EP0090449B1 - Koksofenbatterie - Google Patents

Koksofenbatterie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0090449B1
EP0090449B1 EP83200364A EP83200364A EP0090449B1 EP 0090449 B1 EP0090449 B1 EP 0090449B1 EP 83200364 A EP83200364 A EP 83200364A EP 83200364 A EP83200364 A EP 83200364A EP 0090449 B1 EP0090449 B1 EP 0090449B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bricks
layers
battery according
adjacent
brickwork
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83200364A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0090449A1 (de
Inventor
Jacob Felthuis
Jacobus Van Laar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tata Steel Ijmuiden BV
Original Assignee
Hoogovens Groep BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoogovens Groep BV filed Critical Hoogovens Groep BV
Publication of EP0090449A1 publication Critical patent/EP0090449A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0090449B1 publication Critical patent/EP0090449B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B29/00—Other details of coke ovens
    • C10B29/02—Brickwork, e.g. casings, linings, walls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B25/00—Doors or closures for coke ovens

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a coke oven battery having refractory brickwork comprising horizontal layers of bricks, and is especially applicable to the brickwork of the regenerator walls, the regenerator roof and the oven roof.
  • a coke oven battery comprises a number of coking chambers for the coal being coked arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the battery and separated by combustion chambers for the gas being burned.
  • the coking chambers are narrow in that longitudinal direction, which direction is thus transverse to the longitudinal direction of each coking chamber. Access to the coking chambers is via doors at the two longitudinal sides of the battery, called the coking side and the machine side.
  • the oven roof is located above the coking and combustion chambers. Below the coking and combustion chambers is the regenerator roof and below that are regenerators for heating the combustion air. The regenerators are separated by regenerator walls.
  • the open joints and cracks are produced, at least in part, during heating up of the battery as a result of vertical differences in temperature in the brickwork.
  • This phenomenon can be summarized by saying that a layer of bricks which is already hot expands and pulls open a lower layer which is still cold, and in so doing, creates permanent vertical open joints and cracks because of movements in the joint between the two layers. When the lower colder layer then heats up, it in turn pulls open the higher already hot layer and creates permanent vertical open joints and cracks in it.
  • This phenomenon occurs extensively when silica material is used for the brickwork, because this material has a 1.2 to 1.5% thermal expansion up to 600°C and in particular a large expansion of about 1.1% in the temperature range of 100° to 300°C, and because of the great length of the brickwork.
  • Silica is an expensive material. It has been the practice to build the battery up to the level of the bottom of the regenerator roof of the cheaper chamotte bricks. Because of the difference of thermal expansion of silica and chamotte, a so-called sliding zone or slip joint has been arranged at the junction of the two materials.
  • DE-OLS 1,571,692 discloses an arrangement to resist tension forces arising in the top chamotte layers immediately below the sliding zone. This consists of interlocking of the bricks of at least two chamotte layers so as to prevent relative movement of the layers. The interlocking results from the shapes of the bricks.
  • the object of the invention is to provide brickwork for a coke oven battery in which the occurrence of vertical open joints and/or cracks at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the battery, corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the coking chambers, is completely or at least partly prevented.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a battery which causes little pollution of the atmosphere.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a battery having a high thermal efficiency.
  • the brickwork of the battery has a plurality of vertically neighbouring strengthened sections, each consisting of a plurality of adjacent horizontal layers in which the bricks are joined in the longitudinal direction of the coking chamber so that they cannot move in relation to one another, and there being a horizontal sliding zone adjacent each such strengthened section, which allows the section to move relative to adjacent brickwork in the longitudinal direction of the brickwork.
  • the strengthened brickwork sections preferably consist of two adjacent horizontal layers.
  • connection between adjacent horizontal layers which are unable to move relative to one another is preferably achieved by interfitting projections and recesses in the top and bottom surfaces of the bricks of the respective layers.
  • Three particular possibilities are (1) tongue and groove structures extending at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the coking chamber (i.e. parallel to the longitudinal direction of the battery), (2) the bricks of adjacent layers have thick ends and narrow middle portions, the two ends of a pair of bricks of one layer being located against the narrow middle portion of a brick in the adjacent layer to provide an interlocked structure and (3) the bricks of adjacent layers are connected together by dowels located in opposed holes in the adjacent top and bottom surfaces of the bricks, the dowel being fitted into two adjacent bricks while the brickwork is being built.
  • the joints between the strengthened sections of brickwork should preferably be made with mortar. It is then preferable to incorporate in the mortar joint a zone of relative weakness, e.g. a friction reducing or fracture-surface forming means, such as oiled paper.
  • a zone of relative weakness e.g. a friction reducing or fracture-surface forming means, such as oiled paper.
  • the regenerator walls have a temperature of about 200°C at their lower ends.
  • the section of the regenerator walls containing the checker work heat exchanging mass
  • Those experts in this field have generally rejected the idea of forming the bottom section of the regenerator walls of silica because of the risk that these walls may reach temperatures lower than 300°C.
  • the regenerator walls to be largely made of silica at the checker work region. This has the advantage that during normal cyclical operation of the regenerators these sections of the walls are no longer subject to thermal expansion as silica undergoes virtually no expansion above 300°C.
  • the brickwork in accordance with the invention can withstand a drop in temperature to below 300°C without damage.
  • at least 30% of the height of the regenerator walls is formed of silica bricks, with a plurality of adjacent strengthened sections as proposed by this invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a section in the longitudinal direction of the coke-oven battery and shows the coking chambers 1 which are separated from one another by combustion walls 2, each containing a number of combustion chambers 3, and are bounded at the top by the oven roof 4 and at the bottom by oven sole or regenerator roof 5.
  • the combustion chambers communicate via ducts 6 in the regenerator roof 5 with the regenerators 7, which are separated from one another by regenerator walls 8.
  • the regenerators 7 are filled with checker work 18.
  • the approximate boundaries of the various portions of the battery are indicated on Fig. 1.
  • I gives the height of the oven roof, II the height of the combustion walls, III the height of the regenerator roof and IV the height of the regenerator walls.
  • the design shown in Fig. 1 is well-known to the expert and does not need any further explanation.
