EP0099019B1 - Relay with contact bridge spring - Google Patents

Relay with contact bridge spring Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0099019B1
EP0099019B1 EP83106253A EP83106253A EP0099019B1 EP 0099019 B1 EP0099019 B1 EP 0099019B1 EP 83106253 A EP83106253 A EP 83106253A EP 83106253 A EP83106253 A EP 83106253A EP 0099019 B1 EP0099019 B1 EP 0099019B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
relay
armature
bridge
contact spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83106253A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0099019A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Esterl
Josef Dr. Weiser
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP0099019A1 publication Critical patent/EP0099019A1/en
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Publication of EP0099019B1 publication Critical patent/EP0099019B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/18—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with subsequent sliding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/64—Protective enclosures, baffle plates, or screens for contacts
    • H01H1/645—Protective enclosures, baffle plates, or screens for contacts containing getter material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H2001/145—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting by crossing each other, the cooperating contacts each having a contact making ridge perpendicular to each other

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a relay according to the first part of patent claim 1.
  • Such an electromagnetic relay is shown in DE-A-18 16 364, this known relay being constructed very simply with a few parts.
  • a U-shaped core is anchored in the coil former, above which a flat armature is arranged parallel to the coil axis and the connection level of the relay.
  • the armature is connected to a current-carrying support part via a spring, and the spring also serves as a contact spring.
  • Such a relay can be made relatively small; but then it has only a small contact stroke, so that no high currents can be switched. When switching very small currents, on the other hand, there is a risk of foreign layers forming on the contact surfaces, which increase the contact resistance and limit the service life of the relay.
  • the contact springs there have a T-shape, so that it is possible to compensate for tolerances between the counter-contact elements by twisting the contact springs.
  • Applying the contact arrangement provided there to a relay of the type mentioned at the outset would lead to an undesirably large design.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a small, with few simple parts to produce relay of the type mentioned, the contact system is suitable with a small armature stroke both for switching very small currents with a long service life and over a high load range up to very large currents can be applied.
  • the design and arrangement of the bridge contact spring achieve both a leverage effect about the clamping axis and an additional leverage effect about an axis perpendicular to the clamping axis.
  • a thrust-friction-rolling movement is generated at the contact points, which comes about through the two mutually perpendicular lever effects between the clamping of the spring on the armature and the counter-contact elements.
  • This frictional movement causes strangers to be rubbed through when shifting.
  • foreign particles lying on the contact surfaces are rubbed away or pushed away.
  • unevenness caused by the material migration occurring is leveled out as it arises. Because of the large peeling forces in the micro range, welds on the contacts are torn open despite the smaller contact forces.
  • the plate-shaped armature which is supported at one end on one leg of the U-shaped upwardly bent coil core, is connected to the bridge contact spring via an intermediate insulating part.
  • This insulating part can be formed by extrusion coating or other embedding of the armature.
  • the anchor it would also be possible to connect the anchor to the insulating part by plugging it in.
  • the insulating part has an elastic leg which runs parallel to the connecting lug of the bridge contact spring and serves as a return spring for the armature. This elastic leg can be supported on a cut-out tab of the bridge contact spring in the area of the connecting lug.
  • the armature can be arranged with the bridge contact spring over the coil as in DE-A-1 816 364 be, the air and creepage distances required for high currents can be easily realized.
  • the armature with the part of the bridge contact spring lying on it is arranged within the coil body approximately along the axis, the bridge contact spring forming two contact points with the two counter-contact elements outside the coil body with its transverse leg.
  • the bridge contact spring is T-shaped, it being fastened to the armature with the end of its middle leg and carrying the contact points at the free ends of the cross leg.
  • the bridge contact spring can be attached with its elongated leg at one end to the anchor and can carry a contact leg at least on one side via a lateral intermediate web at its free end.
  • the bridge contact spring can also be meandering in the region between the clamping point and the contact points.
  • Fig. 1 shows a T-shaped bridge contact spring 1, as it is suitable for a relay for switching low current. It is clamped with its elongated leg 1 a in a support 2, namely it is firmly connected to an anchor, not shown, via this support 2. It is therefore operated via this carrier 2 and not via its own contact slide.
  • the cross leg 1b has at the ends the contact points or contact rivets 3 and 4, which interact with the respective counter-contact elements.
  • leg 1a with length 1 acts as a lever arm in the longitudinal direction, via which a thrust-friction-rolling movement can be achieved at the contact points.
  • the cross lever with the cross leg 1b acts perpendicular to this. wherein the lever arm is half the width b between the two contact points 3 and 4 with respect to the spring longitudinal axis. Both levers come into effect due to the armature actuation when contact is made and when contact is opened, whereby a frictional movement with the effects already mentioned is achieved at the contact points.
