EP0094299B1 - Matériau composite du type panneaux sandwich autoportants - Google Patents
Matériau composite du type panneaux sandwich autoportants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0094299B1 EP0094299B1 EP83400883A EP83400883A EP0094299B1 EP 0094299 B1 EP0094299 B1 EP 0094299B1 EP 83400883 A EP83400883 A EP 83400883A EP 83400883 A EP83400883 A EP 83400883A EP 0094299 B1 EP0094299 B1 EP 0094299B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- foam
- layer
- composite material
- bitumen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000538 Poly[(phenyl isocyanate)-co-formaldehyde] Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000636 poly(norbornene) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
- E04C2/205—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
- E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
- E04D3/351—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material
- E04D3/352—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material at least one insulating layer being located between non-insulating layers, e.g. double skin slabs or sheets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite material of the self-supporting sandwich panel type, usable in particular as a prefabricated roofing element for buildings.
- Self-supporting sandwich panels consist of an insulating core of polyurethane foam. or polyisocyanurate between a metal sheet, for example of ribbed steel, and a sheet of sealing coating. These panels are used in the building industry. They are in particular manufactured by a continuous process consisting of unwinding and shaping a steel sheet, simultaneously unwinding a sheet of sealing coating, injecting between the two sheets a polyol, an isocyanate and a blowing agent, to cause continuously polymerizing and expanding the resin and cutting the panel obtained to the desired size. A process of this kind is for example described in FR-A-2 003 281.
- a sheet of bitumen or a mixture of bitumen and reinforced elastomer is advantageously used (that is to say comprising in its thickness a reinforcement constituted for example by a veil of glass fibers) .
- the sandwich panels thus produced frequently have surface defects corresponding to the appearance of folds or blisters on the surface of the sealing sheet.
- release in the foam of the blowing agent or of C0 2 by the action of traces of water on the isocyanate removal of the foam during cooling during manufacturing, insufficient adhesion between the sealing layer and the foam.
- These defects appear either at the end of manufacture, or subsequently during storage or after implementation. They are particularly troublesome insofar as they harm the surface appearance and / or the longevity of the covers made, causing disorders even after application of the final sealing layer.
- the present invention relates to a new composite material which can be obtained continuously in the form of a panel without having the surface defects found in the prior art. It also provides improved adhesion of the foam sealing coating sheet.
- the composite material of the sandwich panel type according to the invention comprises an insulating core of polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam situated between a rigid sheet and a bitumen-based waterproofing coating sheet and it is characterized in that it comprises, between the sealing sheet and the insulating foam core, a layer of fibrous material.
- the insulating core of the sandwich panels according to the invention consists, as is known per se, of rigid polyurethane foam or polyisocyanu spleen.
- the diisocyanates generally used are toluene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate (PAPI).
- the polyols used are compounds with hydroxyl functions obtained either by esterification of polyacids with polyols (saturated polyesters) or by the action of polyols on propylene oxide (polyethers).
- the blowing agent is usually trichlorofluoromethane or freon 11. Water acts on the isocyanate functions with release of C0 2 which participates in the expansion.
- the catalyst is generally a tertiary amine.
- Polyisocyanurate foams are obtained by reducing the quantity of polyol and by using specific catalysts which cause trimerization of isocyanate molecules.
- the rigid sheet used for the manufacture of sandwich panels according to the invention is for example constituted by a ribbed steel sheet from a few tenths of a millimeter to a few millimeters thick. Instead of steel, a sheet of rigid plastic or another metal can be used.
- the sealing coating sheet is formed from distillation bitumens or oxidized bitumens or mixtures of bitumen and elastomer known per se.
- the mixtures of bitumen and elastomer comprise, for example, 3 to 15% of an elastomer such as butadiene-styrene rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer, polynorbornene terpolymer, or else 10 to 15% of polypropylene.
- the sealing coating sheet can be reinforced, that is to say in its thickness include a material fibrous such as a veil of glass fibers or a mat of polyester fibers.
- the layer of fibrous material used according to the invention comprises mineral fibers (glass fibers, asbestos fibers) and / or organic fibers (synthetic fibers, etc.).
- mineral fibers glass fibers, asbestos fibers
- organic fibers synthetic fibers, etc.
- a polyester fiber mat is advantageously used.
- the layer of fibrous material can be continuous, that is to say interposed between the sealing coating sheet and the foam over their entire surface, or else discontinuous (for example having perforations), that is to say say allowing direct contact surfaces between the waterproofing sheet and the foam.
