EP0088283B1 - Device for a snow-grooming vehicle for packing and preparing the snow cover of a ski-run - Google Patents

Device for a snow-grooming vehicle for packing and preparing the snow cover of a ski-run Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0088283B1
EP0088283B1 EP83101696A EP83101696A EP0088283B1 EP 0088283 B1 EP0088283 B1 EP 0088283B1 EP 83101696 A EP83101696 A EP 83101696A EP 83101696 A EP83101696 A EP 83101696A EP 0088283 B1 EP0088283 B1 EP 0088283B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
snow
tools
retaining plates
packing
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EP83101696A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0088283A1 (en
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Erich Prinoth
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT83101696T priority Critical patent/ATE28576T1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28DWORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/18Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools
    • B28D1/181Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools using cutters loosely mounted on a turning tool support
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01HSTREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H4/00Working on surfaces of snow or ice in order to make them suitable for traffic or sporting purposes, e.g. by compacting snow
    • E01H4/02Working on surfaces of snow or ice in order to make them suitable for traffic or sporting purposes, e.g. by compacting snow for sporting purposes, e.g. preparation of ski trails; Construction of artificial surfacings for snow or ice sports ; Trails specially adapted for on-the-snow vehicles, e.g. devices adapted for ski-trails
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01HSTREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H5/00Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
    • E01H5/12Apparatus or implements specially adapted for breaking, disintegrating, or loosening layers of ice or hard snow with or without clearing or removing ; Roughening ice or hard snow by means of tools

Definitions

  • the above invention relates to a device for a snow vehicle for compacting and preparing ski slopes.
  • the preparation of the ski slopes is of particular importance, firstly because the skier should be offered a layer of snow that is in ideal conditions. Furthermore, efforts are made to counteract severe wear of the snow jacket on the slope, since when the slope is used very heavily, especially on steep slopes, the snow jacket becomes particularly worn. For this reason, a wide variety of devices with different designs are used, especially to eliminate hump fields, which are particularly dangerous for less experienced skiers. Iced areas must also be removed, which are known to pose a considerable risk of accidents.
  • auxiliary devices in the form of snow blowers and leveling devices have been used to date, which were attached to the known snow vehicles.
  • These known milling machines or leveling devices usually consist of a continuous tube, on the outer surface of which milling tools or leveling devices are fixedly arranged. With these tools protruding from the pipe, it is possible due to the rotating movement of the pipe to machine and prepare the surface of the snow field in a milling-like manner, in particular to reduce hump fields and icy surfaces.
  • Devices have also been proposed which have a rotating screw, tooth-like tools being fixedly attached to the end of the screw, which have the task of crushing hardenings or ice surfaces of the snow cover and conveying them to the outside.
  • any number of striking tools are arranged on a rotating drum.
  • This variety of striking tools may be suitable for crushing and crushing hard snow crusts and ice, a specific preparation of the snow field, but above all an exact guidance and distance of the hammer-like bodies from the snow field cannot be achieved with this device.
  • the impact bodies can be arranged in different angular positions.
  • the striking bodies are always firmly arranged on the rotating roller.
  • This also applies to the device according to US-A-3 741 311, in which it is used e.g. B. is not possible to adjust the angular offset of the striking tools to the special requirements of the snow field.
  • the object of the above invention is to propose a device with which it is possible is to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and to show a device which allows the dynamic energy from the rotary movement of the drive shaft to be better utilized and the torque absorbed when driving on fresh snow, heavy snow and / or dull snow, and at the same time to ensure that a much more effective shredding and processing of icy surfaces takes place, and to make it possible to work at much higher speeds, whereby a higher working speed for the snow vehicle can be achieved at the same time.
  • a device for a snow vehicle for crushing compressing and preparing hard and iced surfaces of the snow vehicle for crushing, compacting and a rotatable shaft which is arranged transversely to the direction of travel of the vehicle and is equipped with crushing and compacting tools are connected to the shaft via elastic or articulated connecting means, characterized in that the tools are arranged with a freely selectable, changeable angular offset in the circumferential direction of the shaft along a helical line, that the shaft 1 has a polygonal cross section and accommodates interchangeable holding plates for the tools, and that the holding plates have openings whose shape corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the shaft.
  • Interchangeable rings or tubes are advantageously arranged as spacers between the holding plates.
  • round guide disks are arranged in intervals, as a spacer between shaft and base, between the holding plates and rings or tubes.
  • the helical displacement of the holding plates for the tools is provided on the one side of the shaft and on the other side of the shaft on the left.
  • round guide disks are advantageous to arrange round guide disks as spacers between the holding plates in intervals.
  • the shaft 1 has a polygonal cross-sectional shape, for. B. the shape of a hexagon.
  • Carriers 2 are plugged onto the profiled shaft 1, which have an essentially plate-like shape and have a recess 3 which reflect the hexagonal cross-sectional shape of the shaft 1.
  • the plate also has an extension 2a, which projects radially from the shaft 1 and has a bore 4 at its free end, for receiving an articulated connecting means, for. B. a chain 5, a rope or the like.
  • the chain 5 is in operative connection with the holding plate 2, via the bore 4 made in the extension piece 2a;
  • a tool 6 for crushing and preparing the snow cover is provided at the free end of an articulated or elastic connecting piece.
  • the tool 6 can have Y-shaped cutting edges; spherical or hammer-shaped tools can also be provided.
  • the choice of tools 6 depends solely on the nature of the snow field to be processed.
  • Fig. 1 the shaft is shown in the rest position, i. H. all articulated or elastic connecting means 5, as well as the corresponding tools 6 hang down.
  • the shaft 1 is shown during the rotary movement and, due to the centrifugal forces that occur, the tools 6 and the chains 5 assume radially oriented radiation-shaped positions. Each tool 6 forms the outermost point of the processing unit.
  • the spaced round guide disks 10 serve to lift the device when hitting rocks, stones or such obstacles.
  • FIG. 3 The angular offset of the support plates 2 with the chains 5 and the associated tools 6 can be better seen from FIG. 3. It can also be seen from FIG. 3 that the support plates 2, which are shown on the right side of the shaft 1, are arranged offset such that a helical arrangement with left-hand gear is created, whereas the holding plates 2 are on the left side of the shaft 1 , the chains 5 and the tools are arranged such that a right-handed, helical shape is taken.
  • This arrangement of the individual tools has the advantage that the whirling snow is transported away from the piste equipment to the right and to the left, thus lowering the terrain and lowering the snow field with snow be filled.
  • tubular spacers 7 are advantageously provided between the holding plates 2.
  • the inner bore of the spacers 7 is somewhat larger than the maximum diameter (a) of the shaft 1, which is polygonal in cross section.
  • the shaft 1 has cylindrical end journals 1 a, with which the shaft 1 in the receiving bearings (not shown) of a device for crushing, preparing and milling the snow cover, which is attached to a known snow vehicle and is used for the preparation of ski slopes , is stored.
  • the processed snow is conveyed laterally in the direction of the outer longitudinal walls of the vehicle, as a result of which depressions and terrain subsidence can be filled with fresh snow.
  • the disadvantage of the device according to the invention which adheres to conventional snow mills equipped with solid tools, does not occur in any case , since the tool 6 according to the invention, thanks to the articulated or flexible connection via the chain 5 to the support plate 2, which is attached to the shaft 1, can automatically dodge the obstacle in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the shaft 1, after having passed the obstacle by due to the centrifugal forces acting on it, the tool 6 can again be in the working position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Furthermore, the guide disks 10 raise and lower the device when driving over rocks and stones.
  • the shaft 1 can be driven at a very high speed without this having any negative effects on the drive system of the machine. It is therefore possible to drive the snow vehicle at high driving speeds. Due to the high speed of the shaft 1, the tools 6 are given a very high kinetic energy, which is advantageously used for crushing hard pieces of snow or ice without fear of undesired transmission of impacts and blows to the drive shaft 1. All blows and bumps that u. U. occur, due to the deformability or possibility of evacuation of the chain 5 is absorbed by it and thus no shocks and blows are transmitted to the shaft 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Cleaning Of Streets, Tracks, Or Beaches (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