  • the relay can be adapted particularly well to various switching problems. 2, double contact can be achieved, the switching voltage U being applied between the connections of the bridge contact spring 1 on the one hand and the mating contact elements 5 and 6 connected in parallel on the other. Such double contacting increases switching reliability, especially when switching small loads.
  • the switching voltage U is between the two mating contact elements 5 and 6, so that the bridge contact spring 1 is used only as a contact bridge without its own connection. In this case, the double contact distance that can be achieved with bridge contact is used.
  • the switching voltage U is in turn between the bridge contact spring 1 and the two mating contact elements 5 and 6.
  • these mating contact elements are not directly connected in parallel, but an additional resistor 7 is connected in series with the mating contact element 5.
  • the mating contact element 5 has one smaller contact distance d1 compared to the contact distance d2 of the mating contact element 6 compared to the bridge contact spring 1.
  • the mating contact element 5 thus serves as a forward contact, which switches earlier; Such an arrangement can be advantageous in the case of high current peaks.
  • FIG. 5 shows a meandering bridge contact spring 21 which, due to the cuts 22 and 23, has a two-fold reduction in cross section between the contact bridge 24 and the clamping point 25 to approximately one third of the other spring width.
  • a modified embodiment of a contact spring 26 is shown in FIG. 6. There, on the free end of the contact spring 26, a contact leg 28 is formed on both sides via a web 27, which together as a contact bridge produce the above-mentioned leverage effect against the clamping point 26a.
  • the relay has a base body 31 which also serves as a coil body for the winding 32.
  • a U-shaped core 33 is arranged in the coil former, the two side legs 34 and 35 of which lie in the region of a coil flange 36 and 37, respectively. This core 33 can expediently be injected into the base body 31.
  • the coil can also be encapsulated with plastic after winding.
  • An armature 38 is mounted on the side leg 34, which is plate-shaped above the coil, parallel to the base plane, and with its free end a working air gap 39 the Seietenschenkel 35 forms.
  • the armature 38 is held in an insulating part 40, which can be formed, for example, by extrusion-coating the armature. In another embodiment, this insulating material part 40 could also receive the anchor by inserting it or some other type of fastening. Above the insulating part 40 there is a bridge contact spring 41 which extends over the entire coil length and is fixedly connected to the armature 38 via the insulating part 40.
  • a bridge contact spring 41 which extends over the entire coil length and is fixedly connected to the armature 38 via the insulating part 40.
  • pins, webs or other projections can be provided, which hold them by thermoforming on the side edge or in recesses of the spring 41.
  • the bridge contact spring 41 is bent downwards at right angles in the region of the coil flange 36 and thus forms a connecting lug 42 which is inserted through a recess 43 in the base body 31 and anchored there with a bent tab 44.
  • a leg 45 of the insulating part 41 lying in the region of the coil flange 36 serves as a return spring for the armature, wherein it is supported via the nose 47 on a bent-out tab 48 of the bridge contact spring 41.
  • the free end of the bridge contact spring 41 which can be T-shaped, for example according to FIG. 1, carries a contact profile 49, which cooperates with two counter-contact elements 50 and 51.
  • These two mating contact elements are each arranged laterally with their connecting parts 50a and 51a from the coil flange 37 and bent with their contacting ends 50b and 51b into a common plane below the bridge contact spring 41. They are additionally insulated from the armature or core by the leg 52 of the insulating part 40.
  • the lateral arrangement of the mating contact elements also ensures good heat dissipation.
  • the coil flange 37 has in the area between the two counter-contact elements a chamber 53 for receiving a getter pill 54, which is fastened between lamellar ribs 55 of the base body. These lamellae form further insulating sections between the mating contacts, which cannot be easily bridged even by burn-up products.
  • the relay is closed by a plastic cap 56 placed over the base body 31 and sealed on the underside with a fleece 57 which is impregnated with synthetic resin.
  • a rib 58 integrally formed on the cap serves to limit the stroke for the armature or the bridge contact spring 41.
  • the contact spring can be adjusted from above, for example with laser beams, before the cap is applied.
  • FIG. 10 A modified embodiment is shown in FIG. 10.
  • the coil former 61 forms a continuous axial cavity 62, in which a rod-shaped armature 63 is arranged.
  • a U-shaped yoke 64 is inserted from below into recesses in the coil former 61 in such a way that its leg 65 forms a bearing point for the armature 63 in the region of the coil flange 66, while the leg 67 in the region of the coil flange 68 forms a working air gap with the armature forms.
  • a bridge contact spring 69 is connected to the armature 63, which lies over the entire length of the coil tube above the armature and is anchored in the coil flange 66 with its bent leg 70, which serves as a connecting lug. With a suitable preload, the bridge contact spring can also serve as a return spring for the armature.
  • the bridge contact spring is also T-shaped in this case, the cross leg 71 lying on the end face in front of the coil winding in the region of the coil flange 68 and forming two contact points with two mating contact elements 72.
  • the mating contact elements 72 like the mating contact elements 50 and 51, are laterally attached to the coil flange and are bent with their contacting ends into a horizontal plane below the contact leg 71 of the bridge contact spring.
  • a getter pill 73 is fastened in a suitable manner in the coil former over the contact points. This relay is also closed with a cap 74.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Relais gemäß dem ersten Teil des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a relay according to the first part of patent claim 1.

