EP0094098A1 - Hochtemperatur-Zyklonabscheider für Vergasungssystem - Google Patents

Hochtemperatur-Zyklonabscheider für Vergasungssystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0094098A1
EP0094098A1 EP83104682A EP83104682A EP0094098A1 EP 0094098 A1 EP0094098 A1 EP 0094098A1 EP 83104682 A EP83104682 A EP 83104682A EP 83104682 A EP83104682 A EP 83104682A EP 0094098 A1 EP0094098 A1 EP 0094098A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
cyclone separator
inner shell
separator according
outer shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83104682A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ram Gopal Seth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KRW Energy Systems Inc
Original Assignee
KRW Energy Systems Inc
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KRW Energy Systems Inc, Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical KRW Energy Systems Inc
Publication of EP0094098A1 publication Critical patent/EP0094098A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C1/00—Apparatus in which the main direction of flow follows a flat spiral ; so-called flat cyclones or vortex chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/10—Vortex chamber constructions with perforated walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/20—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed with heating or cooling, e.g. quenching, means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/22—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed with cleaning means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/78—High-pressure apparatus

Definitions

  • This invention relates to gasification of carbonaceous materials, and more particularly to apparatus for removal of entrained particles from the product gas of fluidized bed gasification reactors.
  • a combustible product gas is produced, as well as solid waste products such as agglomerated ash.
  • PDU Process Development Unit
  • particulate coal is injected through one of a number of concentric tubes extending upwardly into the center of a vertical bed- containing pressure vessel. Fluidization occurs in the upper sections.
  • the product gas from gasified coal contains a significant amount of entrained particles, a large percentage of which is molten at the gasifier exit temperatures of between 930°C and 1040°C, typically approximately 980°C.
  • These particles which are of varying chemical composition, will stick both to metallic and non-metallic surfaces regardless of the angle of incidence of the gas flow to the surface, as the gas flows from the gasifier exit. It has been demonstrated that eventually flow passages will plug with solidified material, and the efficiency of the cyclone separator will fall correspondingly.
  • Condition (a) has been achieved by water spray quench, but this method is not energy efficient for certain operations.
  • Condition (b) has been achieved by water cooling of an uninsulated metal plate, but erosion of the plate has been significant and the pressure differential across the plate necessitates special precautions.
  • the present invention resides in a cyclone separator for separating entrained particles from a first gas, comprising an outer shell, first gas tangential inletting means for introducing said first gas into said interior plenum, axial gas discharge means for removing said first gas from said interior plenum, and particle discharge means for discharging said particles from said interior plenum, characterized in that a foraminous inner shell is disposed within said outer shell in spaced relationship therefrom so as to define a cavity between said inner shell and said outer shell, said inner shell further defining an interior plenum, and that second gas inletting means are associated with said outer shell for introducing a second gas into said cavity at a higher pressure than said first gas, said second gas being forced through foraminous inner shell into said interior plenum.
  • a cyclone separator 20 as shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises an outer shell 22, a porous inner shell 24 disposed within the outer shell 22, a product gas inlet 26, tangentially disposed through the outer shell 22 and the inner shell 24, a product gas outlet 28 disposed through the outer shell 22 and the inner shell 24, at the top of the cyclone separator 20, a particle outlet 30 disposed through the outer shell 22 and the inner shell 24, at the bottom of the cyclone separator 20 and a cooling gas inlet 32 disposed through the outer shell 22.
  • a cavity 34 is formed between the inner shell 24 and the outer shell 22, and an interior plenum 36 is formed inside the inner shell 24.
  • the porous or foraminous inner shell 24 can be made of a corrosion resistant material such as Inconel or a refractory ceramic.
  • a corrosion resistant material such as Inconel or a refractory ceramic.
  • One embodiment may be an inherently porous material such as refractory ceramic, while another may be a metal with a plurality of holes for passage of the gas through the metal.
  • the cyclone separator 20 operates as follows.
  • a gas containing entrained particles such as the product gas from a carbonaceous material gasifier system which contains molten and solid entrained particles, enters the interior plenum 36 tangentially through the product gas inlet 26.
  • the entrained particles impinge against the inner shell 24.
  • the entrained particles' velocity falls and the particles fall to the bottom of the interior plenum 36, where they are discharged through the particle outlet 30.
  • a cooling gas at a pressure greater (typically 0.07 kg/cm 2 to 1.05 kg/cm 2 greater) than the pressure of the product gas, enters the cavity 34 through the cooling gas inlet 32.
  • This gas moves through the porous inner shell 24 by transpiration through pores or a plurality of fabricated small holes which may be directed generally downward to the center of the plenum 36 and distributed throughout the inner shell 24.
  • the temperature of the cooling gas may be between 24°C and 66°C and typically approximately 38°C, and this gas will cool the inner shell 24 to a temperature of about 204°C.
  • the product gas from which a quantity of entrained particles has been removed exits the interior plenum 36 through the raw gas outlet 28.
  • transpiration cooling involves the passage of a fluid coolant 40 through a material, by either the use in the porous inner shell 24 of numerous holes 42 or of a material with numerous pores 44.
  • the holes 42 or pores 44 provide a very high ratio of heat transfer area to coolant flow rate.
  • transpiration cooling will allow the porous inner shell 24 to be at or near 204°C. As a result, very little deposition of particles will occur.
  • porous inner shell 24 Since the porous inner shell 24 is continuously cooled, it is not subjected to extreme thermal stresses and can be made thinner than without the cooling. This reduces the cost and complexity of fabrication, repair or replacement of the porous inner shell 24.
  • hole size and hole surface density (number of holes per unit surface area of the inner shell 24), or alternatively of material porosity, must be based on the exact cooling characteristics required. Factors such as cyclone separator 20 height and diameter, product gas temperature and particle loading, fluid coolant 40 temperature and flow volume will all effect the amount of cooling capacity required. This in turn will effect the amount of heat transfer area on which the hole sizing and hole surface density, or material porosity is based.
  • the fluid coolant 40 used will be product gas which has been processed by cooling and removal of substantially all the entrained particles.
  • the advantage of this method is that there is no chemical change in the product exiting the cyclone separator 20 due to the addition of a cooling gas of another chemical composition.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
EP83104682A 1982-05-12 1983-05-11 Hochtemperatur-Zyklonabscheider für Vergasungssystem Withdrawn EP0094098A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US37752582A 1982-05-12 1982-05-12
US377525 1982-05-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0094098A1 true EP0094098A1 (de) 1983-11-16

