EP0097332B1 - Heat exchanger with fluidised bed - Google Patents

Heat exchanger with fluidised bed Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0097332B1
EP0097332B1 EP19830105890 EP83105890A EP0097332B1 EP 0097332 B1 EP0097332 B1 EP 0097332B1 EP 19830105890 EP19830105890 EP 19830105890 EP 83105890 A EP83105890 A EP 83105890A EP 0097332 B1 EP0097332 B1 EP 0097332B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
fluidised bed
bed according
gridirons
several preceding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP19830105890
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0097332A2 (en
EP0097332A3 (en
Inventor
Hermann Dr. Ing. Möller
Jürgen Pust
Gert Grabler
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Johannes Moeller Hamburg GmbH and Co KG
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Johannes Moeller Hamburg GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0097332A2 publication Critical patent/EP0097332A2/en
Publication of EP0097332A3 publication Critical patent/EP0097332A3/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28CHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/10Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material
    • F28C3/12Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid
    • F28C3/16Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid the particulate material forming a bed, e.g. fluidised, on vibratory sieves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluidized bed heat exchanger for flowable bulk materials, with a container for the bulk material, which is provided with an air-permeable inflow base, and with a controllable device for supplying the material.
  • a fluidized bed heat exchanger is used for heat recovery in connection with the cooling of a bulk material or for heating a bulk material for the purpose of easier further processing.
  • a heat exchanger is used in particular as a cooler for the ashes in a power plant or for the cooling of another fluidizable bulk material such as a building material such as lime, gypsum or cement.
  • the heat exchange takes place through the flow through the bulk material with a gas, in particular air, which is either heated by the hot bulk material and thereby dissipates the heat or which is supplied with the bulk material in a hot state in order to heat it up.
  • Such a heat exchanger is known from US-A-3 401 465.
  • Rotating distributor plates are arranged above the inflow floor.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a fluidized bed heat exchanger which enables a particularly high heat transfer between fluidizing gas and bulk material with small structural dimensions and thus only a short residence time of the bulk material in the heat exchanger.
  • gratings are arranged above the inflow floor. Such gratings prevent the formation of air channels in the Wirbelschidt, particularly in the treatment of poorly flowable bulk goods such as gypsum, lime and similar materials, through which the introduced air flows without swirling the material. If gratings are arranged above the inflow floor, which are rotatably or horizontally movable back and forth and are connected together with a motor-driven shaft, the back and forth movement of such gratings above the inflow floor allows the formation of the undesired channels in a horizontal plane avoid to a particularly high degree. Gratings can also be arranged one above the other in the event that the bed height of the fluidized bed is relatively large. In such cases, the driving forces for the movement of the gratings are relatively small, since the fluidized bed during the fluidization has physical properties that are similar to those of a liquid and thus only offers little resistance to the movement of the gratings.
  • the controllable material removal device advantageously has a height-adjustable baffle, which can be adjusted by a motor if necessary, in order to be able to regulate the bed height of the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed and thus also the residence time of the bulk material in the heat exchanger.
  • the container is provided at the outlet with a pre-deduster, which is connected via a discharge line to a conveying line behind the material removal device, so that the separated fine parts only the material flow is supplied again when or after leaving the container. This also results in a pre-cleaning of the gas, which can then be fed to a filter for its final cleaning.
  • the container is sub-divided into chambers under the inflow floor, which are to be charged with air differently. This allows, for example, more air to be introduced into the bulk material at the beginning of the fluidized bed than at the outlet of the container in view of the fact that the material adheres more closely to one another at the entrance or at the beginning of the fluidized bed than during the further distance.
  • the inflow floor does not need to be inclined, because if more bulk material is entered on the input side of the container than has previously emerged on the output side and consequently the height of the fluidized bed on the input side is greater, then the bulk material flows according to a liquid on the horizontal bottom through the container. Nevertheless, it can be useful if the inclination of the bottom can be adjusted, for example in order to be able to completely empty the container when necessary or to take into account the particular degree of flowability of a material.
