EP0086289B1 - Appareil pour la détection du grain fissuré du riz non-décortiqué ou du riz décortiqué - Google Patents

Appareil pour la détection du grain fissuré du riz non-décortiqué ou du riz décortiqué Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0086289B1
EP0086289B1 EP19820300724 EP82300724A EP0086289B1 EP 0086289 B1 EP0086289 B1 EP 0086289B1 EP 19820300724 EP19820300724 EP 19820300724 EP 82300724 A EP82300724 A EP 82300724A EP 0086289 B1 EP0086289 B1 EP 0086289B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
grain
darkness
counting
rice
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19820300724
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0086289A1 (fr
Inventor
Toshihiko Satake
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Satake Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Satake Engineering Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Satake Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical Satake Engineering Co Ltd
Priority to DE8282300724T priority Critical patent/DE3278033D1/de
Priority to EP19820300724 priority patent/EP0086289B1/fr
Publication of EP0086289A1 publication Critical patent/EP0086289A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0086289B1 publication Critical patent/EP0086289B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/3416—Sorting according to other particular properties according to radiation transmissivity, e.g. for light, x-rays, particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06M—COUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06M7/00—Counting of objects carried by a conveyor
    • G06M7/02—Counting of objects carried by a conveyor wherein objects ahead of the sensing element are separated to produce a distinct gap between successive objects
    • G06M7/04—Counting of piece goods, e.g. of boxes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement in apparatus for detecting cracked grains of unhulled and hulled rice.
  • an object of the invention is to achieve an apparatus for detecting cracked grains of unhulled and hulled rice with high precision.
  • the present applicant's own EP-A2-0060493 pertains to the prior art pursuant to Article 54(3) EPC.
  • apparatus automatically detecting cracked hulled or unhulled rice grains comprising:
  • said detection means includes counting means responsive to said signal from said light receiving means for counting the number of darkness peaks in the shadow of each rice grain having its darkness darker than a predetermined darkness to generate a peak signal corresponding in number to the number of darkness peaks, correction means responsive to said signal from said light receiving means for generating a single correction signal for the respective rice grain, and subtraction means connected to said counting means and said correction means for subtracting said single correction signal from the number of the peak signal to determine that the rice grain is a cracked rice grain when the subtraction result is at least one and the rice grain is not a cracked rice grain when the subtraction result is zero.
  • said subtraction means issues a signal when said subtraction result is at least one and a display device counts the number of signals issued by the subtraction means to determine and display the number of cracked rice grains.
  • an apparatus for detecting cracked grain of unhulled or hulled rice constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, has a box-shaped frame 1 in which a rice feeding trough 3 provided with a vibrator 2 is mounted at a gentle gradient.
  • a rice supply hopper 5 is disposed above the inlet portion 4 of the rice feeding trough 3, while the outlet end of the trough 3 is projected to the outside of the machine frame 1 through an opening 6 thereof.
  • the rice feeding trough 3 is provided at its bottom with a light transmitting window 7.
  • a light source 8 such as an incandescent lamp and a light receiving element 9 such as a photodiode are disposed to substantially oppose each other in the vertical direction across the light transmitting window 7.
  • the light receiving element 9 is electrically and operatively connected to a cracked grain detector 10 mounted on an upper portion of the machine frame 1, so that the cracked grain is detected from the quantity of light transmitted through the grain passing over the window 7.
  • the term "substantially oppose each other" in this specification is used to involve not only such an arrangement that the light source and the light receiving element are precisely confronting each other but also such a case that the line interconnecting the light source and the light receiving element is arranged at a certain angle to the plane of the light transmitting window 7 and even such a case that, although the light source and the light receiving element are offset from each other, they oppose optically to each other along a curved path of light presented by an optical fiber or the like.
  • the cracked grain detector 10 includes a counter circuit 11 for counting the number of grain particles, a counter circuit 12 for counting the cracked grain particles, digital display devices 13, 14, 15 and so forth.