Family

ID=23489453

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83104682A Withdrawn EP0094098A1 (de) 1982-05-12 1983-05-11 Hochtemperatur-Zyklonabscheider für Vergasungssystem

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0094098A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS58205555A (de)
KR (1) KR840004873A (de)
AU (1) AU1397783A (de)
CA (1) CA1199284A (de)
ES (1) ES8404203A1 (de)
IN (1) IN156704B (de)
ZA (1) ZA833021B (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0175819A1 (de) * 1982-12-13 1986-04-02 Texaco Development Corporation Vorrichtung zum Vergasen von Kohle mit eingebauter Schlackenfalle
EP0244523A1 (de) * 1986-05-08 1987-11-11 Morinaga & Co., Ltd. Vorrichtung zur Beseitigung von festen Teilchen aus einem Tragegas
FR2610220A1 (fr) * 1987-02-02 1988-08-05 Reparmetal Nord Sarl Procede en vue d'eviter le colmatage des parois internes des cyclones, moyens mettant en oeuvre ce procede et cyclones pourvus de ces moyens
FR2622179A1 (fr) * 1987-10-23 1989-04-28 Mouzon Sa Air Tech G Separateur intervenant dans les installations de transport a distance d'objets par flux d'air
WO1992004983A1 (en) * 1990-09-14 1992-04-02 Abb Carbon Ab Lining
EP0545387A1 (de) * 1991-12-03 1993-06-09 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Methode und Vorrichtung zur Vergasung oder Verbrennung von kohlenstoffhaltigem festen Material
EP1282908A2 (de) * 2000-05-10 2003-02-12 Essox Research and Development, Inc. Plasmabehandlungsmethode und -apparat
DE102005061949A1 (de) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-28 Rüdiger Dr. Schmidt Verfahren zur Verhinderung prozeßbedingter Querschnittsverengungen in Rohrleitungen und sonstigen Anlagen
WO2011032620A1 (en) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-24 Outotec Oyj Cyclone for separating sticky particles from gas streams
US8157895B2 (en) 2010-05-04 2012-04-17 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc System for reducing head space in a pressure cyclone
CN102553734A (zh) * 2012-03-21 2012-07-11 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 一种旋风除尘器
US8251227B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2012-08-28 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc Methods and apparatus for separating particulates from a particulate-fluid mixture
CN103785549A (zh) * 2012-10-29 2014-05-14 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 旋风分离器
WO2016077463A1 (en) * 2014-11-12 2016-05-19 Nordson Corporation Powder coating systems with air or liquid cooled cyclone separators

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6193850A (ja) * 1984-10-16 1986-05-12 Morinaga & Co Ltd サイクロン
US5166018A (en) * 1985-09-13 1992-11-24 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Photosensitive member with hydrogen-containing carbon layer
JPH0466143A (ja) * 1990-07-06 1992-03-02 Chiyuugai Purotsukusu Kk 焙煎用サイクロンセパレーター
DE69125007T2 (de) * 1990-08-03 1997-07-10 Sanko Industries Corp., Kisarazu, Chiba Verfahren, vorrichtung und system für die behandlung von rauchgas

