RU2403171C1 - Sail surface-underwater ship by kuchenko va - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ship building. Sail surface-underwater ship includes fore ship and aft ship connected with central ship by flexible couplings. The fore ship is equipped with deploying sail system located on beams of the first and the second body of the fore ship, air-balloon, anchor systems, rocking stabilisation system, keel system. The aft ship is provided with anchor system, cable systems on which generators are fixed which are actuated by wind force. The central ship is provided with circumferential fastening where front and rear coupling trolleys can move. Central ship body is made with possibility to be submerged relative to circumferential fastening having buoyancy. Central, fore and aft ships are made with possibility to be folded.

EFFECT: more efficient sail ship.

7 cl, 18 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding, namely to sailing ships. Famous ships with Latin, hafel, Bermuda, oblique sails, direct sails. Known yachts, schooners, barges, clippers, submarines with sails in the water. It is known to use as sails special surfaces and wings, as well as rotating systems.

Sailing equipment is known (AS No. 1216081, AS No. 1274954, RF patent No. 2281878C2), containing elastic tight shells filled with gas lighter than air, and a sail suspended from them having a rope for connecting to a towed craft. The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of its use, since during large wind loads it cannot be removed.

Known sailing ship (RF patent No. 2276644), where the sail of the sailing vessel contains installed in the lower part of the perpendicular to the centerboard wing, which is equipped with one or more rudders. The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency, since there is no control system for sailing weapons.

A sailing vessel is known (RF patent No. 2331547), where the sails are equipped with solar panels connected to electric motors of propellers and winches by means of an electric circuit. The disadvantage of this device is the high pitching, low controllability, small sailing weapons, low wind energy efficiency.

There is a known method of sea transportation of river vessels (RF application No. 2002101662), when river vessels are fixed to an increased seaworthiness vessel such as a catamaran, on the stands of which electric generators with propellers are fixed. The disadvantages of this device are its low seaworthiness, poor controllability and low efficiency of using wind energy.

A ship with sailing weapons is known (RF patent No. 2043263 - prototype). The vessel is equipped with a floating platform on which sailing weapons are located, while the floating platform is connected to the hull of the vessel by means of a coupling device. The floating platform can be made up of separate modules.

A disadvantage of the known sailing ships is the following.

1. Sailing equipment is always limited by the size of the ship, its mast equipment.

2. Sailing equipment in stormy weather, due to the difficulty of cleaning it, poses a threat to the safety of the ship and leads to its capsizing.

3. The lack of wind or its desired direction makes it difficult to move or makes it impossible.

4. The lack of tightness of the vessel during a storm leads to flooding and flooding.

5. The lack of anti-rocking devices leads to increased pitching.

6. The presence of the keel makes it difficult to pass through shallow depths and the ship can hook on the bottom.

7. The low draft of the ship gives a high drag and does not allow to develop high speed.

8. The known device is cumbersome and cannot take a compact form, which leads to low efficiency of its functioning, especially in stormy weather and in ports.

9. The device does not have a sailing weapon control system.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of a sailing ship is achieved by the fact that a sailing surface-underwater ship containing a hull, engine, screw, rudder, keel, superstructure, control system is additionally equipped with a front ship, a back ship, connected by elastic couplings to the central ship; the front ship is equipped with unfolding cable systems or unfolding masts, an unfolding sailing system located on the movable and fixed bridges of the first and second hulls of the front ship, equipped with a ball lighter than air, filled, for example, with helium, with the ability to pump gas and download, deploy and fold, equipped anchor systems, anti-pumping systems, keel system; the back ship is equipped with an anchor system, cable systems (or mast deployment systems), on which wind generators are attached, which are connected to batteries, which, in turn, are connected to the control system; the central ship is equipped with circular fasteners with the possibility of moving the front and rear coupling carts controlled by the control system along it, the central ship hull is made with the possibility of lowering under water relative to the circular fastening having buoyancy to support itself on cable systems (or elastic rods). The keel system is made of hydraulic swinging cylinders or several cylinders with a plate on which there are fixed wing flaps that are controlled by the control system, the hydraulic cylinders are mounted both inside and outside the ship. The hull is equipped with hydrofoils, for example v-shaped, located on a hydraulic cylinder or several hydraulic cylinders. The counter-pumping system is made in the form of cables located at a distance from each other and attached to heavier water surfaces with moving wings, providing hydraulic resistance for a given movement. The central, front and rear ships are made with the possibility of folding. Ships are equipped with a cable attachment system with electrically conductive surfaces located on a fixed water surface on piles, on a buoy, on an anchored balloon and connecting selected points of the water area, electrical voltage is connected to the cables. The control system contains a central processor, an image processor and a system for receiving information and external influences, the digital processor being connected to a keyboard and a video monitor, while the system for receiving information and external influences contains space navigation subsystems, an echo sounder, locators, anchor control, cable mast systems management, wind generators, measurements of wind speed, water speed, immersion depth, battery management, life support, radio communications, descent and ascent out of the water, counter-pumping system, signal lights, defense, fire alarm and extinguishing system, assembly and disassembly, ship engine control, sailing equipment control, communication unit with other digital processors, magnetic and gyrocompasses, orientation to celestial bodies, rescue system and signals rescue, keel control, wind direction measurement, video surveillance, infrared surveillance, security system, port control.