  • the battery is heated up before operation by means of burners located near the regenerator roof in the coking chambers 1.
  • the route taken by the hot gases during heating up is shown by arrows in Fig. 1.
  • the gases are conducted into the combustion chambers 3 via temporary openings at the top of the coking chambers 1, and removed via the passages 6 and the regenerators 7 to the waste gas duct and the chimney stack which are not shown.
  • a vertical difference in temperature is created particularly at the regenerator roof 5, the regenerator walls 8 and the oven roof 4.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically that, according to the invention, the joint 10 is prevented from moving by vertical connections between the bricks in layers 9 and 11.
  • none of the bricks can move horizontally relative to each other, longitudinally in the coking chambers. If however, all the horizontal joints in the brickwork were blocked against movement in this way, upon differential thermal expansion as a result of vertical differences in temperature such very large cracks would be produced in the brickwork that it would be broken to pieces.
  • the brickwork is therefore made in a plurality of adjacent strengthened sections of two layers each and between the strengthened sections of the brickwork with blocked joints 10 and 14, comprising layers 9, 11 and 13, 15 an unblocked joint 12 is present at which the sections of brickwork can move relative to one another in the longitudinal direction of the coking chambers.
  • This joint 12 may take the form of a mortar joint with preferably a weakened zone formed by a friction- reducing or fracture-surface forming agent, such as oiled paper.
  • the number of layers in a brickwork section with blocked joints is a minimum of two, and is chosen depending on, among other things, the expansion characteristics of the brickwork, the speed of heating up or temperature changes in the brickwork during operation and the extent of the difference in temperature arising.
  • Figs. 4, and 6 show particular embodiments of blocked joints in the brickwork to produce the strengthened sections.
  • Fig. 4 shows the blocked joints 10 and 14 provided by means of tongue and groove structures 19.
  • a top view of the brick used in layer 11 (and 15) is given in Fig. 7, and there is used a brick of the corresponding opposite shape for layers 9 and 13.
  • the tongues and grooves extend transversely at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the coking chambers.
  • Fig. 5 shows the blocked joints 10 and 14 provided by dowels 16 located in opposed holes in the opposed faces of the two adjacent layers.
  • the brick to be used here with for example four holes 17 is shown in Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 6 shows the blocked joints 10 and 14 obtained with interfitting shaped bricks each with thick ends 20 and a narrow centre 21, which are fitted into one another as the brickwork is built up.
  • the two adjacent ends 20 of a pair of bricks in one layer project into the recess provided by the narrow centre portion 21 of the adjacent brick of the other layer.
  • the brick used here is shown in Fig. 9.
  • broken line 25 indicates the vertical location of the sliding joint between silica and chamotte preferred in the invention.
  • this line 25 is made of silica bricks.
  • the bricks are arranged in a plurality of the strengthened sections, each comprising two layers having one blocked joint between them.
  • Such strengthened sections are also provided in the regenerator roof 5 above the regenerator walls 8, and in the oven roof 4.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Koksofenbatterie mit horizontalen Ziegellagen umfassenden, feuerfesten Mauerwerk, wobei ein verstärkter Abschnitt besagten Mauerwerks vorhanden ist, der aus zumindest zwei der besagten Lagen besteht, in denen die Ziegel auf eine Weise verbunden sind, die eine relative horizontale Bewegung der Ziegel in der Richtung quer zur Längsrichtung der Batterie verhindert, welcher Abschnitt an eine in besagter Querrichtung des Abschnittes relatives Gleiten ermöglichenden Gleitzone und an die nächste angrenzende Ziegellage angrenzt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mauerwerk eine Vielzahl solcher verstärkten Abschnitte aufweist, die einander vertikal benachbart sind und innerhalb eines Bereiches des Mauerwerkes gebildet sind, in welchem im wesentlichen alle Ziegel aus dem gleichen Material sind, wobei jedes benachbarte Paar von verstärkten Abschnitten zwischen sich eine bewegte Gleitzone aufweist.
2. Batterie nach Anspruch 1, worin eine Vielzahl von besagten benachbarten verstärkten Abschnitten jeweils aus zwei Ziegellagen besteht.
3. Batterie nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin besagte Vielzahl von Abschnitten zumindest einen Teil der Höhe des Regeneratordaches einschließt.
4. Batterie nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin besagte Vielzahl von Abschnitten zumindest einen Teil der Höhe der Regeneratorwände einschließt.
5. Batterie nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin besagte Vielzahl von Abschnitten zumindest einen Teil der Höhe des Regeneratordaches und zumindest einen oberen Teil der an besagtem Dach anliegenden Regeneratorwände einschließt.
6. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die Regeneratorwände einen oberen Bereich aus Ziegellagen eines ersten Materials und einem unteren Bereich aus Ziegellagen eines zweiten Materials umfassen, und jeder der besagten oberen und unteren Bereiche eine Vielzahl besagter benachbarter, verstärkter Abschnitte aufweist.
7. Batterie nach Anspruch 6, worin besagtes erstes Material Silika und besagtes zweites Material Schamotte ist.
8. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin das Ofendach eine Vielzahl von besagten, benachbarten verstärkten Abschnitten aufweist.
9. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die Ziegel aneinandergrenzender Lagen innerhalb eines besagten verstärkten Abschnittes mittels Vorsprüngen und Vertiefungen in den angrenzenden Ober- und Unterflächen der Ziegel miteinander verbunden sind.
10. Batterie nach Anspruch 9, worin die Ziegel in den aneinandergrenzenden Lagen innerhalb besagten verstärkten Abschnittes durch Nut und Federverbindungen verbunden sind, die sich rechtwinkelig zu besagter Querrichtung erstrecken.
11. Batterie nach Anspruch 9, worin die Ziegel in aneinandergrenzenden Lagen innerhalb eines besagten verstärkten Abschnittes eine ineinandergreifende Form mit verhältnismäßig dicken Enden und einem verhältnismäßig dünnem Mittelteil aufweisen, wobei die zwei aneinandergrenzenden Enden eines Paares aneinandergrenzender Ziegel in einer Lage am dünnen Mittelteil eines Ziegels in der angrenzenden Lage anliegen.
12. Batterie nach Anspruch 9, worin Ziegel aneinandergrenzender Lagen innerhalb eines besagten verstärkten Abschnittes durch Dübel miteinander verbunden sind, die sich in gegenüberliegenden Löchern in den entsprechenden Ober-und Unterflächen der Ziegel befinden.
13. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin besagte Gleitzone aus einer Mörtelfuge zwischen aneinandergrenzenden Ziegellagen besteht, wobei die Mörtelfuge das relative Gleiten der Lagen nicht verhindert.
14. Batterie nach Anspruch 13, worin besagte Mörtelfuge eine sich horizontal erstreckende Zone geringen Widerstands für das relative Gleiten der Lagen einschließt.
15. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin ein mindestens 30% der Höhe der Regeneratorwände umfassender Bereich aus Silikaziegeln ist, wobei der Bereich aus einer Vielzahl besagter benachbarter, verstärkter Abschnitte besteht.
EP83200364A 1982-03-25 1983-03-16 Koksofenbatterie Expired EP0090449B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8201239 1982-03-25
NL8201239A NL8201239A (nl) 1982-03-25 1982-03-25 Metselwerk voor een kooksovenbatterij.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0090449A1 EP0090449A1 (de) 1983-10-05
EP0090449B1 true EP0090449B1 (de) 1985-06-12

