EP0082775B1 - Cowl for gaseous fluid - Google Patents

Cowl for gaseous fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0082775B1
EP0082775B1 EP82402313A EP82402313A EP0082775B1 EP 0082775 B1 EP0082775 B1 EP 0082775B1 EP 82402313 A EP82402313 A EP 82402313A EP 82402313 A EP82402313 A EP 82402313A EP 0082775 B1 EP0082775 B1 EP 0082775B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
pipe
angle
equal
generatrixes
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EP82402313A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0082775A2 (en
EP0082775A3 (en
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André Amphoux
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Individual
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Priority to AT82402313T priority Critical patent/ATE41221T1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/02—Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/08—Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues with coaxial cones or louvres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved static gaseous fluid vacuum cleaner, in particular for exhaust gases or fumes from a chimney or any outlet with a substantially vertical axis.
  • Vacuum cleaners are already known which are composed of a lower element and an upper element, hollow, circular, superimposed, coaxial, rigidly fixed to one another, at a certain distance from each other.
  • the lower element of the vacuum cleaner comprises a lower bottom and a lower cap, of generally frustoconical shape, associated with each other, rigidly fixed with each other by their large common base and crossed coaxially by a pipe which is integral with them and which opens into the space between the two lower and upper elements through an outlet for gaseous fluids.
  • the upper element consists of an upper bottom and an upper cap, each of them having a general cone shape, rigidly fixed to each other by their large common base.
  • these static vacuums use the suction effect of a Venturil tube.
  • the pipe through which the gaseous fluids arrive opens into the space between the two upper and lower elements of the vacuum cleaner.
  • the wind, in the space between these lower and upper elements, has an air flow similar to that of a Venturi tube, the gaseous fluids being drawn from the outlet of these fluids.
  • vacuum cleaners are not designed to obtain a fixed nominal flow rate of exhausted gaseous fluids, whatever the wind speed.
  • the invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.
  • a static vacuum cleaner comprising: a lower element and an upper element, forming a venturi, circular, superimposed, coaxial along a longitudinal axis XX, rigidly fixed to each other at a certain distance from one the other, the lower element comprising a lower bottom and a lower cap having the shape of a truncated cone, crossed coaxially by a conduit which opens into the space between the two lower and upper elements by an outlet opening for gaseous fluids forming a circular base, the upper element comprising an upper bottom and an upper cap having a conical shape characterized in that, the height h between the circular base of the lower cap and the upper bottom in line with the duct is order of half the diameter d of the duct, the angle formed between the generatrices of the upper bottom and the YY axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX is between 15 ° and 45 ° more particularly.
  • nt of the order of 26.5 ° and the diameter D of the upper element is between 2d and 3.1 d, in particular between 2.2 d and 3.1 d and, in particular, equal to 3 d, this which leads to the structural characteristic that the generators of the lower cap of the lower element and the generators of the upper bottom of the upper element have a common point, so that, in combination, in the first place, the cylindrical area of revolution with a circular base between the lower element and the upper element in projection of the conduit (free section Sh) is at least equal to the section of the outlet orifice of the conduit Sd; secondly, the outlet opening of the conduit is protected from rain falling at an angle 8 with the axis YY of the order of 45 °.
  • the means making it possible to ensure a free passage section of the fluid to be discharged at least equal to the section of the outlet orifice are constituted by the upper bottom of the upper element, of generally pseudoconic shape, whose generator forms with the longitudinal axis of the device an angle a less than 75 °.
  • the angle a is between 45 ° and 75 °.
  • the means for protecting the outlet opening of the pipe against rain consist of the upper element, the diameter D of which is preferably between 2 and 3.5 times the diameter d of this outlet opening.
  • the diameter D of the upper element is between 2.2 times the diameter d of the outlet orifice and 3.1 times the diameter d of the outlet orifice.
  • the means making it possible to increase the height of the final depression zone relative to the height of the initial depression zone are constituted by the upper cap of the upper element and the lower bottom of the lower element whose generatrices form a angle y less than about 60 °.
  • the single figure is a schematic view of the device according to the invention.
  • the gaseous fluid suction device comprises in combination a conduit 1, a hollow circular lower element 2 ′, with which it is made integral.
  • the lower element 2 consists of a lower bottom 3 and a lower cap 4, each of them having a pseudo-conical shape of axis XX, rigidly fixed to one another according to two large common bases 5 of circular outline.
  • the duct 1 coaxially crosses the bottom bottom 3 and the bottom cap 4.
  • the upper element 6 consists of an upper bottom 7 and an upper cap 8, each of them having a pseudo-conical shape. These two elements are associated with each other along their large circular contour base 9. More particularly, the lower bottom 3 and the lower cap 4 have the shape of a truncated cone, the diameter of the small base of these truncated cones being substantially equal to the diameter d of the duct 1.
  • the static vacuum cleaner comprises means 10 making it possible to ensure a free section Sh of passage of fluid to be evacuated between the lower element 2 and the upper element 3 at least equal to the section Sd of the orifice outlet of the conduit 1 through which the fluids to be discharged arrive; means 11 allowing the protection of the outlet orifice of the conduit 1 against rain and means 12 making it possible to increase the height H2 of final depression relative to the height H1 of initial depression.
  • the means 10 making it possible to provide a free section Sh for the passage of fluids to be evacuated between the lower element 2 and the upper element 6 at least equal to the section Sd of the outlet orifice of the conduit 1 through which the fluids arrive to be evacuated are constituted by the upper bottom 7 of the upper element 6 of generally conical shape whose generatrix forms with the longitudinal axis XX of the device an angle a less than 75 °.
  • free cross section Sh for the passage of the fluid is meant the surface of the cylindrical area of axis XX, of revolution, with circular base, which is between the lower element 2 and the upper element 6, in projection of the duct 1.
  • this free section Sh is a cylindrical revolution of height h, the height h being between the circular base 13 of the lower cap 4 and the upper bottom 7, in line with the duct 1.
  • the circular base is of diameter d.
  • This free section is reduced by the surface that is occupied by the wind, and if the wind occupies half the volume, the free surface is reduced by half. Consequently, it can be written that the free section of the fluid passage is equal to ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ Y h.
  • the free section Sh which naturally was equal to Sd can be increased up to 2 Sd, by increasing the distance h to 0.5 d therefore by increasing the distance between the lower element 2 and the upper element 6.
  • the section Sh can be increased with respect to Sd by increasing h to 0.6 d.
  • the angle ⁇ is between 15 ° and 45 °.
  • the angle a complementary of formed between the axis XX and the generator 7 of the upper bottom, is between approximately 75 ° and 45 °.
  • the angle ⁇ 'formed by the direction of the wind with respect to the axis YY perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the device is an angle less than the angle ⁇ .
  • ⁇ ' between 15 ° and 45 °.
  • the angle formed by the generator 7 of the upper bottom of the upper element 6 and the axis XX is between 0 and 75 °.
  • the angle 1 which is the angle formed by the generator 8 of the upper cap and the generator 7 of the upper bottom is between 0 and 60 °.
  • the angle y formed between the generator 7 and the generator 4 has a bisector coincident with the axis YY. It provides the Venturi effect. Its values are a function of values given at the angle y.
  • the means 11 for protecting the outlet orifice of the conduit 1 against rain are formed by the upper element whose diameter D is less than or equal to 3.5 times the diameter d of the outlet orifice.
  • the diameter D is equal to 3d.
  • a smaller diameter D can be provided which can, for example, be twice the diameter of the duct 1.
  • the means 12 making it possible to increase the height of the final depression zone with respect to the height H1 of the initial depression zone are constituted by the upper cap 8 of the upper element and the lower bottom 3 of the lower element, generators 8 and 3 form an angle y less than about 60 °.
  • the height H1 is the distance between the circular external edges 14 of the lower element and 16 of the upper element. As for the distance H2, this is the distance between the generators 12 respectively of the bottom bottom 3 and the top cap 8, this distance being taken along an axis parallel to the axis XX.
  • the report? is about 3.
  • the static device according to the invention therefore makes it possible to channel the wind by reducing its direction in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the duct 1.
  • the axis of the conduit 1 does not necessarily have to be situated in a vertical plane, therefore may not be perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • Means 17 can also be provided for regulating the nominal flow rate of the gaseous fluids discharged.
  • a flap whose pivot axis 18 is offset from the center of its largest diameter.
  • the flap is pseudo-circular, not planar. It allows to more or less close the duct 1 depending on the wind speed. It is therefore possible to obtain a fixed nominal flow rate of the gaseous fluids discharged, whatever the wind speed. When this speed is low, the flap only very slightly closes the duct 1.
  • the flap pivots about its axis of rotation which, preferably, is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the device.
  • the duct 1 is closed more significantly, all other things being equal.
  • the shutter pivots in proportion to the wind speed thanks to a calibration by a spring whose return force is progressive or thanks to a counterweight which is more or less heavy depending on the wind speed.
  • the static vacuum cleaner according to the invention can, if necessary, be devoid of the lower bottom 3, and / or of the upper cap 8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)