The invention is illustrated in figures 1-5.

Figure 1, a and b depicts a surface-underwater ship, consisting of a central ship (CC) 1, front ship (PC) 2, rear ship (SC) 3. CC 1 contains a steering wheel 4, screw 5, keel 6, hull 7, the anchor system 8, the superstructure 9, the circular mount 10 on the holders 11, the front winch 12, the rear winch 13 (or extendable rods), the front trailer trolley 15, the rear trailer trolley 16. PC 2 contains a platform consisting of two sealed enclosures ( right and left) 17, 18, a moving jumper 19 with a cable (lift-lower) system 20, a fixed jumper a yoke 21 with a cable system 22, a sailing system 23, a balloon storage and lifting system (SHPVSh) 24, an anchor system 25, a counter-pumping system (SPK) 26, the ball is lighter than air (filled, for example, with helium) 27, has a signal beacon 28 and along the perimeter - video cameras 29. A ball 27 with a cable 30 is attached to the node A 31, to which a cable 21.1 is attached, a cable system 20, a cable 32 (which can be a swinging mast), a cable system 22 and sail 33, a sailing system 23. PC 2 has propulsion system (e.g. diesel fuel or electrical system) with propulsion (wines volume) 34. The Central Committee 1 with the PC 2 is connected by an elastic hitch 35. The ZK 3 and the Central Committee 1 are also interconnected by an elastic hitch 36. The ZK 3 contains two sealed enclosures (left and right) 37, 38 connected by a movable jumper 39 on which are attached front cable system 40 and storage locations for air fans 41. Air fans 42 are mounted on cable 43 of cable system 40, on which their stops 44 are attached. Balloon 45 is lighter than air (filled, for example, with helium) and has a beacon at high points , and along the perimeter of the ball a video camera 47. The ball 45 is attached to the node B, on the cable 43 is fastened by the otor. The cable 49, the cable system 50, which is attached to the fixed jumper 51, on which there are also places for storing air fans 52. In the left and right cases 37, 38 ЗК 3 there is a rechargeable battery 53, also an anchor system 54. ZK 3 is equipped with an engine and propulsors providing independent travel in the absence of wind. ZK 3 is also equipped with SPK 55. Balloon 27 can be represented by a set of smaller balloons 56 attached by a cable 30 to node A 31 (Fig. 1, d). Also, the ball 45 can be represented by a set of balls 57 (Fig. 1, c), fastened by holders 58 and a cable 43 to the node B 48.

Figure 2, a shows a sailing surface-underwater ship (PNPK) in assembled form. Here, the same notation as described above.

Figure 2, b shows a variant of the front trailer truck 15 or the rear trailer truck 16. It consists of a frame 59, to which the stop wheels 60 and power wheels 61 are attached, which are connected to the drive 62, which is cable (or along the conductive surfaces of the circular fasteners 10) is powered from the PNGZH electrical system 1. Brakes 63, actuated by the PNGK 1 remote control, and clutch devices (holes in the simplest case 64) are attached to the frame. Trailer trolleys 15 (16) have the ability to move around a circular mount 10.

