessary, waterproof.

Landscapes

  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kabel der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Art. Solche Kabel werden vornehmlich in brandgefährdeten Anlagen mit hoher Personen-und Sachwertkonzentration eingesetzt, wenn im Falle eines Brandes keine korrosiven Sekundärschäden z.B. durch Halogene entstehen sollen und der Funktionserhalt von Kabeln für eine gewisse Zeit erforderlich ist ("Notlaufeigenschaften").The invention relates to a cable of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1. Such cables are primarily used in fire-endangering systems with a high concentration of people and property if, in the event of a fire, no corrosive secondary damage, e.g. should arise from halogens and the function maintenance of cables is necessary for a certain time ("emergency running properties").

In der DE-OS 2S 47 SIO wird beispielsweise ein flammfestes und elektrisches Kabel der eingangs genannten Art beschrieben, dessen mit einem Thermoplast oder Elastomer isolierte Einzelleiter von einer Asbestumpressung umgeben sind. Ebenso besteht der Innenmantel aus einer Asbestumpressung.DE-OS 2S 47 SIO, for example, describes a flame-resistant and electrical cable of the type mentioned, the individual conductors insulated with a thermoplastic or elastomer being surrounded by an asbestos coating. The inner jacket also consists of an asbestos extrusion.

Die Verarbeitung von Asbest gilt heute allgemein als gesundheitsschädlich, und man ist bestrebt, dieses Material durch andere Materialien zu ersetzen.The processing of asbestos is now generally considered to be harmful to health, and efforts are being made to replace this material with other materials.

Durch die US-PS 34 25 865 oder durch die DE-OS 30 07 341 sind Kabel bzw. Leiter ohne Innenmantel bekannt, bei welchen der Leiter mit anorganischen Beschichtungen versehen ist. Durch die DE-OS 2249 940 ist es bekannt, daß hochgefüllte, insbesondere mit Metallhydroxyd gefüllte Polymergemische für flammwidrige Kabel geeignet sind. Diese bekannten Maßnahmen führen jedoch für sich allein nicht zur entscheidenden Verbesserung eines Kabels der eingangs genannten Art.From US-PS 34 25 865 or from DE-OS 30 07 341 cables or conductors without an inner jacket are known, in which the conductor is provided with inorganic coatings. From DE-OS 2249 940 it is known that highly filled, in particular filled with metal hydroxide polymer mixtures are suitable for flame retardant cables. However, these known measures alone do not lead to the decisive improvement of a cable of the type mentioned.

Die von einem Kabel geforderten "Notlaufeigenschaften" im Brandfall werden üblicherweise durch einen Test nach der IEC 331 nachgewiesen. Hierbei wird an einem Muster bei einer Flammeinwirkung von 800°C eine Funktionsfähigkeit von mindestens drei Stunden gefordert. Diese Funktionsfähigkeitsprüfung bezieht sich jedoch nur auf das lsolstionsverhalten des zu prüfenden Kabels, nicht jedoch auf das elektrische Übertragungsverhalten in NF-Bereich, beispielsweise beim Telefonieren. Ein einwandfreies elektrisches Übertragungsverhalten im NF-Bereich ist im Brandfalle zumindest genauso entscheidend und wichtig wie ein ausreichendes Isolationsverhalten.The "emergency running properties" required by a cable in the event of a fire are usually verified by a test in accordance with IEC 331. Here, the functionality of at least three hours is required on a sample with a flame exposure of 800 ° C. However, this functionality test only relates to the insulation behavior of the cable to be tested, but not to the electrical transmission behavior in the LF range, for example when telephoning. In the event of a fire, proper electrical transmission behavior in the NF range is at least as crucial and important as adequate insulation behavior.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein halogenfreies, flammwidriges Kabel zu schaffen, dan im Brandfall ohne Verwendung von Asbest "Notlaufeigenschaften" aufweist. Das Kabel soll bei einer Flammeinwirkung von 800° C noch mindestens drei Stunden voll funktionsfähig bleiben (IEC-Prüfung 331). Darüberhinaus soll das erfindungsgemäße Kabel ein sehr gutes Übertragungsverhalten im NF-Bereich auch im Brandfall aufweisen.The object of the invention is to provide a halogen-free, flame-retardant cable, dan has "emergency running properties" in the event of fire without the use of asbestos. The cable should remain fully functional for at least three hours when exposed to a flame of 800 ° C (IEC test 331). In addition, the cable according to the invention should have very good transmission behavior in the NF range, even in the event of a fire.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 oder des Anspruchs 2. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1 or claim 2. Advantageous further developments result from the subclaims.

