EP0082753A1 - Aerial observation and communication method for submerged submarines, and device therefor - Google Patents

Aerial observation and communication method for submerged submarines, and device therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0082753A1
EP0082753A1 EP82402255A EP82402255A EP0082753A1 EP 0082753 A1 EP0082753 A1 EP 0082753A1 EP 82402255 A EP82402255 A EP 82402255A EP 82402255 A EP82402255 A EP 82402255A EP 0082753 A1 EP0082753 A1 EP 0082753A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
machine
submarine
observation
cable
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP82402255A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0082753B1 (en
Inventor
Georges R.P.L. Lauvray
Michel Jean Paul Darche
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ECA SOCIETE DITE Ste
ECA SA
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ECA SOCIETE DITE Ste
ECA SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/38—Arrangement of visual or electronic watch equipment, e.g. of periscopes, of radar
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B2203/00—Communication means

Definitions

  • a submarine sails at low immersion it can, for observing the sea surface or communicating with a distant point, raise hoist masts carrying periscopes or antennas; it thus acquires the possibility of making observations or exchanging communications in the various ranges of electromagnetic radiation which propagate in airspace.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to provide a submarine with a means of aerial observation, while it is sailing, for safety, at an immersion greater than a few tens of meters.
  • One solution could be to tow a float to or near the surface of the sea; this float should be able to support a periscopic mast 5 to 10 m high to escape the masking of waves and carry far enough; the mast should be stabilized vertically against the effect of the swell; the float would thus have very large dimensions, incompatible with boarding on a submarine.
  • the invention proposes another solution, new and unexpected.
  • the object of the invention is thus an aerial observation and / or communication method for a submarine while diving using a floating body equipped with observation and / or communication means and connected to the under -marine by a cable / restraint, this cable also ensuring the transmission of observation and / or communication signals between the floating body and the submarine.
  • this method consists in releasing the floating body, initially retained twisted from the submarine and constituted by a device endowed with a buoyancy and a low drag, so as to make it rise rapidly to the surface that it crosses by gushing out of the water, activating its means of observation and / or communication at least in the aerial phase of its trajectory, then bringing it back on board the submarine by recalling the cable link.
  • the invention takes advantage of the emersion phase of a floating body released at a certain depth, which is due to the kinetic energy which it acquires during its ascent.
  • the duration of this emersion although short (a few seconds), nevertheless makes it possible to carry out the desired observation or communication, in particular if we give the machine a structure capable of printing it, during its movement upward, a rotational movement around a vertical axis which it keeps once out of the water, and if we arrange its means of observation and / or communication so that they aim in a direction perpendicular to this axis.
  • This spontaneous rotation of the machine on itself elegantly provides a panoramic scanning movement of the horizon with the aforementioned means, without it being necessary to provide any mechanical angular scanning device on board the vehicle.
  • the invention also relates to a device for implementing the method defined above.
  • This device comprises a streamlined, feathered and gifted with a high buoyancy, containing observation means such as a television camera or a radar and / or communication antenna such as a radio antenna, and a cable for and electrlgue mechanical link / attachment to the machine and winding on the drum of a motorized winch placed on board the submarine.
  • the tail of the machine is shaped so as to impart thereto, when it rises to the surface of the water, a rotational movement on itself around its axis , then oriented vertically, the means of observation and / or communication of the machine aiming in a direction perpendicular to this axis so as to scan the horizon due to this rotational movement.
  • a reference gyroscope providing, via the cable to the submarine, the target field of its observation and / or communication means at least during the aerial phase of its path. The bearing angle can thus be known precisely, whatever the roll movements made by the machine during its ascent.
  • this may include sighting means (possibly constituted by its observation means) being, when the machine is in the starting position on board the submarine, facing a graduation of deposit surrounding the craft and linked to the submarine.
  • sighting means possibly constituted by its observation means
  • the machine is advantageously on board the submarine in a machine-launcher tube full of water, which has a door sealed at its mouth and at the bottom of which is the winch actuating the cable.
  • This door allows to limit the internal pressure of the tube in deep diving.
  • Said tube is preferably oriented obliquely, for example at 45 °, and has an inclination towards the rear of the submarine which, taking into account the forward speed of the latter, facilitates the exit of the machine and its return into the tube. Correct reinsertion of the machine into the tube can also be ensured by providing a pulley for guiding the connecting cable arranged so as to force the latter to run through the tube substantially along the axis thereof.
  • this pulley is carried by a floating plug which, placed under the empennage of the machine in the starting position in the tube, rises with the machine when it is released and is stopped by means of abutment at the mouth of the tube, after having moved in the latter in a pure translational movement thanks to guide means constituted for example by rails arranged longitudinally on the internal wall of the tube.
  • the machine can be equipped with a detector emitting a signal when it leaves the water. This signal can be used to control the rewinding of the connecting cable by the winch so as to bring the machine back on board the submarine.
  • the machine can moreover offer a hollow structure, which makes it possible to fill it with a gas under pressure in order to reinforce its resistance with respect to the pressure of water.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically represents a device according to the invention, showing the machine having left the submarine to accomplish an aerial observation mission.
  • FIG. 2 represents in longitudinal section, on a larger scale, the missile launching tube of the device of FIG. 1.
  • a part of the hull 1 of a submarine surmounted by a sheet of superstructure 2 (gangway bridge). Between the shell 1 and the sheet metal 2 is disposed a machine-launching tube 3 with an oblique orientation at 45 ' towards the rear of the submarine, which advances in the direction indicated by the arrow 4.
  • the mouth of the tube 3 in the sheet metal 2 is provided with a pivoting watertight door 5.
  • the tube 3 serves as a housing for a vehicle 6 on board the submarine.
  • This machine has the external shape of a tapered body so as to have a reduced hydrodynamic drag and has a stabilizing stabilizer 7.
  • a cable 8 which is wound on the drum 9 of a motorized winch placed in immersion at the bottom of the tube 3..
  • This cable provides the mechanical connection between the machine 6 and the submarine, as well as the transmission of electrical signals via a rotating connector 10 and an electrical cable 11 penetrating inside the sub- sailor passing through watertight crossings 12,13 disposed respectively in the bottom 14 of the tube 3 and in the hull 1 of the submarine.