Ein derartiges elektromagnetisches Relais ist in der DE-A-18 16 364 gezeigt, wobei dieses bekannte Relais sehr einfach mit wenigen Teilen aufgebaut ist. Im Spulenkörper ist dort ein U-förmig nach oben gebogener Kern verankert, über dem parallel zur Spulenachse und zur Anschlußebene des Relais ein flacher Anker angeordnet ist. Der Anker ist über eine Feder mit einem stromführenden Tragteil verbunden, und die Feder dient gleichzeitig als Kontaktfeder. Ein derartiges Relais kann verhältnismäßig klein ausgeführt werden; es hat dann aber nur einen geringen Kontakthub, so daß keine hohen Ströme geschaltet werden können. Beim Schalten sehr kleiner Ströme dagegen besteht die Gefahr, daß sich auf den Kontaktoberflächen Fremdschichten bilden, die den Kontaktwiderstand vergrößern und die Lebensdauer des Relais begrenzen.Such an electromagnetic relay is shown in DE-A-18 16 364, this known relay being constructed very simply with a few parts. A U-shaped core is anchored in the coil former, above which a flat armature is arranged parallel to the coil axis and the connection level of the relay. The armature is connected to a current-carrying support part via a spring, and the spring also serves as a contact spring. Such a relay can be made relatively small; but then it has only a small contact stroke, so that no high currents can be switched. When switching very small currents, on the other hand, there is a risk of foreign layers forming on the contact surfaces, which increase the contact resistance and limit the service life of the relay.

Ganz allgemein führt bei Schwachstrom-Relais der Trend zu immer kleineren Baugrößen zwangsläufig dazu, daß auch die Kontaktabstände kleiner werden. Damit wird aber das Schaltvermögen besonders bei induktiven Lasten vermindert. Die Anwendung von Brückenkontakten, wie sie bei Schützen und Starkstromrelais seit langem bekannt und üblich sind, könnte auch hier trotz eines kleinen Ankerhubs das Schaltvermögen verbessern. Denn durch die mit einer Brückenkontaktfeder erreichbare doppelte Kontaktunterbrechung läßt sich im Vergleich zum Ankerhub ein doppelter Kontaktabstand erzielen, was besonders beim Schalten hoher Ströme von Vorteil ist. Doch stehen einer Anwendung der bei Schützen üblichen Brückenkontakte bei kleinen Schwachstromrelais die Nachteile entgegen, daß die Kontaktwiderstände wegen der zweimaligen Kontaktunterbrechung verhältnismäßig hoch sind, insbesondere wenn sich auf den Kontaktoberflächen Fremdschichten bilden. Bei rein senkrechter Kontaktbetätigung ohne Reib-und Roll-Bewegungen können solche Fremdschichten auch nicht abgerieben werden, wobei die in Kleinrelais verhältnismäßig geringen Kontaktkräfte dann zu einer guten Kontaktgabe nicht mehr ausreichen.In general, the trend towards smaller and smaller sizes inevitably leads to the fact that the contact spacings also become smaller. However, this reduces the switching capacity, especially with inductive loads. The use of bridge contacts, as they have long been known and common in contactors and power relays, could improve the switching capacity here too, despite a small armature stroke. Because the double contact break that can be achieved with a bridge contact spring enables a double contact spacing to be achieved compared to the armature stroke, which is particularly advantageous when switching high currents. However, the disadvantages of using the bridge contacts customary in contactors for small low-current relays are that the contact resistances are relatively high because of the two contact interruptions, in particular if foreign layers form on the contact surfaces. In the case of purely vertical contact actuation without rubbing and rolling movements, such foreign layers cannot be rubbed off either, the relatively low contact forces in small relays then no longer being sufficient to make good contact.