Abstract

A flue terminal comprises upper and lower superimposed hollow circular co-axially fixed units (6, 2). A flue (1) passes through the lower unit and opens into a space between the lower and upper units which is in the shape of a venturi. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un aspirateur statique de fluide gazeux perfectionné, notamment pour des gaz rejetés ou des fumées à partir d'une cheminée ou d'une sortie quelconque à axe sensiblement vertical.The present invention relates to an improved static gaseous fluid vacuum cleaner, in particular for exhaust gases or fumes from a chimney or any outlet with a substantially vertical axis.

On connaît déjà des aspirateurs composés d'un élément inférieur et d'un élément supérieur, creux, circulaires, superposés, coaxiaux, rigidement fixés l'un à l'autre, à une certaine distance l'un de l'autre. L'élément inférieur de l'aspirateur comporte un fond inférieur et un chapeau inférieur, de forme générale tronconique, associés l'un à l'autre, rigidement fixés l'un avec l'autre par leur grande base commune et traversés coaxialement par un tuyau qui leur est solidaire et qui débouche dans l'espace compris entre les deux éléments inférieur et supérieur par un orifice de sortie des fluides gazeux. L'élément supérieur est constitué d'un fond supérieur et d'un chapeau supérieur, chacun d'eux ayant une forme générale de cône, rigidement fixés l'un à l'autre par leur grande base commune.Vacuum cleaners are already known which are composed of a lower element and an upper element, hollow, circular, superimposed, coaxial, rigidly fixed to one another, at a certain distance from each other. The lower element of the vacuum cleaner comprises a lower bottom and a lower cap, of generally frustoconical shape, associated with each other, rigidly fixed with each other by their large common base and crossed coaxially by a pipe which is integral with them and which opens into the space between the two lower and upper elements through an outlet for gaseous fluids. The upper element consists of an upper bottom and an upper cap, each of them having a general cone shape, rigidly fixed to each other by their large common base.