  • the cable 8 is electrically connected to a television camera 15 mounted on board the vehicle 6 and oriented so as to aim - through a transparent window 16 - in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 17 of the craft.
  • the fins of the empennage 7 of the craft 6 have folds 18 giving the craft, when it progresses in the water, a rotational movement around its axis 17.
  • the cable 8 passes, in the tube 3, over a pulley 19 which substantially maintains it on the axis 20 of the tube.
  • This pulley which rotates freely, is carried by a floating plug 21 which can move in translation in the tube 3 by sliding along guide rails 22 arranged on the internal wall of the tube 3 parallel to its axis 20.
  • the plug 21 has a peripheral flange 23 having grooves which cooperate with the rails 22, so that the axis of rotation of the pulley 19 remains perpendicular to the vertical plane containing the axis 20 of the tube 3.
  • the stroke of the plug 21 in the tube 3 is limited at the bottom by a circular rib 24 projecting from the internal wall of the tube just above the drum 9 of the winch and, at the top, by another similar circular rib 25, located at the mouth of the tube 3; these ribs cooperate with the bead 23 of the plug 21 to stop the latter is either near the bottom 14 of the tube 3 when the machine is in the tube, or (in 21 ') near the mouth of the latter when the machine is out of the tube.
  • the movements of the plug 21 within the water which fills the tube 3 are facilitated by at least one hole 26 drilled from one face to the other of the plug to allow the flow of water.
  • the machine 6 can move in the tube 3 without the piston effect at the annular gap formed between its outer surface and the inner wall of the tube 3 due to the presence of the rails 22, the water being able to flow through this interval.
  • the machine picks up speed while its empennage 7, slightly twisted due to the folds 18, prints a rotational movement around its axis 17, which gradually straightens up to the vertical, at low speed due to the position of its center of gravity far below its center of hull and at high speed by the effect of its tail unit 7. Then the craft reaches the surface 27 of the sea, crosses it and springs out at high speed, thanks to the kinetic energy acquired, by spinning on itself according to the arrow 28. The camera 15 then explores the whole horizon (several times, because the craft normally makes several turns out of the water) during the few seconds that the aerial phase of the trajectory of the craft lasts, the corresponding views being transmitted to the submarine via cables 8 and 11.
  • the machine 6 is provided with a reference gyroscope 30 the indications of which, transmitted to the submarine via cables 8 and 11, make it possible to know the deposit corresponding to each view taken by the camera 15.
  • a graduation 31 of initial location is marked circumferentially on the internal wall of the tube 3. This graduation, lit by a lamp through the window 16 and located in the field of vision of the camera when the machine is in the starting position at l 'interior of said tube, allows to know the bearing of the line of sight of the camera at the time of launching the machine.
  • the indications of the gyroscope 30 can be transmitted in a purely electrical manner.
  • a wind rose can be associated with the gyroscope, the image of which, thanks to an adequate optical system, is formed by the camera 15 and transmitted in video form to the submarine, together with the views of the aerial environment.
  • the crew of the submarine has a complete vision of the surface of the sea, preferably recorded on video recorder, with indication of the deposit associated with each view. He can decide to surface safely, possibly by changing the route of the submarine.
  • the television camera 15 can be installed not horizontally, but vertically in the machine 6, by providing a mirror or a prism to bring back to the horizontal his field of vision when the craft emerges from the water.
  • this camera can be a camera with a low level of light, operating at night, or an infrared camera, operating in foggy weather. It can also be replaced by an antenna / radar playing the same observation role, or by a UHF antenna allowing the submarine to transmit or receive a radio signal for a few seconds.
  • the apparatus 6 should be given a very light structure so that it can reach a high speed at the end of its ascent phase. It is preferably completely hollow and constituted by a tight and resistant skin made of reinforced plastic materials such as a glass-resin composite. Its compressive strength can be increased by inflating to one or two bars with dry air or nitrogen, which also protects its equipment against corrosion and also makes it possible to constantly check its tightness by adding a sensor to it. pressure.
  • the missile launching tube 3 which takes place in the superstructures of the submarine, also contributes to the resistance of the device 6 to the pressure of the water due to the submersion of the submarine. It is constantly full of water, but is kept closed by the watertight door 5 when the submarine is at an immersion greater than the safety immersion, i.e. a few tens of meters, so that the pressure prevailing in the tube 5 and acting on the craft 6 does not exceed a few bars when the submarine is in deep diving.
  • the instant when the craft 6 emerges can be detected for example by a humidity detector or a pressure sensor carried by the craft, the signal of which is transmitted to the submarine by the cable 8. A few seconds after this instant, the winch changes direction of rotation and winds the cable 8.
  • the cable 8 has an armor, preferably in aromatic polyamide "Kevlar", flexible enough in torsion for the machine to during its rise could twist the cable a few turns.
  • the winch motor is preferably electric rather than hydraulic so as to avoid a hull crossing in addition to the crossing 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif d'observation et/ou de communication aérienne pour sous-marin en plongée. Un engin (6), équipé d'une caméra de télévision (15) ou d'une antenne radio ou radar et relié au sous-marin par un câble (8), est initialement logé dans un tube (3) à bord du sous-marin. Cet engin remonte à grande vitesse jusqu'à la surface (27) de l'eau, grâce à sa grande flottabilité et à sa faible traînée hydrodynamique, quand il est libéré et que le câble (8) est déroulé par un treuil, puis jaillit verticalement hors de l'eau grâce à l'énergie cinétique acquise, pendant une durée suffisante pour permettre une observation ou une communication transmise à bord du sous-marin par le câble (8), et est enfin ramené dans le tube (3) par réenroulement du câble (8) sur le treuil. L'empennage (7) de l'engin est de préférence vrillé pour communiquer à celui-ci un mouvement de rotation suivant la flèche (28), de sorte que la camera (15) balaye tout l'horizon.The invention relates to an aerial observation and / or communication method and device for submerged submarines. A machine (6), equipped with a television camera (15) or a radio or radar antenna and connected to the submarine by a cable (8), is initially housed in a tube (3) on board the sub -marine. This machine rises at high speed to the surface (27) of the water, thanks to its high buoyancy and its low hydrodynamic drag, when it is released and the cable (8) is unwound by a winch, then springs vertically out of the water thanks to the kinetic energy acquired, for a sufficient time to allow an observation or a communication transmitted on board the submarine by the cable (8), and is finally brought back into the tube (3) by rewinding the cable (8) on the winch. The tail (7) of the machine is preferably twisted to communicate to it a rotational movement along the arrow (28), so that the camera (15) scans the entire horizon.