Aus der US-A-2,245,230 ist auch bereits ein Starkstromrelais bekannt, bei welchem der Anker über zwei parallel auf ihm befestigte Brückenkontaktfedern zwei Stromkreise schaltet. Die Konstruktion des dort beschriebenen Relais ist sehr platzaufwendig und benötigt viele Einzelteile. Insbesondere ist das Magnetsystem über einen Metallrahmen in einem Gehäuse an einer isolierenden Wand befestigt, welche ihrerseits die Gegenkontakte in entsprechendem Abstand voneinander trägt. Ein derartiges Relais benötigt ein sehr großes Gehäuse, eine aufwendige Verdrahtung der Kontaktelemente und eine aufwendige Montage der Einzelteile, beispielsweise für die Justierung zwischen den im Gehäuse befestigten Gegenkontaktelementen und der auf dem Anker sitzenden Kontaktfeder. Allerdings besitzen dort die Kontaktfedern eine T-Form, so daß es möglich ist, durch Verwindung der Kontaktfedern Toleranzen zwischen den Gegenkontaktelementen auszugleichen. Eine Anwendung der dort vorgesehenen Kontaktanordnung auf ein Relais der eingangs genannten Art würde aber zu einer unerwünscht großen Bauform führen.From US-A-2,245,230 a heavy current relay is already known, in which the armature switches two circuits via two bridge contact springs mounted in parallel on it. The construction of the relay described there is very space-consuming and requires many individual parts. In particular, the magnet system is fastened via a metal frame in a housing to an insulating wall, which in turn carries the mating contacts at a corresponding distance from one another. Such a relay requires a very large housing, complex wiring of the contact elements and complex assembly of the individual parts, for example for the adjustment between the mating contact elements fastened in the housing and the contact spring seated on the armature. However, the contact springs there have a T-shape, so that it is possible to compensate for tolerances between the counter-contact elements by twisting the contact springs. Applying the contact arrangement provided there to a relay of the type mentioned at the outset would lead to an undesirably large design.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein kleines, mit wenigen einfachen Teilen herzustellendes Relais der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, dessen Kontaktsystem bei geringem Ankerhub sowohl zum Schalten sehr kleiner Ströme bei gleichzeitig hoher Lebensdauer geeignet ist als auch über einen hohen Lastbereich bis zu sehr großen Strömen angewendet werden kann.The object of the invention is to provide a small, with few simple parts to produce relay of the type mentioned, the contact system is suitable with a small armature stroke both for switching very small currents with a long service life and over a high load range up to very large currents can be applied.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved with the characterizing features of patent claim 1.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Relais wird durch die Gestaltung und Anordnung der Brückenkontaktfeder sowohl eine Hebelwirkung um die Einspannachse als auch eine zusätzliche Hebelwirkung um eine zur Einspannachse senkrechte Achse erzielt. Dadurch wird eine Schub-Reib-Rollbewegung an den Kontaktstellen erzeugt, die durch die beiden zueinander senkrechten Hebelwirkungen zwischen der Einspannung der Feder am Anker und den Gegenkontaktelementen zustandekommt. Durch diese Reibbewegung werden Frem schichden, beim Schalten durchgerieben. Gleichzeitig werden auf den Kontaktoberflächen liegende Fremdpartikel weggerieben bzw. weggeschoben. Beim Schalten von Gleichstrom werden durch die auftretende Materialwanderung erzeugte Unebenheiten bereits beim Entstehen eingeebnet. Wegen der großen Schälkräfte im Mikrobereich werden trotz der kleineren Kontaktkräfte auch Verschweißungen der Kontakte aufgerissen.In the relay according to the invention, the design and arrangement of the bridge contact spring achieve both a leverage effect about the clamping axis and an additional leverage effect about an axis perpendicular to the clamping axis. As a result, a thrust-friction-rolling movement is generated at the contact points, which comes about through the two mutually perpendicular lever effects between the clamping of the spring on the armature and the counter-contact elements. This frictional movement causes strangers to be rubbed through when shifting. At the same time, foreign particles lying on the contact surfaces are rubbed away or pushed away. When switching direct current, unevenness caused by the material migration occurring is leveled out as it arises. Because of the large peeling forces in the micro range, welds on the contacts are torn open despite the smaller contact forces.

In einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung des Relais ist der plattenförmige, mit einem Ende an einem Schenkel des U-förmig nach oben gebogenen Spulenkerns gelagerte Anker über ein zwischenliegendes Isolierteil mit der Brückenkontaktfeder verbunden. Dieses Isolierteil kann durch Umspritzen oder sonstige Einbettung des Ankers gebildet sein. Es wäre allerdings auch möglich, den Anker durch Stecken mit dem Isolierteil zu verbinden. In einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung besitzt das Isolierteil einen parallel zur Anschlußfahne der - Brückenkontaktfeder verlaufenden elastischen Schenkel, der als Rückstellfeder für den Anker dient. Dieser elastische Schenkel kann an einem freigeschnittenen Lappen der Brückenkontaktfeder im Bereich der Anschlußfahne abgestützt sein.In an expedient embodiment of the relay, the plate-shaped armature, which is supported at one end on one leg of the U-shaped upwardly bent coil core, is connected to the bridge contact spring via an intermediate insulating part. This insulating part can be formed by extrusion coating or other embedding of the armature. However, it would also be possible to connect the anchor to the insulating part by plugging it in. In an expedient embodiment, the insulating part has an elastic leg which runs parallel to the connecting lug of the bridge contact spring and serves as a return spring for the armature. This elastic leg can be supported on a cut-out tab of the bridge contact spring in the area of the connecting lug.

Bei einem derartigen Relais kann der Anker wie in der DE-A-1 816 364 mit der Brückenkontaktfeder über der Spule angeordnet sein, wobei die für hohe Ströme erforderlichen Luft- und Kriechstrecken gut realisiert werden können. In einer anderen zweckmäßigen Ausführungsform ist der Anker mit dem auf ihm liegenden Teil der Brückenkontaktfeder innerhalb des Spulenkörpers etwa längs der Achse angeordnet, wobei die Brückenkontaktfeder außerhalb des Spulenkörpers mit ihrem Querschenkel zwei Kontaktstellen mit den beiden Gegenkontaktelementen bildet.In such a relay, the armature can be arranged with the bridge contact spring over the coil as in DE-A-1 816 364 be, the air and creepage distances required for high currents can be easily realized. In another expedient embodiment, the armature with the part of the bridge contact spring lying on it is arranged within the coil body approximately along the axis, the bridge contact spring forming two contact points with the two counter-contact elements outside the coil body with its transverse leg.

