EP0082306A1 - Local heating installation - Google Patents

Local heating installation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0082306A1
EP0082306A1 EP82110577A EP82110577A EP0082306A1 EP 0082306 A1 EP0082306 A1 EP 0082306A1 EP 82110577 A EP82110577 A EP 82110577A EP 82110577 A EP82110577 A EP 82110577A EP 0082306 A1 EP0082306 A1 EP 0082306A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reactor
heat
jacket
heating system
local heating
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EP82110577A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0082306B1 (en
Inventor
Lászlo Dr. Toth
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
    • F24H7/04—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid
    • F24H7/0475—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B7/00—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating 
    • F24B7/02—Stoves, ranges or flue-gas ducts, with additional provisions for convection heating  with external air ducts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a local heating system that can be heated with a heating material of any physical state and that can be operated equally with direct and indirect heat radiation.
  • the currently most widely used local heating systems that is to say heating systems operated directly in the room to be heated, can be classified primarily according to their mode of operation or the heating material.
  • the advantage of the heating systems belonging to the first group is that after the start of the furnace practical the heat radiation begins immediately.
  • Their disadvantage is that due to their relatively low heat tolerance, if the energy source is exhausted or switched off, the heat radiation ceases immediately or with a slight delay.
  • Another disadvantage is that, depending on the energy density, removing the radiating body, the feeling of warmth decreases proportionally with the distance.
  • the advantage of belonging to the second group i.e. which is the heating systems that store the heat energy in a heat-storing material, _that they give off the heat energy produced due to their great heat inertia regardless of the operation of the heat source with an even distribution over time.
  • the disadvantage of these systems is that the start of the heat radiation and the warming up of the air space to be heated takes too long after the heat source is started, precisely because of the large heat inertia.
  • the object to be achieved by the invention is the creation of such a local heating system, which combines the advantages of direct and indirect heat radiation, thereby eliminating their disadvantages, but at the same time making it possible to use any type of heating material or, if necessary, to switch quickly to others Types of heating material possible without loss of efficiency.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention with such a local heating system, in which the chimney draft is formed uniformly, without changing direction, essentially with a helical ascent between the outer heat-storing jacket and an inner heat-storing jacket of the heating system, between the reactor Air ducts are formed in the reactor jacket directly surrounding the metal reactor and the outer heat-storing jacket, which on the one hand open into the interior of the inner heat-storing jacket which opens directly into the air space to be heated and on the other hand above at least one formed at the level of the lower part of the combustion chamber, lockable connecting pieces are also connected to the air space to be heated.
  • the heating system according to the invention combines the advantages of the various possible modes of operation by realizing a delayed indirect heat radiation via the outer heat-storing jacket, while the air ducts opening into the inner space of the inner heat-storing jacket allow the immediate and immediate rise of the heat quantity forming in the reactor allow heating airspace.
  • the helical design of the chimney draft which is carried out without changing direction, partly gives the opportunity for maximum utilization of the "waste" thermal energy that otherwise moves into the chimney to warm up the furnace body, and partly contributes to it by means of the kinetic resulting from the temperature difference between the flue gases Energy an active "chimney effect", ie to secure a train for the flue gases to be thrown out.
  • this circumstance enables the heating system according to the invention to be operated with any type of heating material.
  • the outer and inner heat-storing coats are composed of hollow-walled ceramic module elements, the cavities of which are expediently filled with sand or other similar filling material.
  • the solution has the extremely big advantage. That it significantly simplifies production and makes it more productive, ensures quick and clear assembly, while making the system portable, and the individual elements can also be easily transported with human power. With the filling of the cavities of the module elements to different dimensions, the weight of the heating system and thus also its stability, heat load and heat inertia (heat capacity) can be within given limits can be set as desired.
  • the ceramic module elements forming the outer heat-storing jacket of the furnace body can be given any surface treatment (e.g. glaze) and can thus be fired together in one process.
  • the heating system according to the invention consists of two parts, namely the reactor part and the recuperator part formed above it.
  • the weight of the furnace body formed by these is taken up and distributed by a load-distributing foot part 1.
  • the core of the reactor part is formed by the reactor 3, which surrounds the combustion chamber 2 and is made of cast iron or steel plates and essentially resembles an iron furnace.
  • the reactor 3 is surrounded by a reactor jacket 4, which expediently consists of ring-shaped, ribbed, ceramic module elements.
  • the outer heat-storing jacket 6 lies down with its axial ribs 5 on the inner wall of the heating system from the outside, also consisting of ring-shaped, but non-ribbed ceramic module elements, the outer heat-storing jacket 6, its rib spaces 7 with this inner wall coming from the connection piece 3 located at the level of the lower part of the combustion chamber, closable with flaps, and in the inner space 10 of the inner heat-storing jacket 9 arranged in the recuperator part above the reactor 3 forms air ducts.
  • the height of the inner heat-storing jacket 9 corresponds to that of the outer heat-storing jacket 6, but it consists of smaller, ring-shaped ceramic module elements and its interior 10 opens directly into the space to be heated.
  • cavities 11 are formed both in the outer heat-storing jacket 6 and in the inner heat-storing jacket 9 in the walls of the module elements in the axial longitudinal direction, which cavities 11 can be filled with filler material, expediently with sand.
  • the height of the reactor part of the outer heat-storing jacket 6 corresponds to the height of four annular ceramic module elements placed one on top of the other.
  • the first two module elements take up the reactor 3, the ash chamber 12 and the ash box 13 located in the ash chamber (or in the case of oil firing the heating oil container or in the case of gas firing the gas regulator and the connection fittings), above which is the grate 14 and the embers trap door 15, which from the outside through a to the door approach.
  • the reactor mounted provided with a closing element 16 adjustable gap cross-section are covered, and finally the previously mentioned connecting piece 8, which are provided with closable flaps at the level of the grate 14 into the air space to be heated.
  • Top of the ash door 17 is provided with a on the boundary line of the third and fourth module element of the outer waerme arrivednden jacket 6 the center covered by a T ÜR 18, which is formed is used for feeding the solid Schumateriales into the reactor 3, in which suitably is a observation of the combustion chamber 2 enabling, fireproof, transparent glass insert is installed.
  • the fourth module element surrounds the uppermost part of the reactor 3, which is closed from above with a finned hood 19 which promotes heat exchange and from here also begins the approach 20 of the flue, which connects the combustion chamber 2 of the reactor 3 with the between the heat-storing coats 6 and 9 connects the smoke flue 21 formed in the recuperator part, which essentially ends in a smoke discharge attachment 22 and describes a helical path.
  • spacer rings 23 and 24 made of ceramic, which can be filled with sand and inserted into one another as pairs, the spacer ring 23 being separated from the spacer ring 24 which can be inserted into it. while the spacer ring 24 is closed by the cover ring 25.
  • This arrangement is clearly visible in comparison with FIG. 1, particularly in FIG. 3.
  • These spacer elements are provided with such openings 26, which ensure a continuous ascent of the flue 21 without changing direction or the passage of the flue gas to the floor of the following module elements.
  • the operation of the air transport device is absolutely necessary.
  • the installation of a train sensor in the smoke discharge attachment 22 is also expedient, which always controls the depression of the combustion chamber in accordance with the requirements of the given type of furnace and thus also contributes to the fact that the heating system according to the invention can be operated with any type of aggregate heating material.
  • the solid heating material is introduced into the reactor 3 onto the grate 14 via the circular door 18 provided with transparent, fire-proof glass insert, where the combustion air passing through the grate 14 ensures the combustion of the heating material filled into the combustion chamber 2 to a regulated extent.
  • the combustion air penetrates into the ash chamber 12 via the closure element 16, which is adjustable for this purpose and is attached to the ash door 17, from where it immediately places the ash box 13 on the Grate 14 arrives.
  • the flue gases forming in the combustion chamber 2 of the reactor 3 reach the recuperator part, more precisely into the flue 21 between the outer heat-storing jacket 6 and the inner heat-storing jacket 9, where the flue gases come from, via the extension 20 of the smoke flue specially formed on the roof of the reactor 3 pass through the formed from the individual module elements floors after a rotation of 300 0 with a designed as speziale deflection opening, long at about a 60 ° section opening 26 without change in direction to the next floor, and finally through the Rauchab technologicalansatz 22 in the chimney.
  • the flue gases give off their heat content to the outer and inner heat-storing mantles 6 and 9, which emit the absorbed heat to the air space to be heated with uniform, delayed heat radiation, as is characteristic, for example, of the function of the tiled stoves.
  • the air of the air space to be heated is introduced into the space between the outer heat-storing jacket 6 and the reactor jacket 4 immediately surrounding the reactor 3 via the connecting piece 8 installed in the lower part of the combustion chamber 2, and we leave this in the space formed by the rib spaces 7 of the reactor jacket 4 Air channels flow along, which open into the interior 10 of the inner heat-storing jacket 9 via the ribbed hood 19 functioning as a heat exchanger of the reactor 3.
  • the air flowing in through the connecting piece 8 takes up, in addition to the reactor jacket 4 surrounding the reactor 3, continuously absorbing the amount of heat emitted by the reactor 3, and on the other hand cools the reac directly touching the wall of the reactor 3 Door jacket 4.
  • the air warmed up in this way, passing the upper part of the reactor 3, flows through its own, by means of the kinetic energy resulting from the temperature difference, into the interior 10 and with so-called “chimney effect" it flows up to the heat-distributing screen , from where it moves with a change of direction into the air space to be heated.
  • the flaps of the connecting pieces 8 are closed by hand or with a thermostat control, so that from this point in time the heating system only works with indirect heat radiation.
  • the heating system according to the invention can be operated with any kind of heating material with a good degree of efficiency in the constructional arrangement explained, while the operating mode or the direct or indirect heat radiation can also be selected as desired, with a simultaneous recuperation of the heat energy of the flue gases.
  • the mode of operation can be changed without element replacement, simply by closing the connecting piece 8.
  • Another significant advantage is that the system can be assembled from modular elements so that it can be easily moved by hand, but its assembly does not require any specialist knowledge.
  • the cavities of the module elements of the outer and inner heat-storing jacket which can be filled with sand or other similar filling materials 6 and 9 also ensure the special advantage that, depending on the amount of sand filled in during installation, the system is given the option of weight and heat capacity Regulate current requirements and possibilities at any time (for example, for the load options of the ceiling).
  • the outer surface of the module elements of the outer heat-storing jacket 6 can be surface-treated according to the requirements, both with regard to wear resistance and the color scheme, and it is expediently provided with a pattern glaze of aesthetic coloring.
  • the outer contour of the outer heat-storing jacket 6 is expediently circular, but a different shape is also conceivable, for example an angular variant.
  • the size and number of the module elements can be changed and is determined by the expediency or the heat requirement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Seasonings (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Mirrors, Picture Frames, Photograph Stands, And Related Fastening Devices (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)