Description

Procédé et dispositif d'observation et/ou de communication aériennes pour sous-marin en plongée.Method and device for aerial observation and / or communication for a submarine while diving.

Lorsqu'un sous-marin navigue à faible immersion, il peut, pour observer la surface de la mer ou communiquer avec un point éloigné, faire émerger des mâts hissables portant des périscopes ou des antennes ; il acquiert ainsi la possibilité de faire des observations ou d'échanger des communications dans les diverses gammes des radiations électro-magnétiques qui se propagent dans l'espace aérien.When a submarine sails at low immersion, it can, for observing the sea surface or communicating with a distant point, raise hoist masts carrying periscopes or antennas; it thus acquires the possibility of making observations or exchanging communications in the various ranges of electromagnetic radiation which propagate in airspace.

Il n'en est plus de'même lorsque le sous-marin est en immersion profonde, car ces radiations se propagent extrêmement mal à travers l'eau de mer. Il peut alors seulement recevoir des émissions radio à très basse fréquence en remorquant une antenne qui flotte près de la surface de l'eau.It is no longer the same when the submarine is in deep immersion, because these radiations propagate extremely badly through sea water. It can then only receive radio emissions at very low frequency by towing an antenna. floating near the surface of the water.

Dans le milieu sous-marin, les observations et communications se font uniquement, dès que la distance dépasse quelques mètres, par rayonnement acoustique. Toutefois, dans la tranche d'eau située près de la surface, la température varie assez rapidement avec la profondeur, les rayons sonores sont fortement courbés dans un plan vertical et cette cause, parmi d'autres, rend la transmission acoustique près de la surface très aléatoire.In the underwater environment, observations and communications are made only, as soon as the distance exceeds a few meters, by acoustic radiation. However, in the slice of water located near the surface, the temperature varies fairly rapidly with the depth, the sound rays are strongly curved in a vertical plane and this cause, among others, makes the acoustic transmission near the surface. very random.

Dans ces conditions, il se présente une situation critique pour un sous-marin qui, naviguant à une immersion supérieure à quelques dizaines de mètres pour éviter tout risque de collision avec des coques de navires à fort tirant d'eau tels que des pétroliers, veut remonter à la surface . Au cours de la phase ultime de montée précédant l'émersion, alors que de sa détection acoustique n'est plus efficace et qu'il ne peut pas encore mettre en oeuvre ses mâts hissables qui permettraient une observation aérienne, il a des difficultés pour détecter un obstacle imprévisible suffisamment tôt, compte tenu de sa vitesse d'avancement et éventuellement de celle de l'obstacle.Under these conditions, a critical situation arises for a submarine which, sailing at an immersion greater than a few tens of meters to avoid any risk of collision with the hulls of ships with a deep draft such as oil tankers, to go back up to the surface . During the final climb phase preceding the emersion, when its acoustic detection is no longer effective and it cannot yet use its hoist masts which would allow aerial observation, it has difficulties in detecting an unforeseeable obstacle sufficiently early, taking into account its forward speed and possibly that of the obstacle.

Le but de l'invention est notamment de fournir à un sous-marin un moyen d'observation aérienne, alors qu'il navigue, par sécurité, à une immersion supérieure à quelques dizaines de mètres.The object of the invention is in particular to provide a submarine with a means of aerial observation, while it is sailing, for safety, at an immersion greater than a few tens of meters.

Une solution pourrait consister à remorquer un flotteur à la surface ou près de la surface de la mer; ce flotteur devrait pouvoir supporter un mât périscopique de 5 à 10 m de hauteur pour échapper au masquagedesvagues et porter suffisamment loin; le mât devrait être stabilisé verticalement contre l'effet de la houle; le flotteur aurait ainsi des dimensions très importantes, incompatibles avec l'embarquement sur un sous-marin.One solution could be to tow a float to or near the surface of the sea; this float should be able to support a periscopic mast 5 to 10 m high to escape the masking of waves and carry far enough; the mast should be stabilized vertically against the effect of the swell; the float would thus have very large dimensions, incompatible with boarding on a submarine.

L'invention propose une autre solution, nouvelle et inattendue.The invention proposes another solution, new and unexpected.

Elle est fondée sur le fait que pour observer toute la surface de la mer, par exemple avec une caméra de télévision balayant tout l'horizon, il suffit de deux ou trois secondes.It is based on the fact that to observe the entire surface of the sea, for example with a television camera scanning the entire horizon, it only takes two or three seconds.

L'objet de l'invention est ainsi un procédé d'observation et/ou de communication aérienne pour sous-marin en plongée à l'aide d'un corps flottant équipé de moyens d'observation et/ou de communication et relié au sous-marin de par un câble/retenue, ce câble assurant en outre la transmission des signaux d'observation et/ou de communication entre le corps flottant et le sous-marin. Selon l'invention, ce procédé consiste à lâcher le corps flottant, initialement retenu à tord du sous-marin et constitué par un engin doué d'une forτe flottabilité et d'une faible traînée, de manière à le faire remonter rapidement vers la surface qu'il traverse en jaillissant hors de l'eau, à mettre en activité ses moyens d'observation et/ou de communication au moins dans la phase aérienne de sa trajectoire, puis à le ramener à bord du sous-marin par rappel du câble de liaison.The object of the invention is thus an aerial observation and / or communication method for a submarine while diving using a floating body equipped with observation and / or communication means and connected to the under -marine by a cable / restraint, this cable also ensuring the transmission of observation and / or communication signals between the floating body and the submarine. According to the invention, this method consists in releasing the floating body, initially retained twisted from the submarine and constituted by a device endowed with a buoyancy and a low drag, so as to make it rise rapidly to the surface that it crosses by gushing out of the water, activating its means of observation and / or communication at least in the aerial phase of its trajectory, then bringing it back on board the submarine by recalling the cable link.