Die Verwendung einer Leiterbeschichtung mit wärmesperrenden Eigenschaften erhöht bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Kabel die Spannungsfestigkeit unter Flammeinwirkung. Die Verwendung nur einer Schicht aus Glimmer oder Glasseide wäre nachteilig:The use of a conductor coating with heat-blocking properties increases the dielectric strength under the influence of flame in the cable according to the invention. Using only one layer of mica or glass silk would be disadvantageous:

  • - Eine Glasseidenumflechtung schmilzt bei ca. 800° C; eine "Notlaufeigenschaft" ist somit nicht garantiert.- A glass silk braid melts at approx. 800 ° C; an "emergency running property" is therefore not guaranteed.
  • - Eine Glimmerbewicklung über die Ader kann zur Verschlechterung des elektrischen Übertragungsverhaltens führen, da bei den verwendeten Glimmerplättchen die Gefahr besteht, daß sie in die Aderisolierung eindringen können.- A mica winding over the wire can lead to a deterioration in the electrical transmission behavior, since there is a risk with the mica plates used that they can penetrate into the wire insulation.

Entscheidend ist, daß die Leiterbeschichtung aus mindestens zwei unterschiedlichen Komponenten besteht. Ein Abblättern und Eindrücken von Glimmerplättchen in die Aderisolierung und damit eine Verschlechterung des elektrischen Übertragungsverhaltens sowohl im NF-Bereich als auch im Bezug auf das lsolationsverhalten wird vermieden. Durch die Verwendung eines Innenmantels aus einem flammwidrigen Polymergemisch aus Metalloxidhydraten und anderen Füllstoffen ist sogar die Verwendung konventioneller, nicht flammwidriger Aderisoliermaterialien möglich, welche bessere elektrische Übertragungseigenschaften gewährleisten.It is crucial that the conductor coating consists of at least two different components. Peeling and pressing of mica platelets into the wire insulation and thus a deterioration in the electrical transmission behavior both in the NF range and in relation to the insulation behavior is avoided. By using an inner jacket made of a flame-retardant polymer mixture of metal oxide hydrates and other fillers, it is even possible to use conventional, non-flame-retardant wire insulation materials, which ensure better electrical transmission properties.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below.

Das erfindungsgemäß aufgebaute Kabel besteht aus folgenden Aufbauelementen:

  • Leiter
  • Leiterbewicklung
  • Aderisolierung
  • Innenmantel
  • Armierung
  • Außenmantel
The cable constructed according to the invention consists of the following structural elements:
  • ladder
  • Conductor winding
  • Core insulation
  • Inner jacket
  • reinforcement
  • Outer jacket

Für die wärmesperrende Beschichtung der Leiter hat sich folgender Aufbau als vorteilhaft erwiesen.The following structure has proven to be advantageous for the heat-blocking coating of the conductors.

a) Zwei Lagen spiralförmig gewickeltes Glimmerpapier und darüber eine Lage Glasseidenumflechtung oder Bewicklung.a) Two layers of spirally wrapped mica paper and a layer of glass silk braiding or wrapping on top.