Abstract

A heating installation for local use is disclosed which is to be operated by aggregate fuel having both direct and indirect thermal emission, with a reactor receiving the combustion chamber, and a waste-heat flue above the reactor as well as an outer heat accumulator case, wherein a waste-heat flue is disposed in the space above the reactor and which flue is essentially developed by having a helical elevation between an outer heat accumulator case and an inner heat accumulator case, while air channels are formed opening into the inner space of the air space to be heated between the reactor case which is made of metal encircling directly the reactor case and the outer heat accumulator case which is connected with at least one, adherent part of the combustion chamber, while it is also connected with the air space to be heated, wherein both the outer and inner heat accumulator cases are of hollow walls, and are fitted together from ring-shaped ceramic modular elements, wherein the modular elements have section-shaped distance rings arranged fitted together in pairs and filled with sand and provided with interruptions for the continuous elevation of the waste-heat flue without change of direction.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine mit einem Heizmaterial beliebigen Aggregatzustandes heizbare, mit unmittelbarer und indirekter Waerneausstrahlung gleicherweise betreibbare, lokale Heizanlage.The invention relates to a local heating system that can be heated with a heating material of any physical state and that can be operated equally with direct and indirect heat radiation.

Wie bekannt ist, können die gegenwaertig am weitverbreitetesten angewandten lokalen, das heisst unmittelbar in den zu heizenden Raum betriebenen Heizanlagen vor allen Dingen nach ihrer Betriebsart oder nach dem Heizmaterial klassifiziert werden.As is known, the currently most widely used local heating systems, that is to say heating systems operated directly in the room to be heated, can be classified primarily according to their mode of operation or the heating material.

Aufgrund der Betriebsart können wir unterscheiden:

  • a/ Heizanlagen, welche die mit dem verbrannten Heizmaterial erzeugte Waermeenergie mit der Verbrennung fast linear unmittelbar ausstrahlen (Eisenöfen, Plattenfeuerstellen, Ölöfen, Heizsonnen use.).
  • b/ Heizanlagen, welcne die Waermeenergie des verbrannten Heizmateriales zum Teil in einem waermespeichernden Material speichern und die gespeicherte Waermeenergie mit zeitlicher Verzögerung auf indirekter Ar ausstrahlen (Kachelöfen, öl- oder wasseregfüllte Radiatoren, Waermekamine usw.).
We can differentiate based on the operating mode:
  • a / Heating systems, which radiate the heat energy generated with the burned heating material almost linearly with the combustion (iron stoves, plate fireplaces, oil stoves, heating suns use).
  • b / Heating systems, which partially save the heat energy of the burned heating material in a heat-storing material and emit the stored heat energy with a delay with an indirect function (tiled stoves, oil- or water-filled radiators, heat chimneys, etc.).