Ces aspirateurs statiques servent d'abord à faciliter l'élimination des fluides gazeux à partir de l'orifice de sortie du conduit prolongeant la cheminée au-dessus de laquelle cet appareil est destiné à être monté.These static vacuum cleaners first serve to facilitate the elimination of gaseous fluids from the outlet of the duct extending the chimney above which this device is intended to be mounted.

Par leur conception, ces aspirateurs statiques font appel à l'effet d'aspiration d'un tube Venturil. Le tuyau par lequel arrivent les fluides gazeux débouche dans l'espace compris entre les deux éléments inférieur et supérieur de l'aspirateur. Le vent, dans l'espace situé entre ces éléments inférieur et supérieur a un écoulement de l'air similaire a celui d'un tube Venturi, les fluides gazeux étant attirés a partir de l'orifice de sortie de ces fluides.By design, these static vacuums use the suction effect of a Venturil tube. The pipe through which the gaseous fluids arrive opens into the space between the two upper and lower elements of the vacuum cleaner. The wind, in the space between these lower and upper elements, has an air flow similar to that of a Venturi tube, the gaseous fluids being drawn from the outlet of these fluids.

Ces aspirateurs statiques donnent en général de bons résultats en présence de vent, mais ils sont construits sans tenir compte de la section libre se trouvant entre l'élément inférieur et l'élément supérieur, à savoir la section libre de passage en périphérie du fluide à évacuer. Or, cette section libre a une action très importante, plus particulièrement quand l'aspirateur statique n'est pas soumis à l'action du vent, donc par temps calme. Il se produit alors une perte de charge très importante, ce qui diminue la vitesse d'expulsion verticale des fluides à évacuer.These static vacuum cleaners generally give good results in the presence of wind, but they are built without taking into account the free section located between the lower element and the upper element, namely the free passage section at the periphery of the fluid to be clear out. However, this free section has a very important action, more particularly when the static vacuum cleaner is not subjected to the action of the wind, therefore in calm weather. A very large pressure drop then occurs, which decreases the vertical expulsion speed of the fluids to be evacuated.

Les aspirateurs statiques connus permettent également d'éviter que l'eau de pluie ne viennent pénétrer dans le conduit de la cheminée par l'intermédiaire de l'orifice de sortie du fluide gazeux. Cependant, ils ne sont pas conçus spécialement pour une pluie tombant selon un certain angle par rapport à l'axe vertical du conduit prolongeant la cheminée. Il ne sont pas prévus non plus pour fonctionner avec des vents ascendants, ou descendants, formant un certain angle avec l'horizontale.Known static vacuum cleaners also make it possible to prevent rainwater from entering the chimney flue via the outlet outlet for the gaseous fluid. However, they are not specially designed for rain falling at an angle to the vertical axis of the pipe extending the chimney. They are also not intended to operate with ascending or descending winds, forming an angle with the horizontal.

Par ailleurs, ces aspirateurs ne sont pas conçus pour obtenir un débit nominal fixe de fluides gazeux rejetés, quelle que soit la vitesse du vent.Furthermore, these vacuum cleaners are not designed to obtain a fixed nominal flow rate of exhausted gaseous fluids, whatever the wind speed.

On connaît également (document FR-A-2 474 651) une installation de rejet dans l'atmosphère ambiante d'un fluide gazeux sous pression et vitesse élevée, par écoulement forcé au moyen d'une machine d'évacuation à laquelle est associée une conduite de rejet qui comporte en outre un dispositif d'évacuation du fluide, associé à l'orifice aval de la conduite de rejet, ce dispositif étant monobloc, normalement dépouvu de parties mobiles, fonctionnant par la suite de son association à la conduite et présence dans l'atmosphère ambiante, c'est-à-dire sans î consommation d'énergie extérieure; le dispositif comportant essentiellement au moins une paroi définissant au moins un espace en forme de Venturi, l'orifice aval étant situé à l'endroit ou à proximité immédiate de la zone rétrécie dudit Venturi. Par conséquent, ce document décrit un aspirateur dynamique qui pose des problèmes différents de ceux des aspirateurs statiques.Also known (document FR-A-2 474 651) is an installation for discharging a gaseous fluid under high pressure and high speed into the ambient atmosphere, by forced flow by means of a discharge machine with which is associated a rejection pipe which furthermore comprises a device for evacuating the fluid, associated with the downstream orifice of the rejection pipe, this device being in one piece, normally devoid of moving parts, operating thereafter from its association with the pipe and presence in the ambient atmosphere, that is to say without external î energy consumption; the device essentially comprising at least one wall defining at least one space in the shape of a Venturi, the downstream orifice being located at the location or in the immediate vicinity of the narrowed area of said Venturi. Consequently, this document describes a dynamic vacuum cleaner which poses different problems from those of static vacuum cleaners.