In einer zweckmäßigen Ausführungsform ist die Brückenkontaktfeder T-förmig ausgebildet, wobei sie mit dem Ende ihres Mittelschenkels am Anker befestigt ist und an den freien Enden des Querschenkels die Kontaktstellen trägt. In einer anderen Ausführungsform kann die Brückenkontaktfeder mit ihrem langgestreckten Schenkel mit einem Ende am Anker befestigt sein und an ihrem freien Ende zumindest an einer Seite über einen seitlichen Zwischensteg einen Kontaktschenkel tragen. Weiterhin kann die Brückenkontaktfeder auch im Bereich zwischen der Einspannstelle und den Kontaktstellen mäanderförmig ausgebildet sein.In an expedient embodiment, the bridge contact spring is T-shaped, it being fastened to the armature with the end of its middle leg and carrying the contact points at the free ends of the cross leg. In another embodiment, the bridge contact spring can be attached with its elongated leg at one end to the anchor and can carry a contact leg at least on one side via a lateral intermediate web at its free end. Furthermore, the bridge contact spring can also be meandering in the region between the clamping point and the contact points.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine T-förmige Brückenkontaktfeder,
  • Fig. 2 bis 4 verschiedene elektrische Anschlußmöglichkeiten für eine Brückenkontakteinheit,
  • Fig. 5 und 6 weitere Ausführungsformen für Brückenkontaktfädern,
  • Fig. 7, 8 und 9 ein Relais mit Brückenkontaktfeder drei verschiedenen Ansichten,
  • Fig. 10 eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Relais mit Brückenkontakfeder.
The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows
  • 1 is a T-shaped bridge contact spring,
  • 2 to 4 different electrical connection options for a bridge contact unit,
  • 5 and 6 further embodiments for bridge contact threads,
  • 7, 8 and 9, a relay with a bridge contact spring three different views,
  • Fig. 10 shows another embodiment of a relay with a bridge contact spring.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine T-förmige Brückenkontaktfeder 1, wie sie für ein Relais zum Schalten von Schwachstrom geeignet ist. Sie ist mit ihrem langgestreckten Schenkel 1a in einem Träger 2 eingespannt, und zwar ist sie über diesen Träger 2 fest mit einem nicht dargestellten Anker verbunden. Sie wird also über diesen Träger 2 und nicht über einen eigenen Kontaktschieber betätigt. Der Querschenkel 1b besitzt an den Enden die Kontaktstellen bzw. Kontaktniete 3 und 4, die mit den jeweiligen Gegenkontaktelementen zusammenwirken.Fig. 1 shows a T-shaped bridge contact spring 1, as it is suitable for a relay for switching low current. It is clamped with its elongated leg 1 a in a support 2, namely it is firmly connected to an anchor, not shown, via this support 2. It is therefore operated via this carrier 2 and not via its own contact slide. The cross leg 1b has at the ends the contact points or contact rivets 3 and 4, which interact with the respective counter-contact elements.

Durch diesen Aufbau und die Art der Betätigung ist an der Brückenkontaktfeder 1 eine doppelte Hebelwirkung erzielbar. Als Hebelarm in Längsrichtung wirkt der Schenkel 1a mit der Länge 1, über den eine Schub-Reib-Rollbewegung an den Kontaktstellen erzielt werden kann. Dazu senkrecht wirkt der Querhebel mit dem Querschenkel 1b. wobei der Hebelarm gegenüber der Federlängsachse die halbe Breite b zwischen den beiden Kontaktstellen 3 und 4 beträgt. Beide Hebel kommen aufgrund der Ankerbetätigung bei der Kontaktgabe und beim Kontaktöffnen zur Wirkung, wodurch an den Kontaktstellen eine Reibbewegung mit den bereits oben erwähnten Wirkungen erzielt wird.Due to this structure and the type of actuation, a double leverage effect can be achieved on the bridge contact spring 1. Leg 1a with length 1 acts as a lever arm in the longitudinal direction, via which a thrust-friction-rolling movement can be achieved at the contact points. The cross lever with the cross leg 1b acts perpendicular to this. wherein the lever arm is half the width b between the two contact points 3 and 4 with respect to the spring longitudinal axis. Both levers come into effect due to the armature actuation when contact is made and when contact is opened, whereby a frictional movement with the effects already mentioned is achieved at the contact points.

Versieht man auch die Brückenkontaktfeder 1 mit einem elektrischen Anschlußelement, so läßt sich das Relais besonders gut an verschiedene Schaltprobleme anpassen. So läßt sich beispielsweise gemäß Fig. 2 eine Doppelkontaktgabe erzielen, wobei die Schaltspannung U zwischen die Anschlüsse der Brückenkontaktfeder 1 einerseits und der parallel geschalteten Gegenkontaktelemente 5 und 6 andererseits angelegt wird. Eine solche Doppelkontaktgabe erhöht die Schaltsicherheit, insbesondere beim Schalten von kleinen Lasten.If you also provide the bridge contact spring 1 with an electrical connection element, the relay can be adapted particularly well to various switching problems. 2, double contact can be achieved, the switching voltage U being applied between the connections of the bridge contact spring 1 on the one hand and the mating contact elements 5 and 6 connected in parallel on the other. Such double contacting increases switching reliability, especially when switching small loads.

Gemäß Fig. 3 liegt die Schaltspannung U zwischen den beiden Gegenkontaktelementen 5 und 6, so daß die Brückenkontaktfeder 1 lediglich als Kontaktbrücke ohne eigenen Anschluß verwendet wird. In diesem Fall wird der beim Brükkenkontakt erzielbare doppelte Kontaktabstand ausgenutzt.3, the switching voltage U is between the two mating contact elements 5 and 6, so that the bridge contact spring 1 is used only as a contact bridge without its own connection. In this case, the double contact distance that can be achieved with bridge contact is used.