Abstract

1. A device for a snow-grooming vehicle for comminuting, packing and preparing hard and ice-covered surfaces of the snow cover of a ski run, using a rotatable shaft (1) disposed transversely of the direction of travel of the vehicle and equipped with comminuting and packing tools (6) connected to the shaft (1) via elastic or pivotable connecting means (5), characterised in that the tools (6) are disposed along a helix in the circumferential direction of the shaft (1) at a freely selectable and variable angular offset ; the shaft (1) is polygonal in cross-section and accommodates interchangeable retaining plates for the tools (6) ; and the retaining plates (2, 2a) have apertures of a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the shaft (1).

Description

Die vorstehende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung fuer ein Schneefahrzeug zum Verdichten und Aufbereiten von Skipisten.The above invention relates to a device for a snow vehicle for compacting and preparing ski slopes.

Es ist bekannt, dass fuer die Aufbereitung von Skipisten, der eine stets groessere Bedeutung zukommt und auf die staendig steigende Zahl der Skifahrer zurueckzufuehren ist, Schneefahrzeuge zum Einsatz gelangen, die mit verschiedenen Hilfsgeraeten fuer die Instandhaltung der Skipisten ausgeruestet sind.It is known that for the preparation of ski slopes, which is becoming increasingly important and can be attributed to the constantly increasing number of skiers, snow vehicles are used which are equipped with various auxiliary devices for the maintenance of the ski slopes.

Die Aufbereitung der Skipisten ist von besonderer Bedeutung, einmal, da dem Skifahrer eine sich in idealen Bedingungen befindliche Schneedecke angeboten werden soll. Ferner ist man bestrebt, einer starken Abnuetzung des Schneemantels der Piste entgegenzuwirken, da bei sehr starkem Befahren der Piste, besonders bei steilen Haengen, eine besonders starke Abnuetzung des Schneemantels eintritt. Aus diesem Grunde werden die verschiedensten Geraete mit den unterschiedlichsten Bauarten eingesetzt, besonders um Buckelfelder zu beseitigen, die insbesondere fuer weniger geuebte Skilaeufer gefaehrlich sind. Ferner sind vereiste Flaechen zu beseitigen, die bekannterweise eine erhebliche Unfallgefahr darstellen.The preparation of the ski slopes is of particular importance, firstly because the skier should be offered a layer of snow that is in ideal conditions. Furthermore, efforts are made to counteract severe wear of the snow jacket on the slope, since when the slope is used very heavily, especially on steep slopes, the snow jacket becomes particularly worn. For this reason, a wide variety of devices with different designs are used, especially to eliminate hump fields, which are particularly dangerous for less experienced skiers. Iced areas must also be removed, which are known to pose a considerable risk of accidents.

