EP0093682B1 - Cardboard packing provided with reinforcements - Google Patents
Cardboard packing provided with reinforcements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0093682B1 EP0093682B1 EP83420077A EP83420077A EP0093682B1 EP 0093682 B1 EP0093682 B1 EP 0093682B1 EP 83420077 A EP83420077 A EP 83420077A EP 83420077 A EP83420077 A EP 83420077A EP 0093682 B1 EP0093682 B1 EP 0093682B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- uprights
- packing
- wood
- lateral faces
- reinforcements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
- B65D5/001—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper stackable
- B65D5/005—Separate or attached stacking elements
- B65D5/007—Wooden elements affixed to the container blank before or during erection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cardboard packaging with raised heads, with a cardboard part comprising a rectangular bottom, two large lateral faces articulated at the bottom, and two small lateral faces articulated at the bottom and assembled with the large lateral faces, this packaging further comprising reinforcements of wood or similar material forming, at the four corners of the packaging, uprights fixed externally against one of the small side faces and also fixed against the ends of the large side faces, which are extended beyond the ends of the bottom .
- This type of cardboard and wooden packaging is already described in document FR-A-2 302 923. It can be used in particular for the transport of agricultural products such as fruit, their storage and their presentation at the point of sale, replacing traditional wooden crates.
- the addition of wooden inserts, located at the four corners of the packaging contributes to the rigidity and mechanical strength of the packaging.
- document FR-A-2 302 923 provides provisions ensuring a certain wedging of such packages, when they are stacked. However, the timing is carried out in one direction, and does not ensure a relative immobilization in all directions of two superimposed packages.
- the provisions ensuring the wedging include for example two transverse wooden slats fixed under the bottom of the packaging, which leads to an improper multiplication of the number of wooden elements, since these two slats are added to the four amounts provided for packaging angles.
- the present invention overcomes all the drawbacks indicated above, by providing for packaging of the type considered reinforcement means which, while providing simplification and economy by a significant reduction in the number of parts required, are capable of ensuring by them - even a relative immobilization in all directions of two superimposed packages, thus effectively contributing to stacking.
- the reinforcements made of wood or similar material consist, at each end of the packaging, of a single piece forming both amounts and at least a crosspiece connecting the two uprights together, substantially following the upper edge of the small side face against which said single piece is fixed, the upper edge of said crosspiece however being located higher than the upper edge of the adjacent side face, while that the tops of the two uprights are flush with the upper edge of said lateral face.
- the cardboard part of the packaging is thus completed only by two pieces of reinforcement of particular conformation, advantageously achievable in molded wood agglomerate, which are fixed respectively at the two ends of the packaging.
- These two reinforcements can be glued or stapled against the outside of the two small side faces; they are also glued or stapled to the ends of the large side faces and thus ensure the assembly of the packaging.
- the recesses made between the upper edge of the cross member and the tops of the uprights, on each reinforcement allow the stacking of the packages, with an interlocking ensuring relative immobilization in all directions of two superimposed packages.
- the packaging is produced from a single plate of cardboard, forming the rectangular bottom (1), the two large lateral faces (2) connected to the longitudinal sides of the bottom (1) according to fold lines (3), and the two small side faces (4) connected to the transverse sides of the bottom (1) along fold lines (5).
- the two large side faces (2) are extended beyond the lines (5) and each have a central indented region (6), so that the mounted package has two raised heads (7) at its ends (see Figure 2 ).
- each small side face (4) against the outside of each small side face (4) is fixed a single reinforcement piece (8), in particular made of wood chipboard mold.
- the part (8) or "reinforcement forms two uprights (9), which follow the two vertical edges (10) of the small adjacent side face (4), and a crosspiece (11), which connects the tops of the two uprights (9) substantially following the upper edge (12) of the small adjacent side face (4).
- the tops of the two uprights (9) are flush with the upper edge (12) of the face (4), while the upper edge (13) of the crosspiece (11) is located higher than the upper edge (12) of the face (4), this height difference being clearly visible in Figure 3 where it is indicated (e).
- each reinforcement (8) are fixed against the adjacent face (4) of cardboard by means of staples (14), or by gluing.
- the small side faces (4) are raised vertically, by folding the cardboard along the lines (5).
- the large lateral faces (2) are also raised vertically, by folding the cardboard along the lines (3); the ends of the large faces (2), which extend beyond the fold lines (5) delimiting the bottom (1), are applied laterally against the uprights (9) of the reinforcements (8), and are fixed on these uprights by means of staples or by gluing.
- a cardboard packaging is thus obtained, with a bottom (1), two large side faces (2), and two small side faces (4) provided with reinforcements (8) made of wood-based material.