Bei der Schaltung nach Fig. 4 liegt die Schaltspannung U wiederum zwischen der Brückenkontaktfeder 1 und den beiden Gegenkontaktelementen 5 und 6. Diese Gegenkontaktelemente sind jedoch nicht unmittelbar parallel geschaltet, sondern in Reihe zum Gegenkontaktelement 5 liegt ein Zusatzwiderstand 7. Außerdem besitzt das Gegenkontaktelement 5 einen kleineren Kontaktabstand d1 im Vergleich zum Kontaktabstand d2 des Gegenkontaktelementes 6 gegenüber der Brückenkontaktfeder 1. Das Gegenkontaktelement 5 dient also als Vorlaufkontakt, welcher früher schaltet; eine derartige Anordnung kann bei hohen Stromspitzen von Vorteil sein.4, the switching voltage U is in turn between the bridge contact spring 1 and the two mating contact elements 5 and 6. However, these mating contact elements are not directly connected in parallel, but an additional resistor 7 is connected in series with the mating contact element 5. In addition, the mating contact element 5 has one smaller contact distance d1 compared to the contact distance d2 of the mating contact element 6 compared to the bridge contact spring 1. The mating contact element 5 thus serves as a forward contact, which switches earlier; Such an arrangement can be advantageous in the case of high current peaks.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine mäanderförmige Brückenkontaktfeder 21, welche durch die Einschnitte 22 und 23 eine zweimalige Querschnittsverminderung zwischen der Kontaktbrücke 24 und der Einspannstelle 25 auf etwa ein Drittel der sonstigen Federbreite aufweist. Eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform einer Kontaktfeder 26 zeigt Fig. 6. Dort ist am freien Ende der Kontaktfeder 26 beiderseits über einen Steg 27 ein Kontaktschenkel 28 angeformt, welche zusammen als Kontaktbrücke die oben erwähnte Hebelwirkung gegenüber der Einspannstelle 26a erzeugen.FIG. 5 shows a meandering bridge contact spring 21 which, due to the cuts 22 and 23, has a two-fold reduction in cross section between the contact bridge 24 and the clamping point 25 to approximately one third of the other spring width. A modified embodiment of a contact spring 26 is shown in FIG. 6. There, on the free end of the contact spring 26, a contact leg 28 is formed on both sides via a web 27, which together as a contact bridge produce the above-mentioned leverage effect against the clamping point 26a.

In den Fig. 7 bis 9 ist ein einfaches kompaktes Kleinrelais gezeigt, in welchem einer der oben beschriebenen Brückenkontakte angewendet werden kann. Das Relais besitzt einen Grundkörper 31, der gleichzeitig als Spulenkörper für die Wicklung 32 dient. Im Spulenkörper ist ein U-förmiger Kern 33 angeordnet, dessen beide Seitenschenkel 34 und 35 jeweils im Bereich eines Spulenflansches 36 bzw. 37 liegen. Dieser Kern 33 kann zweckmäßigerweise in den Grundkörper 31 eingespritzt werden. Auch kann die Spule nach dem Wickeln mit Kunststoff umspritzt werden. Auf dem Seitenschenkel 34 ist ein Anker 38 gelagert, der plattenförmig über der Spule, parallel zur Grundebene, liegt und mit seinem freien Ende einen Arbeitsluftspalt 39 mit dem Seietenschenkel 35 bildet. Der Anker 38 ist in einem Isolierstoffteil 40 gehalten, welches beispielsweise durch Umspritzen des Ankers gebildet sein kann. In anderer Ausführungsform könnte dieses Isolierstoffteil 40 aber auch den Anker durch Einstecken oder eine andere Befestigungsart aufnehmen. Ober dem lsolierstoffteil 40 liegt eine Brückenkontaktfeder 41, welche sich über die gesamte Spulenlänge erstreckt und über das Isolierstoffteil 40 mit dem Anker 38 fest verbunden ist. Zur Befestigung können an dem tsotierstoffteit 40 beispielsweise Zapfen, Stege oder sonstige Fortsätze vorgesehen sein, welche durch Warmverformen an der Seitenkante oder in Ausnehmungen der Feder41 diese halten. Die Brückenkontaktfeder 41 ist im Bereich des Spulenflansches 36 rechtwinklig nach unten abgebogen und bildet so eine Anschlußfahne 42, die durch eine Ausnehmung 43 des Grundkörpers 31 gesteckt und mit einem abgebogenen Lappen 44 dort verankert ist. Ein im Bereich des Spulenflansches 36 liegender Schenkel 45 des Isolierstoffteiles 41 dient als Rückstellfeder für den Anker, wobei er sich über die Nase 47 an einem herausgebogenen Lappen 48 der Brückenkontaktfeder 41 abstützt.7 to 9 show a simple compact small relay in which one of the bridge contacts described above can be used. The relay has a base body 31 which also serves as a coil body for the winding 32. A U-shaped core 33 is arranged in the coil former, the two side legs 34 and 35 of which lie in the region of a coil flange 36 and 37, respectively. This core 33 can expediently be injected into the base body 31. The coil can also be encapsulated with plastic after winding. An armature 38 is mounted on the side leg 34, which is plate-shaped above the coil, parallel to the base plane, and with its free end a working air gap 39 the Seietenschenkel 35 forms. The armature 38 is held in an insulating part 40, which can be formed, for example, by extrusion-coating the armature. In another embodiment, this insulating material part 40 could also receive the anchor by inserting it or some other type of fastening. Above the insulating part 40 there is a bridge contact spring 41 which extends over the entire coil length and is fixedly connected to the armature 38 via the insulating part 40. For attachment to the tsotierstoffteit 40, for example, pins, webs or other projections can be provided, which hold them by thermoforming on the side edge or in recesses of the spring 41. The bridge contact spring 41 is bent downwards at right angles in the region of the coil flange 36 and thus forms a connecting lug 42 which is inserted through a recess 43 in the base body 31 and anchored there with a bent tab 44. A leg 45 of the insulating part 41 lying in the region of the coil flange 36 serves as a return spring for the armature, wherein it is supported via the nose 47 on a bent-out tab 48 of the bridge contact spring 41.