L'invention a pour but de pallier ces inconvénients. A cet effet, elle propose un aspirateur statique comportant: un élément inférieur et un élément supérieur, formant venturi, circulaires, superposés, coaxiaux selon un axe longitudinal XX, fixés rigidement l'un à l'autre à une certaine distance l'un de l'autre, l'élément inférieur comportant un fond inférieur et un chapeau inférieur ayant une forme de cône tronqué, traversés coaxialement par un conduit qui débouche dans l'espace compris entre les deux éléments inférieur et supérieur par un orifice de sortie des fluides gazeux formant une base circulaire, l'élément supérieur comportant un fond supérieur et un chapeau supérieur ayant une forme conique caractérisé par le fait que, la hauteur h comprise entre la base circulaire du chapeau inférieur et le fond supérieur au droit du conduit est de l'ordre de la moitié du diamètre d du conduit, l'angle formé entre les génératrices du fond supérieur et l'axe YY perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal XX est compris entre 15° et 45° plus spécialement de l'ordre de 26,5° et le diamètre D de l'élément supérieur est compris entre 2d et 3,1 d, notamment entre 2,2 d et 3,1 d et, notamment, égal à 3 d, ce qui conduit à la caractéristique de structure que les génératrices du chapeau inférieur de l'élément inférieur et les génératrices du fond supérieur de l'élément supérieur ont un point commun, de manière que, en combinaison, en premier lieu, l'aire cylindrique de révolution à base circulaire comprise entre l'élément inférieur et l'élément supérieur en projection du conduit (section libre Sh) soit au moins égale à la section de l'orifice de sortie du conduit Sd; en deuxième lieu, l'orifice de sortie du conduit soit protégé de la pluie tombant sous un angle 8 avec l'axe YY de l'ordre de 45°.The invention aims to overcome these drawbacks. To this end, it offers a static vacuum cleaner comprising: a lower element and an upper element, forming a venturi, circular, superimposed, coaxial along a longitudinal axis XX, rigidly fixed to each other at a certain distance from one the other, the lower element comprising a lower bottom and a lower cap having the shape of a truncated cone, crossed coaxially by a conduit which opens into the space between the two lower and upper elements by an outlet opening for gaseous fluids forming a circular base, the upper element comprising an upper bottom and an upper cap having a conical shape characterized in that, the height h between the circular base of the lower cap and the upper bottom in line with the duct is order of half the diameter d of the duct, the angle formed between the generatrices of the upper bottom and the YY axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX is between 15 ° and 45 ° more particularly. nt of the order of 26.5 ° and the diameter D of the upper element is between 2d and 3.1 d, in particular between 2.2 d and 3.1 d and, in particular, equal to 3 d, this which leads to the structural characteristic that the generators of the lower cap of the lower element and the generators of the upper bottom of the upper element have a common point, so that, in combination, in the first place, the cylindrical area of revolution with a circular base between the lower element and the upper element in projection of the conduit (free section Sh) is at least equal to the section of the outlet orifice of the conduit Sd; secondly, the outlet opening of the conduit is protected from rain falling at an angle 8 with the axis YY of the order of 45 °.

Les moyens permettant d'assurer une section libre de passage du fluide à évacuer au moins égale à la section de l'orifice de sortie sont constitués par le fond supérieur de l'élément supérieur, de forme générale pseudoconique, dont la génératrice forme avec l'axe longitudinal du dispositif un angle a inférieur à 75°. De préférence, l'angle a est compris entre 45° et 75°.The means making it possible to ensure a free passage section of the fluid to be discharged at least equal to the section of the outlet orifice are constituted by the upper bottom of the upper element, of generally pseudoconic shape, whose generator forms with the longitudinal axis of the device an angle a less than 75 °. Preferably, the angle a is between 45 ° and 75 °.

Les moyens permettant la protection de l'orifice de sortie du tuyau contre la pluie sont constitués par l'élément supérieur, dont le diamètre D est de préférence compris entre 2 et 3,5 fois le diamètre d de cet orifice de sortie.The means for protecting the outlet opening of the pipe against rain consist of the upper element, the diameter D of which is preferably between 2 and 3.5 times the diameter d of this outlet opening.

Plus préférentiellement, le diamètre D de l'élément supérieur est compris entre 2,2 fois le diamètre d de l'orifice de sorite et 3,1 fois le diamètre d de l'orifice de sortie.More preferably, the diameter D of the upper element is between 2.2 times the diameter d of the outlet orifice and 3.1 times the diameter d of the outlet orifice.

Les moyens permettant d'augmenter la hauteur de la zone de dépression finale par rapport à la hauteur de la zone de dépression initiale sont constitués par le chapeau supérieur de l'élément supérieur et le fond inférieur de l'élément inférieur dont les génératrices forment un angle y inférieur à 60° environ.The means making it possible to increase the height of the final depression zone relative to the height of the initial depression zone are constituted by the upper cap of the upper element and the lower bottom of the lower element whose generatrices form a angle y less than about 60 °.

La description suivante, en regard du dessin annexé à titre d'exemple non limitatif permettra d'illustrer un mode de réalisation de l'invention.The following description, with reference to the attached drawing by way of nonlimiting example, will illustrate an embodiment of the invention.

La figure unique est une vue schématique du dispositif selon l'invention.The single figure is a schematic view of the device according to the invention.