Der Vorteil der zur ersten Gruppe gehörenden Heizanlagen besteht darin, dass nach Beginn der Feuerung praktisch sofort auch die Waermeausstrahlung beginnt. Ihr Nachteil liegt dagegen darin, dass infolge ihrer recht kleinen Waermetraegheit im Falle der Erschöpfung oder Abstellung der Energiequelle die Waermeausstrahlung sofort oder mit kleiner Verzögerung aufhört. Ihr weiterer Nachteil besteht auch darin, dass abhaengig von der Energiedichte, von dem ausstrahlenden Körper entfernend, das Waermegefühl proportional mit der Entfernung sinkt.The advantage of the heating systems belonging to the first group is that after the start of the furnace practical the heat radiation begins immediately. Their disadvantage, on the other hand, is that due to their relatively low heat tolerance, if the energy source is exhausted or switched off, the heat radiation ceases immediately or with a slight delay. Another disadvantage is that, depending on the energy density, removing the radiating body, the feeling of warmth decreases proportionally with the distance.

Der Vorteil der zur zweiten Gruppe gehörenden, d.h. der die Waermeenergie in einem waermespeichernden Material speichernden Heizanlagen ist,_dass sie infolge ihrer grossen Waermetraegheit die produzierte Waermeenergie unabhaengig vom Betrieb der Waermequelle mit gleichmaessiger zeitlicher Verteilung abgeben. Der Nachteil dieser Anlagen besteht jedoch darin, dass gerade infolge der grosssn Waermetraegheit der Beginn der Waermeausstrahlung und die Aufwaermung des zu heizenden Luftraumes nach Ingangsetzung der Waermequelle zu lange dauert.The advantage of belonging to the second group, i.e. which is the heating systems that store the heat energy in a heat-storing material, _that they give off the heat energy produced due to their great heat inertia regardless of the operation of the heat source with an even distribution over time. The disadvantage of these systems, however, is that the start of the heat radiation and the warming up of the air space to be heated takes too long after the heat source is started, precisely because of the large heat inertia.

Entsprechend der Qualitaet des verwendeten Heizmateriales können die lokalen Heizanlagen in die folgenden Gruppen eingeteilt werden:

  • - Heizanlage für festes Heizmaterial (Kohle, Holz, gemischt)
  • - Heizanlage für flüssiges Heizmaterial (Gasöl usw.)
  • - Heizanlage für gasförmiges Heizmaterial (Stadtgas, Erdgas usw.)
  • - elektrische Heizanlage (unmittelbare Ausstrahlung,. Mikrowellenstrahlung usw.)
Depending on the quality of the heating material used, the local heating systems can be divided into the following groups:
  • - Heating system for solid heating material (coal, wood, mixed)
  • - Heating system for liquid heating material (gas oil, etc.)
  • - Heating system for gaseous heating material (city gas, natural gas, etc.)
  • - electric heating system (direct radiation, microwave radiation, etc.)

Für die Verfeuerung der verschiedenen Heizmaterialarten mit entsprechendem Wirkungsgrad bzw. für deren Nutzbarmachung für Heizzwecke sind unabhaengig von ihrer Betriebsart spezial ausgebildete Heizanlagen notwendig. Gerade deshalb ist der gemeinsame nachteilige Charakter der meisten Heizanlagen, dass die Modifizierung oder der Wechsel der Heizmaterialart nur für den Preis eines Wirkungsgradverlustes erreichbar ist, oder dazu überhaupt keine Möglichkeit besteht, (z.B. ein Eisenöfen ist nicht auf Ölheizung umstellbar,.die Ölbeheizungsanlagen können nicht auf gemischte Feuerung umgestellt werden - unabhaengig von ihrer konstruktiven Ausbildung).For the firing of the different types of heating material with appropriate efficiency or for their utilization for heating purposes are independent of their loading Mode of operation specially trained heating systems necessary. It is precisely for this reason that the common disadvantage of most heating systems is that the modification or change of the type of heating material can only be achieved at the cost of a loss in efficiency, or that there is no possibility at all (e.g. an iron stove cannot be converted to oil heating, the oil heating systems cannot be switched to mixed firing - regardless of their constructive training).

Die durch die Erfindung zu lösende Aufgabe ist die Schaffung einer solchen lokalen Heizanlage, welche die Vorteile der unmittelbaren und indirekten Waermeaustrahlung vereinigt, dadurch deren Nachteile beseitigt, gleichzeitig jedoch die Verwendung von beliebigen Heizmaterialarten möglich macht, bzw. wenn notwendig, die schnelle Umstellung auf andere Heizmaterialarten ohne Wirkungsgradverlust ermöglicht.The object to be achieved by the invention is the creation of such a local heating system, which combines the advantages of direct and indirect heat radiation, thereby eliminating their disadvantages, but at the same time making it possible to use any type of heating material or, if necessary, to switch quickly to others Types of heating material possible without loss of efficiency.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemaess mit einer solchen lokalen Heizanlage gelöst, bei welcher der Rauchzug über den den Brennraun aufnehmenden Reaktor gleichmaessig, ohne Richtungswechsel, im Wesentlichen mit einem schraubenlinienförmigen Aufstieg zwischen dem aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantel und einem inneren waermespeichernden Mantel der Heizanlage ausgebildet ist, waehrend zwischen dem den aus Metall bestehenden Reaktor unmittelbar umgebenden Reaktormantel und dem aousseren waermespeichernden Mantel Luftkanaele ausgebildet sind, die einerseits in den sich unmittelbar in den zu heizenden Luftraum öffnenden Innenraum des inneren waermespeichernden Mantels münden und andererseits ober wenigstens einen in Höhe des Unterteiles.des Brennraumes ausgebildeten, verschliessbaren Anschluscstutzen ebenfalls mit dem zu heizenden Luftraum verbunden sind.The object is achieved according to the invention with such a local heating system, in which the chimney draft is formed uniformly, without changing direction, essentially with a helical ascent between the outer heat-storing jacket and an inner heat-storing jacket of the heating system, between the reactor Air ducts are formed in the reactor jacket directly surrounding the metal reactor and the outer heat-storing jacket, which on the one hand open into the interior of the inner heat-storing jacket which opens directly into the air space to be heated and on the other hand above at least one formed at the level of the lower part of the combustion chamber, lockable connecting pieces are also connected to the air space to be heated.