L'invention met à profit la phase d'émersion d'un corps flottant lâché à une certaine profondeur, qui est due à l'énergie cinétique qu'il acquiert lors de sa remontée. La durée de cette émersion, bien que courte (quelques secondes), permet néanmoins d'effectuer l'observation ou la communication désirée, en particulier si l'on donne à l'engin une structure apte à lui imprimer, au cours de son déplacement ascensionnel, un mouvement de rotation autour d'un axe vertical qu'il conserve une fois hors de l'eau, et si l'on agence ses moyens d'observation et/ou de communication pour qu'ils visent dans une direction perpendiculaire à cet axe. Cette rotation spontanée de l'engin sur lui-même procure de manière élégante un mouvement de balayage panoramique de l'horizon aux moyens précités, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de prévoir aucun dispositif mécanique de balayage angulaire à bord de l'engin.The invention takes advantage of the emersion phase of a floating body released at a certain depth, which is due to the kinetic energy which it acquires during its ascent. The duration of this emersion, although short (a few seconds), nevertheless makes it possible to carry out the desired observation or communication, in particular if we give the machine a structure capable of printing it, during its movement upward, a rotational movement around a vertical axis which it keeps once out of the water, and if we arrange its means of observation and / or communication so that they aim in a direction perpendicular to this axis. This spontaneous rotation of the machine on itself elegantly provides a panoramic scanning movement of the horizon with the aforementioned means, without it being necessary to provide any mechanical angular scanning device on board the vehicle.

L'invention a également pour objet un dispositif permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé défini ci-dessus. Ce dispositif comprend un engin fuselé, empenné et doué d'une forte flottabilité, contenant des moyens d'observation tels qu'une caméra de télévision ou une antenne radar et/ou de communication tels qu'une antenne radio, et un câble de et electrlgue liaison mécanique/attache a l'engin et s'enroulant sur le tambour d'un treuil motorisé placé à bord du sous-marin.The invention also relates to a device for implementing the method defined above. This device comprises a streamlined, feathered and gifted with a high buoyancy, containing observation means such as a television camera or a radar and / or communication antenna such as a radio antenna, and a cable for and electrlgue mechanical link / attachment to the machine and winding on the drum of a motorized winch placed on board the submarine.

Dans une forme d'exécution préférée, l'empennage de l'engin est conformé de manière à imprimer à celui-ci, lors de sa montée vers la surface de l'eau, un mouvement de rotation sur lui-même autour de son axe, orienté alors verticalement, les moyens d'observation et/ou de communication de l'engin visant dans une direction perpendiculaire à cet axe de manière à balayer l'horizon du fait de ce mouvement de rotation. Il convient par ailleurs de doter l'engin d'un gyroscope de référence fournissant, via le câble de liaison au sous-marin, le gisement de visée de ses moyens d'observation et/ou de communication au moins durant la phase aérienne de sa trajectoire. L'angle de gisement peut ainsi être connu de manière précise, quels que soient les mouvements de roulis effectués par l'engin lors de sa montée. Afin de permettre un repérage de l'orientation initiale de l'engin autour de son axe, celui-ci peut comporter des moyens de visée (éventuellement constitués par ses moyens d'observation) se trouvant, lorsque l'engin est en position de départ à bord du sous-marin, face à une graduation de gisement entourant l'engin et liée au sous-marin.In a preferred embodiment, the tail of the machine is shaped so as to impart thereto, when it rises to the surface of the water, a rotational movement on itself around its axis , then oriented vertically, the means of observation and / or communication of the machine aiming in a direction perpendicular to this axis so as to scan the horizon due to this rotational movement. It should also be equipped with a reference gyroscope providing, via the cable to the submarine, the target field of its observation and / or communication means at least during the aerial phase of its path. The bearing angle can thus be known precisely, whatever the roll movements made by the machine during its ascent. In order to allow the initial orientation of the machine to be identified around its axis, this may include sighting means (possibly constituted by its observation means) being, when the machine is in the starting position on board the submarine, facing a graduation of deposit surrounding the craft and linked to the submarine.

L'engin est avantageusement embarqué à bord du sous-marin dans un tube lance-engin plein d'eau, qui est doté d'une porte étanche à son embouchure et au fond duquel est placé le treuil actionnant le câble de laison. Cette porte permet de limiter la pression interne du tube en plongée profonde. Ledit tube est orienté de préférence obliquement, par exemple à 45°, et présente une inclinaison vers l'arrière du sous-marin qui, compte tenu de la vitesse d'avancement de celui-ci, facilite la sortie de l'engin et son retour dans le tube. Une réinsertion correcte de l'engin dans le tube peut par ailleurs être assurée en prévoyant une poulie de guidage du câble de liaison disposée de manière à astreindre ce dernier à parcourir le tube sensiblement suivant l'axe de celui-ci. Dans une forme d'exécution avantageuse, cette poulie est portée par un bouchon flottant qui, placé sous l'empennage de l'engin en position de départ dans le tube, remonte avec l'engin lors de la libération de celui-ci et est arrêté par des moyens de butée à l'embouchure du tube, après s'être déplacé dans celui-ci en un pur mouvement de translation grâce à des moyens de guidage constitués par exemple par des rails disposésslon- gitudinalement sur la paroi interne du tube.The machine is advantageously on board the submarine in a machine-launcher tube full of water, which has a door sealed at its mouth and at the bottom of which is the winch actuating the cable. This door allows to limit the internal pressure of the tube in deep diving. Said tube is preferably oriented obliquely, for example at 45 °, and has an inclination towards the rear of the submarine which, taking into account the forward speed of the latter, facilitates the exit of the machine and its return into the tube. Correct reinsertion of the machine into the tube can also be ensured by providing a pulley for guiding the connecting cable arranged so as to force the latter to run through the tube substantially along the axis thereof. In an advantageous embodiment, this pulley is carried by a floating plug which, placed under the empennage of the machine in the starting position in the tube, rises with the machine when it is released and is stopped by means of abutment at the mouth of the tube, after having moved in the latter in a pure translational movement thanks to guide means constituted for example by rails arranged longitudinally on the internal wall of the tube.