Zur Beseitigung von Buckelfeldern und vereisten Flaechen wurden bis heute Hilfsvorrichtungen in Form von Schneefraesen und Planiereinrichtungen verwendet, die an die bekannten Schneefahrzeuge angebaut wurden. Diese bekannten Fraesen oder Planiergeraete bestehen ueblicherweise aus einem durchgehenden Rohr, auf dessen Aussenmantel Fraeswerkzeuge oder Planiervorrichtungen fest angeordnet sind. Mit diesen vom Rohr abstehenden Werkzeugen ist es aufgrund der Drehbewegung des Rohres moeglich, die Oberflaeche des Schneefeldes fraesenartig zu bearbeiten und aufzubereiten, um besonders Buckelfelder und vereiste Flaechen abzubauen. Es wurden auch bereits Vorrichtungen vorgeschlagen, die eine sich drehende Schnecke aufweisen, wobei am Ende der Schnecke zahnartige Werkzeuge fest angebracht sind, die die Aufgabe haben, Verhaertungen oder Eisflaechen der Schneedecke zu zertruemmern und nach aussen abzufoerdern.To remove hump fields and icy surfaces, auxiliary devices in the form of snow blowers and leveling devices have been used to date, which were attached to the known snow vehicles. These known milling machines or leveling devices usually consist of a continuous tube, on the outer surface of which milling tools or leveling devices are fixedly arranged. With these tools protruding from the pipe, it is possible due to the rotating movement of the pipe to machine and prepare the surface of the snow field in a milling-like manner, in particular to reduce hump fields and icy surfaces. Devices have also been proposed which have a rotating screw, tooth-like tools being fixedly attached to the end of the screw, which have the task of crushing hardenings or ice surfaces of the snow cover and conveying them to the outside.

Der Nachteil, der den bekannten mit messerartigen Werkzeugen oder mit Schnecken ausgeruesteten Schneefraesen dieser Art anhaftet, besteht darin, dass fuer diese Einrichtungen ein sehr hohes Motordrehmoment zur Verfuegung gestellt werden muss, wenn z. B. in frischem Schnee, in schwerem Neuschnee oder in morschem Schnee, wie er z. B. im Fruehling vorzufinden ist, gearbeitet wird. Diese bringt eine erhebliche Einschraenkung der Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit, sowie der Fahrgeschwindigkeit des Pistengeraetes mit sich ; ferner ist zu beruecksichtigen, dass in diesen Faellen eine Einschraenkung der Drehgeschwindigkeit der die Werkzeuge aufnehmenden Welle aufgrund des hohen aufgenommenen Antreibsmomentes festzustellen ist. Die Belastungen, die in diesem Fall von der Vorrichtung zum Auffraesen und Aufbereiten des Schneefeldes aufgenommen werden, koennen derartig hohe Werte erreichen, z. B. beim Aufschlagen auf Steine, Felsstuecke oder groessere Eisbrocken, dass eine derartig hohe Belastung auftritt, die zu Beschaedigungen der Drehwelle und sogar schwere Beschaedigungen der Fraeswerkzeuge sowie der Antriebsmittel fuer die Welle eintreten.The disadvantage that adheres to the known snow mills of this type equipped with knife-like tools or with screws is that a very high engine torque must be made available for these devices if, for. B. in fresh snow, heavy fresh snow or rotten snow, as z. B. can be found in spring, is being worked. This entails a considerable restriction of the working speed and the driving speed of the snow groomer; it should also be borne in mind that in these cases a restriction of the rotational speed of the shaft receiving the tools can be determined due to the high driving torque recorded. The loads that are absorbed by the device for milling and preparing the snow field in this case can reach such high values, e.g. B. when hitting stones, boulders or larger chunks of ice that such a high load occurs that damage the rotating shaft and even serious damage to the milling tools and the drive means for the shaft.

Aus der Schrift US-A-3 779 319 ist bereits eine Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Schneekrusten und Eisflaechen bekannt geworden.From the document US-A-3 779 319 a device for crushing snow crusts and ice surfaces has already become known.

Bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung ist eine beliebige Anzahl von Schlagwerkzeugen auf einer sich drehenden Trommel angeordnet. Diese Vielzahl von Schlagwerkzeugen mag zwar geeignet sein, harte Scheekrusten und Eis zu zerkleinern und zu zertruemmern, eine gezielte Aufbereitung des Schneefeldes, vor allem eine genaue Fuehrung und Distanzierung der hammerartigen Koerper gegenueber dem Schneefeld ist jedoch mit diesem Geraet nicht erreichbar. Desweiteren ist es mit dieser bekannten Vorrichtung nicht moeglich, den Schnee behutsam zur Fahrzeugmitte hin zu transportieren, um somit die Bildung von unerwuenschten, seitlichen Schneeraupen zu vermeiden.In this known device, any number of striking tools are arranged on a rotating drum. This variety of striking tools may be suitable for crushing and crushing hard snow crusts and ice, a specific preparation of the snow field, but above all an exact guidance and distance of the hammer-like bodies from the snow field cannot be achieved with this device. Furthermore, it is not possible with this known device to gently transport the snow to the center of the vehicle in order to avoid the formation of undesired, lateral snow tracks.