Die erfindungsgemaesse Heizanlage vereinigt die Vorteile der verschiedenen möglichen Betriebsarten, indem über den aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantel eine verzögerte indirekte Waermeausstrahlung realisiert wird, waehrend die in den inneren Raum des inneren waermespeichernden Mantels mündenden Luftkanaele den unmittelbaren und sofortigen Aufstieg der im Reaktor sich bildenden Waermemenge in den zu heizenden Luftraum ermöglichen. Die ohne Richtungswechsel ausgeführte, schraubenlinienförmige Ausbildung des Rauchzuges gibt einesteils die Möglichkeit für die maximale Ausnutzung der sonst sich in den Schornstein entfernenden "Abfall"-Waermeenergie zur Aufwaermung des Ofenkörpers, anderenteils traegt sie dazu bei, mittels der sich aus dem Temperaturunterschied der Rauchgase ergebenden kinetischen Energie eine aktive "Schornsteinwirkung", d.h. einen Zug für das Herausschleudern der Rauchgase zu sichern. übrigens wird es neben einer geeigneten Reaktorraum-Ausbildung gerade durch diesen Umstand ermöglicht, dass die erfindungsgemaesse Heizanlage mit jeder Art von Heizmaterial betrieben werden kann.The heating system according to the invention combines the advantages of the various possible modes of operation by realizing a delayed indirect heat radiation via the outer heat-storing jacket, while the air ducts opening into the inner space of the inner heat-storing jacket allow the immediate and immediate rise of the heat quantity forming in the reactor allow heating airspace. The helical design of the chimney draft, which is carried out without changing direction, partly gives the opportunity for maximum utilization of the "waste" thermal energy that otherwise moves into the chimney to warm up the furnace body, and partly contributes to it by means of the kinetic resulting from the temperature difference between the flue gases Energy an active "chimney effect", ie to secure a train for the flue gases to be thrown out. Incidentally, in addition to a suitable reactor chamber design, this circumstance enables the heating system according to the invention to be operated with any type of heating material.

Im Sinne einer zweckmaessigen Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die aeusseren und inneren waermespeichernden Maentel aus hohlwandigen keramischen Modulelementen zusammengestellt, deren Hohlraeume zweckmaessig mit Sand oder anderem aehnlichem Füllmaterial ausgefüllt sind.In the sense of an expedient embodiment of the invention, the outer and inner heat-storing coats are composed of hollow-walled ceramic module elements, the cavities of which are expediently filled with sand or other similar filling material.

Die Lösung hat den ausserordentlich grossen Vorteil. dass sie die Herstellung bedeutend vereinfacht und produktiver macht, schnelle und eindeutige Montage sichert, waehrend sie die Anlage tragbar macht, wobei die einzelnen Elemente mit Menschenkraft auch leicht transportierbar sind. Mit der Auffüllung der Hohlraeume der Modulelemente in verschiedenem Masse kann das Gewicht der Heizanlage und damit auch ihre Stabilitaet, Waermebelastung und Waermetraegheit (Waermekapazitaet) innerhalb gegebener Grenzen beliebig eingestellt werden.The solution has the extremely big advantage. that it significantly simplifies production and makes it more productive, ensures quick and clear assembly, while making the system portable, and the individual elements can also be easily transported with human power. With the filling of the cavities of the module elements to different dimensions, the weight of the heating system and thus also its stability, heat load and heat inertia (heat capacity) can be within given limits can be set as desired.

Die den aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantel des Ofenkörpers bildenden keramischen Modulelemente können beliebig mit Oberflaechenbehandlung (z.B. Glasur) versehen und damit zusammen in einem Verfahren fertig gebrannt werden.The ceramic module elements forming the outer heat-storing jacket of the furnace body can be given any surface treatment (e.g. glaze) and can thus be fired together in one process.

Weitere Einzeilheiten und Eigenschaften der Erfindung werden aufgrund der beiliegenden Zeichnungen erlaeutert. auf welchen eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemaessen Heizanlage als Beispiel angeführt ist.Further details and characteristics of the invention are explained on the basis of the attached drawings. on which an advantageous embodiment of the heating system according to the invention is given as an example.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Ansicht der erfindungsgemaessen Heizanlage, teilweise im Schnitt,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt nach der Linie A-A der Fig. 1 durch den Reaktorteil der Heizanlage,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt nach der Linie B-B der Fig. 1 durch den Rekuperatorteil der Heizanlage.
Show it:
  • 1 is a view of the heating system according to the invention, partly in section,
  • 2 shows a section along the line AA of FIG. 1 through the reactor part of the heating system,
  • Fig. 3 shows a section along the line BB of Fig. 1 through the recuperator part of the heating system.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, besteht die erfindungsgemaesse Heizanlage aus zwei Teilen, und zwar aus dem Reaktorteil und aus dem darüber ausgebildeten Rekuperatorteil. Das Gewicht des von diesen gebildeten Ofenkörpers wird von einem lastenverteilenden Fussteil 1 aufgenommen und verteilt. Den Kern des Reaktorteiles bildet der den Brennraum 2 einfassende, aus Gusseisen oder Stahlplatten hergestellte Reaktor 3, welcher im Wesentlichen an einen Eisenofen erinnert. Der Reaktor 3 wird von einem Reaktormantel 4 umfasst, welcher zweckmaessig aus ringförmigen, gerippten, keramischen Modulelementen besteht. Der Reaktormntel 4, wie auf Fig. 2 deutlich sichtbar ist, legt sich mit seinen axialen Rippen 5 an die innere wand des die Heizanlage von aussen begrenzenden, ebenfalls aus ringförmigen, aber ungerippten keramischen Modulelementen bestehenden aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantels 6, wobei seine Rippenzwischenraeume 7 mit dieser inneren Wand gemeinsam von den in Höhe des Brennraumunterteiles befindlichen, mit Klappen verschliessbaren Anschlussstutzen 3 ausgehende und in den Innenraum 10 des im Rekuperatorteil über dem Reaktor 3 angeordneten inneren waermespeichernden Mantels 9 mündende Luftkanaele bilden. Der innere waermespeichernde Mantel 9 stimmt in der Höhe mit dem aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantel 6 überein, aber er besteht aus kleineren ringförmigen keramischen Modulelementen und sein Innenraum 10 öffnet sich unmittelbar in den zu heizenden Raum. Zweckmaessig sind sowohl in dem aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantel 6 als auch in dem inneren waermespeichernden Mantel 9 in den Waenden der Modulelemente in axialer Laengsrichtung Hohlraeume 11 ausgebildet, die mit Füllmaterial, zweckmaessig mit Sand ausfüllbar sind.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the heating system according to the invention consists of two parts, namely the reactor part and the recuperator part formed above it. The weight of the furnace body formed by these is taken up and distributed by a load-distributing foot part 1. The core of the reactor part is formed by the reactor 3, which surrounds the combustion chamber 2 and is made of cast iron or steel plates and essentially resembles an iron furnace. The reactor 3 is surrounded by a reactor jacket 4, which expediently consists of ring-shaped, ribbed, ceramic module elements. The reactor jacket 4, as is clearly visible in FIG. 2, lies down with its axial ribs 5 on the inner wall of the heating system from the outside, also consisting of ring-shaped, but non-ribbed ceramic module elements, the outer heat-storing jacket 6, its rib spaces 7 with this inner wall coming from the connection piece 3 located at the level of the lower part of the combustion chamber, closable with flaps, and in the inner space 10 of the inner heat-storing jacket 9 arranged in the recuperator part above the reactor 3 forms air ducts. The height of the inner heat-storing jacket 9 corresponds to that of the outer heat-storing jacket 6, but it consists of smaller, ring-shaped ceramic module elements and its interior 10 opens directly into the space to be heated. Appropriately, cavities 11 are formed both in the outer heat-storing jacket 6 and in the inner heat-storing jacket 9 in the walls of the module elements in the axial longitudinal direction, which cavities 11 can be filled with filler material, expediently with sand.