Das freie Ende der Brückenkontaktfeder 41, die beispielsweise gemäß Fig. 1 T-förmig ausgebildet sein kann, trägt ein Kontaktprofil 49, welches mit zwei Gegenkontaktelementen 50 und 51 zusammenwirkt. Diese beiden Gegenkontaktelemente sind mit ihren Anschlußteilen 50a bzw. 51 a jeweils seitlich vom Spulenflansch 37 angeordnet und mit ihren kontaktgebenden Enden 50b bzw. 51 b in eine gemeinsame Ebene unterhalb der Brückenkontaktfeder 41 gebogen. Gegenüber dem Anker bzw. dem Kern sind sie durch den Schenkel 52 des Isolierstoffteiles 40 zusätzlich isoliert. Durch die seitliche Anordnung der Gegenkontaktelemente ist auch eine gute Wärmeableituhg gewährleistet. Der Spulenflansch 37 besitzt im Bereich zwischen den beiden Gegenkontaktelementen eine Kammer 53 zur Aufnahme einer Getterpille 54, welche zwischen lamellenförmigen Rippen 55 des Grundkörpers befestigt ist. Diese Lamellen bilden weitere Isolierstrecken zwischen den Gegenkontakten, welche auch durch Abbrandprodukte nicht ohne weiteres überbrückbar sind.The free end of the bridge contact spring 41, which can be T-shaped, for example according to FIG. 1, carries a contact profile 49, which cooperates with two counter-contact elements 50 and 51. These two mating contact elements are each arranged laterally with their connecting parts 50a and 51a from the coil flange 37 and bent with their contacting ends 50b and 51b into a common plane below the bridge contact spring 41. They are additionally insulated from the armature or core by the leg 52 of the insulating part 40. The lateral arrangement of the mating contact elements also ensures good heat dissipation. The coil flange 37 has in the area between the two counter-contact elements a chamber 53 for receiving a getter pill 54, which is fastened between lamellar ribs 55 of the base body. These lamellae form further insulating sections between the mating contacts, which cannot be easily bridged even by burn-up products.

Das Relais wird durch eine über dem Grundkörper 31 gestülpte Kappe 56 aus Kunststoff abgeschlossen und an der Unterseite mit einem Vlies 57, das mit Kunstharz getränkt wird, abgedichtet. Eine an der Kappe angeformte Rippe 58 dient zur Hubbegrenzung für den Anker bzw. die Brückenkontaktfeder 41. Außerdem kann die Kontaktfeder vor dem Aufbringen der Kappe von oben beispielsweise nit Laserstrahlen justiert werden.The relay is closed by a plastic cap 56 placed over the base body 31 and sealed on the underside with a fleece 57 which is impregnated with synthetic resin. A rib 58 integrally formed on the cap serves to limit the stroke for the armature or the bridge contact spring 41. In addition, the contact spring can be adjusted from above, for example with laser beams, before the cap is applied.

Eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform zeigt Fig. 10. In diesem Fall bildet der Spulenkörper 61 einen durchgehenden axialen Hohlraum 62, in welchem ein stabförmiger Anker 63 angeordnet ist. Ein U-förmiges Joch 64 ist von unten so in Ausnehmungen des Spulenkörpers 61 eingeschoben, daß es mit seinem Schenkel 65 im Bereich des Spulenflansches 66 eine Lagerstelle für den Anker 63 bildet, während der Schenkel 67 im Bereich des Spulenflansches 68 einen Arbeitsluftspalt mit dem Anker bildet.A modified embodiment is shown in FIG. 10. In this case, the coil former 61 forms a continuous axial cavity 62, in which a rod-shaped armature 63 is arranged. A U-shaped yoke 64 is inserted from below into recesses in the coil former 61 in such a way that its leg 65 forms a bearing point for the armature 63 in the region of the coil flange 66, while the leg 67 in the region of the coil flange 68 forms a working air gap with the armature forms.