  • the construction of the cracked grain detecting device 10 will be explained hereinunder with reference to an electric circuit diagram shown in Fig. 3.
  • the output of the light receiving element 9 is branched into two lines one of which is connected to the grain number counter circuit 11 while the other is connected to the cracked grain counter circuit 12.
  • the grain number counter circuit 11 includes an amplifier 16 adapted to receive the output from the light receiving element 9 and to deliver an output to one of the inputs of a comparator 18.
  • the counter circuit 11 further includes a setting device 19 for setting a reference darkness A for detecting the number of grain particles and connected to the other of two inputs to the comparator 18.
  • the counter circuit 11 includes also a counter 20 connected to the output of the comparator 18, a reference clock circuit 21 connected to the counter 20, and a grain number digital display device 13 connected to the output of the counter 20.
  • the cracked grain counter circuit 12 includes an amplifier 17 for receiving the output from the light receiving element 9, a comparator 23 to one input of which the amplifier 17 is connected, a setting device 24 for setting any desired darkness B for detecting the cracked grain and connected to the other input of the comparator 23, a counter 25 to which the output of the comparator 23 is connected, a reference clock circuit 26 connected to the counter 25 and a cracked grain digital display device 14 connected to the output of the counter 25.
  • a circuit shunting from the output of the comparator 23 is connected to a correction counter 27 to which is also connected a correcting clock circuit 28.
  • the output of the correction counter 27 is connected to the cracked grain digital display device 14 to subtract the number counted by the counter 27 from the content of the display device 14.
  • the grain number display device 13 and the cracked grain counter 14 are connected to a digital display device 15 adapted to display the ratio of the number of cracked grain particles to the total number of the grain particles.
  • Fig. 2 shows the principal of operation of the apparatus of the invention. Assume here that a hulled rice grain, regular unhulled rice grain, broken unhulled rice grain, cracked unhulled rice grain, unripe unhulled rice grain or a dead unhulled rice grain are arrayed in the mentioned order. Light is applied to scan each grain from the lower side so that the shadow or quantity of light received by the light receiving element for each grain is obtained as shown by the full-line curve in Fig. 2.
  • the broken line A-A shows the reference darkness A as obtained at a substantially central portion of the shadow of the transparent portion of the regular unhulled rice grain
  • a broken line B-B represents any desired darkness B corresponding to the germ of the unhulled rice grain and white opaque portions of the unripe rice grain and dead rice grain
  • the broken line C-C represents the level of any desired darkness of the shadow of the hulled rice grain. More specifically, a symbol X represents the shadow of the white opaque portion of the germ, Y represents the shadow of a cracked surface and Z represents the shadow of the white opaque portion such as unripe rice grain and dead rice grain.
  • the apparatus of this embodiment having the described construction operates in a manner explained hereinunder when supplied with unhulled grains.
  • the reference darkness A is set in the setting device 19 connected to the comparator 18 of the grain number counter circuit 11, while any desired darkness B is set in the setting device 24 connected to the comparator 23 of the cracked grain counting circuit 12.
  • the light is applied by the light source 8 from the lower side of the light transmitting window 7 to the rice grain on the light transmitting window 7, so that a shadow of darkness and brightness corresponding to the nature of each grain particle is formed on the reverse side of each grain particle.
  • This shadow is received by the light receiving element 9 disposed above the light transmitting window 7, and the output from the light receiving element, corresponding to the shadow of each grain particle, is transmitted to both of the grain number counter circuit 11 and the cracked grain counter circuit 12.
  • the detection signal from the light receiving element 9 is amplified by the amplifier 16 and delivered to the comparator 18 so as to be compared in the latter with the set value A of the reference darkness derived from the setting device 19.
  • the comparator 18 then produces a coincidence signal or counting signal at each time coincidence is obtained between the two signals and delivers this counting signal to the counter 20.