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB581316A (en) * 1944-09-05 1946-10-08 Balfour & Co Ltd Henry Improvements in centrifugal apparatus for extraction of dust and tar from gases at high temperatures
GB1177176A (en) * 1966-04-18 1970-01-07 Beloit Corp Porous Cone Cleaner
FR2263036A1 (de) * 1974-03-06 1975-10-03 Bayer Ag

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB581316A (en) * 1944-09-05 1946-10-08 Balfour & Co Ltd Henry Improvements in centrifugal apparatus for extraction of dust and tar from gases at high temperatures
GB1177176A (en) * 1966-04-18 1970-01-07 Beloit Corp Porous Cone Cleaner
FR2263036A1 (de) * 1974-03-06 1975-10-03 Bayer Ag

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0175819A1 (de) * 1982-12-13 1986-04-02 Texaco Development Corporation Vorrichtung zum Vergasen von Kohle mit eingebauter Schlackenfalle
EP0244523A1 (de) * 1986-05-08 1987-11-11 Morinaga & Co., Ltd. Vorrichtung zur Beseitigung von festen Teilchen aus einem Tragegas
US4713096A (en) * 1986-05-08 1987-12-15 Morinaga & Co., Ltd. Apparatus for separating granular solids from carrying gas
FR2610220A1 (fr) * 1987-02-02 1988-08-05 Reparmetal Nord Sarl Procede en vue d'eviter le colmatage des parois internes des cyclones, moyens mettant en oeuvre ce procede et cyclones pourvus de ces moyens
EP0278793A1 (de) * 1987-02-02 1988-08-17 Reparmetal Nord Sarl Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vermeiden von Kolmatierung der Zykloninnenwände und diese Vorrichtung enthaltender Zyklon
FR2622179A1 (fr) * 1987-10-23 1989-04-28 Mouzon Sa Air Tech G Separateur intervenant dans les installations de transport a distance d'objets par flux d'air
WO1992004983A1 (en) * 1990-09-14 1992-04-02 Abb Carbon Ab Lining
US5597628A (en) * 1990-09-14 1997-01-28 Abb Carbon Ab Lining
EP0545387A1 (de) * 1991-12-03 1993-06-09 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Methode und Vorrichtung zur Vergasung oder Verbrennung von kohlenstoffhaltigem festen Material
EP1282908A2 (de) * 2000-05-10 2003-02-12 Essox Research and Development, Inc. Plasmabehandlungsmethode und -apparat
EP1282908A4 (de) * 2000-05-10 2006-04-26 Essox Res And Dev Inc Plasmabehandlungsmethode und -apparat
DE102005061949B4 (de) * 2005-12-23 2010-04-01 Rüdiger Dr. Schmidt Verwendung von Keramikrohren zu Verhinderung von prozeßbedingter Querschnittsverengungen und sonstigen Anlagen
DE102005061949A1 (de) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-28 Rüdiger Dr. Schmidt Verfahren zur Verhinderung prozeßbedingter Querschnittsverengungen in Rohrleitungen und sonstigen Anlagen
EA021413B1 (ru) * 2009-09-21 2015-06-30 Ототек Оюй Циклон для очистки газового потока от слипающихся частиц
WO2011032620A1 (en) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-24 Outotec Oyj Cyclone for separating sticky particles from gas streams
CN102574134A (zh) * 2009-09-21 2012-07-11 奥图泰有限公司 用于从气流中分离粘性微粒的旋风分离器
US8657934B2 (en) 2009-09-21 2014-02-25 Outotec Oyj Cyclone for separating sticky particles from gas streams
US8251227B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2012-08-28 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc Methods and apparatus for separating particulates from a particulate-fluid mixture
US8157895B2 (en) 2010-05-04 2012-04-17 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc System for reducing head space in a pressure cyclone
US8226749B1 (en) * 2010-05-04 2012-07-24 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc System for reducing head space in a pressure cyclone
US20120204721A1 (en) * 2010-05-04 2012-08-16 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc System for reducing head space in a pressure cyclone
CN102553734A (zh) * 2012-03-21 2012-07-11 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 一种旋风除尘器
CN103785549A (zh) * 2012-10-29 2014-05-14 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 旋风分离器
WO2016077463A1 (en) * 2014-11-12 2016-05-19 Nordson Corporation Powder coating systems with air or liquid cooled cyclone separators
US10913085B2 (en) 2014-11-12 2021-02-09 Nordson Corporation Powder coating systems with air or liquid cooled cyclone separators

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1199284A (en) 1986-01-14
AU1397783A (en) 1983-11-17
IN156704B (de) 1985-10-19
ZA833021B (en) 1984-04-25
JPS58205555A (ja) 1983-11-30
ES522283A0 (es) 1984-04-16
KR840004873A (ko) 1984-10-31
ES8404203A1 (es) 1984-04-16

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19840411

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: KRW ENERGY SYSTEMS INC.

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18W Application withdrawn

Withdrawal date: 19850523

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: SETH, RAM GOPAL