Figure 2, in the depicted version of the port, which can go to the parking lot PNPK 1. Here the coastline 65, on the coastline is a berth 65.1, in front of which is 66, the guide rails 67 have a cable extension 65.2. In the upper part, not touching water, there are live parts 65.3. The cable extension 65.2 is located above the surface of the water on piles 65.4, or buoys 65.5, or on other mounts, for example, moored balloons 65.6. The water surface 66, guiding mounts with conductive surfaces 67, navigation signal beacons 68, production facilities and electric generators 69, parking lots 70, are also included in the port equipment (Fig. 2, c).

Figure 3a shows a view of a variant of the elastic coupling 35. Here, the cable 71, the elastic cavity 72, for example, full rubber, capacity or inflated, or pumped with liquid through the nozzle 72.1 and pipe 73.

Figure 3, b and c shows the action diagram of the device of the counter-pumping (SEC) 26 (55). Here, the left cable 74, cable 75. Streamlined surfaces are fixed on them, heavier than water 76, which are equipped with spring-loaded surfaces in the form of wings 77 (or have controlled drives). At position 78 they are raised up (closed), and at position 79 they are lowered (open).

Figure 3, g shows a variant of the body with v-shaped lifting (hydrofoil) wings. Here, the hydrofoils, left and right (80, 81), are attached by hydraulic cylinders 80.1 to the housing 82. The outer part of the retractable keel rod 83, a - the front part, b - the rear part, the inner part of the retractable keel 84 (a, b), keel 85, 85.1 - cargo, which is mounted on one, two or more pull-out rods (cylinders) 83 (Fig.3, d). Left and right keel are the wing flaps 86, which are controlled by a special drive, by folding or unfolding (Fig.3, e).

In Fig. 4, a case 86.1 is shown with a retractable mast 86.2 and retractable rails 86.3 of the first level, which also contains a group of retractable rails 86.4, similar to the rails of the second level (end 86.5, intermediate 86.6, etc.), the rails of the upper level 86.7, the sliding part of a mast 86.8. The sails 86.9 are attached to the yoke, which are attached in such a way that when extending the yoke 86.3, 86.4, etc. they occupy a working position.

Figure 4, b shows a variant of the mechanism for bringing the sails (A, B) into position. The mechanisms of movement of the ropes 86.10 attached to the ropes 86.11 and located on the mast 86.12. The sail consists of the right side 86.13 and the left 86.14. Sails are attached to the rings 86.15, attached to the ropes 86.11.

Figure 4, c shows a folding and rotating mast 86.16, in which extendable parts 86.17, 86.18 are inserted. The mast is driven into rotation by the rotation mechanism 86.19 and is locked by the locking mechanism 86.20.

Figure 4, g shows a variant of the remote control of the sails. Here are the sail segments 86.21, the mast lift drive 86.22, the rotation sections of the sail sections 86.23, the general rotation drive of the entire sail 86.24, the linear motion drive of the sail 86.25, the retractable masts 86.26, the fastenings of the sail structure 86.27.

Figure 5 shows a variant of the control system of a sailing surface-underwater ship, where SU 87, which includes an image processor (VK-O) 88, a digital processor (VK-C) 89 with a keyboard 89.1 and a display 89.2, as well as an information reception system and the implementation of external influences (SPIIIVV) 90, which contains the GLONAZ or GPS 91 orientation system, echo sounder 92, locator 93, anchor 94, control of cable systems and (or) masts 95, wind generator control subsystem 96, wind speed determination subsystem 97, control subsystem water speed 98, subsystem h amer immersion depth 99, the battery management subsystem 100; subsystem 101 of life support, which includes television, radio, microwave, refrigerator, heat supply, cooling, air purification, water purification, desalination, etc. radio communication system 102; control system for launching and lifting from under the water 103; management of SEC 104; lighthouse, alarm, side lights, searchlights, etc. 105; defense system 106; fire alarm and extinguishing system 107; an assembly and deployment system 108, a ship engine and propulsion control system 109, a sail control system 110, a system providing communication with other digital processors 111, a magnetic compass system 112, a gyrocompass system 113, a celestial body orientation system 114, a rescue signal system and rescue 115, keel control system 116, wind direction determination system 117, video surveillance system 118, infrared surveillance system 119, security system 120, onboard communication system Hovhan 121 and others.