Desweiteren ist aus der Entgegenhaltung CH-A-300 498 eine Schneeraeummaschine bekannt geworden, bei der an starren Stielen angeordnete Schlagkoerper auf vereiste Strassenflaechen einwirken, um diese vom Eis zu befreien. In dieser Schrift wird eine Vorrichtung beschrieben, mit der es gegenueber dem Erfindungsgegenstand in genau umgekehrter Weise erwuenscht ist, Eisflaechen und Schneekrusten zu zerkleinern, zu zerhaemmern, d. h. einer wirkungsvollen Zerstoerung zu unterziehen. Ein derartiges Einwirken auf das Schneefeld, das als Skipiste genuetzt wird, ist aber geradezu unerwuenscht, da man heute bestrebt ist, bei der Behandlung von Skipisten aeusserst behutsam auf den Schnee einzuwirken, um die Piste in sehr schonender Weise zu praeparieren und aufzuarbeiten und dabei ohne Zerstoerung der Schneekristalle die Piste fuer eine lange Zeit in optimalen Zustand zum Befahren zur Verfuegung zu stellen.Furthermore, from the document CH-A-300 498 a snow removal machine has become known, in which beaters arranged on rigid stems act on icy road surfaces in order to free them from the ice. In this document, a device is described with which it is desired, in the opposite way from the object of the invention, to crush, crush, and crush ice surfaces and snow crusts. H. undergo an effective destruction. Such an impact on the snow field, which is used as a ski slope, is almost undesirable, since today the aim is to treat the ski slopes extremely carefully on the snow in order to prepare and process the slope in a very gentle manner and without Destruction of the snow crystals to provide the slope for a long time in optimal condition for skiing.

Desweiteren ist dieser Entgegenhaltung nicht als bekannt zu entnehmen, dass die Schlagkoerper in verschiedenen Winkellagen angeordnet werden koennen. Bei der leztgenannten Entgegenhaltung sind die Schlagkoerper stets fest auf der sich drehenden Walze angeordnet. Dies gilt auch fuer die Vorrichtung gemaess der Schrift US-A-3 741 311, bei der es z. B. nicht moeglich ist, den Winkelversatz der Schlagwerkzeuge den besonderen Anforderungen des Schneefeldes anzupassen.Furthermore, it is not known from this document that the impact bodies can be arranged in different angular positions. In the latter citation, the striking bodies are always firmly arranged on the rotating roller. This also applies to the device according to US-A-3 741 311, in which it is used e.g. B. is not possible to adjust the angular offset of the striking tools to the special requirements of the snow field.

Aufgabe der vorstehende Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung vorzuschlagen, mit der es moeglich ist, die Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu vermeiden und eine Einrichtung aufzuzeigen, die es erlaubt, die dynamische Energie aus der Drehbewegung der Antriebswelle besser auszunuetzen und das aufgenommene Drehmoment bei Befahren von frischem Schnee, schwerem Schnee und/oder stumpfem Schnee zu vermindern und gleichzeitig zu gewaehrleisten, dass eine weitaus wirkungsvollere Zerkleinerung und Aufbereitung von vereisten Flaechen erfolgt, und die Moeglichtkeit zu schaffen, mit wesentlich hoeheren Drehzahlen zu arbeiten, wodurch gleichzeitig eine hoehere Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit fuer das Schneefahrzeug erzielbar ist.The object of the above invention is to propose a device with which it is possible is to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and to show a device which allows the dynamic energy from the rotary movement of the drive shaft to be better utilized and the torque absorbed when driving on fresh snow, heavy snow and / or dull snow, and at the same time to ensure that a much more effective shredding and processing of icy surfaces takes place, and to make it possible to work at much higher speeds, whereby a higher working speed for the snow vehicle can be achieved at the same time.

Diese Aufgaben werden erfindungsgemaess dadurch geloest, dass eine Vorrichtung für ein Schneefahrzeug zum Zerkleinern Verdichten und Aufbereiten harter und vereister Oberflächen des Schneefahrzeug zum Zerkleinern, Verdichten und einer drehbaren Welle, die quer zur Fahrtrichtung des Fahrzeuges angeordnet und mit Zerkleinerungs- und Verdichtungswerkzeugen ausgerüstet ist, die mit der Welle über elastische oder gelenkige Verbindungsmittel verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Werkzeuge mit frei waehlbarem, veraenderbarem Winkelversatz in Umfangsrichtung der Welle entlang einer Schraubenlinie angeordnet sind, dass die Welle 1 vieleckigen Querschnitt aufweist und austauschbare Halteplatten fuer die Werkzeuge aufnimmt, und dass die Halteplatten Oeffnungen besitzen, deren Form der Querschnittsform der Welle entspricht.These objects are achieved according to the invention in that a device for a snow vehicle for crushing compressing and preparing hard and iced surfaces of the snow vehicle for crushing, compacting and a rotatable shaft which is arranged transversely to the direction of travel of the vehicle and is equipped with crushing and compacting tools are connected to the shaft via elastic or articulated connecting means, characterized in that the tools are arranged with a freely selectable, changeable angular offset in the circumferential direction of the shaft along a helical line, that the shaft 1 has a polygonal cross section and accommodates interchangeable holding plates for the tools, and that the holding plates have openings whose shape corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the shaft.