Bei der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Heizanlage entspricht die Höhe des Reaktorteiles des aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantels 6 der Höhe von vier aufeinander gesetzten ringförmigen keramischen Modulelementen. Die ersten beiden Modulelemente nehmen den Reaktor 3, den Aschenraum 12 und den im Aschenraum befindlichen Aschenkasten 13 ein (oder in Falle von Ölfeuerung den Heizölbehaelter bzw. bei Gasfeuerung den Gasregulierer und die Anschlussarmaturen), darüber befindet sich der Rost 14 und die Glutfangtür 15, welche von aussen durch eine an den Türansatz . des Reaktors montierte, mit einem Verschlusselement 16 regulierbaren Spaltquerschnitts versehene Aschenraumtür 17 bedeckt sind,und schliesslich die schon erwaehnten Anschlussstutzen 8, welche mit verschliessbaren Klappen versehen in Höhe des Rostes 14 in den zu heizenden Luftraum münden. Bemerkenswert ist, dass der lastenverteilende Fussteil 1 in gegebenen Fall mit dem untersten Modulele- ment des aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantels 6 ein Stück bilden kann.In the heating system shown in FIG. 1, the height of the reactor part of the outer heat-storing jacket 6 corresponds to the height of four annular ceramic module elements placed one on top of the other. The first two module elements take up the reactor 3, the ash chamber 12 and the ash box 13 located in the ash chamber (or in the case of oil firing the heating oil container or in the case of gas firing the gas regulator and the connection fittings), above which is the grate 14 and the embers trap door 15, which from the outside through a to the door approach. of the reactor mounted, provided with a closing element 16 adjustable gap cross-section are covered, and finally the previously mentioned connecting piece 8, which are provided with closable flaps at the level of the grate 14 into the air space to be heated. It is noteworthy that the burden-sharing Foot part 1 in the given case with the lowermost M odulele- ment of the outer jacket 6 waermespeichernden a piece can be formed.

Ober der Aschentür 17 ist mit einem auf die Grenzlinie des dritten und vierten Modulelementes des aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantels 6 fallenden Mittelpunkt eine Tür 18, die zur Zuführung des festen Heizmateriales in den Reaktor 3 dient, ausgebildet, in welche zweckmaessig ein die Beobachtung des Brennraumes 2 ermöglichender, feuerfester, durchsichtiger Glaseinsatz eingebaut ist. Das vierte Modulelement umgibt den obersten Teil des Reaktors 3, welches von oben mit einer den Waermeaustausch begünstigenden gerippten Haube 19 verschlossen ist und von hier beginnt auch der Ansatz 20 des Rauchzuges, welcher den Brennraum 2 des Reaktors 3 mit den zwischen den waermespeichernden Maenteln 6 und 9 im Rekuperatorteil ausgebildeten Rauchzug 21 verbindet, der im Wesentlichem eine schraubenlinienförmige Bahn beschreibend in einem Rauchabführansatz 22 endet. Die Lage der waermespeichernden Maentel 6 und 9 im Verhaeltnis zueinander, bzw. die Zusammenstellung ihrer Modulelemente wird durch aus Keramik hergestellte, mit Sand ausfüllbare, als Paare ineinander einfügbare Abstandsringe 23 und 24 gesichert, wobei der Abstandsring 23 von dem in ihn einfügbaren Abstandsring 24, waehrend der Abstandsring 24 von dem Deckring 25 abgeschlossen wird. Diese Anordnung ist besonders auf Fig. 3 vergleichend mit der Fig. 1 deutlich sichtbar. Diese Abstandselemente sind mit solchen Durchbrüchen 26 versehen, welche einen kontinuierlichen Aufstieg des Rauchzuges 21 ohne Richtungswechsel sichern bzw. das Hinübergelangen des Rauchgases in die Etage der folgenden Modulelemente sichern.Top of the ash door 17 is provided with a on the boundary line of the third and fourth module element of the outer waermespeichernden jacket 6 the center covered by a T ÜR 18, which is formed is used for feeding the solid Heizmateriales into the reactor 3, in which suitably is a observation of the combustion chamber 2 enabling, fireproof, transparent glass insert is installed. The fourth module element surrounds the uppermost part of the reactor 3, which is closed from above with a finned hood 19 which promotes heat exchange and from here also begins the approach 20 of the flue, which connects the combustion chamber 2 of the reactor 3 with the between the heat-storing coats 6 and 9 connects the smoke flue 21 formed in the recuperator part, which essentially ends in a smoke discharge attachment 22 and describes a helical path. The position of the heat-storing coats 6 and 9 in relation to one another, or the combination of their module elements is secured by spacer rings 23 and 24 made of ceramic, which can be filled with sand and inserted into one another as pairs, the spacer ring 23 being separated from the spacer ring 24 which can be inserted into it. while the spacer ring 24 is closed by the cover ring 25. This arrangement is clearly visible in comparison with FIG. 1, particularly in FIG. 3. These spacer elements are provided with such openings 26, which ensure a continuous ascent of the flue 21 without changing direction or the passage of the flue gas to the floor of the following module elements.

Ober den Ofenkörper, genauer gesagt, über den in dem zu heizenden Luftraum mündenden Innenraum 10 des inneren wacrmespeichernden Mantels 9 ist es vorteilhaft in den Weg der mit verhaeltnissmaessig grosser Geschwindigkeit nach oben strömenden Warmluft einen auf der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten waermeverteilenden Schirm aufzumontieren, welcher einerseits die Zimmerdecke schützt, anderseits breitet er die austretende Warmluft in dem zu heizenden Luftraum aus. Auf der Zeichnung ist eine Lufttransportvorrichtung ebenfalls nicht dargestellt, welche zweckmaessig in den Innenraum 10 eingebaut ist und wenn notwendig, mit ihrer Funktion neben der aus dem Temperaturunterschied sich ergebenden kinetischen Energie die Luftbewegung befördert, die im Falle von Fussbodenheizung auch entgegen der üblichen Richtung, also nach unten bewegend, möglich ist.It is advantageously in the way of the furnace body, more precisely, of the interior 10 of the inner, heat-storing jacket 9 opening into the air space to be heated the warm air flowing upwards at a relatively high speed, to assemble a heat-distributing screen (not shown in the drawing), which on the one hand protects the ceiling, and on the other hand spreads the escaping warm air in the air space to be heated. In the drawing, an air transport device is also not shown, which is expediently installed in the interior 10 and, if necessary, with its function in addition to the kinetic energy resulting from the temperature difference, also promotes the movement of air, which in the case of underfloor heating also counteracts the usual direction, that is moving down, is possible.