Family

ID=19839472

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83200364A Expired EP0090449B1 (de) 1982-03-25 1983-03-16 Koksofenbatterie

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0090449B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS58222182A (de)
KR (1) KR900008337B1 (de)
CA (1) CA1218334A (de)
DE (1) DE3360257D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8403515A1 (de)
NL (1) NL8201239A (de)
ZA (1) ZA831955B (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113528161B (zh) * 2021-08-04 2023-11-21 攀钢集团攀枝花钢钒有限公司 焦炉揭顶翻修无窜漏的控制方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE884816C (de) * 1943-11-14 1953-07-30 Adolf Schwartz Verankerung der Ofenwaende von Industrieoefen
DE1571692A1 (de) * 1966-11-12 1970-04-02 Pkm Kohlenverarbeitung Leipzig Mauerwerksverband,vorzugsweise fuer Verkokungsoefen
DE2416948B2 (de) * 1974-04-08 1976-05-26 Verfahren zum aufbau und zur reparatur einer kokskammerofenwand

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1218334A (en) 1987-02-24
JPS58222182A (ja) 1983-12-23
ES520963A0 (es) 1984-03-16
KR840003679A (ko) 1984-09-15
JPS6141951B2 (de) 1986-09-18
EP0090449A1 (de) 1983-10-05
ES8403515A1 (es) 1984-03-16
NL8201239A (nl) 1983-10-17
DE3360257D1 (en) 1985-07-18
ZA831955B (en) 1983-11-30
KR900008337B1 (ko) 1990-11-15

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