L'engin peut être doté d'un détecteur émettant un signal au moment où celui-ci sort de l'eau. Ce signal est utilisable pour commander le réenroulement du câble de liaison par le treuil de manière à ramener l'engin à bord du sous-marin.The machine can be equipped with a detector emitting a signal when it leaves the water. This signal can be used to control the rewinding of the connecting cable by the winch so as to bring the machine back on board the submarine.

L'engin peut par ailleurs offrir une structure creuse, ce qui permet de le remplir d'un gaz sous pression en vue de renforcer sa résistance vis-à-vis de la pression de l'eau.The machine can moreover offer a hollow structure, which makes it possible to fill it with a gas under pressure in order to reinforce its resistance with respect to the pressure of water.

La description qui va suivre,en regard des dessins annexés à titre d'exemple non limitatif, permettra de bien comprendre comment la présente invention peut être mise en pratique.The description which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of nonlimiting example, will make it possible to understand clearly how the present invention can be put into practice.

La figure 1 représente schématiquement un dispositif selon la l'invention, montrant l'engin ayant quitté le sous-marin pour accomplir une mission d'observation aérienne.FIG. 1 diagrammatically represents a device according to the invention, showing the machine having left the submarine to accomplish an aerial observation mission.

La figure 2 représente en coupe longitudinale, à plus grande échelle, le tube lance-engin du dispositif de la figure 1.FIG. 2 represents in longitudinal section, on a larger scale, the missile launching tube of the device of FIG. 1.

On voit sur les figures une partie de la coque 1 d'un sous-marin, surmontée d'une tôle de superstructure 2 (pont passerelle). Entre la coque 1 et la tôle 2 est disposé un tube lance-engin 3 avec une orientation oblique à 45' vers l'arrière du sous-marin, lequel avance dans le sens indiqué par la flèche 4. L'embouchure du tube 3 dans la tôle 2 est munie d'une porte étanche 5 pivotante.We see in the figures a part of the hull 1 of a submarine, surmounted by a sheet of superstructure 2 (gangway bridge). Between the shell 1 and the sheet metal 2 is disposed a machine-launching tube 3 with an oblique orientation at 45 ' towards the rear of the submarine, which advances in the direction indicated by the arrow 4. The mouth of the tube 3 in the sheet metal 2 is provided with a pivoting watertight door 5.

Le tube 3 sert de logement à un engin 6 embarqué à bord du sous-marin. Cet engin présente extérieurement la forme d'un corps fuselé de manière à avoir une traînée hydrodynamique réduite et comporte un empennage stabilisateur 7. A sa partie arrière est attaché un câble 8 qui s'enroule sur le tambour 9 d'un treuil motorisé placé en immersion au fond du tube 3..Ce câble assure la liaison mécanique entre l'engin 6 et le sous-marin, ainsi que la transmission de signaux électriques via un connecteur tournant 10 et un câble électrique 11 pénétrant à l'intérieur du sous-marin en passant par des traversées étanches 12,13 disposées respectivement dans le fond 14 du tube 3 et dans la coque 1 du sous-marin. Du côté de l'engin, le câble 8 est raccordé électriquement à une caméra de télévision 15 montée à bord de l'engin 6 et orientée de manière à viser - à travers un hublot transparent 16 - dans une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal 17 de l'engin.The tube 3 serves as a housing for a vehicle 6 on board the submarine. This machine has the external shape of a tapered body so as to have a reduced hydrodynamic drag and has a stabilizing stabilizer 7. At its rear part is attached a cable 8 which is wound on the drum 9 of a motorized winch placed in immersion at the bottom of the tube 3..This cable provides the mechanical connection between the machine 6 and the submarine, as well as the transmission of electrical signals via a rotating connector 10 and an electrical cable 11 penetrating inside the sub- sailor passing through watertight crossings 12,13 disposed respectively in the bottom 14 of the tube 3 and in the hull 1 of the submarine. On the side of the vehicle, the cable 8 is electrically connected to a television camera 15 mounted on board the vehicle 6 and oriented so as to aim - through a transparent window 16 - in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 17 of the craft.

Les ailerons de l'empennage 7 de l'engin 6 présentent des plis 18 conférant à l'engin, lorsqu'il progresse dans l'eau, un mouvement de rotation autour de son axe 17.The fins of the empennage 7 of the craft 6 have folds 18 giving the craft, when it progresses in the water, a rotational movement around its axis 17.

Le câble 8 passe, dans le tube 3, sur une poulie 19 qui le maintient sensiblement sur l'axe 20 du tube. Cette poulie, qui tourne librement, est portée par un bouchon flottant 21 qui peut se déplacer en translation dans le tube 3 en glissant le long de rails de guidage 22 disposés sur la paroi interne du tube 3 parallèlement à son axe 20. A cet effet, le bouchon 21 possède un bourrelet périphérique 23 comportant des rainures qui coopèrent avec les rails 22, de sorte que l'axe de rotation de la poulie 19 reste perpendiculaire au plan vertical contenant l'axe 20 du tube 3. La course du bouchon 21 dans le tube 3 est limitée en bas par une nervure circulaire 24 faisant saillie sur la paroi interne du tube juste au-dessus du tambour 9 du treuil et, en haut, par une autre nervure circulaire 25 analogue, située à l'embouchure du tube 3; ces nervures coopèrent avec le bourrelet 23 du bouchon 21 pour arrêter ce dernier soit près du fond 14 du tube 3 lorsque l'engin se trouve dans le tube, soit (en 21') près de l'embouchure de celui-ci lorsque l'engin est sorti du tube. Les déplacements du bouchon 21 au sein de l'eau qui remplit le tube 3 sont facilités par au moins un trou 26 percé d'une face à l'autre du bouchon pour permettre l'écoulement de l'eau. De même, l'engin 6 peut se déplacer dans le tube 3 sans effet de piston a l'intervalle annulaire ménagé entre sa surface extérieure et la paroi interne du tube 3 du fait de la présence des rails 22, l'eau pouvant s'écouler par cet intervalle.The cable 8 passes, in the tube 3, over a pulley 19 which substantially maintains it on the axis 20 of the tube. This pulley, which rotates freely, is carried by a floating plug 21 which can move in translation in the tube 3 by sliding along guide rails 22 arranged on the internal wall of the tube 3 parallel to its axis 20. For this purpose , the plug 21 has a peripheral flange 23 having grooves which cooperate with the rails 22, so that the axis of rotation of the pulley 19 remains perpendicular to the vertical plane containing the axis 20 of the tube 3. The stroke of the plug 21 in the tube 3 is limited at the bottom by a circular rib 24 projecting from the internal wall of the tube just above the drum 9 of the winch and, at the top, by another similar circular rib 25, located at the mouth of the tube 3; these ribs cooperate with the bead 23 of the plug 21 to stop the latter is either near the bottom 14 of the tube 3 when the machine is in the tube, or (in 21 ') near the mouth of the latter when the machine is out of the tube. The movements of the plug 21 within the water which fills the tube 3 are facilitated by at least one hole 26 drilled from one face to the other of the plug to allow the flow of water. Similarly, the machine 6 can move in the tube 3 without the piston effect at the annular gap formed between its outer surface and the inner wall of the tube 3 due to the presence of the rails 22, the water being able to flow through this interval.