  • the counter 20 counts the number of clock pulses coming from the reference clock circuit 21 while the counter signal is being issued from the comparator 18.
  • the counter 20 issues a signal S 1 at each time the counter 20 counts a predetermined number of pulses representing an unbroken grain having its longitudinal dimension at least equal to a predetermined longitudinal dimension.
  • the signal 5, representing the passage of an unbroken grain particle is delivered to the display device 13 so that the total number of rice grain particles having their respective shadows of darkness darker than the reference darkness A and their respective longitudinal dimensions at least equal to the predetermined longitudinal dimension and passed over the light transmitting window, i.e. the regular rice grain particles, cracked rice grain particles, unripe rice grain particles and dead rice grain particles, is displayed on the display device 13.
  • the detection signal from the light receiving element 9 is amplified by the amplifier 17 and the amplified signal is delivered to the comparator 23.
  • the comparator 23 compares this amplified signal with the signal of the predetermined level of darkness B set by the setting device 24, and delivers the coincidence signal to the counter 25.
  • the counter 25 counts the number of clock pulses coming from the reference clock circuit 26 while the counting signal is being issued.
  • the counter 25 delivers a signal to the display device 14 at each time it counts the aforementioned predetermined number of clock pulses, so that the display device 14 displays the number of rice grain particles having shadows of the predetermined darkness B, i.e. the regular rice grain, cracked rice grain, unripe rice grain and dead rice grain, which have passed the light transmitting window.
  • the output shunting from the output side of the comparator 23 is delivered to the correcting counter 27 which counts the number of clock pulses from the correction reference clock circuit 28 while a counting signal is being issued, so that a discrimination is made as to whether the shadow is a single short shadow or a single long shadow by means of the counting time.
  • the discrimination signal is delivered to the display device 14. In consequence, in the display device 14, the number of particles of regular rice grain, unripe rice grain and dead rice grain are subtracted from the total number of the grain particles of the predetermined shadow darkness B which has been counted by the counter 25, so that the display device 14 makes a display of only the number of cracked grain particles.
  • the output from the display device 13 of the grain number counter circuit 11 and the output from the display device 14 of the cracked grain counter circuit 12 are delivered to a digital display device 15 where an arithmetic operation is made to display the ratio of the number of the cracked grain particles to the total number of grain particles.
  • This apparatus can easily be modified for the detection of cracked rice grain from hulled rice grain simply by changing the set values (voltages) of the reference darkness A and the predetermined desired darkness B in the setting devices 19 and 24 of the grain number counter circuit 11 and the cracked grain counter circuit 12.
  • the surfaces of the rice grain particles are scanned one after another so that the time of passage of each grain particle and the quantity of light transmitted by the particle are detected to permit the counting of the total number of rice grain particles which have passed the light-transmitting window.
  • the time of passage and the shadow of each grain particle in the form of a short shadow or long shadow are detected.
  • each cracked grain particle is detected directly or indirectly as having a shadow consisting of a plurality of short segments of dark shadow, thereby enabling one to count the number of the cracked grain particles. It is, therefore, possible to achieve a full automatic detection of cracked rice grain particles to remarkably save the labour in the detection work. Since the detection is made through the change in the quantity of light and shadow of each grain particle obtained by a precise scanning of each grain particle one after another, it is possible to calculate and display accurately and promptly the ratio of the number of cracked rice grain particles to the total number of grain particles.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Appareil pour détecter automatiquement des grains fendus de rix décortiqué ou non décortiqué, comprenant:
une auge (3) comportant une extrémité en amont, une extrémité en aval et une base s'étendant entre les extrémités en amont et en aval;
un moyen (5) pour fournir des grains de riz décortiqué ou non décortiqué jusque sur l'extré- mité en amont de l'auge afin de permettre aux grains de riz de circuler le long de la base de l'auge vers son extrémité en aval;
une fenêtre de transmission de lumière (7) prévue dans la base de l'auge, les grains de riz circulant le long de la base de l'auge en passant par-dessus la fenêtre de transmission de lumière; et
un système de détection incluant une source lumineuse (8) qui applique de la lumière à chaque grain de riz passant par-dessus la fenêtre de transmission de lumière, un moyen (9) pour recevoir la lumière transmise par chaque grain de riz passant par-dessus la fenêtre de transmission de lumière afin d'engendrer un signal représentant la teinte sombre de la lumière transmise par le grain de riz, c'est-à-dire l'ombre du grain de riz, et un circuit de détection (10) connecté au moyen récepteur de lumière pour recevoir le signal de celui-ci afin de déterminer si l'ombre d'un grain comporte au moins deux crêtes d'obscurité, cela indiquant un grain de riz fendu.