  • the fluidized bed heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1 for flowable bulk materials has a box-shaped container 25 which is provided with a material supply device 1 on the inlet side for the bulk material to be fluidized. This has a lock wheel via which the material to be processed is metered into the container 25 in accordance with the arrow.
  • the metering wheel can be controlled by a motor «M.
  • the bulk material arrives on an air-permeable inflow floor 3, which is made of a porous material such as sintered metal, or for example of a fabric which, although it allows air to pass through, prevents the bulk material from falling through the floor.
  • a porous material such as sintered metal, or for example of a fabric which, although it allows air to pass through, prevents the bulk material from falling through the floor.
  • the bulk height “H is adjustable by means of a baffle wall 2, which is also adjustable in height by means of a controllable motor M. Behind this baffle 2 there is a discharge line 26 on the discharge side of the container 25, from which the cooled or heated bulk material is led out according to the arrow for its further use.
  • air is introduced via a manifold 22 into the chambers below the inflow floor 3, which passes through the upstream floor 3 and causes the swirling of the bulk material.
  • the space under the inflow floor 3 is divided into three chambers 13, 14 and 15, which are of different sizes. There is the possibility of generating a higher air pressure in the chamber 13 than, for example, in the chamber 15, in order to achieve a greater loosening at the beginning of the flow path than is subsequently necessary.
  • inflow floor 3 which is air-permeable due to its special nature, it can also be made continuously air-impermeable and can be penetrated by tubes which carry nozzles 18 and 19 above the floor for blowing in the air, as is shown, for example, in the right part of FIG.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 1 it is provided to arrange a horizontally lying perforated plate 8 above the inflow floor 3 in the entrance area, which is designed in the manner of a grating and can be pivoted back and forth to the side.
  • the grating 8 hangs on rods 12, which are fastened to a slide bearing 9 and can be set into a reciprocating pivoting movement via a shaft 10 driven by a motor M, via a cam 11, as can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 5 is.
  • the gas used either cools the material when it is hot or warms it when the material is cold and the gas is hot. In both possible cases. a fine-grained portion of the bulk material is regularly taken away from the gas.
  • a calming section in the manner of a riser pipe 5 is provided on the outlet side of the container 25, which ends in a pre-deduster 4, which is funnel-shaped.
  • An exhaust line 24 leads away from this deduster for the removal of the gas.
  • the separated fine-grained dust is discharged into the discharge line 26 through a discharge member designed as a lock 6 and a discharge line 6 'behind the outlet of the container.
  • the container 25 is subdivided by baffles 7, which are located at the same distance from one another in the container and thereby divide them into chambers of the same size and interconnected, as can be seen particularly clearly in FIG.
  • baffles 7 which are located at the same distance from one another in the container and thereby divide them into chambers of the same size and interconnected, as can be seen particularly clearly in FIG.
  • two walls 16 are provided which are parallel to one another but run obliquely to the side walls of the container.
  • the chambers behind the guide walls 16 can be used for the flow of a heating or cooling agent, so that the guide walls 16 are additionally cooled or heated. This also applies to the arrangement according to FIG. 4, in which the guide walls 17 are designed in an arc shape.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wirbelschicht-Wärmeaustauscher für fließfähige Schüttgüter, mit einem Behälter für das Schüttgut, der mit einem luftdurchlässigen Anströmboden versehen ist sowie mit einer regelbaren Einrichtung für die Gutzuführung. Ein derartiger Wirbelschicht-Wärmeaustauscher findet Anwendung für eine Wärmerückgewinnung in Verbindung mit der Abkühlung eines Schüttgutes oder auch für eine Aufheizung von einem Schüttgut zum Zwecke seiner leichteren Weiterverarbeitung. Insbesondere findet ein solcher Wärmeaustauscher Anwendung als ein Kühler für die Asche in einem Kraftwerk oder für die Kühlung eines anderen fluidisierbaren Massengutes wie eines Baustoffes wie Kalk, Gips oder Zement. Der Wärmeaustausch erfolgt dabei durch die Durchströmung des Schüttgutes mit einem Gas, insbesondere von Luft, das entweder von dem heißen Schüttgut aufgeheizt wird und dadurch die Wärme abführt oder das mit Schüttgut in heißem Zustand zugeleitet wird, um dieses aufzuheizen.The invention relates to a fluidized bed heat exchanger for flowable bulk materials, with a container for the bulk material, which is provided with an air-permeable inflow base, and with a controllable device for supplying the material. Such a fluidized bed heat exchanger is used for heat recovery in connection with the cooling of a bulk material or for heating a bulk material for the purpose of easier further processing. Such a heat exchanger is used in particular as a cooler for the ashes in a power plant or for the cooling of another fluidizable bulk material such as a building material such as lime, gypsum or cement. The heat exchange takes place through the flow through the bulk material with a gas, in particular air, which is either heated by the hot bulk material and thereby dissipates the heat or which is supplied with the bulk material in a hot state in order to heat it up.