Eine Umflechtung ist vorteilhaft bei kleineren Querschnitten (beispielsweise bei 1,5 mm2), während eine Umspinnung bei größeren Querschnitten vorteilhaft ist.Braiding is advantageous for smaller cross-sections (for example 1.5 mm 2 ), while braiding is advantageous for larger cross-sections.

b) Als Alternative zu a) ist auch ein beschichtetes Glasseidenband möglich. Die Beschichtung besteht aus einem halogenfreien flammwidrigen Polymer. Entscheidend ist, daß diese Beschichtung einen Sauerstoffindex von mindestens 40 hat (vorzugsweise 50). Bei der nach IEC 331 durchgeführten Funktionsprüfung bei Flammeinwirkung wurden bei ca. 800°C sogar ein besseres Isolationsverhalten erzielt als bei der unter a) angegebenen Glimmer/Glasseide-Beschichtung.b) As an alternative to a), a coated glass silk tape is also possible. The coating consists of a halogen-free, flame-retardant polymer. It is crucial that this coating has an oxygen index of at least 40 (preferably 50). In the functional test carried out according to IEC 331 when exposed to flame, better insulation behavior was achieved at approx. 800 ° C than with the mica / glass silk coating specified under a).

Für die Aderisolierung wurden außer mit VPE auch gute Ergebnisse mit mineralisch gefüllten vernetzten Polyolefinen erzielt. Bevorzugt wird ein EPR/VPE-Copolymerverschnitt, der nach üblichen Verfahren vernetzt wird.For core insulation, good results have also been achieved with mineral-filled cross-linked polyolefins in addition to VPE. Is preferred an EPR / VPE copolymer blend that is crosslinked using conventional methods.

Für den Innenmantel wird ein flammwidriges halogenfreies Polymergemisch mit Füllstoffen und insbesondere Metalloxidhydraten verwendet, welches so hochgefüllt ist, daß der Sauerstoffindex mindestens 40 beträgt. Bevorzugt werden Materialien, die einen Sauerstoffindex von 50 aufweisen.A flame-retardant halogen-free polymer mixture with fillers and in particular metal oxide hydrates is used for the inner jacket, which is so highly filled that the oxygen index is at least 40. Materials which have an oxygen index of 50 are preferred.

Über dem Innenmantel ist die Armierung aufgebracht. Sie besteht vorzugsweise aus einem Stahlgeflecht. Falls eine nichtmetallische Ausführung gewünscht wird, ist ein beschichtetes oder unbeschichtetes Glasseidengeflecht als Armierung möglich.The reinforcement is applied over the inner jacket. It preferably consists of a steel mesh. If a non-metallic version is required, a coated or uncoated fiberglass braid is possible as a reinforcement.

Der Außenmantel besteht aus einem polymeren, halogenfreien Material. Dieses Material soll ölbeständig und gegebenenfalls wasserfest sein.The outer jacket is made of a polymeric, halogen-free material. This material should be oil-resistant and, if necessary, waterproof.

Sehr gute Ergebnisse wurden mit der halogenfreien Polymermischung erzielt, wie sie durch die DE-OS 28 49 940 bekannt sind.Very good results were achieved with the halogen-free polymer mixture, as are known from DE-OS 28 49 940.

Claims (9)

