EP0086289A1 - Appareil pour la détection du grain fissuré du riz non-décortiqué ou du riz décortiqué - Google Patents

Appareil pour la détection du grain fissuré du riz non-décortiqué ou du riz décortiqué Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0086289A1
EP0086289A1 EP82300724A EP82300724A EP0086289A1 EP 0086289 A1 EP0086289 A1 EP 0086289A1 EP 82300724 A EP82300724 A EP 82300724A EP 82300724 A EP82300724 A EP 82300724A EP 0086289 A1 EP0086289 A1 EP 0086289A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grain
rice
light
cracked
transmitting window
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82300724A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0086289B1 (fr
Inventor
Toshihiko Satake
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Satake Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Satake Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Satake Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical Satake Engineering Co Ltd
Priority to DE8282300724T priority Critical patent/DE3278033D1/de
Priority to EP19820300724 priority patent/EP0086289B1/fr
Publication of EP0086289A1 publication Critical patent/EP0086289A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0086289B1 publication Critical patent/EP0086289B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/3416—Sorting according to other particular properties according to radiation transmissivity, e.g. for light, x-rays, particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06M—COUNTING MECHANISMS; COUNTING OF OBJECTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06M7/00—Counting of objects carried by a conveyor
    • G06M7/02—Counting of objects carried by a conveyor wherein objects ahead of the sensing element are separated to produce a distinct gap between successive objects
    • G06M7/04—Counting of piece goods, e.g. of boxes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement in the apparatus for detecting cracked grains of unhulled and hulled rice.
  • an object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for detecting cracked grain of unhulled and hulled rice at a high precision.
  • an apparatus for detecting cracked grain of unhulled rice or hulled rice comprising a rice feeding trough provided at its bottom with a light-transmitting window and arranged to extend substantially horizontally or at a gentle gradient along its length, and a device for detecting the quantity of light having a light source and a light receiving element disposed to substantially oppose to each other across the light transmitting window, whereby the cracked grain is detected from the quantity of light received by the light quantity detecting device.
  • an apparatus for detecting cracked grain of unhulled rice or hulled rice of the type mentioned above characterized by comprising a grain number counter circuit adapted to detect, at each time the rice grain passes the light transmitting window, the time of passage and the reference darkness of light transmitted through the rice grain and to count the number of detections, and 'a cracked grain counter circuit adapted to detect the time of passage and the shadow of the grain of a predetermined darkness in the form of short shadow or a long continuous shadow, the cracked grain being detected as a plurality of short shadows, whereby the total number of grains which have passed the light transmitting window and the number of the cracked grain particles are detected.
  • an apparatus for detecting cracked grain of'unhulled or hulled rice constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, has a box-shaped frame 1 in which a rice feeding trough 3 provided with a vibrator 2 is mounted at a gentle gradient.
  • a rice supply hopper 5 is disposed above the inlet portion 4 of the rice feeding trough 3, while the outlet end of the trough 3 is projected to the outside of the machine frame 1 through an opening 6 thereof.
  • the rice feeding trough 3 is provided at its bottom with a light transmitting window 7.
  • a light source 8 such as an incandescent lamp and a light receiving element 9 such as a photodiode are disposed to substantially oppose each other in the vertical direction across the light transmitting window 7.
  • the light receiving element 9 is electrically and operatively connected to a cracked grain detector 10 mounted on an upper portion of the machine frame 1, so that the cracked grain is detected from the quantity of light transmitted through the grain passing over the window 7.
  • the term "substantially oppose each other" in this specification is used to involve not only such an arrangement that the light source and the light receiving element are precisely confronting each other but also such a case that the line interconnecting the light source and the light receiving element is arranged at a certain angle to the plane of the light transmitting window 7 and even such a case that, although the light source and the light receiving element are offset from each other, they oppose optically to each other along a curved path of light presented by an optical fiber or the like.
  • the cracked grain detector 10 includes a counter circuit 11 for counting the number of grain particles, a counter circuit 12 for counting the cracked grain particles, digital display devices 13, 14, 15 and so forth.
  • the construction of the cracked grain detecting device 10 will be explained hereinunder with reference to an electric circuit diagram shown in Fig. 3.
  • the output of the light receiving element 9 is branched into two lines one of which is connected to the grain number counter circuit 11 while the other is connected to the cracked grain counter circuit 12.
  • the grain number counter circuit 11 includes an amplifier 16 adapted to receive the output from the light receiving element 9 and to deliver an output to one of the inputs of a comparator 18.
  • the counter circuit 11 further includes a setting device 19 for setting a reference darkness A for detecting the number of grain particles and connected to the other of two inputs to the comparator 18.
  • the counter circuit 11 includes also a counter 20 connected to the output of the comparator 18, a reference clock circuit 21 connected to the counter 20, and a grain number digital display device 13 connected to the output of the counter 20.
  • the cracked grain counter circuit 12 includes an amplifier 17 for receiving the output from the light receiving element 9, a comparator 23 to one input of which the amplifier 17 is connected, a setting device 24 for setting any desired darkness B for detecting the cracked grain and connected to the other input of the comparator 23, a counter 25 to which the output of the comparator 23 is connected, a reference clock circuit 26 connected to the counter 25 and a cracked grain digital display device 14 connected to the output of the counter 25.
  • a circuit shunting from the output of the comparator 23 is connected to a correction counter 27 to which is also connected a correcting clock circuit 28.