- This packaging is suitable for the transport, storage and presentation of agricultural products, in particular fruit and vegetables.
- the advantage of the packaging is that it is stackable, as illustrated in fig. 4 which represents two stacked packages.
- the legs of the uprights (9) of the reinforcement (8) of the upper packaging are supported on the tops of the uprights (9) of the reinforcement (8) of the lower packaging.
- each reinforcement (8) may also comprise a second crosspiece (15), which connects its two uprights (9) to their base by substantially following the lower edge (5) of the adjacent lateral face (4), so that the reinforcement (8) has the general shape of a rectangular frame.
- Reinforced zones (16) can also be provided, on each reinforcement (8), at the junction of the two uprights and of the cross-member (11), or of the cross-members (11 and 15).
- the reinforcements may also have more complex shapes, for example by multiplying the uprights or by adding oblique elements, depending on their dimensions and the desired strength.
- additional reinforcements of wood or similar material can be fixed against the large side faces.
- the cardboard or wooden parts of the packaging may, finally, include various features such as grips, ventilation holes, various prints, etc., depending on the use intended for the packaging.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cartons (AREA)
- Buffer Packaging (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Packaging Of Machine Parts And Wound Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un emballage en carton à têtes surélevées, avec une partie en carton comprenant un fond rectangulaire, deux grandes faces latérales articulées au fond, et deux petites faces latérales articulées au fond et assemblées aux grandes faces latérales, cet emballage comportant en outre des renforts en bois ou matériau similaire formant, aux quatre angles de l'emballage, des montants fixés extérieurement contre l'une des petites faces latérales et fixés également contre les extrémités des grandes faces latérales, lesquelles sont prolongées au-delà des extrémités du fond.The present invention relates to a cardboard packaging with raised heads, with a cardboard part comprising a rectangular bottom, two large lateral faces articulated at the bottom, and two small lateral faces articulated at the bottom and assembled with the large lateral faces, this packaging further comprising reinforcements of wood or similar material forming, at the four corners of the packaging, uprights fixed externally against one of the small side faces and also fixed against the ends of the large side faces, which are extended beyond the ends of the bottom .
Un emballage en carton et en bois de ce genre est déjà décrit dans le document FR-A-2 302 923. Il est utilisable notamment pour le transport des produits agricoles tels que les fruits, leur stockage et leur présentation sur les lieux de vente, en remplacement des caisses traditionnelles en bois. Dans ce genre d'emballage, l'adjonction d'éléments rapportés en bois, se situant aux quatre angles de l'emballage, contribue à la rigidité et à la résistance mécanique de l'emballage.This type of cardboard and wooden packaging is already described in document FR-A-2 302 923. It can be used in particular for the transport of agricultural products such as fruit, their storage and their presentation at the point of sale, replacing traditional wooden crates. In this type of packaging, the addition of wooden inserts, located at the four corners of the packaging, contributes to the rigidity and mechanical strength of the packaging.
En outre, le document FR-A-2 302 923 prévoit des dispositions assurant un certain calage de tels emballages, lorsqu'ils sont empilés. Toutefois, le calage est réalisé suivant une seule direction, et n'assure pas une immobilisation relative en toutes directions de deux emballages superposés. Les dispositions assurant le calage comprennent par exemple deux lattes de bois transversales fixées sous le fond de l'emballage, ce qui conduit à une multiplication peu rationnelle du nombre d'éléments en bois, puisque ces deux lattes s'ajoutent aux quatre montants prévus aux angles de l'emballage.In addition, document FR-A-2 302 923 provides provisions ensuring a certain wedging of such packages, when they are stacked. However, the timing is carried out in one direction, and does not ensure a relative immobilization in all directions of two superimposed packages. The provisions ensuring the wedging include for example two transverse wooden slats fixed under the bottom of the packaging, which leads to an improper multiplication of the number of wooden elements, since these two slats are added to the four amounts provided for packaging angles.
On connaît par ailleurs, par le document FR-A-2063355, un emballage en carton, avec un fond et avec quatre faces latérales dans lequel certaines faces latérales sont raidies par des éléments rapportés en bois, comprenant non seulement des montants disposés verticalement dans les angles, mais encore des traverses horizontales qui relient entre elles les extrémités supérieures de deux montants. Ces éléments de renforcement en bois sont fixés contre l'intérieur des faces latérales de l'emballage, et ne sont pas mis à profit pour assurer l'immobilisation relative d'emballages empilés. En outre, les différents montants et les traverses constituent autant d'éléments distincts, devant être produits et rapportés séparément d'où une fabrication compliquée et coûteuse de l'emballage.We also know, from document FR-A-2063355, a cardboard packaging, with a bottom and with four lateral faces in which certain lateral faces are stiffened by wooden inserts, comprising not only uprights arranged vertically in the angles, but also horizontal crosspieces which connect the upper ends of two uprights. These wooden reinforcing elements are fixed against the inside of the lateral faces of the packaging, and are not used to ensure the relative immobilization of stacked packaging. In addition, the different uprights and the crosspieces constitute as many distinct elements, having to be produced and reported separately, hence a complicated and expensive manufacture of the packaging.