In dem letzteren Fall ist natürlich unbedingt die Betaetigung der Lufttransportvorrichtung notwendig. Zum Schluss ist der Einbau eines Zugfühlers in den Rauchabführansatz 22 ebenfalls zweckmaessig, welcher immer entsprechend der Ansprüche der gegebenen Feuerungsart die Depression des Feuerraumes kontrolliert und damit ebenfalls dazu beitraegt, dass die erfindungsgemaesse Heizanlage mit Heizmaterialarten beliebigen Aggregatzustandes betrieben werden kann.In the latter case, of course, the operation of the air transport device is absolutely necessary. Finally, the installation of a train sensor in the smoke discharge attachment 22 is also expedient, which always controls the depression of the combustion chamber in accordance with the requirements of the given type of furnace and thus also contributes to the fact that the heating system according to the invention can be operated with any type of aggregate heating material.

Die Arbeitsweise der erfindungsgemaessen Heizanlage wird nachstehend für den Fall der Anwendung von festen Heizmaterial dargelegt.The operation of the heating system according to the invention is set out below for the case of the use of solid heating material.

Das feste Heizmaterial wird über die kreisförmige, mit durchsichtigem, feuerfesten Glaseinsatz versehene Tür 18 in den Reaktor 3 auf den Rost 14 eingeführt, wo die den Rost 14 durchlaufende Brennluft die Verbrennung des in den Brennraum 2 eingefüllten Heizmateriales im regulierten Masse sichert. Die Brennluft dringt übrigens über das für dieses Ziel ausgebildete, an der Aschentür 17 angebrachte Verschlusselement 16 regulierbaren Spaltquerschnitts in den Aschenraum 12 ein, woher sie den Aschenkasten 13 umgehend auf den Rost 14 gelangt. Die im Brennraum 2 des Reaktors 3 sich bildenden Rauchgase gelangen über den auf dem Dach des Reaktors 3 speziell ausgebildeten Ansatz 20 des Rauchzuges in den Rekuperatorteil, genauer in den Rauchzug 21 zwischen dem aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantel 6 und dem inneren waermespeichernden Mantel 9, wo die Rauchgase durch die aus den einzelnen Modulelementen gebildeten Etagen nach einer Drehung von 3000 über eine als speziale Ablenköffnung, auf einem ungefaehr 60° langen Abschnitt ausgebildeten Durchbruch 26 ohne Richtungswechsel in die naechste Etage und zum Schluss durch den Rauchabführansatz 22 in den Schornstein gelangen.The solid heating material is introduced into the reactor 3 onto the grate 14 via the circular door 18 provided with transparent, fire-proof glass insert, where the combustion air passing through the grate 14 ensures the combustion of the heating material filled into the combustion chamber 2 to a regulated extent. Incidentally, the combustion air penetrates into the ash chamber 12 via the closure element 16, which is adjustable for this purpose and is attached to the ash door 17, from where it immediately places the ash box 13 on the Grate 14 arrives. The flue gases forming in the combustion chamber 2 of the reactor 3 reach the recuperator part, more precisely into the flue 21 between the outer heat-storing jacket 6 and the inner heat-storing jacket 9, where the flue gases come from, via the extension 20 of the smoke flue specially formed on the roof of the reactor 3 pass through the formed from the individual module elements floors after a rotation of 300 0 with a designed as speziale deflection opening, long at about a 60 ° section opening 26 without change in direction to the next floor, and finally through the Rauchabführansatz 22 in the chimney.

In dem Rauchzug geben die Rauchgase ihren Waermegehalt an den aeusseren und inneren waermespeichernden Mantel 6 und 9 ab, welche mit gleichmaessiger, verzögerter Waermeausstrahlung die aufgenommene Waerme an den zu heizenden Luftraum abgeben, wie es zum Beispiel für die Funktion der Kachelöfen charakteristisch ist.In the smoke flue, the flue gases give off their heat content to the outer and inner heat-storing mantles 6 and 9, which emit the absorbed heat to the air space to be heated with uniform, delayed heat radiation, as is characteristic, for example, of the function of the tiled stoves.

Zur gleichen Zeit besteht jedoch bei der erfindungsgemaessen Heizanlage auch die Möglichkeit nach der Anfeuerung zur sofortigen Aufwaermung des zu heizenden Luftraumes. Dazu wird in den Zwischenraum des aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantels 6 und des den Reaktor 3 unmittelbar umgebenden Reaktormantels 4 über die in Höhe des Brennraumunterteiles 2 eingebauten Anschlussstutzen 8 die Luft des zu heizenden Luftraumes eingeführt und diese lassen wir in den durch die Rippenzwischenraeume 7 des Reaktormantels 4 gebildeten Luftkanaele entlangströmen, welche über die als Waermeaustauscher des Reaktors 3 funktionierenden gerippten Haube 19 in den Innenraum 10 des inneren waermespeichernden Mantels 9 münden. Die durch die Anschlussstutzen 8 einströmende Luft nimmt einesteils neben dem den Reaktor 3 umgebenden Reaktormantel 4 laufend die vom Reaktor 3 ausgestrahlte Waermemenge auf, anderseits kühlt sie den die Wand des Reaktors 3 unmittelbar berührenden Reaktormantel 4. Die auf solche Art aufgewaermte Luft, an dem oberen Teil des Reaktors 3 vorbeilaufend, strömt durch ihre eigene, nittels der sich aus dem Temperaturunterschied ergebenden kinetischen Energie in den Innenraum 10 und mit s.g. "Schornsteinwirkung" strömt sie bis zu dem waermeverteilenden Schirm, woher sie sich mit Richtungswechsel in den zu heizenden Luftraum entfernt. Sobald der zu heizende Luftraum die notwendige Temperatur erreicht hat, werden die Klappen der Anschlussstutzen 8 mit der Hand oder mit einer Thermostatsteuorung geschlossen, so dass von diesem Zeitpunkt ab die Heizanlage nur mit einer indirekten Waermeausstrahlung funktioniert.At the same time, however, in the heating system according to the invention there is also the possibility, after firing, for the immediate warming up of the air space to be heated. For this purpose, the air of the air space to be heated is introduced into the space between the outer heat-storing jacket 6 and the reactor jacket 4 immediately surrounding the reactor 3 via the connecting piece 8 installed in the lower part of the combustion chamber 2, and we leave this in the space formed by the rib spaces 7 of the reactor jacket 4 Air channels flow along, which open into the interior 10 of the inner heat-storing jacket 9 via the ribbed hood 19 functioning as a heat exchanger of the reactor 3. The air flowing in through the connecting piece 8 takes up, in addition to the reactor jacket 4 surrounding the reactor 3, continuously absorbing the amount of heat emitted by the reactor 3, and on the other hand cools the reac directly touching the wall of the reactor 3 Door jacket 4. The air warmed up in this way, passing the upper part of the reactor 3, flows through its own, by means of the kinetic energy resulting from the temperature difference, into the interior 10 and with so-called "chimney effect" it flows up to the heat-distributing screen , from where it moves with a change of direction into the air space to be heated. As soon as the air space to be heated has reached the necessary temperature, the flaps of the connecting pieces 8 are closed by hand or with a thermostat control, so that from this point in time the heating system only works with indirect heat radiation.