Lorsqu'on désire, à bord du sous-marin en plongée, observer la surface de la mer ou entrer en communication avec un point éloigné, on ouvre (figure 1) la porte 5 du tube lance-engin 3. L'engin 6, doté d'une forte flottabilité, sort du tube 3. Le bouchon flottant 21 monte et le suit sous son empennage 7 jusqu'à être arrêté en 21' par la nervure 25 à l'embouchure du tube. Le câble 8 se déroule à mesure que l'engin 6 monte vers la surface 27 de la mer; pour qu'il n'entrave pas ce mouvement ascensionnel, le tambour 9 du treuil est mis alors en action pour filer le câble 8. L'engin prend de la vitesse tandis que son empennage 7, légèrement vrillé du fait des plis 18, lui imprime un mouvement de rotation autour de son axe 17, lequel se redresse progressivement jusqu'à la verticale, à faible vitesse en raison de la position de son centre de gravité très en dessous de son centre de carène et à grande vitesse par l'effet de son empennage 7. Puis l'engin atteint la surface 27 de la mer, la traverse et en jaillit à grande vitesse, grâce à l'énergie cinétique acquise, en tournoyant sur lui-même suivant la flèche 28. La caméra 15 explore alors tout l'horizon (plusieurs fois, car l'engin fait normalement plusieurs tours hors de l'eau) pendant les quelques secondes que dure la phase aérienne de la trajectoire de l'engin, les vues correspondantes étant transmises au .sous-marin via les câbles 8 et 11. Lorsque l'engin commence à retomber, le sens de fonctionnement du treuil est inversé et il réenroule le câble 8, lequel ramène l'engin jusqu'à le faire rentrer dans le tube 3. Grâce à la poulie de guidage du câble qui, en 19', oblige ce dernier à pénétrer dans le tube centré sur l'axe 20 de celui-ci, l'engin se présente correctement pour pénétrer par l'arrière dans le tube (dont l'embouchure est au surplus légèrement évasée en 29), puis pour y recouvrer sa position de repos après avoir repoussé le bouchon porte-poulie de la position 21' à la position 21. La porte 5 peut alors être refermée jusqu'à la mission suivante de l'engin.When you wish, on board the submarine while diving, to observe the sea surface or to enter into communication with a distant point, we open (Figure 1) door 5 of the machine launcher tube 3. The machine 6, endowed with a strong buoyancy, leaves the tube 3. The floating plug 21 rises and follows it under its empennage 7 until being stopped in 21 'by the rib 25 at the mouth of the tube. The cable 8 unwinds as the machine 6 rises to the surface 27 of the sea; so that it does not hamper this upward movement, the drum 9 of the winch is then put into action to spin the cable 8. The machine picks up speed while its empennage 7, slightly twisted due to the folds 18, prints a rotational movement around its axis 17, which gradually straightens up to the vertical, at low speed due to the position of its center of gravity far below its center of hull and at high speed by the effect of its tail unit 7. Then the craft reaches the surface 27 of the sea, crosses it and springs out at high speed, thanks to the kinetic energy acquired, by spinning on itself according to the arrow 28. The camera 15 then explores the whole horizon (several times, because the craft normally makes several turns out of the water) during the few seconds that the aerial phase of the trajectory of the craft lasts, the corresponding views being transmitted to the submarine via cables 8 and 11. When the machine begins to fall, the direction of operation of the winch is reversed and it rewinds the cable 8, which returns the machine until it enters the tube 3. Thanks to the pulley of guiding the cable which, in 19 ', forces the latter to enter the tube centered on the axis 20 thereof, the machine is correctly presented to penetrate from the rear into the tube (the mouth of which is at surplus slightly flared at 29), then to recover its rest position there after having pushed the pulley holder plug from position 21 'to position 21. The door 5 can then be closed until the next mission of the machine .