Ein derartiger Wärmeaustauscher ist nach der US-A-3 401 465 bekannt. Über dem Anströmboden sind drehbewegliche Verteilplatten angeordnet.Such a heat exchanger is known from US-A-3 401 465. Rotating distributor plates are arranged above the inflow floor.

Das Problem bekannter Wärmeaustauscher liegt in dem Umstand, daß einige Materialien, insbesondere sehr feinkörnige Stoffe, sich weniger zum Fluidisieren eignen, weil sie beim Durchströmen der Luft Agglomerate bilden, die zu einer Klumpenbildung führen. Dadurch bilden sich beim Durchströmen Luftkanäle in dem Fließbett, durch welche die Luft hindurchströmt, ohne daß es zu einem gewünschten Wärmeaustausch kommt. Dies tritt insbesondere dann ein, wenn die Schichthöhe der Wirbelschicht relativ groß ist. Wird jedoch eine niedrige Wirbelschichthöhe gewählt, so bedarf es für einen größeren Wärmeaustausch eines relativ großen Behälters.The problem with known heat exchangers lies in the fact that some materials, in particular very fine-grained substances, are less suitable for fluidization because they form agglomerates when flowing through the air, which leads to the formation of lumps. As a result, air channels are formed in the fluidized bed when flowing through, through which the air flows without causing a desired heat exchange. This occurs in particular when the bed height of the fluidized bed is relatively large. However, if a low fluidized bed height is selected, a relatively large container is required for greater heat exchange.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Wirbelschicht-Wärmeaustauscher zu schaffen, der einen besonders hohen Wärmeübergang zwischen Wirbelgas und Schüttgut bei geringen baulichen Abmessungen ermöglicht und damit eine nur geringe Verweildauer des Schüttgutes im Wärmeaustauscher.The object of the invention is to provide a fluidized bed heat exchanger which enables a particularly high heat transfer between fluidizing gas and bulk material with small structural dimensions and thus only a short residence time of the bulk material in the heat exchanger.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist dafür vorgesehen, daß über dem Anströmboden Gitterroste angeordnet sind. Durch derartige Gitterroste wird insbesondere bei der Behandlung von schlecht fließfähigen Massengütern wie Gips, Kalk und ähnlichen Materialien die Ausbildung von Luftkanälen in der Wirbelschidt, durch welche die eingeleitete Luft ohne Aufwirbelung des Materials hindurch strömt, verhindert. Wenn über dem Anströmboden Gitterroste angeordnet sind, die drehbeweglich oder horizontal hin- und herbewegbar gelagert sind und gemeinsam mit einer motorisch angetriebenen Welle verbunden sind, läßt sich durch das Hin- und Herbewegen derartiger Gitterroste über dem Anströmboden in einer horizontalen Ebene die Ausbildung der unerwünschten Kanäle in besonders hohem Maße vermeiden. Dabei können auch Gitterroste übereinander angeordnet sein für den Fall, daß die Schichthöhe der Wirbelschicht relativ groß ist. Die Antriebskräfte für die Bewegung der Gitterroste sind in derartigen Fällen relativ klein, da die Wirbelschicht während der Fluidisierung physikalische Eigenschaften hat, die denen einer Ftüssigkeit ähnlich sind und damit der Bewegung der Gitterroste nur einen geringen Widerstand entgegen setzt.According to the invention it is provided that gratings are arranged above the inflow floor. Such gratings prevent the formation of air channels in the Wirbelschidt, particularly in the treatment of poorly flowable bulk goods such as gypsum, lime and similar materials, through which the introduced air flows without swirling the material. If gratings are arranged above the inflow floor, which are rotatably or horizontally movable back and forth and are connected together with a motor-driven shaft, the back and forth movement of such gratings above the inflow floor allows the formation of the undesired channels in a horizontal plane avoid to a particularly high degree. Gratings can also be arranged one above the other in the event that the bed height of the fluidized bed is relatively large. In such cases, the driving forces for the movement of the gratings are relatively small, since the fluidized bed during the fluidization has physical properties that are similar to those of a liquid and thus only offers little resistance to the movement of the gratings.