Mit dem Anker 63 ist eine Brückenkontaktfeder 69 verbunden, welche über die ganze Länge des Spulenrohres über dem Anker liegt und mit ihrem abgebogenen, als Anschlußfahne dienenden Schenkel 70 im Spulenflansch 66 verankert ist. Durch geeignete Vorspannung kann die Brückenkontaktfeder gleichzeitig als Rückstellfeder für den Anker dienen. Die Brückenkontaktfeder ist auch in diesem Fall T-förmig ausgebildet, wobei der Querschenkel 71 stirnseitig vor der Spulenwicklung im Bereich des Spulenflansches 68 liegt und mit zwei Gegenkontaktelementen 72 zwei Kontaktstellen bildet. Die Gegenkontaktelemente 72 sind wie die Gegenkontaktelemente 50 und 51 seitlich am Spulenflansch befestigt und mit ihren kontaktgebenden Enden in eine waagrechte Ebene unterhalb des Kontaktschenkels 71 der Brückenkontaktfeder abgebogen. Über den Kontaktstellen ist eine Getterpille 73 in geeigneter Weise im Spulenkörper befestigt. Auch dieses Relais ist mit einer Kappe 74 abgeschlossen.A bridge contact spring 69 is connected to the armature 63, which lies over the entire length of the coil tube above the armature and is anchored in the coil flange 66 with its bent leg 70, which serves as a connecting lug. With a suitable preload, the bridge contact spring can also serve as a return spring for the armature. The bridge contact spring is also T-shaped in this case, the cross leg 71 lying on the end face in front of the coil winding in the region of the coil flange 68 and forming two contact points with two mating contact elements 72. The mating contact elements 72, like the mating contact elements 50 and 51, are laterally attached to the coil flange and are bent with their contacting ends into a horizontal plane below the contact leg 71 of the bridge contact spring. A getter pill 73 is fastened in a suitable manner in the coil former over the contact points. This relay is also closed with a cap 74.

Claims (10)

1. A relay having an energising coil, the axis of which extends parallel to the connecting plane, an armature (38; 63) which is parallel to the connecting plane when it is closed, and cooperates with a core yoke (33, 34, 35; 64, 65, 67) bent upwardly in a U-shape and mounted in the region of one end, a contact spring (1: 21; 26; 41; 69) which forms a direct active connection with the armature and extends in parallel above the disc-shaped armature (38; 63) along the entire length of the coil, is provided in the region of the first coil flange (36; 66) with a connecting lug (42; 70) which extends at right angles to the connection plane, and in the region of an opposite, second coil flange (37; 68) is arranged opposite at least one counter-contact element (5, 6: 50, 51; 72), the connecting lug (50a, 51 a) of which extends at right angles to the connection plane and whose contact-making end (50b, 51 b) is bent into a plane which extends in parallel to the contact spring (41; 69), characterised in that the contact spring (1; 21; 26; 41; 69) is designed as a bridge contact spring integrally-connected to its connecting lug (42; 70), connected by the end of a longitudinal flank (1a; 26a) to the armature (38; 63), and at the free ends of this flank bears contact positions (3,4) via a transverse flank (1 b; 24; 27), that the width of the longitudinal flank (1a; 26a) is at least in one section at the maximum equal to half the spacing between the contact positions (3, 4), and that the connecting lugs (50a, 51 a) of two counter-contact elements (5, 6: 50, 51; 52) are arranged on both outer sides of the second coil flange (37; 68) whereas the contact-making ends (50b. 51 b) of the counter-contact elements are bent inwards into a common plane, opposite the bridge contact spring, in mutually-opposing directions.
2. A relay as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the armature (38; 63) is connected to the bridge contact spring via an interposed insulating component (40).
3. A relay as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the insulating component (40) forms a bed for the armature (38).
4. A relay a s claimed in Claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the insulating component (40) has an elastic flank (45) which extends parallel to the connecting lug (42) of the bridge contact spring and serves as a return spring for the armature.
5. A relay a s claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the elastic flank (45) of the insulating component is supported on a cut-away tab (48) of the bridge contact spring.
6. A relay a s claimed in one of the Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that between the counter-contact elements (50, 51) the second coil flange (37) contains a chamber (53) which accommodates a getter (54), where the lateral walls of the chamber have lamellar projections (55).
7. A relay as claimed in one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the armature (63), together with that part of the bridge contact spring (69) which rests upon it, is arranged inside the coil body (61) approximately along the axis, where, outside or the coil body (61), the transverse flank (71) of the bridge contact spring forms two contact positions with the two counter-contact elements (72).
8. A relay as claimed in one of the Claims 1 to 7. characterised in that the bridge contact spring is T-shaped, secured to the armature by the end of its central flank (1 a) and bears the contact positions (3,4) at the free ends of the transverse flank (1b).
9. A relay as claimed in one of the Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the bridge contact spring (26) is attached at one end by its longitudinal flank (26a) to the armature and at least on one side its free end bears a contact flank (28) via a lateral intermediate bridge (27).
10. A relay as claimed in one of the Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that in the region between the clamping position (25) and the contact positions (24) the bridge contact spring is of serpentine formation.
EP83106253A 1982-06-30 1983-06-27 Relay with contact bridge spring Expired EP0099019B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823224468 DE3224468A1 (en) 1982-06-30 1982-06-30 RELAY WITH BRIDGE CONTACT SPRING
DE3224468 1982-06-30

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EP0099019A1 EP0099019A1 (en) 1984-01-25
EP0099019B1 true EP0099019B1 (en) 1986-11-05

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EP83106253A Expired EP0099019B1 (en) 1982-06-30 1983-06-27 Relay with contact bridge spring

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US (1) US4540963A (en)
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JP (1) JPS599824A (en)
DE (2) DE3224468A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS599824A (en) 1984-01-19
EP0099019A1 (en) 1984-01-25
DE3224468C2 (en) 1988-05-19
DE3224468A1 (en) 1984-01-05
US4540963A (en) 1985-09-10
DE3367481D1 (en) 1986-12-11

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