2. Appareil selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le circuit de détection (10) comprend un moyen de comptage (25) réagissant au signal provenant du moyen récepteur de lumière (9) pour compter le nombre de crêtes d'obscurité dans l'ombre de chaque grain de riz ayant sa teinte sombre plus sombre qu'une teinte sombre prédéterminée afin d'engendrer un signal de crête correspondant en numéro au nombre de crêtes de teinte sombre, un moyen de correction (27, 28) réagissant au signal provenant du moyen récepteur de lumière pour engendrer un seul signal de correction pour le grain de riz respectif, et un moyen de soustraction (14) connecté au moyen de comptage et au moyen de correction pour soustraire le seul signal de correction du numéro du signal de crête afin de déterminer que le grain de riz est un grain de riz fendu quand le résultat de soustraction est au moins égal à un et le grain de riz n'est pas un grain de riz fendu quand le résultat de soustraction est égal à zéro.
3. Appareil selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le moyen de soustraction (14) émet un signal quand le résultat de soustraction est au moins égal à un et un dispositif de visualisation (14 également) compte le nombre de signaux émis par le moyen de soustraction pour déterminer et visualiser le nombre de grains de riz fendus.
4. Appareil selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel le circuit de détection comprend en outre un moyen de réglage (24) réglant la teinte sombre prédéterminée pour engendrer un signal d'obscurité représentant celle-ci, un comparateur (24) recevant le signal du moyen récepteur de lumière et le signal d'obscurité du moyen de réglage pour émettre un signal de comptage quand le signal provenant du moyen récepteur de lumière et le signal d'obscurité coïncident entre eux, un circuit générateur d'impulsions d'horloge de référence (26) connecté au moyen de comptage (25) pour lui fournir une série d'impulsions d'horloge, le moyen de comptage comptant le nombre d'impulsions d'horloge provenant du circuit générateur d'impulsions d'horloge de référence à partir du temps où le signal de comptage est émis par le comparateur, pour engendrer le signal de crête chaque fois que le nombre d'impulsions comptées par le moyen de comptage atteint un nombre prédéterminé d'impulsions.
5. Appareil selon la revendication 4, dans lequel le moyen de correction comprend un compteur de correction (27) connecté au comparateur (23) et un circuit générateur d'impulsions d'horloge de référence de correction (28) connectée au compteur de correction pour lui fournir une série d'impulsions d'horloge, le compteur de correction comptant le nombre d'impulsions d'horloge provenant du circuit générateur d'impulsions d'horloge de référence de correction à partir du temps où le signal de comptage est émis par le comparateur pour engendrer le signal de correction quand le nombre d'impulsions comptées par le compteur de correction atteint un nombre prédéterminé d'impulsions.
6. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, dans lequel le circuit de détection comprend en outre un circuit compteur de nombre de grains (11) connecté au moyen récepteur de lumière (9) pour recevoir de celui-ci le signal afin de compter le nombre de grains de riz voulus ayant leurs teintes sombres respectives plus sombres qu'une deuxième teinte sombre prédéterminée et leurs dimensions longitudinales respectives plus longues qu'une longueur prédéterminée et passant par-dessus la fenêtre de transmission de lumière (7).