Le dispositif aspirateur de fluide gazeux comporte en combinaison un conduit 1, un élément inférieur 2' creux, circulaire, avec lequel il est rendu solidaire. L'élément inférieur 2 est constitué d'un fond inférieur 3 et d'un chapeau inférieur 4, chacun d'eux ayant une forme pseudo-conique d'axe XX, fixés rigidement l'un à l'autre suivant deux grandes bases communes 5 de contour circulaire. Le conduit 1 traverse coaxialement le fond inférieur 3 et le chapeau inférieur 4.The gaseous fluid suction device comprises in combination a conduit 1, a hollow circular lower element 2 ′, with which it is made integral. The lower element 2 consists of a lower bottom 3 and a lower cap 4, each of them having a pseudo-conical shape of axis XX, rigidly fixed to one another according to two large common bases 5 of circular outline. The duct 1 coaxially crosses the bottom bottom 3 and the bottom cap 4.

L'élément supérieur 6 est constitué d'un fond supérieur 7 et d'un chapeau supérieur 8, chacun d'eux ayant une forme pseudo-conique. Ces deux éléments sont associés l'un à l'autre suivant leur grande base de contour circulaire 9. Plus particulièrement, le fond inférieur 3 et le chapeau inférieur 4 ont une forme de cône tronqué, le diamètre de la petite base de ces cônes tronqués étant sensiblement égal au diamètre d du conduit 1.The upper element 6 consists of an upper bottom 7 and an upper cap 8, each of them having a pseudo-conical shape. These two elements are associated with each other along their large circular contour base 9. More particularly, the lower bottom 3 and the lower cap 4 have the shape of a truncated cone, the diameter of the small base of these truncated cones being substantially equal to the diameter d of the duct 1.

Selon l'invention, l'aspirateur statique comporte des moyens 10 permettant d'assurer une section libre Sh de passage de fluide à évacuer entre l'élément inférieur 2 et l'élément supérieur 3 au moins égale à la section Sd de l'orifice de sortie du conduit 1 par lequel arrivent les fluides à évacuer; des moyens 11 permettant la protection de l'orifice de sortie du conduit 1 contre la pluie et des moyens 12 permettant d'augmenter la hauteur H2 de dépression finale par rapport à la hauteur H1 de dépression initiale.According to the invention, the static vacuum cleaner comprises means 10 making it possible to ensure a free section Sh of passage of fluid to be evacuated between the lower element 2 and the upper element 3 at least equal to the section Sd of the orifice outlet of the conduit 1 through which the fluids to be discharged arrive; means 11 allowing the protection of the outlet orifice of the conduit 1 against rain and means 12 making it possible to increase the height H2 of final depression relative to the height H1 of initial depression.

Les moyens 10 permettant d'assurer une section libre Sh de passage de fluides à évacuer entre l'élément inférieur 2 et l'élément supérieur 6 au moins égale à la section Sd de l'orifice de sortie du conduit 1 par lequel arrivent les fluides à évacuer sont constitués par le fond supérieur 7 de l'élément supérieur 6 de forme généralement conique dont la génératrice forme avec l'axe longitudinal XX du dispositif un angle a inférieur à 75°.The means 10 making it possible to provide a free section Sh for the passage of fluids to be evacuated between the lower element 2 and the upper element 6 at least equal to the section Sd of the outlet orifice of the conduit 1 through which the fluids arrive to be evacuated are constituted by the upper bottom 7 of the upper element 6 of generally conical shape whose generatrix forms with the longitudinal axis XX of the device an angle a less than 75 °.

En effet, le vent suivant sa direction, peut avoir une influence plus ou moins favorable sur le tirage.Indeed, the wind following its direction, can have a more or less favorable influence on the draft.

Quand le vent est dirigé de bas en haut, par exemple selon la direction de la flèche F1 formant un angle β rapport à un axe YY perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal XX du dispositif, il augmente le tirage.When the wind is directed from bottom to top, for example in the direction of the arrow F1 forming an angle β relative to an axis YY perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the device, it increases the draft.

S'il n'existe pas de vent, et si la vitesse de sortie des fluides à extraire est représentée par un vecteur parallèle à l'axe XX, de préférence vertical, de longueur 1, le débit de fluide écoulé par seconde est égal à la section Sd.l.If there is no wind, and if the speed of exit of the fluids to be extracted is represented by a vector parallel to the axis XX, preferably vertical, of length 1, the flow of fluid flowed per second is equal to the section Sd.l.

Si le vent vient agir selon une direction ascendante, par exemple selon la flèche F1, les fluides sortiront du dispositif suivant la résultante du vecteur vertical et du vecteur incliné de longueur 11 , et le débit de fluide évacué sera plus important.If the wind comes to act in an upward direction, for example according to arrow F1, the fluids will leave the device according to the result of the vertical vector and the inclined vector of length 11, and the flow rate of evacuated fluid will be greater.

Par contre, si le vent vient à agir selon une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe XX longitudinal du dispositif, il est nécessaire, pour qu'il y ait un débit de fluide, que la section libre Sh de passage de fluide entre l'élément inférieur 2 et l'élément supérieur 6 soit au moins égale a la section Sd de l'orifice de sortie du conduit 1.On the other hand, if the wind comes to act in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the device, it is necessary, for there to be a flow of fluid, that the free section Sh of passage of fluid between the element lower 2 and the upper element 6 is at least equal to the section Sd of the outlet orifice of the duct 1.