Es hat sich ferner als vorteilhaft erwiesen, dass die Welle sechseckige Querschnittsform aufweist (Fig. 3).It has also proven to be advantageous for the shaft to have a hexagonal cross-sectional shape (FIG. 3).

In vorteilhafter Weise sind zwischen den Halteplatten austauschbare Ringe oder Rohre als Abstandshalter angeordnet.Interchangeable rings or tubes are advantageously arranged as spacers between the holding plates.

Weiterhin ist es von Vorteil, dass in Abstaenden runde Fuehrungsscheiben, als Abstandshalter zwischen Welle und Boden, zwischen den Halteplatten und Ringen oder Rohren angeordnet sind.Furthermore, it is advantageous that round guide disks are arranged in intervals, as a spacer between shaft and base, between the holding plates and rings or tubes.

Schiesslich ist es auch von Vorteil, dass auf der einen Seite der Welle die Schraubenfoermige Versetzung der Halteplatten fuer die Werkzeuge rechtgaengig und auf der anderen Seite der Welle linksgaengig vorgesehen ist.Finally, it is also advantageous that the helical displacement of the holding plates for the tools is provided on the one side of the shaft and on the other side of the shaft on the left.

Ferner ist es vorteilhaft, in Abstaenden runde Fuehrungsscheiben als Abstandshalter zwischen den Halteplatten anzuordnen.Furthermore, it is advantageous to arrange round guide disks as spacers between the holding plates in intervals.

Der Erfindungsgegenstand wird nun genauer beschrieben und anhand eines Ausfuehrungsbeispieles in der beigefuegten Zeichnung dargestellt.The subject matter of the invention will now be described in more detail and illustrated with the aid of an exemplary embodiment in the attached drawing.

Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1 die im Querschnitt vieleckige Form aufweisende Antriebswelle mit den Haltestuecken, dem Abstandshalter und den Werkzeugen in Ruhestellung ;
  • Figur 2 zeigt die Welle mit den Haltestuecken, den Abstandshaltern, einen Fuehrungsring und den Werkzeugen, waehrend der Drehbewegung der Welle ; und
  • Figur 3 zeigt in perspektivischer Ansicht die Welle mit den Haltestuecken, den Abstandshaltern und den Werkzeugen.
Show it :
  • 1 shows the drive shaft having a polygonal cross section with the holding pieces, the spacer and the tools in the rest position;
  • Figure 2 shows the shaft with the holding pieces, the spacers, a guide ring and the tools during the rotational movement of the shaft; and
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the shaft with the holding pieces, the spacers and the tools.

Wie den Figuren 1 und 2 zu entnehmen ist, weist die Welle 1 vieleckige Querschnittsform auf, z. B. die Form eines Sechseckes. Auf die profilierte Welle 1 werden Traeger 2 aufgesteckt, die im wesentlichen plattenfoermige Form aufweisen und eine Ausnehmung 3 aufweisen, die die sechseckige Querschnittsform der Welle 1 wiedergeben. Die Platte weist ferner eine Verlaengerung 2a auf, die radial von der Welle 1 absteht und an ihrem freien Ende eine Bohrung 4 aufweist, zur Aufnahme eines gelenkigen Verbindungsmittels, z. B. einer Kette 5, eines Seiles oder Aehnlichem.As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, the shaft 1 has a polygonal cross-sectional shape, for. B. the shape of a hexagon. Carriers 2 are plugged onto the profiled shaft 1, which have an essentially plate-like shape and have a recess 3 which reflect the hexagonal cross-sectional shape of the shaft 1. The plate also has an extension 2a, which projects radially from the shaft 1 and has a bore 4 at its free end, for receiving an articulated connecting means, for. B. a chain 5, a rope or the like.

Mit einem Ende steht die Kette 5 mit der Halteplatte 2, ueber die in das Verlaengerungsstueck 2a eingebrachte Bohrung 4 in Wirkverbindung ; am freien Ende eines gelenkigen oder elastischen Verbindungsstueckes ist ein Werkzeug 6 zum Zerkleinern und zum Aufbereiten der Schneedecke vorgesehen.At one end, the chain 5 is in operative connection with the holding plate 2, via the bore 4 made in the extension piece 2a; At the free end of an articulated or elastic connecting piece, a tool 6 for crushing and preparing the snow cover is provided.

Das Werkzeug 6 kann Y-foermige Schneiden aufweisen; es koennen auch kugel- oder hammerfoermige Werkzeuge vorgesehen sein. Die Auswahl der Werkzeuge 6 haengt einzig und allein von der Beschaffenheit des zu bearbeitenden Schneefeldes ab.The tool 6 can have Y-shaped cutting edges; spherical or hammer-shaped tools can also be provided. The choice of tools 6 depends solely on the nature of the snow field to be processed.

In der Fig. 1 ist die Welle in Ruhestellung dargestellt, d. h. alle gelenkigen oder elastischen Verbindungsmittel 5, sowie die entsprechenden Werkzeuge 6 haengen nach unten.In Fig. 1 the shaft is shown in the rest position, i. H. all articulated or elastic connecting means 5, as well as the corresponding tools 6 hang down.