Die regelbare Gutentnahmeeinrichtung weist vorteilhafterweise eine höhenverstellbare Stauwand auf, die gegebenenfalls durch einen Motor zu verstellen ist, um dadurch die Schichthöhe der Wirbelschicht des Fließbettes und damit auch die Verweilzeit des Schüttgutes im Wärmeaustauscher regeln zu können.The controllable material removal device advantageously has a height-adjustable baffle, which can be adjusted by a motor if necessary, in order to be able to regulate the bed height of the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed and thus also the residence time of the bulk material in the heat exchanger.

Während der Fluidisierung des Schüttgutes in der Wirbelschicht tritt regelmäßig auch ein Austrag von Feinteilen aus der Gesamtkornfraktion auf. Um diese nicht in einem Kreislauf dem Gutstrom in der Wirbelschichtkammer wieder zuzuführen, ist nach der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß der Behälter am Ausgang mit einem Vorentstauber versehen ist, der über eine Austragsleitung an eine Förderleitung hinter der Gutentnahmeeinrichtung angeschlossen ist, so daß die abgeschiedenen Feinteile erst dem Gutstrom bei oder nach verlassen des Behälters wieder zugeführt wird. Dadurch ergibt sich auch eine Vorreinigung des Gases, das danach einem Filter für seine Endreinigung zugeführt werden kann.During the fluidization of the bulk material in the fluidized bed, there is also a regular discharge of fine particles from the total grain fraction. In order not to supply the material flow in the fluidized bed chamber again in a circuit, it is provided according to the invention that the container is provided at the outlet with a pre-deduster, which is connected via a discharge line to a conveying line behind the material removal device, so that the separated fine parts only the material flow is supplied again when or after leaving the container. This also results in a pre-cleaning of the gas, which can then be fed to a filter for its final cleaning.

Es wurde weiterhin als vorteilhaft erkannt, wenn der Behälter unter dem Anströmboden in Kammern unterteilt ist, die unterschiedlich mit Luft zu beaufschlagen sind. Dadurch läßt sich beispielsweise am Anfang des Fließbettes mehr Luft in das Schüttgut einleiten als am Ausgang des Behälters im Hinblick darauf, daß am Eingang bzw. am Anfang des Fließbettes das Material enger aneinander haftet als im Verlauf der weiteren Wegstrecke.It has also been recognized as advantageous if the container is sub-divided into chambers under the inflow floor, which are to be charged with air differently. This allows, for example, more air to be introduced into the bulk material at the beginning of the fluidized bed than at the outlet of the container in view of the fact that the material adheres more closely to one another at the entrance or at the beginning of the fluidized bed than during the further distance.

Der Anströmboden braucht an sich nicht geneigt zu sein, denn wenn an der Eingabeseite des Behälters mehr Schüttgut eingegeben wird als zuvor an der Ausgabeseite ausgetreten ist und demzufolge die Höhe des Fließbettes an der Eingangsseite größer ist, so fließt das Schüttgut doch entsprechend einer Flüssigkeit auf dem horizontalen Boden durch den Behälter. Dennoch kann es nützlich sein, wenn der Boden in seiner Neigung verstellbar ist, um beispielsweise im Bedarfsfalle eine vollständige Entleerung des Behälters vornehmen zu können oder dem besonderen Grad der Fließfähigkeit eines Materiales Rechnung tragen zu können.The inflow floor does not need to be inclined, because if more bulk material is entered on the input side of the container than has previously emerged on the output side and consequently the height of the fluidized bed on the input side is greater, then the bulk material flows according to a liquid on the horizontal bottom through the container. Nevertheless, it can be useful if the inclination of the bottom can be adjusted, for example in order to be able to completely empty the container when necessary or to take into account the particular degree of flowability of a material.

Ist die Aufheizung oder Abkühlung eines Materials beabsichtigt, das einen verhältnismäßig hohen Anteil an brennbaren Stoffen aufweist, so besteht die Möglichkeit der Verwendung eines inerten Gases bzw. eines nicht brennbaren Gases, das dann im Rückstrom vorzugsweise wieder verwandt wird. Dafür erfolgt zuvor eine Entreinigung und anschließend eine Rückkühlung oder Wiederaufheizung vor erneuter Einleitung in den Behälter.If it is intended to heat up or cool down a material that has a relatively high proportion of combustible substances, it is possible to use one inert gas or a non-combustible gas, which is then preferably used again in the backflow. For this, cleaning takes place beforehand and then re-cooling or reheating before re-introduction into the container.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf eine Zeichnung erläutert. Darin zeigen :