7. Appareil selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le circuit compteur de nombre de grains comprend un autre moyen de réglage (19) réglant la deuxième teinte sombre prédéterminée pour émettre un signal d'obscurité représentant celle-ci, un autre comparateur (18) recevant le signal du moyen récepteur de lumière et le signal d'obscurité dudit autre moyen de réglage pour émettre un autre signal de comptage quand le signal provenant du moyen récepteur de lumière et le signal d'obscurité provenant dudit autre moyen de réglage coïncident entre eux, un autre compteur (20) connecté à l'autre comparateur, un autre circuit générateur d'impulsions d'horloge de référence (21) connecté à l'autre compteur pour lui fournir une série d'impulsions d'horloge, l'autre compteur comptant le nombre d'impulsions d'horloge de l'autre circuit générateur d'impulsions d'horloge de référence à partir du temps où le signal de comptage est émis par l'autre comparateur pour engendrer un signal représentant le passage d'un grain de riz voulu par-dessus la fenêtre de transmission de lumière (7), et un moyen de visualisation (13) connecté à l'autre compteur pour recevoir le signal de celui-ci afin de visualiser le nombre de grains de riz voulus.
8. Appareil selon la revendication 7, quand la revendication 6 dépend de la revendication 3, dans lequel le circuit de détection comprend en outre un dispositif de visualisation (15) connecté au moyen de visualisation (13) et au moyen de soustraction (14) pour calculer et visualiser un rapport du nombre total de grains de riz fendus comptés par le moyen de soustraction au nombre total de grains de riz comptés par l'autre compteur (20).
EP19820300724 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Appareil pour la détection du grain fissuré du riz non-décortiqué ou du riz décortiqué Expired EP0086289B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8282300724T DE3278033D1 (en) 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Apparatus for detecting cracked grain of unhulled rice or hulled rice
EP19820300724 EP0086289B1 (fr) 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Appareil pour la détection du grain fissuré du riz non-décortiqué ou du riz décortiqué

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19820300724 EP0086289B1 (fr) 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Appareil pour la détection du grain fissuré du riz non-décortiqué ou du riz décortiqué

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0086289A1 EP0086289A1 (fr) 1983-08-24
EP0086289B1 true EP0086289B1 (fr) 1988-01-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820300724 Expired EP0086289B1 (fr) 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Appareil pour la détection du grain fissuré du riz non-décortiqué ou du riz décortiqué

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EP (1) EP0086289B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3278033D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3443476A1 (de) * 1984-11-29 1986-05-28 Helmut A. 6720 Speyer Kappner Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pruefen und sortieren von granulatfoermigem material
DE3618173A1 (de) * 1986-05-30 1987-12-03 Mab Marlis Kellermann Glas-sortieranlage
GB8721821D0 (en) * 1987-09-16 1987-10-21 Mainline Technology Ltd Counting articles
WO2014076253A1 (fr) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-22 Buhler Sortex Limited Procédé et appareil d'identification, de tri ou de classification
CN103934223B (zh) * 2014-04-29 2016-08-24 合肥美亚光电技术股份有限公司 一种大米物料的检测分选方法和装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3880289A (en) * 1973-12-14 1975-04-29 Sortex North America Sorting field corn from sweet corn
DE2537658A1 (de) * 1975-08-23 1977-03-03 Elmeg Zaehl- und registriervorrichtung
US4279346A (en) * 1978-12-12 1981-07-21 Southeastern Blueberry Council, Inc. Asynchronous blueberry sorter
JPS57151804A (en) * 1981-03-13 1982-09-20 Satake Eng Co Ltd Detecting device for cracked grain of rice

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Publication number Publication date
EP0086289A1 (fr) 1983-08-24
DE3278033D1 (en) 1988-03-03

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