In der Fig. 2 ist die Welle 1 waehrend der Drehbewegung dargestellt und, aufgrund der auftretenden Zentrifugalkraefte nehmen die Werkzeuge 6 und die Ketten 5 radial ausgerichtete strahlenfoermige Stellungen ein. Jedes Werkzeug 6 bildet dabei den aeussersten Punkt der Bearbeitungseinheit.2, the shaft 1 is shown during the rotary movement and, due to the centrifugal forces that occur, the tools 6 and the chains 5 assume radially oriented radiation-shaped positions. Each tool 6 forms the outermost point of the processing unit.

Durch Vorsehen der Halteplatten 2 und deren formschluessigen Verbindung mit der im Querschnitt sechseckigen Welle 1 besteht die Moeglichkeit, die einzelnen Werkzeuge gleichmaessig in Umfangsrichtung winkelmaessig zu versetzen.By providing the holding plates 2 and their positive connection with the shaft 1, which is hexagonal in cross section, it is possible to offset the individual tools uniformly in the circumferential direction.

Die auf Abstand angeordneten runden Fuehrungsscheiben 10 dienen zum Anheben der Vorrichtung bei Auflaufen auf Felsen, Steinen oder derartigen Hindernissen.The spaced round guide disks 10 serve to lift the device when hitting rocks, stones or such obstacles.

Aus der Fig. 3 kann der Winkelversatz der Tragplatten 2 mit den Ketten 5 und den dazugehoerigen Werkzeugen 6 besser entnommen werden. Ferner kann der Fig. 3 entnommen werden, dass die Tragplatten 2, die auf der rechten Seite der Welle 1 dargestellt sind, derartig versetzt angeordnet sind, dass eine schraubenfoermige Anordnung mit Linksgang erstellt wird, wogegen auf der linken Seite der Welle 1 die Halteplatten 2, die Ketten 5 und die Werkzeuge derartig angeordnet sind, dass eine rechtsgaengige, schraubenfoermige Gestalt eingenommen wird. Diese Anordnung der einzelnen Werkzeuge hat den Vorteil, dass der aufwirbelnde Schnee sowohl nach rechts als auch nach links vom Pistengeraet wegbefoerdert wird und somit Gelaendeeinsenkungen und seitlich liegende Einsenkungen des Schneefeldes mit Schnee aufgefuellt werden.The angular offset of the support plates 2 with the chains 5 and the associated tools 6 can be better seen from FIG. 3. It can also be seen from FIG. 3 that the support plates 2, which are shown on the right side of the shaft 1, are arranged offset such that a helical arrangement with left-hand gear is created, whereas the holding plates 2 are on the left side of the shaft 1 , the chains 5 and the tools are arranged such that a right-handed, helical shape is taken. This arrangement of the individual tools has the advantage that the whirling snow is transported away from the piste equipment to the right and to the left, thus lowering the terrain and lowering the snow field with snow be filled.

Um die Halteplatten 2 im richtigen Abstand voneinander zu halten und in ihrer Axiallage gegenueber der Welle 1 festzulegen, sind in vorteilhafter Weise zwischen den Halteplatten 2 rohrfoermige Abstandshalter 7 vorgesehen. Die innere Bohrung der Abstandshalter 7 ist etwas groesser gehalter als der Maximaldurchmesser (a) der im Querschnitt vieleckigen Welle 1. Die Montage der Halteplatten 2 zusammen mit den Ketten 5 und den Werkzeugen 6 erfolgt ueber formschluessige Verbindung mit der Welle 1 sowie unter Verwendung der beschriebenen Abstandshalter 7. Diese Montageart ermoeglicht es, sowohl die Distanzhalter 7 als auch die Halteplatten 2 und die Fuehrungsringe 10 schnell zu montieren oder von der Welle abzuziehen ; dies um die Stellung der Halteplatten 2 und daher der Werkzeuge 6 gegenueber der Welle 1 zu veraendern oder aber, um einen Austausch der Werkzeuge 6 bei Verwendung unterschiedlicher Werkzeuge zu ermoeglichen.In order to keep the holding plates 2 at the correct distance from one another and to fix them in their axial position with respect to the shaft 1, tubular spacers 7 are advantageously provided between the holding plates 2. The inner bore of the spacers 7 is somewhat larger than the maximum diameter (a) of the shaft 1, which is polygonal in cross section. The mounting of the holding plates 2 together with the chains 5 and the tools 6 takes place via a positive connection with the shaft 1 and using the described Spacers 7. This type of mounting enables the spacers 7 as well as the holding plates 2 and the guide rings 10 to be mounted quickly or removed from the shaft; this in order to change the position of the holding plates 2 and therefore of the tools 6 with respect to the shaft 1, or else to make it possible to exchange the tools 6 when using different tools.

In vorteilhafter Weise weist die Welle 1 zylinderfoermige Endzapfen 1a auf, mit denen die Welle 1 in den Aufnahmelagern (nicht dargestellt) eines Geraetes zum Zerkleinern, Aufbereiten und Abfraesen der Schneedecke, das an einem bekannten Schneefahrzeug angebaut ist und fuer die Preaparierung von Skipisten Verwendung findet, gelagert wird.Advantageously, the shaft 1 has cylindrical end journals 1 a, with which the shaft 1 in the receiving bearings (not shown) of a device for crushing, preparing and milling the snow cover, which is attached to a known snow vehicle and is used for the preparation of ski slopes , is stored.