Par section libre Sh de passage du fluide, on entend la surface de l'aire cylindrique d'axe XX, de révolution, à base circulaire, qui est comprise entre l'élément inférieur 2 et l'élément supérieur 6, en projection du conduit 1. Ainsi, cette section libre Sh est cylindrique de révolution de hauteur h, la hauteur h étant comprise entre la base circulaire 13 du chapeau inférieur 4 et le fond supérieur 7, au droit du conduit 1. La base circulaire est de diamètre d. Cette section libre est diminuée par la surface qui est occupée par le vent, et si le vent occupe la moitié du volume, la surface libre est diminuée de moitié. Par conséquent, on peut écrire que la section libre du passage de fluide est égale à

Figure imgb0001
· 2π · Y h.By free cross section Sh for the passage of the fluid is meant the surface of the cylindrical area of axis XX, of revolution, with circular base, which is between the lower element 2 and the upper element 6, in projection of the duct 1. Thus, this free section Sh is a cylindrical revolution of height h, the height h being between the circular base 13 of the lower cap 4 and the upper bottom 7, in line with the duct 1. The circular base is of diameter d. This free section is reduced by the surface that is occupied by the wind, and if the wind occupies half the volume, the free surface is reduced by half. Consequently, it can be written that the free section of the fluid passage is equal to
Figure imgb0001
· 2π · Y h.

Par contre, la section de l'orifice de sortie du tuyau est égale à Sd = π ·

Figure imgb0002
. On a donc h = i. Par conséquent la tangente de l'angle formé entre la génératrice 7 du fond supérieur et l'axe YY perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal XX est égale à J. Ainsi tg β =
Figure imgb0001
et l'angle est égal a 26°5.On the other hand, the section of the outlet of the pipe is equal to Sd = π ·
Figure imgb0002
. So we have h = i. Consequently, the tangent of the angle formed between the generatrix 7 of the upper bottom and the axis YY perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX is equal to J. Thus tg β =
Figure imgb0001
and the angle is 26 ° 5.

Cependant, grâce au dispositif la section libre Sh qui naturellement était égale à Sd peut être augmentée jusqu'à 2 Sd, en augmentant la distance h jusqu'à 0,5 d donc en augmentant la distance entre l'élément inférieur 2 et l'élément supérieur 6. On peut augmenter la section Sh par rapport à Sd en augementant h jusqu'à 0,6 d.However, thanks to the device the free section Sh which naturally was equal to Sd can be increased up to 2 Sd, by increasing the distance h to 0.5 d therefore by increasing the distance between the lower element 2 and the upper element 6. The section Sh can be increased with respect to Sd by increasing h to 0.6 d.

L'angle β est compris entre 15° et 45°. L'angle a, complémentaire de formé entre l'axe XX et la génératrice 7 du fond supérieur, est compris entre environ 75° et 45°.The angle β is between 15 ° and 45 °. The angle a, complementary of formed between the axis XX and the generator 7 of the upper bottom, is between approximately 75 ° and 45 °.

Si le fluide à évacuer a une vitesse ascensionnelle qui n'est pas négligeable, l'angle β' formé par la direction du vent par rapport à l'axe YY perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal XX du dispositif est un angle inférieur à l'angle β. Par conséquent, on peut écrire β' compris entre 15° et 45°. L'angle a formé par la génératrice 7 du fond supérieur de l'élément supérieur 6 et l'axe XX est compris entre 0 et 75°. L'angle 1 qui est l'angle formé par la génératrice 8 du chapeau supérieur et la génératrice 7 du fond supérieur est compris entre 0 et 60°. L'angle y formé entre la génératrice 7 et la génératrice 4 a une bissectrice confondue avec l'axe YY. Il permet d'obtenir l'effet Venturi ses valeurs sont fonction de valeurs données à l'angle y.If the fluid to be evacuated has a non-negligible rate of rise, the angle β 'formed by the direction of the wind with respect to the axis YY perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the device is an angle less than the angle β. By Consequently, we can write β 'between 15 ° and 45 °. The angle formed by the generator 7 of the upper bottom of the upper element 6 and the axis XX is between 0 and 75 °. The angle 1 which is the angle formed by the generator 8 of the upper cap and the generator 7 of the upper bottom is between 0 and 60 °. The angle y formed between the generator 7 and the generator 4 has a bisector coincident with the axis YY. It provides the Venturi effect. Its values are a function of values given at the angle y.

Les moyens 11 permettant la protection de l'orifice de sortie du conduit 1 contre la pluie sont constitués par l'élément supérieur dont le diamètre D est inférieur ou égal à 3,5 fois le diamètre d de l'orifice de sortie.The means 11 for protecting the outlet orifice of the conduit 1 against rain are formed by the upper element whose diameter D is less than or equal to 3.5 times the diameter d of the outlet orifice.

Si la pluie tombe selon la direction de la flèche F2 en formant un angle 8 avec l'axe YY perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du dispositif, et si on appelle dl la distance qui sépare le bord externe 14 de l'élément inférieur et la projection de l'orifice de sortie sur l'axe YY, cette projection ayant la référence 15, on peut écrire:If the rain falls in the direction of the arrow F2 by forming an angle 8 with the axis YY perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the device, and if we call dl the distance between the outer edge 14 of the lower element and the projection of the outlet orifice on the YY axis, this projection having the reference 15, we can write:

Figure imgb0004
Ainsi, si l'angle 8 est égal à 45°, et si par ailleurs le paramètre h est égal à d 2 et que l'angle β est égal à 26° ,5, le diamètre D est égal à 3d.
Figure imgb0004
 Thus, if the angle 8 is equal to 45 °, and if moreover the parameter h is equal to d 2 and the angle β is equal to 26 °, 5, the diameter D is equal to 3d.