1. Halogen-free, flameproof cable continuing to function for a certain time in the event of fire, with at least one conductor, each of these being surrounded by an insulating polymer layer and a heat-resistant layer comprised of inorganic material and being embedded in a heat-resistant filler layer forming an inside jacket and surrounded by an armour over which a sheathing forming an outside jacket is disposed, characterized in that the heat-resistant layer surrounding the conductors is directly applied onto the conductors and consists of a firstly wound-on layer of mica and a layer of glass silk plaited or wound thereon, and in that the inside jacket consists of a polymer mixture filled with filler materials and, in particular, metal oxide hydrates.
2. Halogen-free, flameproof cable continuing to function for a certain time in the event of fire, with at least one conductor, each of these being surrounded by an insulating polymer layer and a heat-resistant layer comprised of inorganic material and being embedded in a heat-resistant filler layer forming an inside jacket and surrounded by an armour over which a sheathing forming an outside jacket is disposed, characterized in that the heat-resistant layer surrounding the conductors is directly applied onto the conductors and consists of a wound-on glass silk band coated with a halogen-free, flameproof polymer material, and in that the inside jacket consists of a polymer mixture filled with filler materials and, in particular, metal oxide hydrates.
3. Cable according to claim 2, characterized in that the polymer mixture of the coating has an oxygen index of at least 40.
4. Cable according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the core insulation consists of a cross-linked polyolefin material filled with minerals.
5. Cable according to claim 4, characterized in that the core insulation consists of a blend of polymers and/or copolymers of ethylene, preferably EPR, EVA and PE.
6. Cable according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the flameproof polymer mixture of the inside jacket consists of a halogen-free material heavily filled with minerals and having an oxygen index of at least 40.
7. Cable according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the armour consists of a steel plaiting.
8. Cable according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that thearmour consists of a glass silk plaiting.
9. Cable according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the glass silk plaiting is coated with a halogen-free, flameproof polymer.
EP19830105258 1982-08-06 1983-05-27 Halogen-free, fire-resisting cable continuing to function for a certain period in case of fire Expired EP0100829B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3229352 1982-08-06
DE19823229352 DE3229352C2 (en) 1982-08-06 1982-08-06 Halogen-free, flame-retardant cable with functional integrity in the event of fire for a certain period of time

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0100829A2 EP0100829A2 (en) 1984-02-22
EP0100829A3 EP0100829A3 (en) 1984-04-18
EP0100829B1 true EP0100829B1 (en) 1986-11-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19830105258 Expired EP0100829B1 (en) 1982-08-06 1983-05-27 Halogen-free, fire-resisting cable continuing to function for a certain period in case of fire

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0100829B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3229352C2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3837046A1 (en) * 1988-10-31 1990-05-03 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh Single-core or multi-core electric medium-voltage or high-voltage cable
CN104616741A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-05-13 无为县金华电缆材料有限公司 High-temperature-resistant flame-retardant tensile electric wire

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NO153511C (en) * 1983-08-25 1986-04-02 Standard Tel Kabelfab As FIRE AND OIL RESISTANT CABLE.
FR2573910B1 (en) * 1984-11-29 1987-06-19 Habia Cable FLEXIBLE FIRE RESISTANT INSULATION COATING FOR ELECTRICAL CONDUITS, WIRES AND CABLES
FR2605792B1 (en) * 1986-10-23 1990-03-02 Cabeltel Cables Electro Teleco FIREPROOF ELECTRIC CABLE
US5091608A (en) * 1988-07-27 1992-02-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Flame retardant splicing system
GB8902914D0 (en) * 1989-02-09 1989-03-30 Bicc Plc Electric cables
US5063266A (en) * 1990-02-20 1991-11-05 Champlain Cable Corporation Non-halogenated insulation with high oxygen index
EP0540740A4 (en) * 1991-04-26 1994-08-24 Fujikura Ltd Cable for feeding power to pump of oil well
US5410106A (en) * 1991-04-26 1995-04-25 Fujikura Ltd. Electric feed cable for oil well pump
DE4132390C2 (en) * 1991-09-26 2000-09-21 Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi Spa Flame retardant electrical cable
AU1308995A (en) * 1994-01-19 1995-08-08 Huber & Suhner Ag Fire-proof cable
GB2329278B (en) * 1997-07-14 2002-01-16 Delta Crompton Cables Ltd Co-axial cables
DE10051962A1 (en) * 2000-10-20 2002-05-02 Alcatel Sa Insulated electrical conductor with functional integrity in the event of a fire
CN113106776B (en) * 2021-03-09 2022-07-05 通城县云水云母科技有限公司 Preparation method of low-halogen mica paper product

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3837046A1 (en) * 1988-10-31 1990-05-03 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh Single-core or multi-core electric medium-voltage or high-voltage cable
CN104616741A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-05-13 无为县金华电缆材料有限公司 High-temperature-resistant flame-retardant tensile electric wire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3229352C2 (en) 1985-01-24
EP0100829A3 (en) 1984-04-18
DE3229352A1 (en) 1984-02-09
EP0100829A2 (en) 1984-02-22

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