La présente invention remédie à tous les inconvénients précédemment indiqués, en fournissant pour un emballage du genre considéré des moyens de renforcement qui, tout en apportant une simplification et une économie par une diminution importante du nombre de pièces nécessaires, sont capables d'assurer par eux-mêmes une immobilisation relative en toutes directions de deux emballages superposés, contribuant ainsi efficacement au gerbage.The present invention overcomes all the drawbacks indicated above, by providing for packaging of the type considered reinforcement means which, while providing simplification and economy by a significant reduction in the number of parts required, are capable of ensuring by them - even a relative immobilization in all directions of two superimposed packages, thus effectively contributing to stacking.
A cet effet, dans l'emballage en carton muni de renforts objet de l'invention, les renforts en bois ou matériau similaire sont constitués, à chaque extrémité de l'emballage, par une pièce unique formant à la fois deux montants et au moins une traverse reliant entre eux les deux montants, en suivant sensiblement le bord supérieur de la petite face latérale contre laquelle ladite pièce unique est fixée, le bord supérieur de ladite traverse étant cependant situé plus haut que le bord supérieur de la face latérale adjacente, tandis que les sommets des deux montants affleurent le bord supérieur de ladite face latérale.To this end, in the cardboard packaging provided with reinforcements that are the subject of the invention, the reinforcements made of wood or similar material consist, at each end of the packaging, of a single piece forming both amounts and at least a crosspiece connecting the two uprights together, substantially following the upper edge of the small side face against which said single piece is fixed, the upper edge of said crosspiece however being located higher than the upper edge of the adjacent side face, while that the tops of the two uprights are flush with the upper edge of said lateral face.
La partie en carton de l'emballage est ainsi complétée seulement par deux pièces de renforcement de conformation particulière, réalisables avantageusement en aggloméré de bois moulé, qui sont fixées respectivement aux deux extrémités de l'emballage. Ces deux renforts peuvent être collés ou agrafés contre l'extérieur des deux petites faces latérales ; ils sont également collés ou agrafés aux extrémités des grandes faces latérales et assurent ainsi l'assemblage de l'emballage. De plus, les décrochements réalisés entre le bord supérieur de la traverse et les sommets des montants, sur chaque renfort, permettent le gerbage des emballages, avec un emboîtement assurant une immobilisation relative en toutes directions de deux emballages superposés.The cardboard part of the packaging is thus completed only by two pieces of reinforcement of particular conformation, advantageously achievable in molded wood agglomerate, which are fixed respectively at the two ends of the packaging. These two reinforcements can be glued or stapled against the outside of the two small side faces; they are also glued or stapled to the ends of the large side faces and thus ensure the assembly of the packaging. In addition, the recesses made between the upper edge of the cross member and the tops of the uprights, on each reinforcement, allow the stacking of the packages, with an interlocking ensuring relative immobilization in all directions of two superimposed packages.
De toute façon, l'invention sera bien comprise, et d'autres caractéristiques seront mises en évidence, à l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin schématique annexé représentant, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme d'exécution de cet emballage en carton muni de renforts :
- Figure 1 représente l'emballage à plat, vu par dessous, avec ses renforts ;
- Figure 2 est une vue en perspective de l'emballage partiellement monté ;
- Figure 3 est une vue partielle en coupe suivant 3-3 de figure 2, passant par une extrémité de l'emballage ;
- Figure 4 représente deux emballages empilés, vus par une extrémité.
- Figure 1 shows the flat packaging, seen from below, with its reinforcements;
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of the partially mounted package;
- Figure 3 is a partial sectional view along 3-3 of Figure 2, passing through one end of the package;
- Figure 4 shows two stacked packages, seen from one end.