L'engin 6 est pourvu d'un gyroscope de référence 30 dont les indications, trasmises au sous-marin via les câbles 8 et 11, permettent de connaître le gisement correspondant à chaque vue prise par la caméra 15. A cet effet, une graduation 31 de repérage initial est marquée circonférentiel- lement sur la paroi interne du tube 3. Cette graduation, éclairée par une lampe à travers le hublot 16 et située dans le champ de vision de la caméra lorsque l'engin est en position de départ à l'intérieur dudit tube, permet de connaître le gisement de l'axe de visée de la caméra à l'instant du lancement de l'engin. Les indications du gyroscope 30 peuvent être transmises d'une manière purement électrique. En variante, on peut associer au gyroscope une rose des vents dont l'image, grâce à un système optique adéquat, est formée par la caméra 15 et transmise sous forme vidéo au sous-marin, conjointement avec les vues du milieu aérien. Le gyroscope 30, même s'il est de médiocre qualité et présente une dérive importante, donne avec précision à tout instant le gisement de l'axe de visée de la caméra 15, en raison du temps très court que durent les phases de remontée de l'engin et d'observation aérienne.The machine 6 is provided with a reference gyroscope 30 the indications of which, transmitted to the submarine via cables 8 and 11, make it possible to know the deposit corresponding to each view taken by the camera 15. For this purpose, a graduation 31 of initial location is marked circumferentially on the internal wall of the tube 3. This graduation, lit by a lamp through the window 16 and located in the field of vision of the camera when the machine is in the starting position at l 'interior of said tube, allows to know the bearing of the line of sight of the camera at the time of launching the machine. The indications of the gyroscope 30 can be transmitted in a purely electrical manner. As a variant, a wind rose can be associated with the gyroscope, the image of which, thanks to an adequate optical system, is formed by the camera 15 and transmitted in video form to the submarine, together with the views of the aerial environment. The gyroscope 30, even if it is of poor quality and has a significant drift, gives precision at all times the bearing of the line of sight of the camera 15, due to the very short time that the phases of ascent the craft and aerial observation.

Ainsi, à chaque mission de l'engin, celui-ci effectuant plus d'un tour sur lui-même pendant sa phase d'émersion, l'équipage du sous-marin a une vision complète de la surface de la mer, de préférence enregistrée sur magnétoscope, avec indication du gisement associé à chaque vue. Il peut décider de faire surface en toute sécurité, éventuellement en modifiant la route du sous-marin.Thus, with each mission of the craft, this one making more than one turn on itself during its phase of emergence, the crew of the submarine has a complete vision of the surface of the sea, preferably recorded on video recorder, with indication of the deposit associated with each view. He can decide to surface safely, possibly by changing the route of the submarine.

La caméra de télévision 15 peut être installée non pas horizontalement, mais verticalement dans l'engin 6, en prévoyant un miroir ou un prisme pour ramener à l'horizontale son champ de vision lorsque l'engin émerge de l'eau. D'autre part, cette caméra peut être une caméra à bas niveau de lumière, fonctionnant la nuit, ou une caméra infrarouge, fonctionnant par temps de brouillard. Elle peut encore être radar remplacée par une antenne/jouant le même rôle d'observation, ou par une antenne UHF permettant au sous-marin d'émettre ou de recevoir un signal radio pendant quelques secondes.The television camera 15 can be installed not horizontally, but vertically in the machine 6, by providing a mirror or a prism to bring back to the horizontal his field of vision when the craft emerges from the water. On the other hand, this camera can be a camera with a low level of light, operating at night, or an infrared camera, operating in foggy weather. It can also be replaced by an antenna / radar playing the same observation role, or by a UHF antenna allowing the submarine to transmit or receive a radio signal for a few seconds.

Il convient de donner à l'engin 6 une structure très légère de manière qu'il puisse atteindre une grande vitesse à la fin de sa phase de montée en immersion. Il est de préférence complètement creux et constitué par une peau étanche et résistante en matériaux plastique armé tel qu'un composite verre-résine. Sa résistance à la compression peut être accrue par un gonflage à un ou deux bars à l'air sec ou al'azote, ce qui protège en outre ses équipements contre la corrosion et permet également de contrôler en permanence son étanchéité en lui adjoignant un capteur de pression.The apparatus 6 should be given a very light structure so that it can reach a high speed at the end of its ascent phase. It is preferably completely hollow and constituted by a tight and resistant skin made of reinforced plastic materials such as a glass-resin composite. Its compressive strength can be increased by inflating to one or two bars with dry air or nitrogen, which also protects its equipment against corrosion and also makes it possible to constantly check its tightness by adding a sensor to it. pressure.

Le tube lance-engin 3, qui prend place dans les superstructures du sous-marin, participe également à la résistance de l'engin 6 à la pression de l'eau due à l'immersion du sous-marin. Il est constamment plein d'eau, mais est maintenu fermé par la porte étanche 5 quand le sous-marin est à une immersion supérieure à l'immersion de sécurité, soit quelques dizaines de mètres, de telle sorte que la pression régnant dans le tube 5 et s'exerçant sur l'engin 6 ne dépasse pas quelques bars quand le sous-marin est en plongée profonde.The missile launching tube 3, which takes place in the superstructures of the submarine, also contributes to the resistance of the device 6 to the pressure of the water due to the submersion of the submarine. It is constantly full of water, but is kept closed by the watertight door 5 when the submarine is at an immersion greater than the safety immersion, i.e. a few tens of meters, so that the pressure prevailing in the tube 5 and acting on the craft 6 does not exceed a few bars when the submarine is in deep diving.

L'instant où l'engin 6 émerge peut être détecté par exemple par un détecteur d'humidité ou un capteur de pression porté par l'engin dont le signal est transmis au sous-marin par le câble 8. Quelques secondes après cet instant, le treuil change de sens de rotation et enroule le câble 8. Pour être en mesure de ramener l'engin 6, le câble 8 comporte une armure, de préférence en polyamide aromatique "Kevlar", assez souple en torsion pour que l'engin au cours de sa montée puisse vriller le câble de quelques tours. Le moteur du treuil est de préférence électrique plutôt qu'hydraulique de manière à éviter une traversée de coque en supplément de la traversée 13.The instant when the craft 6 emerges can be detected for example by a humidity detector or a pressure sensor carried by the craft, the signal of which is transmitted to the submarine by the cable 8. A few seconds after this instant, the winch changes direction of rotation and winds the cable 8. To be able to bring the machine 6, the cable 8 has an armor, preferably in aromatic polyamide "Kevlar", flexible enough in torsion for the machine to during its rise could twist the cable a few turns. The winch motor is preferably electric rather than hydraulic so as to avoid a hull crossing in addition to the crossing 13.