Die erfindungsgemaesse Heizanlage kann bei der erlaeuterten konstruktiven Anordnung mit beliebigen Heizmaterialarten mit einem guten Wirkungsgrad betrieben werden, waehrend die Betriebsart oder auch die unmittelbare oder.indirekte Waermeausstrahlung ebenfalls nach Gefallen, bei einer gleichzeitigen Rekuperation der Waermeenergie der Rauchgase, ausgewaehlt werden kann. Der Wechsel der Betriebsart kann ohne Elementenaustausch, einfach durch Verschliessung der Anschlussstutzen 8 durchgeführt werden. Einen weiteren bedeutenden Vorteil bildet es, dass die Anlage aus Modulelementen zusammenstellbar ist, so dass sie auch mit Handkraft leicht versetzbar ist, ihre Montage jedoch verlangt keinerlei Fachkenntnisse. (Wir möchten bemerken, dass die Ausbildung der verschiedenen Bestandteile aus Modulelementen vom Gesichtspunkt der grundsaetzlichen Funktion der Anlage keine Pflicht ist, aber ausserordentlich viele Vorteile mit sich bringt.) Die mit Sand oder anderen aehnlichen Füllmaterialien ausfüllbaren Hohlraeume der Modulelemente des aeusseren und inneren waermespeichernden Mantels 6 und 9 sichern auch den besonderen Vorteil, dass in Abhaengigkeit von der eingefüllten Sandmenge bei der Montage die Möglichkeit gegeben wird die Anlage im Gewicht und in der Waermekapazitaet den jederzeit aktuellen Ansprüchen und Möglichkeiten nach zu regulieren (zum Beispiel für die Belastungsmöglichkeiten der Decke). Die Aussenflaeche der Modulelemente des aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantels 6 kann den Ansprüchen entsprechend oberflaechenbehandelt werden, sowohl hinsichtlich der Verschleissfestigkeit als auch der Farbengebung, und sie ist zweckmaessig mit einer Musterglasur von aesthetischer Faerbung versehen. Der aeussere Umriss des aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantels 6 ist zweckmaessig kreisförmig, aber es ist auch eine andere Form vorstellbar, zum Beispiel auch eine eckige Variante. Grösse und Anzahl der Modulelemente sind veraenderbar, und wird von der Zweckmaessigkeit bzw. von dem Waermebedarf bestimmt.The heating system according to the invention can be operated with any kind of heating material with a good degree of efficiency in the constructional arrangement explained, while the operating mode or the direct or indirect heat radiation can also be selected as desired, with a simultaneous recuperation of the heat energy of the flue gases. The mode of operation can be changed without element replacement, simply by closing the connecting piece 8. Another significant advantage is that the system can be assembled from modular elements so that it can be easily moved by hand, but its assembly does not require any specialist knowledge. (We would like to note that the formation of the various components from module elements is not a requirement from the point of view of the basic function of the system, but it brings with it many advantages.) The cavities of the module elements of the outer and inner heat-storing jacket, which can be filled with sand or other similar filling materials 6 and 9 also ensure the special advantage that, depending on the amount of sand filled in during installation, the system is given the option of weight and heat capacity Regulate current requirements and possibilities at any time (for example, for the load options of the ceiling). The outer surface of the module elements of the outer heat-storing jacket 6 can be surface-treated according to the requirements, both with regard to wear resistance and the color scheme, and it is expediently provided with a pattern glaze of aesthetic coloring. The outer contour of the outer heat-storing jacket 6 is expediently circular, but a different shape is also conceivable, for example an angular variant. The size and number of the module elements can be changed and is determined by the expediency or the heat requirement.

Claims (12)

1. Lokale Heizanlage, die mit einem Heizmaterial beliebigen Aggregatzustandes und mit unmittelbarer und indirekter Waermeausstrahlung gleicherweise betrieben werden kann und welche einen den Brennraum aufnehmenden Reaktor, einen über den Reaktor ausgebildeten Rauchzug sowie einen aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantel aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass der Rauchzug (21) in dem Raum über dem Reaktor (3) gleichmaessig, ohne Richtungswechsel, im Wesentlichen mit einem schraubenlinienförmigen Aufstieg zwischen dem aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantel (6) und einem inneren waermespeichernden Mantel (9) ausgebildet ist, waehrend zwischen dem den aus Metall bestehenden Reaktor (3) unmittelbar umgebenden Reaktormantel (4) und dem aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantel (6) Luftkanaele ausgebildet sind, die einerseits in den sich unmittelbar in den zu heizenden Luftraum öffnenden Innenraum (10) des inneren waermespeichernden Mantels (9) münden und anderseits über wenigstens einen in Höhe des Unterteiles des Brennraumes (2) ausgebildeten, verschliessbaren Anschlussstutzen (8) ebenfalls mit der zu heizenden Luftraum verbunden sind.1.Local heating system which can be operated with a heating material of any physical state and with direct and indirect heat radiation and which has a reactor which receives the combustion chamber, a smoke flue formed over the reactor and an outer heat-storing jacket, characterized in that the smoke flue (21 ) is formed in the space above the reactor (3) uniformly, without changing direction, essentially with a helical rise between the outer heat-storing jacket (6) and an inner heat-storing jacket (9), while between the reactor made of metal (3 ) immediately surrounding the reactor jacket (4) and the outer heat-storing jacket (6), air ducts are formed, which on the one hand open into the interior (10) of the inner heat-storing jacket (9) that opens directly into the air space to be heated, and on the other hand at least one in height of the sub Part of the combustion chamber (2) trained, closable connection piece (8) are also connected to the air space to be heated. 2. Lokale Heizanlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass der aeussere und innere waermespeichernde Mantel (6, 9) aus hohlwandigen, ringförmigen keramischen Modulelementen zusammengestellt ist.2. Local heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer and inner heat-storing jacket (6, 9) is composed of hollow-walled, ring-shaped ceramic module elements. 3. Lokale Heizanlage nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass die Hohlraeume in den Waenden der Modulelemente des aeusseren und inneren waermespeichernden Mantels (6, 9) mit Füllmaterial, z.B. mit Sand ausgefüllt sind.3. Local heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that the cavities in the Walls of M o dulelemente the outer and inner waermespeichernden shell (6, 9) with filling material, for example, are filled with sand. 4. Lokale Heizanlage nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass zwischen den Modulelementen des aeusseren und inneren waermespeichernden Mantels (6, 9) ineinander einfügbare, mit Sand ausfüllbare und mit Durchbrüchen (26) versehene Abstandsringa (23, 24) angeordnat sind.4. Local heating system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that between the module elements of the outer and inner heat-storing jacket (6, 9) which can be inserted into one another, can be filled with sand and are provided with openings (26), are spacer rings (23, 24). 5. Lokale Heizanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass der den Reaktor (3) unmittelbar umgebende Reaktormantel (4) als keramischer, gerippter Mantel ausgebildet ist, dessen Laengsrippen (5) an der Innenseite des aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantels (6) anliegen, waehrend seine Rippenzwischenraeume (7) in den Innenraum (10) des inneren waermespeichernden Mantels (9) mündenden Luftkanaele bilden.5. Local heating system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the reactor jacket (3) immediately surrounding the reactor jacket (4) is designed as a ceramic, ribbed jacket, the longitudinal ribs (5) on the inside of the outer heat-storing jacket (6 ) rest while its rib spaces (7) form air ducts opening into the interior (10) of the inner heat-storing jacket (9). 6. Lokale Heizanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass der Reaktormantel (4) aus Modulelementen zusammengestellt ist, deren Höhe der Höhe der Modulelemente des aeusseren waermespeichernden Mantels (6) entspricht.6. Local heating system according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the reactor jacket (4) is composed of module elements, the height of which corresponds to the height of the module elements of the outer heat-storing jacket (6). 7. Lokale Heizanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Decke des Reaktors (3) mit einer als Waermeaustauschflaeche funktionierenden gerippten Haube (19) versehen ist.7. Local heating system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ceiling of the reactor (3) is provided with a ribbed hood (19) functioning as a heat exchange surface. 8. Lokale Heizanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem unteren Teil des Reaktors (3) ein auch für die Aufnahme einer Feuerungskonstruktion der eines Heizmaterialbehaelters anwendbarer Aschenraum (12) ausgebildet ist.8. Local heating system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the lower part of the reactor (3) is also designed for receiving a firing construction of a heating material container of a heating material container (12). 9. Lokale Heizanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass im Rauchzug (21) am oberen Ende eine Zugfühlerautomatik eingebaut ist.9. Local heating system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an automatic pull sensor is installed in the smoke flue (21) at the upper end. 10. Lokale Heizanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass in der zur Zuführung von festem Feuerungsmaterial dienenden Tür (18) des Reaktors (3) ein die Beobachtung des Brennraumes zulassender, durchsichtiger, feuerbestaendiger Glassinsatz eingebaut ist.10. Local heating system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in the serving for the supply of solid firing material door (18) of the reactor (3) an observation of the combustion chamber permitting, transparent, fire-resistant glass insert is installed. 11. Lokale Heizanlage nach einem der-Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass über dem oberen Ende des sich in den zu heizenden Luftraum öffnenden Innenraumes (10) des inneren waermespeichernden Mantels (9) ein waermeverteilender Schirm aufmontiert ist.11. Local heating system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a heat-distributing screen is mounted over the upper end of the interior (10) of the inner heat-storing jacket (9) which is opening into the air space to be heated. 12. Lokale Heizanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass in den sich unmittelbar in den zu heizenden Raum öffnenden Innenraum (10) des inneren waermespeichernden Mantels (9) eine Lufttransportvorrichtung eingebaut ist.12. Local heating system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that an air transport device is installed in the interior (10) of the inner heat-storing jacket (9) which opens directly into the space to be heated.
EP82110577A 1981-11-16 1982-11-16 Local heating installation Expired EP0082306B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82110577T ATE22167T1 (en) 1981-11-16 1982-11-16 LOCAL HEATING SYSTEM.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU341981 1981-11-16
HU813419A HU186793B (en) 1981-11-16 1981-11-16 Local heating equipment