  • Figur 1 ein Wirbelschicht-Wärmeaustauscher in schematischer Darstellung ;
  • Figur 2 den unteren Teil des Behälters mit schwenkbar gelagertem Anströmboden ;
  • Figur 3 einen Teilquerschnitt vom Behälter mit verschiedenartiger Anordnung von Trennwänden ;
  • Figur 4 einen Teilquerschnitt vom Behälter mit gebogenen Trennwänden und
  • Figur 5 einen Schnitt durch den Behälter mit schwenkbarem Gitterrost;
Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to a drawing. In it show:
  • Figure 1 is a fluidized bed heat exchanger in a schematic representation;
  • Figure 2 shows the lower part of the container with a pivotably mounted inflow base;
  • Figure 3 shows a partial cross section of the container with a different arrangement of partitions;
  • Figure 4 shows a partial cross section of the container with curved partitions and
  • Figure 5 shows a section through the container with pivoting grating;

Der in Figur 1 wiedergegebene Wirbelschicht-Wärmeaustauscher für fließfähige Schüttgüter besitzt einen kastenförmigen Behälter 25, der an der Eingangsseite für das zu fluidisierende Schüttgut mit einer Gutzuführungseinrichtung 1 versehen ist. Diese besitzt ein Schleusenrad über welches das zu bearbeitende Material entsprechend dem Pfeil in den Behälter 25 dosiert zugegeben wird. Das Dosierrad ist von einem Motor « M regelbar anzutreiben.The fluidized bed heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1 for flowable bulk materials has a box-shaped container 25 which is provided with a material supply device 1 on the inlet side for the bulk material to be fluidized. This has a lock wheel via which the material to be processed is metered into the container 25 in accordance with the arrow. The metering wheel can be controlled by a motor «M.

Das Schüttgut gelangt auf einen luftdurchlässigen Anströmboden 3, der aus einem porösen Material wie beispielsweise Sintermetall besteht, oder beispielsweise aus einem Gewebe, das zwar Luft durchläßt, jedoch verhindert, daß das Schüttgut durch den Boden hindurch fällt.The bulk material arrives on an air-permeable inflow floor 3, which is made of a porous material such as sintered metal, or for example of a fabric which, although it allows air to pass through, prevents the bulk material from falling through the floor.

Die Schüttguthöhe « H ist einstellbar durch eine Stauwand 2, die ebenfalls über einen regelbaren Motor M höhenverstellbar ist. Hinter dieser Stauwand 2 befindet sich an der Ausgabeseite des Behälters 25 eine Abförderleitung 26, aus der das abgekühlte oder aufgeheizte Schüttgut entsprechend dem Pfeil herausgeführt wird für seine weitere Verwendung.The bulk height “H is adjustable by means of a baffle wall 2, which is also adjustable in height by means of a controllable motor M. Behind this baffle 2 there is a discharge line 26 on the discharge side of the container 25, from which the cooled or heated bulk material is led out according to the arrow for its further use.

Für die Aufwirbelung des Schüttgutes wird über eine Sammelleitung 22 Luft in die Kammern unterhalb des Anströmbodens 3 eingeleitet, welche durch den Anströmboden 3 nach oben durchtritt und die Verwirbelung des Schüttgutes hervorruft. Der Raum unter dem Anströmboden 3 ist in drei Kammern 13, 14 und 15 unterteilt, die von unterschiedlicher Größe sind. Es besteht die Möglichkeit, in der Kammer 13 einen höheren Luftdruck zu erzeugen als beispielsweise in der Kammer 15, um zu Beginn des Fließweges eine stärkere Auflockerung zu erzielen als sie danach notwendig ist.For the swirling of the bulk material, air is introduced via a manifold 22 into the chambers below the inflow floor 3, which passes through the upstream floor 3 and causes the swirling of the bulk material. The space under the inflow floor 3 is divided into three chambers 13, 14 and 15, which are of different sizes. There is the possibility of generating a higher air pressure in the chamber 13 than, for example, in the chamber 15, in order to achieve a greater loosening at the beginning of the flow path than is subsequently necessary.