Claims (12)

1. Procédé d'observation et/ou de communication aériennes pous sous-marin en plongée à l'aide d'un corps flottant équipé de moyens d'observation et/ou de communication et relié au sous-marin par un câble de retenue, ce câble assurant en outre la transmission des signaux d'observation et/ou de communication entre le corps flottant et le sous-marin, caractérisé par le fait qu'il consiste à lâcher le corps flottant, initialement retenu à bord du sous-marin et constitué par un engin une forte flottabilité et d'une faible traînée, de manière à le faire remonter rapidement vers la surface qu'il traverse en jaillissant hors de l'eau, à mettre en activité ses moyens d'observation et/ou de communication au moins dans la phase aérienne de sa trajectoire, puis à le ramener à bord du sous-marin par rappel du câble de liaison.1. Aerial observation and / or communication method for submarines while diving using a floating body equipped with observation and / or communication means and connected to the submarine by a retaining cable, this cable further ensuring the transmission of the observation and / or communication signals between the floating body and the submarine, characterized in that it consists in releasing the floating body, initially retained on board the submarine and constituted by a machine with a high buoyancy and a low drag, so as to make it go up quickly towards the surface which it crosses by spouting out of the water, to activate its means of observation and / or communication at least in the aerial phase of its trajectory, then to bring it back on board the submarine by recalling the connecting cable. 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'on donne à l'engin une structure apte à lui imprimer, au cours de son déplacement ascensionnel, un mouvement de rotation autour d'un axe vertical qu'il conserve une fois hors de l'eau, et qu'on agence ses moyens d'observation et/ou de communication pour qu'ils visent dans une direction perpendiculaire à cet axe.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the machine is given a structure capable of imparting to it, during its upward movement, a rotational movement around a vertical axis that it retains a once out of the water, and arrange its observation and / or communication means so that they aim in a direction perpendicular to this axis. 3. Dispositif permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend un engin (6) fuselé, empenné et doué d'une forte flottabilité, contenant des moyens d'observation tels qu'une caméra de télévision (15) ou une antenne radar et/ou de communication tels qu'une antenne radio, et un câble (8) de liaison mécanique et électrique attaché à l'engin (6) s'enroulant sur le tambour (9) d'un treuil motorisé placé à bord du sous-marin.3. Device for implementing the method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a streamlined machine (6), feathered and endowed with high buoyancy, containing observation means such as a television camera (15) or a radar and / or communication antenna such as a radio antenna, and a cable (8) of mechanical and electrical connection attached to the machine (6) winding on the drum (9 ) a motorized winch placed on board the submarine. 4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que l'empennage (7) de l'engin (6) est conformé de manière à imprimer à celui-ci, lors de sa montée vers la surface (27) de l'eau, un mouvement de rotation sur lui-même autour de son axe (17), orienté alors verticalement, les moyens d'observation et/ou de communication de l'engin visant dans une direction perpendiculaire à cet axe.4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the tail (7) of the machine (6) is shaped so as to print thereon, when it rises to the surface (27) of the water, a rotational movement on itself about its axis (17), then oriented vertically, the means of observation and / or communication of the machine aiming in a direction perpendicular to this axis. 5. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé par le fait que l'engin comporte un gyroscope de référence (30) fournissant, via le câble (8) de liaison au sous-marin, le gisement de visée de ses moyens d'observation et/ou de communication au moins durant la phase aérienne de sa trajectoire.5. Device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the machine comprises a reference gyroscope (30) providing, via the cable (8) connecting to the submarine, the target field of its means of observation and / or communication at least during the aerial phase of its trajectory. 6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que l'engin (6) comporte des moyens de visée se trouvant, lorsque celui-ci est en position de départ à bord du sous-marin, face à une graduation de gisement (31) entourant l'engin et liée au sous-marin.6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the machine (6) comprises sighting means being, when the latter is in the starting position on board the submarine, facing a graduation of the deposit ( 31) surrounding the craft and linked to the submarine. 7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que l'engin (6) est embarqué à bord du sous-marin dans un tube lance-engin (3) plein d'eau, qui est doté d'une porte (5) étanche à son embouchure et au fond duquel est placé le treuil actionnant le câble de liaison (8).7. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the machine (6) is loaded on board the submarine in a machine launcher tube (3) full of water, which is provided a door (5) sealed at its mouth and at the bottom of which is the winch actuating the connecting cable (8). 8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que le tube (3) est orienté obliquement.8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the tube (3) is oriented obliquely. 9. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé par le fait que le câble de liaison (8) est guidé par une poulie (19) qui l'astreint à parcourir le tube (3) sensiblement suivant l'axe (20) de celui-ci.9. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the connecting cable (8) is guided by a pulley (19) which compels it to run through the tube (3) substantially along the axis (20) of this one. 10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé par le fait que la poulie (19) est portée par un bouchon flottant (21) qui, placé sous l'empennage (7) de l'engin (6) en position de départ dans le tube (3), remonte avec l'engin (6) lors de la libération de celui-ci et est arrêté par des moyens de butée (25) à l'embouchure du tube (3), après s'être déplacé dans celui-ci en un pur mouvement de translation grâce à des moyens de guidage (22).10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the pulley (19) is carried by a floating plug (21) which, placed under the tail (7) of the machine (6) in the starting position in the tube (3), rises with the machine (6) when it is released and is stopped by abutment means (25) at the mouth of the tube (3), after having moved therein ci in a pure translational movement thanks to guide means (22). 11. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que l'engin (6) est doté d'un détecteur signalant le moment où celui-ci sort de l'eau.11. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the machine (6) is provided with a detector signaling the moment when it leaves the water. 12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des renvendi- cations 3 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que l'engin (6) est creux et est rempli de gaz sous pression.12. Device according to any one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that the machine (6) is hollow and is filled with gas under pressure.
EP82402255A 1981-12-22 1982-12-09 Aerial observation and communication method for submerged submarines, and device therefor Expired EP0082753B1 (en)

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FR8123958A FR2518491A1 (en) 1981-12-22 1981-12-22 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AERIAL WATCHING AND / OR COMMUNICATION FOR DIVING SUBMARINE
FR8123958 1981-12-22

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EP0082753A1 true EP0082753A1 (en) 1983-06-29
EP0082753B1 EP0082753B1 (en) 1985-03-20

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2518491B1 (en) 1984-03-02
US4533945A (en) 1985-08-06
EP0082753B1 (en) 1985-03-20
FR2518491A1 (en) 1983-06-24
DE3262720D1 (en) 1985-04-25

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