Si l'angle a a une valeur inférieure à savoir une valeur égale à l'angle β', lorsque la vitesse ascensionnelle des fluides évacués n'est pas négligeable, et si la hauteur h est égale à q, pour que l'angle 8 soit égal à 45°, c'est à dire pour protège au maximum l'orifice de sortie du conduit 1, on peut prévoir un diamètre D moins important qui peut par exemple être égal à deux fois le diamètre du conduit 1.If the angle aa has a lower value, namely a value equal to the angle β ', when the upward speed of the discharged fluids is not negligible, and if the height h is equal to q, so that the angle 8 is equal to 45 °, that is to say to protect the outlet orifice of the duct 1 as much as possible, a smaller diameter D can be provided which can, for example, be twice the diameter of the duct 1.

Ainsi, on peut écrire D compris entre 2d et 3, 5d.Thus, we can write D between 2d and 3, 5d.

Les moyens 12 permettant d'augmenter la hauteur de la zone de dépression finale par rapport à la hauteur H1 de la zone de dépression initiale sont constitués par le chapeau supérieur 8 de l'élément supérieur et le fond inférieur 3 de l'élément inférieur dont les génératrices 8 et 3 forment un angle y inférieur à 60° environ.The means 12 making it possible to increase the height of the final depression zone with respect to the height H1 of the initial depression zone are constituted by the upper cap 8 of the upper element and the lower bottom 3 of the lower element, generators 8 and 3 form an angle y less than about 60 °.

La hauteur H1 est la distance entre les bords externes circulaires 14 de l'élément inférieur et 16 de l'élément supérieur. Quant à la distance H2, c'est la distance entre les génératrices 12 respectivement du fond inférieur 3 et du chapeau supérieur 8, cette distance étant prise selon un axe parallèle à l'axe XX.The height H1 is the distance between the circular external edges 14 of the lower element and 16 of the upper element. As for the distance H2, this is the distance between the generators 12 respectively of the bottom bottom 3 and the top cap 8, this distance being taken along an axis parallel to the axis XX.

De préférence, le rapport ? est d'environ 3.Preferably, the report? is about 3.

Le dispositif statique selon l'invention permet donc de canaliser le vent en ramenant sa direction selon une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe XX longitudinal du conduit 1.The static device according to the invention therefore makes it possible to channel the wind by reducing its direction in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the duct 1.

Ainsi l'axe du conduit 1 n'a bas à être obligatoirement situé dans un plan vertical, donc peut ne pas être perpendiculaire au plan horizontal.Thus the axis of the conduit 1 does not necessarily have to be situated in a vertical plane, therefore may not be perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

On peut prévoir en outre des moyens 17 de régulation du débit nominal des fluides gazeux rejetés.Means 17 can also be provided for regulating the nominal flow rate of the gaseous fluids discharged.

Ces moyens sont constitués par un volet dont l'axe 18 de pivotement est décalé par rapport au centre de son plus grand diamètre. De préférence, le volet est pseudo-circulaire, non plan. Il permet d'obturer plus ou moins le conduit 1 en fonction de la vitesse du vent. On peut donc obtenir un débit nominal fixe des fluides gazeux rejetés, quelle que soit la vitesse du vent. Lorsque cette vitesse est faible, le volet n'obture que très faiblement le conduit 1. Lorsque la vitesse du vent augmente, le volet pivote autour de son axe de rotation qui, de préférence, est perpendiculaire à l'axe XX longitudinal du dispositif. Le conduit 1 est obturé de façon plus importante, toutes choses égales par ailleurs. Le volet pivote de façon proportionnelle à la vitesse du vent grâce à un tarage par un ressort dont la force de rappel est progressive ou grâce à un contrepoids qui est plus ou moins lourd en fonction de la vitesse du vent.These means are constituted by a flap whose pivot axis 18 is offset from the center of its largest diameter. Preferably, the flap is pseudo-circular, not planar. It allows to more or less close the duct 1 depending on the wind speed. It is therefore possible to obtain a fixed nominal flow rate of the gaseous fluids discharged, whatever the wind speed. When this speed is low, the flap only very slightly closes the duct 1. When the wind speed increases, the flap pivots about its axis of rotation which, preferably, is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX of the device. The duct 1 is closed more significantly, all other things being equal. The shutter pivots in proportion to the wind speed thanks to a calibration by a spring whose return force is progressive or thanks to a counterweight which is more or less heavy depending on the wind speed.

L'aspirateur statique suivant l'invention peut, le cas échéant être dépourvu du fond inférieur 3, et/ou du chapeau supérieur 8.The static vacuum cleaner according to the invention can, if necessary, be devoid of the lower bottom 3, and / or of the upper cap 8.