  • the output of the correction counter 27 is connected to the cracked grain digital display device 14 to subtract the number counted by the counter 27 from the content of the display device 14.
  • the grain number display device 13 and the cracked grain counter 14 are connected to a digital display device 15 adapted to display the ratio of the number of cracked grain particles to the total number of the grain particles.
  • Fig. 2 shows the principle of operation of the apparatus of the invention. Assume here that an hulled rice grain, regular unhulled rice grain, broken unhulled rice grain, cracked unhulled rice grain, unripe unhulled rice grain or a dead unhulled rice grain are arrayed in the mentioned order. Light is applied to scan each grain from the upper side so that the shadow or quantity of light received by the light receiving element for each grain is obtained as shown by the full-line curve in Fig. 2.
  • the broken line A-A shows the a reference darkness A as obtained at/substantially central the portion of the shadow of/transparent portion of the regular unhulled rice grain
  • a broken line B-B represents any desired darkness B corresponding to the germ of the unhulled rice grain and white opaque portions of the unripe rice grain and dead rice grain
  • the broken line C-C represents the level of any desired darkness of the shadow of the hulled rice grain. More specifically, a symbol X represents the shadow of the white opaque portion of the germ, Y represents the . shadow of a cracked surface and Z represents the shadow of the white opaque portion such as unripe rice grain and dead rice grain.
  • the reference darkness A is set in the setting device 19 connected to the comparator 18 of the grain number counter circuit 11, while any desired darkness B is set in the setting device 24 connected to the comparator 23 of the cracked grain counting circuit 12.
  • the light is applied by the light source 8 from the lower side of the light transmitting window 7 to the rice grain on the light transmitting window 7, so that a shadow of darkness and brightness corresponding to the nature of each grain particle is formed on the reverse side of each grain particle.
  • This shadow is received by the light receiving element 9 disposed above the light transmitting window 7, and the output from the light receiving element, corresponding to the shadow of each grain particle, is transmitted to both of the grain number counter circuit 11 and the cracked grain counter circuit 12.
  • the detection signal from the light receiving element 9 is amplified by the amplifier 16 and delivered to the comparator 18 so as to be compared in the latter with the set value A of the reference darkness derived from the setting device 19.
  • the comparator 18 then produces a coincidence signal at each time coincidence is obtained between two signals and delivers this coincidence signal to the counter 20.
  • the counter 20 counts the number of clock pulses coming from the reference clock circuit 21 while the counting signal is being issued.
  • the counter 20 delivers a signal representing the passage of a grain particle to the display device 13 so that the total number of rice grain particles having shadows of the reference darkness A and passed over the light transmitting window, i.e. the regular rice grain particles, cracked rice grain particles, unripe rice grain particles and dead rice grain particles, is displayed on the display device 13.
  • the detection signal from the light receiving element 9 is amplified by the amplifier 17 and the amplified signal is delivered to the comparator 23.
  • the comparator 23 compares this amplified signal with the signal of the predetermined level of darkness B set by the setting device 24, and delivers the coincidence signal to the counter 25.
  • the counter 25 counts the number of clock pulses coming from the reference clock circuit 26 while the counting signal is being issued.
  • the counter 25 delivers a signal to the display device 14 at each time it counts the aforementioned predetermined number of clock pulses, so that the display device 14 displays the number of rice grain particles having shadows of the predetermined darkness B, i.e. the regular rice grain, cracked rice grain, unripe rice grain and dead rice grain, which have passed the light transmitting window.
  • the output shunting from the output side of the comparator 23 is delivered to the correcting counter 27 which counts the number of clock pulses from the correction reference clock circuit 28 while a counting signal is being issued, so that a discrimination is made as to whether the shadow is a single short shadow or a single long shadow by means of the counting time.
  • the discrimination signal is delivered to the display device 14. In consequence, in the display device 14, the number of particles of the regular rice grain, unripe rice grain and the dead rice grain are subtracted from the total number of the grain particles of the predetermined shadow darkness B which has been counted by the counter 25, so that the display device 14 makes a display of only the number of cracked grain particles.
  • the output from the display device 13 of the grain number counter circuit 11 and the output from the display device 14 of the cracked grain counter circuit 12 are delivered to a digital display device 15 where an arithmetic operation is made to display the ratio of the number of the cracked grain particles to the total number of grain particles.
  • This apparatus can easily be modified for the detection of cracked rice grain from the hulled rice grain simply by changing the set values (voltages) of the reference darkness A and the predetermined desired darkness B in the setting devices 19 and 24 of the grain number counter circuit 11 and the cracked grain counter circuit 12.
  • the surface of each rice grain particle is scanned one after-another so that the time of passage of each grain particle and the quantity of light transmitted the by the particle are detected to permit the counting of/total number of rice grain particles which have passed the light transmitting window.
  • the time of passage and the shadow of each grain particle in the form of a short shadow or long shadow are detected.
  • the cracked grain particle is detected directly or indirectly as having a shadow consisting of a plurality of short segments of dark shadow, thereby enabling counting of number of the cracked grain particles. It is, therefore, possible to achieve a full automatic detection of cracked rice grain particles to remarkably save the labour in the detection work.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)
EP19820300724 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Appareil pour la détection du grain fissuré du riz non-décortiqué ou du riz décortiqué Expired EP0086289B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8282300724T DE3278033D1 (en) 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Apparatus for detecting cracked grain of unhulled rice or hulled rice
EP19820300724 EP0086289B1 (fr) 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Appareil pour la détection du grain fissuré du riz non-décortiqué ou du riz décortiqué