Der Antrieb der Welle 1 erfolgt ueber bekannte Mittel, wie z. B. Ketten oder Keilrieme und bedarf keiner genaueren Beschreibung. Die Arbeitsweise der erfingungsgemaessen Vorrichtung ist folgende :

  • Soll die Welle 1 mit dem Werkzeug 6 zum Einsatz gebracht werden, so wird die Welle 1 in Drehbewegung versetzt und die Ketten 5 mit den Werkzeugen 6 nehmen eine radial nach aussen gerichtete strahlenfoermige Stellung ein, wie dies in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellt wird. Waehrend dieser Drehbewegung erfolgt die Zerkleinerung von stumpfen Schnee, harten oder vereisten Schneebrocken, die erneut in pulverfoermigen Schnee umgewandelt werden, wodurch dem Skilaeufer eine Piste mit idealer Beschaffenheit zur Verfuegung gestellt wird.
The shaft 1 is driven by known means, such as, for. B. chains or V-belts and requires no detailed description. The operation of the device according to the invention is as follows:
  • If the shaft 1 is to be used with the tool 6, the shaft 1 is set in rotary motion and the chains 5 with the tools 6 assume a radially outward radiation-like position, as is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. During this rotary movement, dull snow, hard or icy snow chunks are crushed, which are again converted into powder-like snow, whereby the ski runner is provided with a slope with an ideal condition.

Dank der versetzen Anordung der Werkzeuge 6 mit schraubenfoermigen Verlauf, der sowohl linksgaengig als auch rechtsgaengig vorgesehen ist, wird der aufgearbeitete Schnee seitlich in Richtung der aeusseren Laengswaende des Fahrzeuges befoerdert, wodurch Vertiefungen und Gelaendeabsenkungen mit frischem Schnee aufgefuellt werden koennen. Sobald die Werkzeuge 6 auf felsigen Untergrund oder harte Eisbrocken stossen, die nicht zerkleinerbar sind, oder wenn die Werkzeuge auf grosse Steine aufschlagen, so tritt bei der erfindungsgemaessen Vorrichtung auf keinen Fall der Nachteil, der den herkoemmichen, mit festen Werkzeugen ausgeruesteten Schneefraesen anhaftet, ein, da das erfindungsgemaesse Werkzeug 6 dank der gelenkigen oder flexiben Verbindung ueber die Kette 5 mit der Tragplatte 2, die auf der Welle 1 aufgesteckt ist, automatisch gegenueber dem Hindernis, in Richtung der Laengsachse der Welle 1 ausweichen kann, wobei nach Ueberfahren des Hindernisses durch das Werkzeug 6 aufgrund der auf dieses einwirkenden Zentrifugalkraefte erneut die in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellte Arbeitsposition eingenommen werden kann. Weiter wird durch die Fuehrungsscheiben 10 ein Anheben und Absenken der Vorrichtung beim Ueberfahren von Felsen und Steinen erzielt.Thanks to the offset arrangement of the tools 6 with a screw-shaped course, which is provided both left-handed and right-handed, the processed snow is conveyed laterally in the direction of the outer longitudinal walls of the vehicle, as a result of which depressions and terrain subsidence can be filled with fresh snow. As soon as the tools 6 hit rocky ground or hard chunks of ice that cannot be comminuted, or when the tools hit large stones, the disadvantage of the device according to the invention, which adheres to conventional snow mills equipped with solid tools, does not occur in any case , since the tool 6 according to the invention, thanks to the articulated or flexible connection via the chain 5 to the support plate 2, which is attached to the shaft 1, can automatically dodge the obstacle in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the shaft 1, after having passed the obstacle by due to the centrifugal forces acting on it, the tool 6 can again be in the working position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Furthermore, the guide disks 10 raise and lower the device when driving over rocks and stones.

Beim Ueberfahren eines Hindernisses erfolgt kein hartes Aufschlagen der Werkzeuge und daher keine stossartige Belastung der mechanischen Bauteile, die zu einer Beschaedigung der Antriebseinrichtung der Welle 1 fuehren koennte. Ferner tritt keine sprunghafte Zunahme des Antriebsmomentes fuer die Welle 1 auf, die zu einer Beschaedigung der Antriebseinrichtungen und der Lager fuehren koennte.When driving over an obstacle, the tools are not hit hard and therefore there is no impact load on the mechanical components, which could lead to damage to the drive device of the shaft 1. Furthermore, there is no sudden increase in the drive torque for the shaft 1, which could lead to damage to the drive devices and the bearings.