Claims (3)

1. A static vacuum cleaner consisting of: a lower (2) and upper element (6), of venturi type, which are circular, superposed, coaxial according to a XX longitudinal axis, rigidly attached one to the other, at a certain distance one from the other; the lower element (2) consists of a lower bottom (3) and a lower cover (4), a truncated- cone shaped, coaxially crossed bya pipe (1) which opens out into the space included between the two lower (2) and upper (6) elements, by a gaseous fluids outlet, forming a circular base (13); the upper element consisting of an upper bottom (7) and a cone-shaped upper cover (8) characterized in that the height h included between the lower cover circular base (13) and the upper bottom (7) facing the pipe (1), is about half the diameter d of the pipe (1), the angle formed between the upper bottom (7) generatrixes and the YY axis perpendicular to the XX longitudinal axis is included between 15° and 45°, more especially of the order of 26.5 and the diameter D of the upper element (6) is included between 2d and 3.1d, in particular between 2.2 d and 3.1d, especially, equal to 3d, which leads to the typical structure that the generatrixes of the lower element (2) lower cover (4) and the generatrixes of the upper element (6) higher bottom (7) have a commun point, so that, when combined in the first place, the circular base cylindrical area of revolution included between the lower element (2) and the upper element (6) in projection of the pipe (1) (Sh free section), is at least equal to the pipe outlet section (Sd); in the secondplace, the pipe outlet (1) is protected from the rain, falling under an angle 8 with the YY axis, of about 45°.
2. Static vacuum cleaner according to claim n° 1, characterized in that the ratio between the final low pressure area height H2 and the initial low pressure area height H1, H1 being the distance between the external circular edges (14, 16) of the lower element (2) and the upper element (6), and H2 being the distance between the generatrixes (12) of the lower bottom (3) and of the upper cover (8), facing the external edges (14 and 16), equal to about 3, the lower bottom (3) and upper cover (8) generatrixes respectively forming an angle of less than roughly 60°.
3. Static vacuum cleaner according to any of the claims n° 1 and 2, characterized in that it consists of adjustment means (17) of the rated discharged gaseous fluids flow constituted by a pseudo-circular (17) unplanar shutter, which can rotate around an axis (18), approximately perpendicular to the XX longitudinal axis, this axis (18) being out-ofline with respect to the shutter's largest diameter center.
EP82402313A 1981-12-18 1982-12-16 Cowl for gaseous fluid Expired EP0082775B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82402313T ATE41221T1 (en) 1981-12-18 1982-12-16 CHIMNEY PIPE FOR GASEOUS FLUID.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8123681A FR2518710B1 (en) 1981-12-18 1981-12-18 IMPROVED STATIC GAS FLUID VACUUM
FR8123681 1981-12-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0082775A2 EP0082775A2 (en) 1983-06-29
EP0082775A3 EP0082775A3 (en) 1984-07-18
EP0082775B1 true EP0082775B1 (en) 1989-03-08

Family

ID=9265166

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82402313A Expired EP0082775B1 (en) 1981-12-18 1982-12-16 Cowl for gaseous fluid

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0082775B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE41221T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3279509D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2518710B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2112512B (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2709533B1 (en) * 1993-09-03 1995-11-03 Amphoux Andre Device for discharging gaseous fluid.
FR2740862B1 (en) 1995-11-03 1998-01-23 Amphoux Andre DEVICE FOR SUCTION OF A GASEOUS FLUID THROUGH A CONDUIT TO REJECT IT OUTSIDE THE SAME
FR2749930B1 (en) 1996-06-18 1998-09-04 Amphoux Andre EXTRACTION MOUTH FOR VENTILATION OF A ROOM AND STATIC OR STATOMECHANICAL SYSTEM INCLUDING SUCH A MOUTH
FR2755505B1 (en) 1996-11-05 1999-01-15 Amphoux Andre AIR EXTRACTOR FOR VENTILATION
FR2763390B1 (en) 1997-05-13 1999-07-23 Andre Amphoux VENTILATION SYSTEM WITH ADDITIONAL AIR INJECTION FOR DRAFT ASSISTANCE
FR2763387B1 (en) 1997-05-13 1999-07-23 Andre Amphoux GAS INJECTION DEVICE FOR DRAFT ASSISTANCE IN A GAS FLUID TRANSPORT SYSTEM

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR387721A (en) * 1908-03-02 1908-07-21 Societe Veuve E. Charpentier Et Cie Suction bolster
FR1403955A (en) * 1964-06-08 1965-06-25 Static-dynamic vacuum cleaner for gaseous fluids
US3311302A (en) * 1965-03-01 1967-03-28 Danzer Metal Works Co Two-way damper with adjustable sensitivity
FR2034434A6 (en) * 1969-03-31 1970-12-11 Vonlanthen Jean
FR2474651B1 (en) * 1980-01-25 1986-04-04 Amphoux Andre RELEASE INSTALLATION IN THE AMBIENT ATMOSPHERE OF A HIGH SPEED PRESSURE GAS FLUID
FR2514469B1 (en) * 1981-10-13 1986-04-04 Amphoux Andre STATIC, DYNAMIC AND MECHANICAL GAS FLUID VACUUM DEVICE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0082775A2 (en) 1983-06-29
GB2112512B (en) 1986-04-03
FR2518710B1 (en) 1988-09-23
EP0082775A3 (en) 1984-07-18
GB2112512A (en) 1983-07-20
ATE41221T1 (en) 1989-03-15
DE3279509D1 (en) 1989-04-13
FR2518710A1 (en) 1983-06-24

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