Anstelle eines aufgrund seiner besonderen Beschaffenheit luftdurchlässigen Anströmbodens 3 kann dieser auch durchgehend luftundurchlässig ausgebildet sein und von Rohren durchsetzt sein, welche über dem Boden Düsen 18 und 19 tragen zum Einblasen der Luft, wie es im rechten Teil der Figur 1 beispielsweise dargestellt ist.Instead of an inflow floor 3, which is air-permeable due to its special nature, it can also be made continuously air-impermeable and can be penetrated by tubes which carry nozzles 18 and 19 above the floor for blowing in the air, as is shown, for example, in the right part of FIG.

Da normalerweise beim Durchtritt der Luft durch den Anströmboden 3 die Gefahr besteht, daß sich über dem Anströmboden 3 in dem Schüttgut Kanäle ausbilden, durch welche die Luft ungehindert nach oben durchtritt, d. h. ohne eine besondere Aufwirbelung des Schüttgutes hervorzurufen, ist bei der Ausführung nach Figur 1 vorgesehen, über dem Anströmboden 3 im Eingangsbereich ein horizontal liegendes Lochblech 8 anzuordnen, das in der Art eines Gitterrostes ausgebildet ist und seitlich hin- und herschwenkbar ist. Das Gitterrost 8 hängt dafür an Stangen 12, die an einem Gleitlager 9 befestigt sind und über eine von einem Motor M angetriebene Welle 10 über einen Nocken 11 in eine hin-und hergehende Schwenkbewegung zu versetzen sind, wie es besonders deutlich der Figur 5 zu entnehmen ist.Since normally when the air passes through the inflow floor 3, there is a risk that channels will form above the inflow floor 3 in the bulk material, through which channels the air will pass unhindered upwards, i.e. H. Without causing a special whirling up of the bulk material, in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 it is provided to arrange a horizontally lying perforated plate 8 above the inflow floor 3 in the entrance area, which is designed in the manner of a grating and can be pivoted back and forth to the side. For this purpose, the grating 8 hangs on rods 12, which are fastened to a slide bearing 9 and can be set into a reciprocating pivoting movement via a shaft 10 driven by a motor M, via a cam 11, as can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 5 is.

Da bei einer größeren Schütthöhe H auch bei Anordnung eines Lochbleches 8 noch die Möglichkeit gegeben ist, daß sich über diesem unerwünschte Kanäle ausbilden, ist bei der Ausführung nach Figur 1 über dem Boden im Bereich der Kammer 14 die Anordnung von zwei im Abstand übereinander liegenden Gitterrosten 20 und 21 vorgesehen.Since at a greater dumping height H there is still the possibility that undesired channels are formed over this even with the arrangement of a perforated plate 8, in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 above the floor in the area of the chamber 14 the arrangement of two gratings lying one above the other is at a distance 20 and 21 provided.

Beim Betrieb des Wärmeaustauschers wird durch das benutzte Gas das Material entweder abgekühlt, wenn es heiß ist oder erwännt, wenn das Material kalt ist und das Gas heiß ist. In beiden möglichen Fällen wird. regelmäßig von dem Gas ein feinkörniger Anteil des Schüttgutes mitgenommen. Um diesen Feinkornanteil abzuscheiden, ist an der Ausgangsseite des Behälters 25 eine Beruhigungsstrecke in Art eines Steigrohres 5 vorgesehen, das in einem Vorentstauber 4 mündet, der trichterförmig ausgebildet ist. Von diesem Vorentstauber führt eine Abgasleitung 24 für die Abförderung des Gases ab. Der abgeschiedene feinkörnige Staub wird durch ein als Schleuse 6 ausgebildetes Austragsorgan und eine Austragsleitung 6' hinter dem Ausgang des Behälters in die Abförderleitung 26 abgegeben.When the heat exchanger is operating, the gas used either cools the material when it is hot or warms it when the material is cold and the gas is hot. In both possible cases. a fine-grained portion of the bulk material is regularly taken away from the gas. In order to separate this fine grain fraction, a calming section in the manner of a riser pipe 5 is provided on the outlet side of the container 25, which ends in a pre-deduster 4, which is funnel-shaped. An exhaust line 24 leads away from this deduster for the removal of the gas. The separated fine-grained dust is discharged into the discharge line 26 through a discharge member designed as a lock 6 and a discharge line 6 'behind the outlet of the container.