Publications (2)

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EP0082306A1 true EP0082306A1 (en) 1983-06-29
EP0082306B1 EP0082306B1 (en) 1986-09-10

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EP82110577A Expired EP0082306B1 (en) 1981-11-16 1982-11-16 Local heating installation

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US (1) US4526319A (en)
EP (1) EP0082306B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5895145A (en)
AT (1) ATE22167T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1207621A (en)
CS (1) CS244428B2 (en)
DD (1) DD207968A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3273232D1 (en)
DK (1) DK503882A (en)
ES (1) ES517381A0 (en)
FI (1) FI823913L (en)
HU (1) HU186793B (en)
NO (1) NO823819L (en)
PL (1) PL136844B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2138515B1 (en) * 1996-12-27 2000-08-16 Gomez Hilario Blanco THERMAL ACCUMULATOR AND ECONOMIZER FOR DOMESTIC HEATING BOILERS GASOIL.
NO320759B1 (en) * 2004-10-20 2006-01-23 Fritz Atle Moen Stove
DE102005058163B4 (en) * 2005-12-05 2011-04-14 Man Diesel & Turbo Se exhaust stack
CN109959041B (en) * 2019-04-17 2023-10-10 山东建筑大学 Comprehensive system and method for recycling waste heat of oil smoke

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202024C (en) *
DE219381C (en) *
AT64190B (en) * 1913-02-28 1914-03-26 Emil Sommerschuh Double-walled oven with heat storage.
US2005982A (en) * 1934-03-21 1935-06-25 Bowman S Smith Gas saving deflector
CH219074A (en) * 1940-11-08 1942-01-31 Studer Adolf Warm air circulation oven.
DE821698C (en) * 1949-10-08 1951-11-19 Graaff J Niedersaechs Waggon Heater.
US4250868A (en) * 1978-08-04 1981-02-17 Frye Filmore O Draft inducer/damper systems
EP0030224A1 (en) * 1979-11-14 1981-06-10 Franz Schrödl Stove tile and method for the construction of closed fireboxes in particular

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3053455A (en) * 1962-09-11 eichenlaub
US1600725A (en) * 1926-02-18 1926-09-21 Flaus Victor Hot-air furnace
US2272428A (en) * 1940-10-07 1942-02-10 Ward Heater Co Heating system
FR1124379A (en) * 1955-05-17 1956-10-09 High efficiency heater

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202024C (en) *
DE219381C (en) *
AT64190B (en) * 1913-02-28 1914-03-26 Emil Sommerschuh Double-walled oven with heat storage.
US2005982A (en) * 1934-03-21 1935-06-25 Bowman S Smith Gas saving deflector
CH219074A (en) * 1940-11-08 1942-01-31 Studer Adolf Warm air circulation oven.
DE821698C (en) * 1949-10-08 1951-11-19 Graaff J Niedersaechs Waggon Heater.
US4250868A (en) * 1978-08-04 1981-02-17 Frye Filmore O Draft inducer/damper systems
EP0030224A1 (en) * 1979-11-14 1981-06-10 Franz Schrödl Stove tile and method for the construction of closed fireboxes in particular

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO823819L (en) 1983-05-18
ES8400817A1 (en) 1983-11-01
PL239061A1 (en) 1983-07-18
CA1207621A (en) 1986-07-15
DE3273232D1 (en) 1986-10-16
PL136844B1 (en) 1986-03-31
ATE22167T1 (en) 1986-09-15
FI823913A0 (en) 1982-11-15
HU186793B (en) 1985-09-30
DK503882A (en) 1983-05-17
CS244428B2 (en) 1986-07-17
EP0082306B1 (en) 1986-09-10
JPS5895145A (en) 1983-06-06
US4526319A (en) 1985-07-02
ES517381A0 (en) 1983-11-01
FI823913L (en) 1983-05-17
CS816682A2 (en) 1985-09-17
DD207968A5 (en) 1984-03-21

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