The device operates as follows. At the operator’s command, typed on the keyboard 89.1 of the digital processor 89, through SU 87 a command is generated by the corresponding SPIIVV-90 unit, which transfers the ship 1 from the assembled state (FIG. 2) to the deployed state (FIG. 1). In this case, the ZK 3 is pulled back, the PK 2 is pulled forward, the hitch 35, 36 are springy, the balls are raised 27, 45, the sail 33 is deployed, the wind generators 42 are turned on, the beacons 28, 46 are turned on, the SPK 26, 55 are deployed, the anchor systems 8 , 25, 54, turning the front and rear trailed trolleys (with control and energy communications) in the direction of the circular mount 10. Wind is blowing. The sail, using wind pressure, carries out the movement of PK 2, TsK 1, ZK 3. Instead of the cable system 32 under heavy loads, a conventional lifting mast or a retractable (folding) lifting mast (Fig. 4 c) or a cable system and an elastic cavity of the cavity type are used 72. Instead of one such system, two can be used to lay them on the housing 17, 18 in a compact position. The elastic couplers 35, 36 define a certain distance between the CC 1, PC 2 and ZK 3. The wind rotates the blades of the wind generators 42 and, under the control of SU 87 (the corresponding SPIIIVV-90 unit) charges batteries 53, which, under the control of SU 87, supply energy to the engines of the ZK plants 3, PC 2, CC 1 (which can also use other types of fuel, for example diesel fuel). In addition, the balls 27, 45 themselves have sailing functions (or a set of balls 56, 57), in this case the ZK 3 pushes by means of the coupling 36 of the Central Committee 1. To carry out movement at an angle to the wind, the SU 87 moves the carts 15, 16, which move on circular mounts 10. Moreover, the trolleys, when driven by power wheels 61 using the drives 62, interact with the mounts 10. Fixation on the mounts 10 occurs by brakes 63 under the control of SU 87.

Also using keel 85, which is controlled by SU 87 and the corresponding SPIIIVV-90 block from the compact position, is extended by cylinders 83, 84 to the working position to a predetermined depth, the keel plate 85 is located at the ends of these retractable hydraulic cylinders. Thus, the forces created sails 33, water resistance, keel 85 and rudder 4. When the desired speed is reached under the control of SU 87, a hydraulic cylinder 80.1 of underwater v-shaped wings 80, 81 is advanced, creating a space between the wings and the bottom case 82. The lifting force arising from the movement lifts the case out of the water (CC 1, PK 2, ZK 3), reducing hydraulic resistance. On the keel plate 85 there are wing flaps 86, which, under the action of SU 87, open when the hull 82 moves and swing, creating an additional counterpoint to gusts of wind tilting CC 1, PC 2. ZK 3.

The counter-pumping system (SEC) works as follows. Under the action of SU 87 (determining the inclination of the housing 82, the release and pick-up of cables 74, 75 with surfaces 76 with wings 77 (stabilizers)) or under the influence of water when tilted to the left (Fig. 3, b), the wings 78 fold, the surfaces 76 go down, the cable 75 goes up, the surfaces 79 go up, the wings open, creating hydraulic resistance to pitching. When the body 82 moves, the streamlined shape of the surface 76 and wings 78, 79 creates minimal resistance to movement. Before the storm under the control of SU 87, balls 27, 45 are lowered, gas, for example helium, is pumped into cylinders, stored in storage 52, the sail 33 is removed, reeled up by system 24, and lifting cables 32 (masts) are laid. CK 1, PK 2, ZK 3 are collected, for example, gas is discharged (water is sucked out from tanks 72, through fitting 72.1, through pipelines 73), anchors 8, 25, 54 are lowered. Case 7 of CC 1 on cable systems 12, 13 (or on the rods) falls below the wave level, the SPK 26, 55 are turned on. In this underwater position, the PNPK can move with the help of an autonomous installation (with anchors raised) (nuclear installation, oil fuel, electric energy, storage batteries) under water at a given rate using the system navigation, video surveillance and locator and sonar data standard in a way.