Der Behälter 25 ist bei der Ausführung nach Figur 1 durch Leitbleche 7 unterteilt, die sich in dem Behälter im gleichen Abstand zueinander stehend gegenüberstehen und diesen dadurch in gleichgroße und miteinander verbundene Kammer unterteilen, wie es besonders deutlich Figur 3 erkennen läßt. Bei dieser Anordnung besteht jedoch die Gefahr, daß sich beim Durchfluß des Schüttgutes Aufstauungen in den Eckbereichen am Fuß der Leitbleche 7 ergeben. Vorteilhafter ist es deshalb, wenn stattdessen jeweils zwei parallel zueinander stehende jedoch schräg zu den Seitenwänden des Behälters verlaufende Wände 16 vorgesehen werden. Dadurch wird das Schüttgut zick-zack förmig durch den Behälter hindurchgeleitet. Die hinter den Leitwänden 16 liegenden Kammern können ausgenutzt werden für den Durchfluß eines Heiz- oder Kühlmittels, so daß die Leitwände 16 zusätzlich gekühlt oder aufgeheizt werden. Das gilt auch bei der Anordnung entsprechend Figur 4, bei welcher die Leitwände 17 bogenförmig gestaltet sind.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the container 25 is subdivided by baffles 7, which are located at the same distance from one another in the container and thereby divide them into chambers of the same size and interconnected, as can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. With this arrangement, however, there is a risk that there will be damming in the corner areas at the foot of the guide plates 7 when the bulk material flows through. It is therefore more advantageous if instead two walls 16 are provided which are parallel to one another but run obliquely to the side walls of the container. As a result, the bulk material is passed zigzag through the container. The chambers behind the guide walls 16 can be used for the flow of a heating or cooling agent, so that the guide walls 16 are additionally cooled or heated. This also applies to the arrangement according to FIG. 4, in which the guide walls 17 are designed in an arc shape.

Claims (9)

1. Heat exchanger with fluidised bed for free- flowing bulk goods with a thank for the bulk goods which is supplied with an air permeable blowing bottom as well as with an adjustable material feeding device, characterised in that gridirons (8, 20, 21) are placed over the blowing bottom (3).
2. Heat exchanger with fluidised bed according to claim 1, characterised in that the gridirons (8, 20, 21) are rotatable or can be subject to reciprocating horizontal motion.
3. Heat exchanger with fluidised bed according to claim 2, characterised in that the gridirons (8, 20, 21) are connected with a motor-driven spindle (10).
4. Heat exchanger with fluidised bed according to one or several preceding claims, characterised in that several gridirons (20, 21) are superimposed.
5. Heat exchanger with fluidised bed according to one or several preceding claims, characterised in that gridirons (8, 20) are arranged in tandem at the same height.
6. Heat exchanger with fluidised bed according to one several preceding claims, characterised in that an adjustable goods removal device (2) presents a skin-plate with adjustable height.
7. Heat exchanger with fluidised bed according to one or several preceding claims, characterised in that the tank under the blowing bottom (3) is divided into chambers (13, 14, 15) into which a different amount of air is to be admitted.
8. Heat exchanger with fluidised bed according to one or several preceding claims, characterised in that the blowing bottom (3) inclination is adjustable.
9. Heat exchanger with fluidised bed according to one or several preceding claims, characterised in that the tank (25) output is supplied with a primary dust box (4) which is connected to a conveyor pipe (26) behind the goods removal device (2) by means of a delivery pipe (6').
EP19830105890 1982-06-19 1983-06-16 Heat exchanger with fluidised bed Expired EP0097332B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3223047 1982-06-19
DE19823223047 DE3223047C2 (en) 1982-06-19 1982-06-19 Fluid bed heat exchanger

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EP0097332A2 EP0097332A2 (en) 1984-01-04
EP0097332A3 EP0097332A3 (en) 1984-05-02
EP0097332B1 true EP0097332B1 (en) 1985-10-09

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Cited By (1)

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DE3223047A1 (en) * 1982-06-19 1983-12-22 Johannes Möller Hamburg GmbH & Co KG, 2000 Hamburg FLUIDIZED LAYER HEAT EXCHANGER

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3223047A1 (en) * 1982-06-19 1983-12-22 Johannes Möller Hamburg GmbH & Co KG, 2000 Hamburg FLUIDIZED LAYER HEAT EXCHANGER

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0097332A2 (en) 1984-01-04
DE3223047C2 (en) 1986-10-23
DE3223047A1 (en) 1983-12-22
EP0097332A3 (en) 1984-05-02

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