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19820300724 EP0086289B1 (fr) 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Appareil pour la détection du grain fissuré du riz non-décortiqué ou du riz décortiqué

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0086289A1 true EP0086289A1 (fr) 1983-08-24
EP0086289B1 EP0086289B1 (fr) 1988-01-27

Family

ID=8189577

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820300724 Expired EP0086289B1 (fr) 1982-02-12 1982-02-12 Appareil pour la détection du grain fissuré du riz non-décortiqué ou du riz décortiqué

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0086289B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3278033D1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3443476A1 (de) * 1984-11-29 1986-05-28 Helmut A. 6720 Speyer Kappner Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pruefen und sortieren von granulatfoermigem material
EP0248281A3 (en) * 1986-05-30 1988-07-27 Kellermann Mab Marlis Glass-sorting arrangement
EP0308223A2 (fr) * 1987-09-16 1989-03-22 Mainline Technology Limited Comptage d'articles
WO2014076253A1 (fr) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-22 Buhler Sortex Limited Procédé et appareil d'identification, de tri ou de classification
CN103934223A (zh) * 2014-04-29 2014-07-23 合肥美亚光电技术股份有限公司 一种大米物料的检测分选方法和装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3880289A (en) * 1973-12-14 1975-04-29 Sortex North America Sorting field corn from sweet corn
DE2537658A1 (de) * 1975-08-23 1977-03-03 Elmeg Zaehl- und registriervorrichtung
US4279346A (en) * 1978-12-12 1981-07-21 Southeastern Blueberry Council, Inc. Asynchronous blueberry sorter
EP0060493A2 (fr) * 1981-03-13 1982-09-22 Satake Engineering Co., Ltd. Appareil pour détecter des grains de riz crevassés

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3880289A (en) * 1973-12-14 1975-04-29 Sortex North America Sorting field corn from sweet corn
DE2537658A1 (de) * 1975-08-23 1977-03-03 Elmeg Zaehl- und registriervorrichtung
US4279346A (en) * 1978-12-12 1981-07-21 Southeastern Blueberry Council, Inc. Asynchronous blueberry sorter
EP0060493A2 (fr) * 1981-03-13 1982-09-22 Satake Engineering Co., Ltd. Appareil pour détecter des grains de riz crevassés

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3443476A1 (de) * 1984-11-29 1986-05-28 Helmut A. 6720 Speyer Kappner Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pruefen und sortieren von granulatfoermigem material
EP0248281A3 (en) * 1986-05-30 1988-07-27 Kellermann Mab Marlis Glass-sorting arrangement
EP0308223A2 (fr) * 1987-09-16 1989-03-22 Mainline Technology Limited Comptage d'articles
EP0308223A3 (fr) * 1987-09-16 1990-01-10 Mainline Technology Limited Comptage d'articles
WO2014076253A1 (fr) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-22 Buhler Sortex Limited Procédé et appareil d'identification, de tri ou de classification
CN103934223A (zh) * 2014-04-29 2014-07-23 合肥美亚光电技术股份有限公司 一种大米物料的检测分选方法和装置
CN103934223B (zh) * 2014-04-29 2016-08-24 合肥美亚光电技术股份有限公司 一种大米物料的检测分选方法和装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0086289B1 (fr) 1988-01-27
DE3278033D1 (en) 1988-03-03

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