When approaching the port at the required distance from it, PNPK approaches the signal beacon 68 (Fig. 2, c), connects to the cable 65.2 (manually or under the control of SU 87), receiving electricity from coastal systems 69, passes through the guide cable 65.2 to guide rails 67 and along them with the help of their engines or a pulling trolley (similar to trolleys 15, 16) located on the cable 65.2 or on the fastening 67, is pulled to the parking place 70. The procedure for withdrawal to the sea proceeds similarly.

Compared with the known devices, the proposed sailing surface-underwater ship has the following advantages:

1. The sailing surface area is not limited by the dimensions of the ship and its mast equipment. It is possible to use one or more front ships carrying one or a system of sails, having one or more expanding masts, one or more lifting balls.

2. Allows you to convert wind energy into electrical energy, accumulating it in rechargeable batteries and using it for its intended purpose in the required situation, for example, when there is no wind. Balloons or unfolding masts are also used here.

3. The use of trailed carts and keels allows you to go a given course in different directions of the wind.

4. Retractable keel on folding (plug-in) hydraulic cylinders allows you to push it to a predetermined depth, to remove at a shallow depth. The keel can be made to the required length.

5. The use of hydrofoils on retractable cylinders allows you to adjust the height of the vessel during movement, which reduces drag.

6. The use of the anti-tilt system of the vessel, the use of the anti-pumping system and the reduction of the tilt of the vessel, using fenders on the keel more effectively suppress the inclining wind gusts.

7. The use of resilient couplers allows pulling and pushing forces between ships.

8. Using the lowering system during a storm allows you to more safely ride out the storm under water, while flooding the upper parts of the ship to reduce clutter. You can also continue to move the set course on autonomous energy sources.

9. The use of folding ships allows them to provide a small place in the port.

10. Using a cable in the water allows you to start entering the port with or without wind and catch on the conductive surface, it is safer to enter the port (or exit) and take your parking place. This procedure can be fully automated through a control system.

11. Allows you to provide semi-automatic or automatic control of the ship using digital processors and image processor.

Claims (7)

1. Sailing surface-submarine ship, comprising a hull, engine, propeller, rudder, keel, superstructure, control system, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a front ship, a rear ship, connected by elastic couplings to the central ship; the front ship is equipped with unfolding cable systems or unfolding masts, a unfolding sailing system located on the movable and fixed bridges of the first and second hulls of the front ship, equipped with a lighter ball than air, filled with, for example, helium, with the ability to pump gas and download, turn around and fold, equipped anchor systems, anti-pumping systems, keel system; the back ship is equipped with an anchor system, cable systems or mast deployment systems, on which wind generators are mounted, which are connected to batteries connected to the control system; the central ship is equipped with circular fasteners with the possibility of moving the front and rear coupling carts controlled by the control system along it, the central ship hull is made with the possibility of lowering under water relative to the circular fastening having buoyancy to support itself on cable systems or elastic rods. 2. Sailing ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the keel system is made up of hydraulically swinging cylinders or several cylinders with a plate on which there are fixed wing guards having control from the control system, the hydraulic cylinders are mounted both inside and outside the ship. 3. Sailing ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the hull is equipped with hydrofoils, for example, v-shaped, located on a hydraulic cylinder or several hydraulic cylinders. 4. Sailing ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the counter-pumping system is made in the form of cables located at a distance from each other and attached to surfaces heavier than water with moving wings, providing hydraulic resistance for a given movement. 5. Sailing ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the central, front and rear ships are made with the possibility of folding. 6. Sailing ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the ships are equipped with a system for attaching a cable to electrically conductive surfaces that are mounted on a water surface on piles, on a buoy, on an anchored balloon and connecting selected points of the water area, electrical voltage is applied to the cables. 7. Sailing ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the control system comprises a central processor, an image processor, and a system for receiving information and external influences, the digital processor being connected to a keyboard and a video monitor, the system for receiving information and external influences includes space navigation subsystems, echo sounder, locators, anchor control, control of cable mast systems, wind generators, measurement of wind speed, water speed, depth of immersion, battery management, control life support, radio communications, descent and recovery from the water, counter-pumping system, signal lights, defense system, fire alarm and extinguishing system, ship assembly and deployment system, ship engine control system, sailing equipment control system, communication unit with other digital processors, magnetic and gyro compasses, orientation system for celestial bodies, rescue system and rescue signals, keel control, wind direction measuring system, video surveillance, infrared monitoring, security system port management.

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