Comme le montre plus particulièrement la figure 1, l'emballage est réalisé à partir d'une plaque unique de carton, formant le fond rectangulaire (1), les deux grandes faces latérales (2) reliées aux côtés longitudinaux du fond (1) suivant des lignes de pliage (3), et les deux petites faces latérales (4) reliées aux côtés transversaux du fond (1) suivant des lignes de pliage (5). Les deux grandes faces latérales (2) sont prolongées au-delà des lignes (5) et présentent chacune une région centrale échancrée (6), de sorte que l'emballage monté possède deux têtes surélevées (7) à ses extrémités (voir figure 2).As shown more particularly in FIG. 1, the packaging is produced from a single plate of cardboard, forming the rectangular bottom (1), the two large lateral faces (2) connected to the longitudinal sides of the bottom (1) according to fold lines (3), and the two small side faces (4) connected to the transverse sides of the bottom (1) along fold lines (5). The two large side faces (2) are extended beyond the lines (5) and each have a central indented region (6), so that the mounted package has two raised heads (7) at its ends (see Figure 2 ).
Contre l'extérieur de chaque petite face latérale (4) est fixée une pièce unique de renforcement (8), notamment réalisée en aggloméré de bois moulé. La pièce (8) ou « renfort forme deux montants (9), qui suivent les deux bords verticaux (10) de la petite face latérale adjacente (4), et une traverse (11), qui relie entre eux les sommets des deux montants (9) en suivant sensiblement le bord supérieur (12) de la petite face latérale adjacente (4). Les sommets des deux montants (9) affleurent le bord supérieur (12) de la face (4), alors que le bord supérieur (13) de la traverse (11) est situé plus haut que le bord supérieur (12) de la face (4), cet écart de hauteur étant bien visible sur la figure 3 où il est indiqué (e).Against the outside of each small side face (4) is fixed a single reinforcement piece (8), in particular made of wood chipboard mold. The part (8) or "reinforcement forms two uprights (9), which follow the two vertical edges (10) of the small adjacent side face (4), and a crosspiece (11), which connects the tops of the two uprights (9) substantially following the upper edge (12) of the small adjacent side face (4). The tops of the two uprights (9) are flush with the upper edge (12) of the face (4), while the upper edge (13) of the crosspiece (11) is located higher than the upper edge (12) of the face (4), this height difference being clearly visible in Figure 3 where it is indicated (e).
Les montants (9) et la traverse (11) de chaque renfort (8) sont fixés contre la face adjacente (4) en carton au moyen d'agrafes (14), ou encore par collage. Après fixation des renforts (8), les petites faces latérales (4) sont relevées à la verticale, par pliage du carton suivant les lignes (5). Les grandes faces latérales (2) sont également relevées à la verticale, par pliage du carton suivant les lignes (3) ; les extrémités des grandes faces (2), qui se prolongent au-delà des lignes de pliage (5) délimitant le fond (1), sont appliquées latéralement contre les montants (9) des renforts (8), et sont fixées sur ces montants au moyen d'agrafes ou par collage.The uprights (9) and the crosspiece (11) of each reinforcement (8) are fixed against the adjacent face (4) of cardboard by means of staples (14), or by gluing. After fixing the reinforcements (8), the small side faces (4) are raised vertically, by folding the cardboard along the lines (5). The large lateral faces (2) are also raised vertically, by folding the cardboard along the lines (3); the ends of the large faces (2), which extend beyond the fold lines (5) delimiting the bottom (1), are applied laterally against the uprights (9) of the reinforcements (8), and are fixed on these uprights by means of staples or by gluing.
On obtient ainsi un emballage en carton, avec un fond (1), deux grandes faces latérales (2), et deux petites faces latérales (4) munies des renforts (8) en matériau à base de bois. Cet emballage est adapté pour le transport, le stockage et la présentation de produits agricoles, notamment de fruits et de légumes.A cardboard packaging is thus obtained, with a bottom (1), two large side faces (2), and two small side faces (4) provided with reinforcements (8) made of wood-based material. This packaging is suitable for the transport, storage and presentation of agricultural products, in particular fruit and vegetables.
L'emballage a pour avantage d'être gerbable, comme illustré par la fig. 4 qui représente deux emballages empilés. Les pieds des montants (9) du renfort (8) de l'emballage supérieur sont appuyés sur les sommets des montants (9) du renfort (8) de l'emballage inférieur. La partie de la traverse (11) du renfort (8) de l'emballage inférieur, faisant saillie au-dessus du bord supérieur (12) de la face (4), maintient l'emballage supérieur en réalisant un véritable emboîtement.The advantage of the packaging is that it is stackable, as illustrated in fig. 4 which represents two stacked packages. The legs of the uprights (9) of the reinforcement (8) of the upper packaging are supported on the tops of the uprights (9) of the reinforcement (8) of the lower packaging. The part of the crosspiece (11) of the reinforcement (8) of the lower packaging, projecting above the upper edge (12) of the face (4), maintains the upper packaging by achieving a real interlocking.