Infolge elastisch, flexibel oder gelenkig gelagerter Werkzeuge kann die Welle 1 mit sehr grosser Drehzahl angetrieben werden, ohne dass dies negative Auswirkungen auf das Antriebssystem der Maschine haben kann. Es besteht somit die Moeglichkeit, das Schneefahrzeug mit grosser Fahrgeschwindigkeit anzutreiben. Durch die hohe Drehzahl der Welle 1 wird den Werkzeugen 6 eine sehr hohe kinetische Energie verliehen, die in guenstiger Weise zum Zerkleinern harter Schnee- oder Eisstuecke verwendet wird, ohne dass dabei eine unerwuenschte Uebertragung von Stoessen und Schlaegen auf die Antriebswelle 1 zu befuerchten waere. Alle Schlaege und Stoesse, die u. U. auftreten, werden aufgrund der Verformbarkeit oder Ausweichmoeglichkeit der Kette 5 von dieser aufgenommen und somit werden keinerlei Stoesse und Schlaege auf die Welle 1 uebertragen.As a result of elastic, flexible or articulated tools, the shaft 1 can be driven at a very high speed without this having any negative effects on the drive system of the machine. It is therefore possible to drive the snow vehicle at high driving speeds. Due to the high speed of the shaft 1, the tools 6 are given a very high kinetic energy, which is advantageously used for crushing hard pieces of snow or ice without fear of undesired transmission of impacts and blows to the drive shaft 1. All blows and bumps that u. U. occur, due to the deformability or possibility of evacuation of the chain 5 is absorbed by it and thus no shocks and blows are transmitted to the shaft 1.

Die Moeglichkeit, die Halteplatten 2 mit den Ketten und den dazugehoerigen Werkzeugen 6 schnell austauschen zu koennen, ermoeglicht es, sich mit unterschiedlichen Werkzeugen 6 an die verschiedensten Beschaffenheiten des Schneefeldes anpassen zu koennen. Ferner waere es auch denkbar, flexible oder gelenkige Verbindungsmittel, wie z. B. die Ketten 5 oder Arme mit unterschiedlicher Laenge zu verwenden, um somit das Werkzeug 6 mit mehr oder weniger grossem radialen Abstand von der Welle 1 anzuordnen.The possibility of being able to quickly replace the holding plates 2 with the chains and the associated tools 6 makes it possible to be able to adapt to the most varied properties of the snow field with different tools 6. Furthermore, it would also be conceivable to use flexible or articulated connecting means such. B. to use the chains 5 or arms with different lengths, so as to arrange the tool 6 with a more or less large radial distance from the shaft 1.

Claims (5)

1. A device for a snow-grooming vehicle for comminuting, packing and preparing hard and ice-covered surfaces of the snow cover of a ski run, using a rotatable shaft (1) disposed transversely of the direction of travel of the vehicle and equipped with comminuting and packing tools (6) connected to the shaft (1) via elastic or pivotable connecting means (5), characterised in that the tools (6) are disposed along a helix in the circumferential direction of the shaft (1) at a freely selectable and variable angular offset ; the shaft (1) is polygonal in cross-section and accommodates interchangeable retaining plates for the tools (6) ; and the retaining plates (2, 2a) have apertures of a shape corresponding to the cross- sectional shape of the shaft (1).
2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the shaft (1) is hexagonal in cross-section (Fig. 3).
3. A device according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that interchangeable rings or tubes are provided as spacers (7) between the retaining plates (2, 2a).
4. A device according to claims 1 to 3, characterised in that round guide discs (10) are provided at intervals as spacers between the shaft (1) and the ground, said guide discs beig disposed between the retaining plates (2, 2a) and rings or tubes (7).
5. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the helical offsetting of the retaining plates (2, 2a) for the tools (6) has a right-hand thread on one side of the shaft (1) and a left-hand thread on the other side of the shaft.
EP83101696A 1982-03-09 1983-02-22 Device for a snow-grooming vehicle for packing and preparing the snow cover of a ski-run Expired EP0088283B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83101696T ATE28576T1 (en) 1982-03-09 1983-02-22 DEVICE FOR A SLEEVE VEHICLE FOR COMPACTING AND PREPARING THE SNOW LAYER ON SKI SLOPES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2002982 1982-03-09
IT20029/82A IT1150259B (en) 1982-03-09 1982-03-09 DEVICE TO CONSTITUTE AND TREAT THE SNOW ON THE SKI SLOPES, COMBINED WITH A SNOW VEHICLE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0088283A1 EP0088283A1 (en) 1983-09-14
EP0088283B1 true EP0088283B1 (en) 1987-07-29

Family

ID=11163243

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83101696A Expired EP0088283B1 (en) 1982-03-09 1983-02-22 Device for a snow-grooming vehicle for packing and preparing the snow cover of a ski-run

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0088283B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE28576T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3372714D1 (en)
IT (1) IT1150259B (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2606011A (en) * 1948-03-22 1952-08-05 William A Lommen Icebreaker for highway maintenance
CH300498A (en) * 1952-02-20 1954-08-15 Grisel Louis Machine for removing a soil surface layer.
GB769557A (en) * 1953-08-05 1957-03-13 Nat Res Dev Apparatus for clearing snow or ice from road and the like open-air surfaces
CA935284A (en) * 1971-11-15 1973-10-16 Fleurant Rolland Towable thrasher
US3779319A (en) * 1972-04-24 1973-12-18 T Pease Mobile snow working apparatus with adjustable height flailer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT8220029A0 (en) 1982-03-09
DE3372714D1 (en) 1987-09-03
IT1150259B (en) 1986-12-10
EP0088283A1 (en) 1983-09-14
ATE28576T1 (en) 1987-08-15

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