- a sheet of waterproofing covering comprising a layer of bitumen deposited on one of the faces of the sheet is used according to the invention.
- reinforcement the other face of the reinforcement coming into contact with the insulation.
- this appreciably improves the adhesion of the sealing sheet to the foam (the breaking stress and the peeling force are considerably increased) and acts as an evacuation layer for the gases coming from the foam.
- the reinforcement thus deposited absorbs dimensional variations due to the shrinkage of polymerization and to thermal stresses during use.
- a rigid sheet is continuously unrolled and / or conformed, a sheet of waterproofing coating, optionally reinforced, based on bitumen is simultaneously unrolled, polyurethane foam or polyisocyanurate between the rigid sheet and the waterproofing sheet and a layer of fibrous material is continuously unrolled simultaneously between the foam and the waterproofing sheet. Then the panel is conformed to the desired thickness, the foam is hardened and finally the panel elements are cut to the desired length.
- a sheet of steel 1 mm thick was formed by forming longitudinal ribs and a layer of oxidized bitumen was unrolled parallel to this sheet, at a distance of 60 mm. deposited on a nonwoven polyester sheet having a mass per m 2 of 150 grams. Between the polyester sheet and the steel sheet, a foam obtained from a mixture of 44 parts of polyether-polyol was injected. 155 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate (PAPI) and 31 parts of freon 11.
- PAPI polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate
- the panel thus obtained has a good surface condition, in particular without the presence of folds or blisters.
- the peel strength at 90 ° of the bitumen layer was measured.
- the decohesion force of the bitumen, on a 10 cm wide sample was 110 newtons.
- the decohesion force of the bitumen, measured under the same conditions is 60 newtons.
- a sample from the same panel was subjected to an artificial aging test at 70 ° C for 120 hours.
- the CO 2 content of the foam which was 0.5% before aging, is rounded to 0.05% after aging, which shows that the gases formed are. are evacuated.
- the aged panel has no surface defects such as folds or blisters.
- the CO 2 content of the foam (0.5%) increased slightly during the test and blisters appeared on the surface.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT83400883T ATE26146T1 (de) | 1982-05-10 | 1983-05-03 | Zusammengesetztes material in der form von selbsttragenden platten. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8208039A FR2526463A1 (fr) | 1982-05-10 | 1982-05-10 | Materiaux composites du type panneaux sandwich autoportants prefabriques et leur procede d'obtention |
| FR8208039 | 1982-05-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0094299A1 EP0094299A1 (fr) | 1983-11-16 |
| EP0094299B1 true EP0094299B1 (fr) | 1987-03-25 |
Family
ID=9273860
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP83400883A Expired EP0094299B1 (fr) | 1982-05-10 | 1983-05-03 | Matériau composite du type panneaux sandwich autoportants |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0094299B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| AT (1) | ATE26146T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE3370505D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2526463A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2573460B1 (fr) * | 1984-11-16 | 1988-05-06 | Siplast Sa | Panneaux sandwiches autoportants prefabriques pour revetements d'etancheite a couche de diffusion, et leur procede de fabrication |
| BE1001915A3 (nl) * | 1987-05-21 | 1990-04-10 | Recticel Nv | Isolerende dakplaat. |
| EP1891280A1 (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2008-02-27 | Kingspan Research and Developments Limited | A roof panel |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1367857A (fr) * | 1963-08-12 | 1964-07-24 | Chape d'étanchéité anti-cloques | |
| DE1559358A1 (de) * | 1964-05-21 | 1969-08-21 | Huetzen Gmbh H | Daemmplatte,insbesondere fuer Daecher |
| DE1609433A1 (de) * | 1967-03-22 | 1970-03-26 | Korff & Co Spezialbaustoffe | Waermedaemmplatte |
| FR2003281A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1968-03-05 | 1969-11-07 | Metecno |
-
1982
- 1982-05-10 FR FR8208039A patent/FR2526463A1/fr active Granted
-
1983
- 1983-05-03 DE DE8383400883T patent/DE3370505D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-05-03 EP EP83400883A patent/EP0094299B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1983-05-03 AT AT83400883T patent/ATE26146T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2526463A1 (fr) | 1983-11-10 |
| DE3370505D1 (en) | 1987-04-30 |
| ATE26146T1 (de) | 1987-04-15 |
| FR2526463B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1984-11-23 |
| EP0094299A1 (fr) | 1983-11-16 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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