La fig. 4 montre que chaque renfort (8) peut comprendre encore une seconde traverse (15), qui relie ses deux montants (9) à leur base en suivant sensiblement le bord inférieur (5) de la face latérale adjacente (4), de manière que le renfort (8) présente la forme générale d'un cadre rectangulaire. Des zones renforcées (16) peuvent en outre être prévues, sur chaque renfort (8), à la jonction des deux montants et de la traverse (11), ou des traverses (11 et 15).Fig. 4 shows that each reinforcement (8) may also comprise a second crosspiece (15), which connects its two uprights (9) to their base by substantially following the lower edge (5) of the adjacent lateral face (4), so that the reinforcement (8) has the general shape of a rectangular frame. Reinforced zones (16) can also be provided, on each reinforcement (8), at the junction of the two uprights and of the cross-member (11), or of the cross-members (11 and 15).
Les renforts peuvent encore présenter des formes plus complexes, par exemple en multipliant les montants ou en ajoutant des éléments obliques, selon leurs dimensions et la résistance recherchée. Pour augmenter la rigidité de l'emballage, des renforts supplémentaires en bois ou matériau similaire peuvent être fixés contre les grandes faces latérales. Les parties en carton ou en bois de l'emballage peuvent, enfin, comporter diverses particularités telles que poignées de préhension, trous d'aération, impressions diverses, ..., selon l'utilisation prévue pour l'emballage.The reinforcements may also have more complex shapes, for example by multiplying the uprights or by adding oblique elements, depending on their dimensions and the desired strength. To increase the rigidity of the packaging, additional reinforcements of wood or similar material can be fixed against the large side faces. The cardboard or wooden parts of the packaging may, finally, include various features such as grips, ventilation holes, various prints, etc., depending on the use intended for the packaging.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT83420077T ATE18377T1 (en) | 1982-04-30 | 1983-04-29 | REINFORCED CARDBOARD PACKAGING. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8207931 | 1982-04-30 | ||
| FR8207931A FR2525990B1 (en) | 1982-04-30 | 1982-04-30 | CARTON PACKAGING WITH REINFORCEMENTS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0093682A1 EP0093682A1 (en) | 1983-11-09 |
| EP0093682B1 true EP0093682B1 (en) | 1986-03-05 |
Family
ID=9273814
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP83420077A Expired EP0093682B1 (en) | 1982-04-30 | 1983-04-29 | Cardboard packing provided with reinforcements |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0093682B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE18377T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3362391D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES271876Y (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2525990B1 (en) |
| GR (1) | GR78550B (en) |
| PT (1) | PT76612A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5786110A (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1998-07-28 | Arizona Board Of Regents | Alkali-metal-ion conducting electrolytes |
| US5843943A (en) * | 1994-12-29 | 1998-12-01 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Compounds for inhibition of ceramide-mediated signal transduction |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1083357A (en) * | 1953-09-15 | 1955-01-07 | Improvement of cardboard packaging and new types of packaging resulting from it | |
| FR1132327A (en) * | 1955-10-01 | 1957-03-07 | Emballages Et Des Bois Contrep | Sophisticated packaging |
| FR1186306A (en) * | 1957-08-29 | 1959-08-20 | Reusable fruit tray - removable model | |
| FR2063355A5 (en) * | 1969-10-13 | 1971-07-09 | Berlorier Georges | |
| FR2302923A1 (en) * | 1975-03-03 | 1976-10-01 | Girard Claude | Packing of mixed material - comprises casing of folded semirigid material reinforced by corner battens |
-
1982
- 1982-04-30 FR FR8207931A patent/FR2525990B1/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-04-28 GR GR71253A patent/GR78550B/el unknown
- 1983-04-28 PT PT76612A patent/PT76612A/en unknown
- 1983-04-29 EP EP83420077A patent/EP0093682B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-29 DE DE8383420077T patent/DE3362391D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-29 AT AT83420077T patent/ATE18377T1/en active
- 1983-04-29 ES ES1983271876U patent/ES271876Y/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2525990A1 (en) | 1983-11-04 |
| ATE18377T1 (en) | 1986-03-15 |
| EP0093682A1 (en) | 1983-11-09 |
| FR2525990B1 (en) | 1985-07-12 |
| PT76612A (en) | 1983-05-01 |
| DE3362391D1 (en) | 1986-04-10 |
| ES271876U (en) | 1983-10-16 |
| GR78550B (en) | 1984-09-27 |
| ES271876Y (en) | 1984-04-16 |
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